Palmerston North (New Zealand electorate)
Palmerston North is a parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives of New Zealand. The electorate was first formed for the 1890 election and was called Palmerston until 1938. The current MP for Palmerston North is Iain Lees-Galloway of the Labour Party. He has held this position since the 2008 election.
Population centres
In December 1887, the House of Representatives voted to reduce its membership from general electorates from 91 to 70. The 1890 electoral redistribution used the same 1886 census data used for the 1887 electoral redistribution. In addition, three-member electorates were introduced in the four main centres. This resulted in a major restructuring of electorates, and Palmerston was one of four electorates to be first created for the 1890 election.[1]
Palmerston North reached its current approximate size at the expense of the old Manawatu electorate in the lead up to the introduction of mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting in 1996. The boundaries of the Palmerston North electorate were last adjusted in the 2007 redistribution, when the electorate became fully urban and covered all of the urbanised part of Palmerston North City, with the towns in its orbit such as Ashhurst and Linton becoming part of the neighbouring electorate of Rangitīkei. To counter the population loss on the Manawatu River's left bank, the section of the city on the right bank, including the suburb of Milson, was moved in at the same time.[2] No boundary adjustments were undertaken in the subsequent 2013/14 redistribution.[3]
History
The electorate has been loyal to the Labour Party, not having elected a National MP since 1975, and having not re-elected a National MP since 1966.
The first representative of the Palmerston electorate was James Wilson.[4] Wilson previously represented the Foxton electorate until its abolition in 1890.[5] In the 1890 election, Wilson beat Frederick Pirani by 61 votes.[6] In the 1893 election, Wilson stood successfully in the Otaki electorate[4] and Palmerston was won by Pirani, who was confirmed in 1896 and 1899,[7] but defeated in 1902 when he contested the Hutt electorate.[8] In the 1899 election, Prime Minister Richard Seddon expressed his opposition to Pirani (who had previously stood for the Liberal Party) by endorsing William Thomas Wood, who came second that year.[6]
Wood was the successful candidate in the 1902 election, and he was confirmed in 1905.[9] The 1908 election was held under the Second Ballot Act, contested by three candidates. David Buick, Wood and W. Milverton received 2675, 2626 and 123 votes, respectively. As Buick did not receive an absolute majority, a second ballot was required.[10] Buick standing for the Reform Party was again successful in the second round of voting and was thus elected.[11] Buick was re-elected in 1911 and 1914, but died in office on 18 November 1918 during the influenza epidemic.[12]
Jimmy Nash, the sitting Mayor of Palmerston North, won the resulting by-election on 19 December 1918.[13] Nash was confirmed at the next five general elections,[13] but was defeated in the 1935 election by Joe Hodgens of the Labour Party in an election also contested by the then mayor, Augustus Edward Mansford.[14] Hodgens had previously contested the electorate in the 1922 and 1931 elections. He retired from the electorate at the 1946 election due to the deteriorating health of his wife.[14]
The 1946 election was contested between Ormond Wilson for Labour and Mansford, whose relationship with the National Party was strained, since his 1935 election campaign had contributed to the defeat of Nash. Mansford failed to get nominated by the National Party for the 1938 and 1943 elections. So in 1946, the National Party decided not to stand a candidate, with Mansford running as an Independent. Wilson obtained a majority of 928 votes.[15]
Wilson lost the subsequent election in 1949 against Blair Tennent of the National Party.[16][17] Tennent was confirmed at the subsequent election, but then lost against the Labour candidate, Philip Skoglund, in the 1954 election.[17] Skoglund contested the 1957 election against Bill Brown of the National Party and was confirmed by the voters. However, in the 1960 election, Brown beat Skoglund by the narrow majority of 123 votes. At the 1963 election, Brown had a 772-vote majority to Skoglund. The 1966 election was contested by Brown against Labour's Joe Walding, with Brown holding a 259-vote majority. Brown died in office on 16 October 1967 at a function in Kaiapoi.[18]
The resulting 1967 by-election was contested by five candidates: Walding (Labour Party), Gordon Cruden (National Party), John O'Brien (Social Credit Party), Goldingham (Progress) and P. J. Wedderspoon (Democratic Labour). Walding obtained a majority of 592 votes.[19] Walding represented the Palmerston North electorate until the 1975 election, when he was defeated by John Lithgow, and from 1978 to 1981. Six months prior to the 1981 election, he announced his retirement from Parliament.[19]
The Labour nomination was hotly contested and Trevor de Cleene, a good friend of Walding, was the most experienced candidate who put his name forward for selection, and despite concerns about his often controversial nature, he was nominated by the party. The candidate put forward by National was his old foe Brian Elwood, with whom he had worked on the Palmerston North City Council for many years, and against whom he lost the mayoralty contest in 1974. Elwood and de Cleene received 8315 and 10425 votes, respectively (representing 35.7% and 48.5% of the vote), with de Cleene thus entering Parliament in 1981.[20] De Cleene won the 1984 election, called early by Robert Muldoon, with an increased majority over National's candidate, C G Singleton.[20] In the 1987 election, de Cleene raised his share of the vote to 56.2%, defeating National's Paul Curry. He did not seek re-election in the 1990 election.[20]
Iain Lees-Galloway was selected by the Labour Party as successor to retiring MP Steve Maharey, who became Vice Chancellor of Massey University, in a contested Labour Party selection for the 2008 election.[21] Lees-Galloway defeated the National Party candidate, Malcolm Plimmer, with a majority of 1,117 votes.[22][23] In the 2011 election, Lees-Galloway was confirmed with an increased majority of 3,285 votes, defeating National's Leonie Hapeta.[24] In the 2014 election, Lees-Galloway was challenged by the Mayor of Palmerston North, Jono Naylor, but remained successful.[25] Lees-Galloway had a decreased majority of 2,212 votes over Naylor.[26] Naylor was the lowest-ranked National MP who entered Parliament via their list.[27][28]
Members of Parliament
Key
Independent Liberal Reform Labour National NZ First
List MPs
Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Palmerston North electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
Election | Winner | |
---|---|---|
2014 election | width=5 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color| | Jono Naylor |
bgcolor=Template:New Zealand First/meta/color| | Darroch Ball |
Election results
2014 election
General election 2014: Palmerston North[26] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | Iain Lees-Galloway | 16,885 | 49.70 | −1.62 | 10,632 | 30.88 | −3.00 | ||
National | Jono Naylor | 14,673 | 43.19 | +2.07 | 14,835 | 43.09 | −1.03 | ||
NZ First | Darroch Ball | 1,217 | 3.58 | +3.58 | 2,973 | 8.64 | +2.98 | ||
Conservative Party of New Zealand | Mark Pearce | 689 | 2.03 | −0.07 | 1,549 | 4.50 | +1.48 | ||
style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Internet Party (New Zealand)/meta/color; width: 5px;" | | Internet | Pani Farvid | 250 | 0.74 | +0.74 | ||||
Green | 3,390 | 9.85 | −0.65 | ||||||
Internet Mana | 330 | 0.96 | +0.68[a] | ||||||
ACT | 175 | 0.51 | −0.23 | ||||||
Maori Party | 166 | 0.48 | −0.03 | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 123 | 0.36 | −0.12 | ||||||
United Future | 80 | 0.23 | −0.41 | ||||||
Ban 1080 | 30 | 0.09 | +0.09 | ||||||
Civilian | 24 | 0.07 | +0.07 | ||||||
Democrats | 10 | 0.03 | −0.02 | ||||||
Independent Coalition | 10 | 0.03 | +0.03 | ||||||
Focus | 7 | 0.02 | +0.02 | ||||||
Informal votes | 257 | 93 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 33,871 | 34,427 | |||||||
Turnout | 34,427 | 79.37 | +3.46 | ||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 2,212 | 6.51 | −3.69 |
2011 election
General election 2011: Palmerston North[24] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | Iain Lees-Galloway | 16,525 | 51.32 | +4.50 | 11,194 | 33.88 | -6.80 | ||
National | Leonie Hapeta | 13,240 | 41.12 | -2.43 | 14,577 | 44.12 | +3.46 | ||
Green | Corrina Tucker | 1,485 | 4.61 | +0.19 | 3,469 | 10.50 | +3.99 | ||
Conservative Party of New Zealand | Andrew Marquet | 675 | 2.10 | +2.10 | 997 | 3.02 | +3.02 | ||
ACT | Daniel Stratton | 167 | 0.52 | -0.71 | 245 | 0.74 | -1.99 | ||
United Future | Sultan Eusoff | 109 | 0.34 | -0.42 | 210 | 0.64 | -0.60 | ||
NZ First | 1,870 | 5.66 | +1.61 | ||||||
Māori Party | 168 | 0.51 | -0.20 | ||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 157 | 0.48 | +0.07 | ||||||
Mana | 94 | 0.28 | +0.28 | ||||||
Alliance | 23 | 0.07 | +0.02 | ||||||
Libertarianz | 19 | 0.06 | +0.01 | ||||||
Democrats | 15 | 0.05 | +0.03 | ||||||
Informal votes | 667 | 230 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 32,201 | 33,038 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 3,285 | 10.20 | +6.93 |
Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 43,524[29]
2008 election
General election 2008: Palmerston North[30] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | Iain Lees-Galloway | 15,977 | 46.82 | 14,108 | 40.68 | ||||
National | Malcolm Plimmer | 14,860 | 43.55 | 14,103 | 40.66 | ||||
Green | Lawrence O'Halloran | 1,509 | 4.42 | 2,258 | 6.51 | ||||
NZ First | Graham Odering | 658 | 1.93 | 1,404 | 4.05 | ||||
ACT | Kevin Dittmer | 420 | 1.23 | 948 | 2.73 | ||||
Progressive | Debbie Lucas | 261 | 0.76 | 408 | 1.18 | ||||
United Future | Frank Owen | 259 | 0.76 | 430 | 1.24 | ||||
Independent | Grant Seton | 107 | 0.31 | ||||||
Independent | Arshad Chatha | 74 | 0.22 | ||||||
Bill and Ben | 338 | 0.97 | |||||||
Māori Party | 247 | 0.71 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 139 | 0.40 | |||||||
Kiwi | 117 | 0.34 | |||||||
Family Party | 89 | 0.26 | |||||||
Pacific | 37 | 0.11 | |||||||
Alliance | 16 | 0.05 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 16 | 0.05 | |||||||
Workers Party | 12 | 0.03 | |||||||
Democrats | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
RONZ | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
RAM | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
Informal votes | 341 | 159 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 34,125 | 34,682 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 1,117 | 3.27 |
2005 election
General election 2005: Palmerston North[31] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notes: |
Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
| ||||||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% | ||
Labour | Steve Maharey | 17,263 | 53.87 | 14,642 | 44.98 | ||||
National | Malcolm Plimmer | 11,763 | 36.71 | 11,943 | 36.69 | ||||
Green | Lawrence O'Hallorahan | 1,141 | 3.56 | 2116 | 6.50 | ||||
NZ First | Graham Odering | 853 | 2.66 | 1673 | 5.14 | ||||
United Future | Gary Pedersen | 627 | 1.96 | 1,071 | 3.29 | ||||
Progressive | Dawn Patchett | 251 | 0.78 | 370 | 1.14 | ||||
Independent | Archard Chatha | 147 | 0.46 | ||||||
ACT | 285 | 0.88 | |||||||
Māori Party | 161 | 0.49 | |||||||
Destiny | 116 | 0.36 | |||||||
Legalise Cannabis | 59 | 0.18 | |||||||
Christian Heritage | 49 | 0.15 | |||||||
Libertarianz | 18 | 0.06 | |||||||
Alliance | 14 | 0.04 | |||||||
99 MP | 10 | 0.03 | |||||||
One NZ | 7 | 0.02 | |||||||
Democrats | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
Direct Democracy | 6 | 0.02 | |||||||
RONZ | 4 | 0.01 | |||||||
Family Rights | 2 | 0.01 | |||||||
Informal votes | 276 | 105 | |||||||
Total valid votes | 35,460 | 35,983 | |||||||
Labour hold | Majority | 5,500 | 17.16 |
1967 by-election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Walding | 6,939 | 43.94 | −0.56 | |
National | Gordon Cruden | 6,347 | 40.19 | ||
Social Credit | John O'Brien | 2,410 | 15.26 | ||
Democratic Labour | Jamie Wedderspoon | 61 | 0.39 | ||
Democratic Progress | J Q Goldingham | 34 | 0.22 | ||
Majority | 592 | 3.75 | |||
Turnout | 15,791 | 76.39 | −12.56 | ||
Registered electors | 19,873 | ||||
Labour gain from National | Swing |
1931 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Jimmy Nash | 6,465 | 55.33 | +5.92 | |
Labour | Joe Hodgens | 5,220 | 44.67 | ||
Majority | 1,245 | 10.65 | −10.23 | ||
Informal votes | 67 | 0.57 | −1.07 | ||
Turnout | 11,752 | 83.82 | −3.88 | ||
Registered electors | 14,020 |
1928 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Jimmy Nash | 5,558 | 49.40 | −16.91 | |
Labour | Walter Bromley | 3,208 | 28.52 | −5.17 | |
United | Charles Albert Loughnan[nb 1] | 2,484 | 22.08 | ||
Majority | 2,350 | 20.89 | −11.75 | ||
Informal votes | 188 | 1.64 | −0.44 | ||
Turnout | 11,438 | 87.71 | −2.04 | ||
Registered electors | 13,041 |
Table footnotes:
- ^ Charles Loughnan (died 1955), younger brother of Robert Andrew Loughnan, was the founder of Loughnan and Jacobs, solicitors in Palmerston North, now Jacobs Florentine.[34]
1925 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Jimmy Nash | 6,584 | 66.32 | ||
Labour | Walter Bromley | 3,344 | 33.68 | ||
Majority | 3,240 | 32.63 | |||
Informal votes | 211 | 2.08 | |||
Turnout | 10,139 | 89.75 | |||
Registered electors | 11,297 |
1918 by-election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Jimmy Nash | 2,229 | 41.56 | ||
Labour | Alexander Galbraith | 1,914 | 35.68 | ||
Liberal | Ernest Hugh Crabb[37] | 1,119 | 20.86 | ||
Independent Reform | A. Buchanan | 101 | 1.88 | ||
Majority | 315 | 5.87 | |||
Turnout | 5,363 |
1899 election
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent Liberal | Frederick Pirani | 1,980 | 48.49 | −2.30 | |
Liberal | William Thomas Wood | 1,465 | 35.88 | ||
Opposition | David Buick | 638 | 15.63 | −33.58 | |
Majority | 515 | 12.61 | +11.03 | ||
Turnout | 4,083 | 76.32 | −2.90 | ||
Registered electors | 5,350 |
Table footnotes
Notes
- ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 54ff.
- ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ a b Scholefield 1950, p. 148.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 157.
- ^ a b Oliver, Steven (22 June 2007). "Pirani, Frederick 1858–1926". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 132.
- ^ "Untitled". The Evening Post. Vol. LXIV, no. 131. 29 November 1902. p. 6. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 149.
- ^ "Palmerston". Wanganui Herald. Vol. XXXXIII, no. 12621. 18 November 1908. p. 5. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
- ^ "In other Districts". Nelson Evening Mail. Vol. XLII. 25 November 1908. p. 2. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
- ^ "David Buick : Member of Parliament for Palmerston North 1908–1918" (PDF). New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ a b Scholefield 1950, p. 128.
- ^ a b Atkinson, Neill. "Hodgens, Joseph - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 December 2011.
- ^ Hancock, Mervyn (December 2005). "George Hamish Ormond Wilson : Member of Parliament for Rangitikei 1935–1938 Palmerston North 1946–1949" (PDF). Palmerston North Library. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
- ^ Paul, Janet. "Wilson, George Hamish Ormond - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 23 December 2011.
- ^ a b Pilkington, Dorothy. "Tennent, William Blair - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
- ^ Hancock, Mervyn (December 2005). "George Hamish Ormond Wilson : Member of Parliament for Palmerston North 1960–67" (PDF). Palmerston North Library. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
- ^ a b Hancock, Mervyn (December 2005). "Joseph Albert Walding : Member of Parliament for Palmerston North 1967–1975 1978–1981" (PDF). Palmerston North Library. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Hancock, Mervyn (December 2005). "Trevor Albert De Cleene : Member of Parliament for Palmerston North 1981–1990" (PDF). Palmerston North Library. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
- ^ Dykes, Mervyn (29 April 2009). "Man about the House". Manawatu Standard. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
- ^ "Official Count Results -- Palmerston North". Chief Electoral Officer. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ "Iain Lees-Galloway". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ a b "Official Count Results -- Palmerston North (2011)". Chief Electoral Officer. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ "Lees-Galloway returned as MP". Manawatu Standard. 20 September 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ a b "Official Count Results -- Palmerston North (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
- ^ Townend, Lucy (4 October 2014). "Naylor confirmed as MP". Manawatu Standard. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ Rutherford, Hamish (4 October 2014). "National loses majority, Greens pick up one". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
- ^ 2008 election results
- ^ election result Palmerston North 2005
- ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 4. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ^ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 4. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
- ^ "About Jacobs Florentine". Jacobs Florentine. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
- ^ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 3. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ "By-election Results". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LV, no. 17038. 20 December 1918. p. 4. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ Hughes, Beryl. "Helen Priscilla Crabb". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved August 10, 2016.
- ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
References
- McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
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(help) - Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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External links
- The First Sixteen Members of Parliament for Palmerston North, lectures presented in association with the Manawatu Workers' Association (WEA) Mervyn Hancock, Palmerston North City Library
- Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library