Lists of national symbols
- This article is about the official animals, plants, symbols, etc., of nations. For the Edwin Eugene Bagley march, see National Emblem (march).
A national emblem symbolically represents a nation. Most national emblems originate in the natural world, (as animals, say, or birds), but any object may serve.
National emblems may appear on such items as the national flag, coat of arms, or other patriotic materials. One should not confuse a formal national emblem with less formal symbols potentially associated with tourism or clichés, for example windmills in the Netherlands.
The national emblems of nations of the world in alphabetical order:
Animals
- Australia – kangaroo, emu
- Austria – black eagle
- Belgium – lion
- Bolivia - llama
- Brazil – rufous-bellied thrush, Turdus rufiventris
- Brittany – stoat
- Cambodia – kouprey or grey ox
- Canada – beaver
- Catalonia - donkey
- Chile – condor, huemul
- China – dragon, giant panda
- Czech Republic – lion
- Denmark – lion
- East Timor – crocodile
- Egypt – Saladin's eagle
- England – lion.
- Eritrea – camel
- Estonia – barn swallow
- Finland – lion, swan, brown bear, perch, ladybird
- France – rooster
- Germany – black eagle (Bundesadler)
- Guatemala – quetzal
- Iceland - falcon
- India – Peacock (bird); Royal Bengal Tiger (animal); elephant (unofficial)
- Italy - Wolf (unofficial)
- Indonesia – Garuda, Komodo dragon
- Japan – pheasant, crane
- Laos – elephant
- Malaysia – tiger stripes
- Malta – blue rock thrush
- Mexico – golden eagle
- Moldova – auroch
- Montenegro – lion
- Netherlands – lion
- New Zealand– kiwi
- Pakistan – markhor, chukar
- Panama – harpy eagle
- Papua New Guinea - bird of paradise
- Philippines - Philippine eagle, Carabao
- Poland – white eagle
- Portugal – galo de Barcelos, cock
- Romania – eagle
- Russia – bear, golden bicephalic eagle
- Scotland – red lion
- Serbia – white bicephalic eagle
- Singapore – merlion, lion
- South Africa – Springbok Antelope
- Soviet Union – bear
- Spain – Osborne's bull
- Sudan - Secretary Bird
- Sweden – lion
- Thailand – elephant
- Uganda – grey-crowned crane
- United Kingdom – lion, bulldog, European robin
- United States – American bald eagle, bison
- Venezuela – turpial
- Wales – red dragon
People
- Albania – Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg
- Canada: Johnny Canuck
- Denmark – Holger Danske
- Finland – Finnish Maiden
- France – Marianne
- Germany – Deutscher Michel, Germania
- Iceland – Woman of the mountains
- India – Bharat Mata
- Mexico – Miguel Hidalgo
- Norway – Ola Nordmann, Kari Nordmann
- Philippines – Juan dela Cruz
- Spain – Santiago Matamoros
- Sweden – Mother Svea
- Switzerland – Helvetia
- United Kingdom – Britannia, John Bull
- United States – Uncle Sam, Lady Liberty, historically Brother Jonathan and Columbia
See also: National personification
Plants
- Australia – golden wattle
- Bangladesh – jackfruit, white water lily
- Bolivia – Kantatu
- Bulgaria – rose
- Canada – maple leaf, (unofficial)
- China - peony,plum blossom
- People's Republic of China – sunflower (obsolete), peony (unofficial)
- Republic of China (Taiwan) – plum blossom
- Chile – copihue
- Colombia – orchid[Cattleya Trianae]
- Denmark – red clover
- Egypt – Egyptian lotus
- England – red-and-white rose of Tudor (white for York, red for Lancaster)
- Estonia – blue cornflower
- Finland – lily of the valley, white rose
- France – lily (Ancien Régime)
- Germany – oak
- India – the lotus, Nelumbo nucifera
- Indonesia - melati(Arabian jasmine, Jasminum sambac), anggrek (Orchid)
- Iran – tulip (depicted on the Flag of Iran)
- Iraq – rose
- Ireland – shamrock (or trefoil)
- Jamaica – lignum vitae
- Japan – chrysanthemum, cherry blossom
- Jordan – black iris
- Kuwait - Rhanterium epapposum
- Malta – Maltese Rock Centaury
- Malaysia – Chinese Hibiscus
- Maldives – rose
- Mexico – dahlia
- Moldova – oak
- Nepal – Rhododendron
- Netherlands – tulip
- Newfoundland – Pitcher Plant
- New Zealand – silver fern (foliage), koru, and kowhai (flower)
- North Korea – Kimjongilia
- Norway – heather
- Pakistan – Jasmine
- Panama – Holy Spirit flower
- Philippines - sampaguita (Arabian jasmine, Jasminum sambac)
- Russia – camomile
- Scotland – Thistle, Scottish Bluebell (Harebell)
- Serbia – plum
- Singapore – Vanda Miss Joaquim, orchid
- Slovenia – carnation
- South Africa – king protea
- South Korea – Hibiscus
- Soviet Union – carnation
- Switzerland – edelweiss
- United States – rose
- Venezuela – orchid [Cattleya Mossiae]
- Wales – daffodil, leek
- Zimbabwe – flame lily
Trees
- Albania – Olive
- Argentina – ceibo
- Belize – mahogany
- Brazil – ipê-amarelo, Tecoma chrysostricha
- Canada – Maple
- Czech Republic – lime
- Denmark – beech
- England – oak
- Estonia – oak
- Finland – birch, Silver Birch
- Germany – oak
- Guatemala – ceiba
- India – banyan
- Italy - Olive and Oak
- Lebanon – Lebanon Holy Cedar
- Madagascar – baobab
- Maldives – Coconut palm
- Malta – Għargħar
- Pakistan – Deodar Cedar
- Panama – Panama tree
- Paraguay – lapacho
- Philippines - narra
- Russia – birch
- Saudi Arabia – Phoenix palm
- Scotland – Scots Pine
- Senegal – baobab
- Slovenia – lime
- South Africa – real yellowwood
- Ukraine – Viburnum
- United States – oak
- Venezuela – Araguaney [Tabebuia Chrysantha]
Inanimate objects
- Albania – castle of Kruja
- Argentina – Yerba mate
- Australia – southern cross
- Azerbaijan – fire
- Croatia – checkerboard (šahovnica)
- Estonia - limestone
- India – the Lion Capital of Asoka, spinning wheel
- Ireland – celtic harp called a clarsach
- Israel – the menorah
- Italy - a star,
- Japan – the Sun, depicted without rays
- New Zealand – southern cross
- Saudi Arabia – the sword of Ibn Saud
- Serbia – firesteels
- Soviet Union – hammer and sickle
- Sweden – Three Crowns
- European Union - 12 yellow stars arranged in a circle
Symbols
- Argentina – Sun of May
- Australia - Commonwealth Star
- Brittany – Ermine
- Croatia – checkerboard
- England – St George's Cross
- France – Fleur-de-Lis (Ancien Régime)
- Germany – Iron Cross
- India – Ashoka Chakra, Lion Capital of Asoka
- Indonesia - Garuda Pancasila
- Ireland – St Patrick's Cross
- Isle of Man – triskelion
- Israel – Star of David
- Lebanon – Phoenician Longship
- Malaysia - Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Stars)
- Malta – George Cross, Maltese Cross
- Northern Ireland – red hand
- Pakistan – star and crescent
- Serbia – firesteels
- Singapore – Lion head
- Slovakia – patriarchal cross and three mountains
- Scotland – Saltire or St Andrew's Cross
- South Korea – Yin Yang
- Switzerland – Swiss cross
- Turkey – crescent
- Ukraine - trident