Qatar Armed Forces
This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2009) |
Qatar Armed Forces | |
---|---|
![]() Emblem of Qatar | |
Founded | 1971 |
Service branches | |
Headquarters | Doha |
Leadership | |
Commander-in-Chief | Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani |
Minister of Defence | Major General Hamad bin Ali Al Attiyah |
Chief of General Staff | Major General Ghanem bin Shaheen Al-Ghanem |
Personnel | |
Military age | 18 years of age |
Available for military service | 389,487 males, age 15–49 (2010 est.), 165,572 females, age 15–49 (2010 est.) |
Fit for military service | 321,974 males, age 15–49 (2010 est.), 140,176 females, age 15–49 (2010 est.) |
Reaching military age annually | 6,429 males (2010 est.), 5,162 females (2010 est.) |
Active personnel | 11,800 total personnel
|
Expenditure | |
Budget | US$1.913 billion (2010)[1] |
Percent of GDP | 1.5% (2010) |
Related articles | |
History | Gulf War Libyan Civil War |
The Qatar Armed Forces are the military forces of Qatar. The country maintains a modest military force of approximately 11,800 men, including an army (8,500), navy (1,800) and air force (1,500). Qatar's defence expenditures were a total of $1.913 billion, about 1.5% of the national GDP, as of 2010 according to the SIPRI.[1] Qatar has recently signed defence pacts with the United States in 2002[2] and 2013[3] and with the United Kingdom, as well as with France earlier, in 1994. Qatar plays an active role in the collective defence efforts of the Gulf Cooperation Council; the other five members are Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, the UAE, and Oman. The presence of a large American military base in the country provides the country with a guaranteed source of defence and national security. SIPRI states that Qatar's plans to transform and significantly enlarge its armed forces have accelerated in 2014, and in 2010-14 Qatar was the 46th largest arms importer in the world. Orders in 2013 for 62 tanks and 24 self-propelled guns from Germany were followed in 2014 by a number of other contracts, including 24 combat helicopters and 3 AEW aircraft from the USA, and 2 tanker aircraft from Spain.[4]
History
The armed forces was founded in 1971 after the country gained independence from the United Kingdom.
Qatar took part in the Gulf War of 1991, with a battalion at the Battle of Khafji. It also hosted the 614th Tactical Fighter Squadron at Doha.[5]
In July 2008, the US Defence Security Cooperation Agency announced Qatar’s official request for logistics support, training, and associated equipment and services. The total value of the support arrangements could be as high as $400 million.
In March 2011, Qatar announced the participation of its Air Force in the enforcement of the Libyan no-fly zone.[6]
Army
This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2015) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Allies_train_in_Qatar_to_thwart_terrorism_130430-F-CJ989-002.jpg/220px-Allies_train_in_Qatar_to_thwart_terrorism_130430-F-CJ989-002.jpg)
The Qatar Emiri Land Force is the largest branch of the Qatar Armed Forces. Qatar maintains a modest military force of approximately 11,800 men; the army is made of 8,500 men. The lack of sufficient indigenous manpower to staff the army is a continuing problem, Qatari citizens constitute only 30 percent of the army, in which more than twenty nationalities are represented.
Initially outfitted with British weaponry, Qatar shifted much of its procurement to France during the 1980s in response to French efforts to develop closer relations. The tank battalion is equipped with French-built AMX-30 main battle tanks. Other armored vehicles include French AMX-10P APCs and the French VAB, adopted as the standard wheeled combat vehicle. The artillery unit has a few French 155mm self-propelled howitzers. The principal antitank weapons are French Milan and HOT wire-guided missiles.
Qatar had also illicitly acquired a few Stinger shoulder-fired SAMs, possibly from Afghan rebel groups, at a time when the United States was trying to maintain tight controls on Stingers in the Middle East. When Qatar refused to turn over the missiles, the United States Senate in 1988 imposed a ban on the sale of all weapons to Qatar. The ban was repealed in late 1990 when Qatar satisfactorily accounted for its disposition of the Stingers.
Qatari tank battalion fought in the Gulf war in 1991, their AMX-30's took part in the battle of Khafji. Qatari contingent, composed mostly of Pakistani recruits, acquitted itself well during the war.[7]
Qatar signed a contract with the German defence company Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW) for the delivery of 24 artillery systems PzH 2000 and 62 LEOPARD 2 main battle tanks.[8]
The US DSCA announces that Qatar wants to join its neighbor the UAE, and field 2 medium-range THAAD batteries of its own.
Their request is worth up to $6.5 billion, and includes up to 12 THAAD Launchers, 150 THAAD missiles, 2 THAAD Fire Control and Communications units, 2 AN/TPY-2 THAAD Radars, and 1 Early Warning Radar (EWR). The USA would also sell them the required trucks, generators, electrical power units, trailers, communications equipment, fire unit test & maintenance equipment, system integration and checkout, repair and return, training, and other support.[9]
Major Army units
- Royal Guard Brigade
- Infantry Battalion
- Infantry Battalion
- Infantry Battalion
- Qatari Army
- Special Forces Company
- Mechanized Infantry Battalion
- Mechanized Infantry Battalion
- Mechanized Infantry Battalion
- Mechanized Infantry Battalion
- Artillery Battalion
- Artillery Battery
- Artillery Battery
- Artillery Battery
- Artillery Battery
- Anti-aircraft Battery
- Armored Brigade
- Mortar Company
- Tank Battalion
- Mechanized Infantry Battalion
- Anti-tank Battalion
Tanks and vehicles
- 62x Leopard 2A7+ on order (option for up to 200 in total)[11][12]
- 30-44x AMX-30 MBT[13] - to be replaced by Leopard 2[11]
- 1x AMX-30D Recovery tank
- 36x MOWAG Piranha MK-II 8x8 CCTS-90mm turret[14]
- 4x MOWAG Piranha ARVs-recovery[15]
- 40x AMX-10P IFV[14]
- 158x Renault Trucks VAB 6x6 APC
- 4x Renault Trucks VAB\VPM-81 4x4 APC with 81mm mortar
- 24x Renault Trucks VAB 4x4\6x6 VCAC-HOT APC with MBDA HOT anti tank missile launcher[16]
- 32 Fennek light armored reconnaissance vehicles, on order
- 27x Renault Sherpa 2 Light tactical vehicle[17]
- 12x Giat AMX-10RC 105mm 6x6 ARV
- 30x Giat AMX-VCI IFV
- 8x Cadilac LAV V150 Commando 4x4 APC
- 6x AM General Humvee M1115A2 4x4
- 16x VBL 4x4 APC
- 32x Engesa EE-9 Cascavel 90mm 6x6 ARV
- 10x Daimler FV-701 Ferret 4x4 ARV -Status unknown
- 30x Alvis FV-603 Saracen 6x6 APC -Status unknown
- 5x Shepra APC
- Landrover
- Mercedes Benz Unimog U-4000\U-5000 trucks
- Iveco Stralis trucks
- 20x Thyssen Henschel UR-416 4x4 APC
- C4I System
Fire Support / Artillery
Name | Origin | Type | Number | Photo | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortars | ||||||
Artillery | ||||||
AMX F3 155mm | ![]() |
Self-propelled howitzer | 22 | ![]() |
Being replaced by PzH2000 | |
PzH 2000 155mm | ![]() |
Self-propelled howitzer | 24 | ![]() |
||
G5 155mm | ![]() |
Towed howitzer | 12 | ![]() |
G5 155mm towed howitzer[18] - to be replaced by PzH 2000[11] | |
BM-21 Grad 122mm | ![]() |
Multiple Rocket Launcher | Unknown | ![]() |
||
Astros II MLRS | ![]() |
Multiple Rocket Launcher | 3 | 127mm SS-30 or 180mm SS-40 | ||
HIMARS | ![]() |
Multiple Rocket Launcher | 7 | ![]() |
In December 2012, Qatar notified the U.S. of a possible Foreign Military Sale of 7 M142 HIMARS systems, as well as 60 M57 MGM-140 ATACMS Block 1A T2K unitary rockets and 30 M31A1 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) unitary rockets. The deal would cost an estimated $406 million.[19] |
- 30x L16 81mm Mortar
- 15x Brandt 120mm heavy mortar
- 40x Carl Gustav M2-550 84mm RCLs
- 48x MBDA HOT anti tank missile launchers with 1,000 missiles
- 100x MBDA MILAN anti tank missile launchers with 630 missiles
- Bofors AT4CS light ATRL
- Swingfire anti tank missile
- 50x FGM-148 Javelin CLUs with 500 anti tank missile on order[20]
Air-defence
Name | Origin | Type | Number | Photo | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anti-aircraft missiles | ||||||
Patriot PAC-3 | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 11 | ![]() |
In 2012 Qatar requested 11 Patriot PAC-3 launchers and 246 PATRIOT MIM-104E Guidance Enhanced Missiles.[21] | |
Rapier | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 18 | ![]() |
18 launchers with 250 missiles & 6 Blindfire Radars | |
Roland | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 9 | ![]() |
In 1986 Qatar ordered 3 self-propelled Roland 2 systems on the AMX-30R chassis and 6 shelter-mounted systems with 200 missiles. Deliveries were completed in 1989.[22] | |
THAAD | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 12 | ![]() |
In 2014 Qatar ordered 12 THAAD Launchers, 150 THAAD missiles, 2 THAAD Fire Control and Communications units, 2 AN/TPY-2 THAAD Radars, and 1 Early Warning Radar (EWR).[23] | |
Blowpipe | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 6 | 6 launchers with 50 missiles | ||
Mistral | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 24 | ![]() |
24 launchers with 500 missiles | |
Stinger | ![]() |
Surface-to-air missile | 12 | ![]() |
12 launchers with 60 missiles |
Small arms
- Heckler & Koch HK4
- SIG Sauer P226
- S&W Model 10
- Heckler & Koch MP5A3
- Sterling MK-IV\L2A3
- 3,000x M16A-1[24]
- 3,000x Colt CAR-15A1
- 100x Colt M4 carbine
- AK-47[25]
- Heckler & Koch HK21[26]
- 200x M203 grenade launcher, M203-PI
- Barrett M82A-1
- AKM
- M2 Browning machine gun
- Valmet M76
- Valmet M62
- Heckler & Koch G3A3
- FN FAL 50-00
- FN MAG 60-00\T-14
- FN Minimi
- Mosberg Model-700
Qatar Emiri Air Force
The Qatar Emiri Air Force was formed in 1974, three years after achieving independence from Great Britain in 1971. Initially equipped with ex-RAF Hawker Hunters, the air force soon began expansion with six Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jets in 1979. Fourteen Dassault Mirage F1 were delivered between 1980-84. After the Gulf War, Qatar's air force infrastructure was upgraded by France for $200 million, leading to the order of nine single seat Mirage 2000-5DEA multi-role combat aircraft and three two seat Mirage 2000-5DDA combat trainers in August 1994. Deliveries started in December 1997, and involved the buy back of the remaining 11 Mirage F1s by France that were later sold on to Spain.,[27] The current commander of the Qatar Emiri Air Force is Brigadier General Mubarak Mohammed Al Kumait Al Khayarin.
British pilots in Oman remain on duty with the air force, and French specialists are employed in a maintenance capacity. Nevertheless, an increasing number of young Qataris have been trained as pilots and technicians.
Its units include:
- No. 1 Fighter Wing
- No. 7 Air Superiority Squadron – Dassault Mirage 2000
- 9 single-seat Mirage 2000-5EDA
- 3 2000-5DDA trainers
- No. 11 Close Support Squadron – Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet
- No. 7 Air Superiority Squadron – Dassault Mirage 2000
- No. 2 Rotary Wing
- No. 6 Close Support Squadron – Eurocopter SA342
- No. 8 Anti-Surface Vessel Squadron – Westland Sea King Commando Mk 3
- No. 9 Multi-Role Squadron – Westland Sea King Commando Mk 2
- Qatar Amiri Flight – C-17 Globemaster III
As of January 1993, all the air force's aircraft were based at Doha International Airport.[28]
Air Force equipment
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mirage_F1_Qatar.jpg/220px-Mirage_F1_Qatar.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn.jpg/200px-Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn.jpg)
Aircraft | Origin | Type | Versions | In service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dassault Mirage 2000 | ![]() |
Multirole fighter | Mirage 2000-5 | 14 | Operated by the 7th Air Superiority Squadron, first delivery 1997 |
Dassault Rafale | ![]() |
Multirole fighter | Rafale | 0 | 18 single-seat and 6 two-seat versions on order (24)[29] |
Boeing F-15E | ![]() |
Strike fighter | 0 | In April 2016, Qatar requested the purchase of 36 Boeing F-15E Strike Eagle aircraft[30] | |
Boeing 737 AEW&C | ![]() |
Airborne early warning and control | Boeing 737 AEW/C | 0 | 3 on order[31] |
Airbus A330 MRTT | ![]() |
Aerial refuelling and transport | A330 MRTT | 0 | 2 on order[31] |
Dassault Falcon 900 | ![]() |
VIP transport | 2 | ||
Airbus 340 | ![]() |
VIP transport | 2 | ||
Airbus 320 |
![]() |
transport |
1 |
||
Airbus 310 |
![]() |
transport |
1 |
||
Airbus 300 |
![]() |
transport |
1 | ||
Boeing 747-SP |
![]() |
transport |
2 |
||
Boeing C-17 Globemaster III | ![]() |
Strategic air transport | C-17A | 4 | One aircraft operated by Qatar Amiri Flight, 4 entered service between 2009-2012. Four more are on order as of June 2015.[32] |
Boeing 707 | ![]() |
VIP transport | 2 | ||
Boeing 727 | ![]() |
VIP transport | 1 | ||
Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules | ![]() |
Tactical air transport | C-130J-30 | 4 | All entered service in 2011 |
Piper Cherokee | ![]() |
Training and Liaison | PA-28 Archer | 10 | |
Piper PA-34 Seneca | ![]() |
Training and Liaison | PA-34 Seneca | 4 | |
Pilatus PC-21 | ![]() |
Basic & Advanced Trainer aircraft | PC-21 | 0 | 24 on order[33] |
Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet | ![]() |
Advanced trainer/light attack | Alpha Jet E | 6 | Operated by the 6th Close Support Squadron |
Boeing AH-64 Apache | ![]() |
Attack helicopter | AH-64D | 0 | 24 on order[31] |
NHIndustries NH90 | ![]() |
Medium transport | NH-90 | 0 | 12 on order[31] |
NHIndustries NH90 | ![]() |
Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and Anti-surface unit warfare (ASuW) | NFH-90 | 0 | 10 on order[34] |
Westland Lynx-HC28 |
![]() |
Helicopter |
3 (status unknown) |
||
Aérospatiale Gazelle | ![]() |
Utility/attack helicopter | SA 342G (12)/L (2) | 14 | Operated by 6th Close Support Squadron |
Sikorsky UH-60R Sea Hawk |
![]() |
ASW helicopter |
6 ordered | ||
AgustaWestland AW139 | ![]() |
18 Tactical transport, 3 medivac | 21 | ||
Sikorsky S-92 | ![]() |
VIP transport | 2 | ||
Westland Commando | ![]() |
Transport/utility and maritime patrol helicopter | Commando 2A, 2C and 3 variants | 12-13 | Commando 2A/2C are operated by 9th Multirole Squadron Commando 3 are operated by 8th Anti Surface Vessel Squadron |
Historical Aircraft
- 15 Dassault Mirage F1 DDA (3)\Mirage F-1EDA (12)
France-sold to Spain.
- 4 Hawker Hunter FGA-78 (3) \T-79 (1)
United Kingdom
- 2 BAC EEC Canberra B.2
United Kingdom-Loan from RAF
- 1 Vickers VC-10
United Kingdom
- 2 Westland Whirlwind WS-55 Srs-3
United Kingdom
Missiles
- 144x MBDA Mica-RF
France
- 272x MBDA Magic-II R.55O
France
- Matra\MBDA R.530
France
- 128x MBDA AS-30L
France
- 5x MBDA AM-39 Exocet
France
- 225x Euromissile HOT ATGM (for SA-342 Attack Helicopters)
France\
Germany
- 50x Apache Black Pearl ASM (for Mirage 2000-5)
France
Other equipment
- 6x TRS-2100 Tiger radars
France
- TTL BTT-3 Banashee target drone
United Kingdom
Future aircraft
- In July 2008, Qatar’s Emiri Air Force signed a EUR 260 million (currently about $400 million) contract with AgustaWestland for 18 AW139 medium twin helicopters (formerly the AB139, until the Bell partnership dissolved in 2005).[35] The helicopters will be used for utility tasks, troop transport, search and rescue, border patrol, special forces operations, law enforcement and homeland security. Three additional aircraft were ordered in March 2011 for Medivac services.[36]
- As of January 2011, the Air Force is evaluating the Eurofighter Typhoon, the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, the Boeing F-15E and the Dassault Rafale to replace its current fighter inventory of Dassault Mirage 2000-5s. The total order will be between 24–36 aircraft with a procurement decision to be made by the end of 2012.[37]
In May 2015, the Air Force signed a deal for 24 Dassault Rafale fighters worth €6.3 billion ($7 billion). This deal makes Qatar the third export customer for the fighter after Egypt and India.[38]
Government of Qatar has signed an agreement with Boeing to buy additional four C-17 Globemaster III airlifters, aimed to support Qatar Armed Forces' (QAF) ongoing airlift requirements.[39]
Navy
Qatar has a small 1,800-man navy, including its marine police force and coastal defence artillery. Since 1990, the Qatari Navy has increased its manpower.
The main navy bases are located in Doha and Halul Island.[40] The commander of the Navy is Commodore Mohammed Nasser al-Mohanadi.
Boats
- 4 Vosper patrol boats – 120 tons full load
United Kingdom
- 4 Vosper Thornycroft Vita-class Fast Attack Craft – 480 tons full load – 8 x MM40 Exocet missiles (+8 Mistral SAMs), 1 x Goalkeeper gun, 1 x 76mm gun.
United Kingdom
- 3 Combattante III Fast Attack Craft – 430 tons full load – 8 x MM40 Exocet missiles, 1 x 76mm gun, 2 x 40mm guns, 4 x 30mm guns
France
- 6 Vosper 110 ft. class PCs
United Kingdom
- 6 Damen Polycat 1,450 class PCs
- 2 Keith Nelson type 44 ft.class PCs
- 2 Fairey Marine Interceptor class PCs
United Kingdom
- 4 MV-45 class PCs
- 25 Fairy Marine Spear class
United Kingdom
- 5 P-1500 class PCs
- 4 DV-15 class PCs
- 3 Helmatic M-160 class PCs
- 1 Robha class LCT (3x MBTs\100 men)
Auxiliary
- 2 Halmatic (Vosper Thornycroft) Pilot craft
- 4 Rotrork craft
Special Maritime Forces
- 11 fast interceptor boats
Qatar
Missiles and Equipment
- MBDA Exocet MM40 Block-III (x70)\ MM-40 (x220)\ MM-38 SSMs
France
- MBDA Mistral SAMs
France
- 4x Goalkeeper anti missile\aircraft gun
Netherlands
- 4x Stingeo ship sensor
Netherlands
- 4x Exocet coast defense batteries
France
- 4x 76\72 Compact-weapon system
Italy
- 4x MMR-3D Radar
France
Future Acquisitions
The patrol boat program calls for the delivery of six patrol boats with the first unit beginning construction in 2012 and being delivered by 2014. Although the proposals for the corvette program are due in the near-term as well, AMI believes that the four corvettes may not begin construction for several more years as Damen/Nakilat may want to gain some experience with the smaller 62-meter patrol boat hulls prior to moving on the larger Sigma hulls. If the QENF wishes to move the corvette program forward to an earlier date, it could start some of the hull blocks at Nakilat and/or at Damen in the Netherlands much earlier.[41]
The Qatar Coast Guard Services placed an order for 17 new fast patrol boast from Turkish company ARES Shipyard. The deal of 17 vessels consists in 10x "ARES 110 Hercules" multi-role patrol craft 117 tons, 5x "ARES 75 Hercules" multi-role patrol craft 58 tons and 2x "ARES 150 Hercules" multi-role patrol craft 245 tons. These Fast Patrol Boats will be constructed using advanced composite materials and are expected to be completed within the next 5 years.[42]
March 31, 2014. Nakilat Damen Shipyards Qatar (NDSQ) and Qatar Armed Forces have signed two MoUs for the construction of seven vessels at Qatar’s premier shipyard ($851 million). The MoUs signed by NDSQ and Qatar Armed Forces concern six 50m-long axe-bow high-speed patrol vessels and one 52m-long diving support vessel for the Qatar Armed Forces. The diving support vessel includes decompression capabilities. A large Integrated Logistic Support package is also mentioned in the MoUs.[43]
June 16, 2016. Qatar has signed a letter of agreement with Italian shipyard Fincantieri to build four 100 m. corvettes (3,000 tonnes and have a helicopter deck and hangar, weapons: Aster 30 in vertical launchers and short-range Raytheon RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missiles. Their other armament will consist of MBDA Excocet MM40 Block 3 anti-ship missiles, a single 76 mm Super Rapid gun, and two 30 mm guns), a Landing Helicopter Dock (The LPD will be similar to the Fincantieri built Algerian amphibious transport dock Kalaat Béni Abbès and two Offshore Patrol Boats. The deal has a worth of €4.9 billion.[44]
See also
References
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{{cite web}}
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