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Chess.com, LLC
Chess.com homepage
Type of businessInternet chess server, Social media website
Type of site
Internet chess server
Available in57 languages
List of languages
Afrikaans, azərbaycanca, Bahasa, Indonesia, Bahasa, Melayu, bosanski, Català, čeština, Dansk, Deutsch, eesti, English, Español, Français, Galego, Hrvatski, Íslenska, Italiano, Kiswahili, latviešu, lietuvių, Magyar, Nederlands, Norsk, Oʻzbekcha, Pilipino, polski, Português, Português, (BR), Română, shqipe, slovenčina, slovenščina, suomi, Svenska, Tagalog, Tiếng Việt, Türkmençe, Tϋrkçe, Vlaams, Ελληνικά, Белару́ская, Български, Русский, Српски, Українська, ქართული, Հայերեն, עברית, العربية, فارسی, हिन्दी, বাংলা, (baɛṅlā), 한국어, 中文, 中文（中華人民共和國香港特別行政區）, 中文（台灣）, 日本語
FoundedMay 2007; 17 years ago (2007-05)
Headquarters
United States of America
Founder(s)
  • Erik Allebest
  • Jay Severson
Key people
  • Erik Allebest (Co-founder & CEO)
  • Jay Severson (Co-founder & Chief Technical Advisor)
  • Daniel Rensch (Chief Chess Officer)
  • Brenan Klain (Chief Marketing Officer)
IndustryInternet
Employees400+[1]
URLwww.chess.com
RegistrationOptional
Users93 million+
Current statusActive
Written inJava,[2] JavaScript, PHP

Chess.com is an internet chess server, news website and social networking website.[3] The site has a freemium model in which some features are available for free, and others are available for accounts with subscriptions. Live online chess can be played against other users in daily, rapid, blitz or bullet time controls, with a number of chess variants also available. Chess versus a chess engine, computer analysis, chess puzzles and teaching resources are also offered.

One of the largest chess platforms in the world,[4] Chess.com has hosted online tournaments including Titled Tuesdays, the PRO Chess League, the Speed Chess Championships, PogChamps, and computer vs. computer events.

History

  • 1995: The domain Chess.com was originally set up by Aficionado, a company based in Berkeley, California, to sell a piece of chess tutoring software called "Chess Mentor".[5]
  • 2005: Internet entrepreneur Erik Allebest and partner Jarom ("Jay") Severson bought the domain name and assembled a team of software developers to redevelop the site as a chess portal.
  • 2007: The site was relaunched.[3] The site was heavily promoted via social media.
  • 2009: Chess.com announced a takeover of a similar chess social networking site, chesspark.com. Chesspark founders Jack Moffitt and Brian Zisk had moved to work on a web search startup.[6]
  • October 2013: Chess.com acquired the Amsterdam-based chess news site chessvibes.com, which provided coverage for chess tournaments. It was founded and owned by Dutch chess journalist Peter Doggers in February 2006.[7][8]
  • 2014: The site announced that over a billion live games had been played on the site, including 100 million correspondence games.[9]
  • January 2016: Chess.com announced "v3", the two-year overhaul of its previous interface. The site introduced new features including computer analysis of games, and the chess variants of crazyhouse, three-check chess, king of the hill, chess960 and bughouse.[10]
  • June 2017: The 2,147,483,647th (= 231-1) game was played, which caused the iOS app to stop working for those with 32-bit Apple devices. This occurred because of an integer overflow problem whereby the number was too large to be represented in the number of storage bits that were used.[11][12][13]
  • May 2018: Chess.com announced that it had acquired the 3300+ Elo-rated commercial chess engine Komodo, then ranked 3rd behind Stockfish and Houdini.[14] In conjunction, the Komodo team announced the addition of the probabilistic method of Monte Carlo tree search machine learning, the same methods used by the recent chess projects AlphaZero and Leela Chess Zero.[15]
  • November 2020: Chess.com acquired the rights to broadcast the World Chess Championship 2021, which is broadcast on live streaming platform Twitch.[16]
  • April 2022: After publishing two articles that were critical of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, and replacing Russian flags with a link to one of these articles, Chess.com was blocked in Russia. The site had blocked Sergey Karjakin over his support for the invasion, and Karjakin in turn supported Russia's block of the website.[17][18][19][20]
  • August 2022: The Play Magnus Group accepted an offer to be acquired by Chess.com. The acquisition is scheduled to take place within eight weeks of the agreement at a value of 800 million kr (US$80 million). According to Dot Esports, the Play Magnus Group was only making a "sustainable profit" on Chessable and the merge left "no other realistic chess competitor" except the free, open-source Lichess.[21][22]
  • September 2022 - present: A controversy erupted around cheating in professional chess games, including accusations by grandmaster Magnus Carlsen against Hans Niemann.[23][24] Leaked emails revealed that some people cheated on the Chess.com platform in games involving prize money and that Chess.com removed some players' accounts, including grandmaster Maxim Dlugy, who had been found to be cheating.[25]
  • November 2022: The Chess.com Global Championship was inaugurated with a $1,000,000 prize pool.[26] 8 players that advanced from the CGC Knockout competed for a $500,000 total prize fund and Global Champion title in the finals taking place in Toronto, Canada. Wesley So became the first Chess.com Global Champion, defeating Nihal Sarin in the finals with a match score of 4.5-1.5.[27]

Features

Chess.com operates a freemium business model: main site features are free but others are limited or unavailable in some respects until a subscription is paid.[28]

Visitors to the site can play on a live chess server and correspondence style games, called "daily chess" on the site. Players may also play against chess engines (computer chess), and participate in what the site calls "vote chess", in which players form teams and vote on the best move. Additional features include tactics training, puzzle rush, chess forums, articles, videos, lessons, chess news, downloads, opening databases, groups, live broadcasts,[29] daily puzzles, team matches, online coaching and a game database of over 2 million games.

The company publishes a large number of articles on a variety of chess-related topics, including chess strategy, opening theory and history. Regular contributors include Gregory Serper, Bruce Pandolfini, Sam Shankland, Dan Heisman, Jeremy Silman, Simon Williams, Daniel Naroditsky, Natalia Pogonina and Daniel Rensch.[30]

Users can play a number of variants on the live server, including crazyhouse, three-check, four-player, king of the hill, chess960, atomic, racing kings and bughouse.

Chess.com has a policy against the use of chess engines in all forms of the game, except where "specifically permitted (such as a computer tournament)".[31] It utilizes algorithms and statistical data to catch players using engines in games and bans many on a daily basis,[32] and employs six moderators to prevent cheating.[4]

Subsidiary companies

ChessKid.com

For the Australian company, see Chess Kids.

Chess.com also runs the subsidiary site chesskid.com for chess players of all ages. ChessKid focuses on a child-friendly environment aimed towards chess improvement for beginners to club players. It also has a guardianship program in which parents and authorized coaches can overlook the child's progress over time, to see statistics about their progress in tactics or how many videos they watched so that they can give encouragement and tips on how to improve.[33] ChessKid features no advertising.

ChessKid.com has run a yearly online championship called CONIC (the ChessKid Online National Invitational Championship), since 2012 which is recognized by the United States Chess Federation.[34][35] According to David Petty, the event organizer in 2013,

The online component [of CONIC] makes it unique because, normally, national championships require the players to fly in and stay in the same place. We had to ask special permission for the tournament because it is a rated tournament and there is a much higher chance for cheating.

ChessKid has made agreements and partnerships with chess associations to bring the educational benefit of chess to children in schools. In 2014, for a trial period, all signups to the ICA (Illinois Chess Association) included a free gold member subscription to ChessKid.[33] They also have a long-term partnership with the NTCA (North Texas Chess Academy) which gives children access to online instructors.[36]

Tournaments and events

US Chess League

Main article: United States Chess League § 2013

The USCL was a nationwide national chess league in the United States between 2005 and 2016. Chess.com hosted the event in 2013.[37]

PRO Chess League

Main article: Professional Rapid Online Chess League

The PRO Chess League was the result of the US Chess League changing its name and format, with faster time controls and a focus on the flexibility of forming and managing teams.[38] Chess.com has hosted the PCL twice starting in 2017, having a regular and a summer series.[39]

Winner Runner-up Final Score
2017[40] St. Louis Arch Bishops Norway Gnomes 9 - 7
2018[41] Armenia Eagles Chengdu Pandas 12 - 11
2019[42] St. Louis Arch Bishops Baden-Baden Snowballs 10 - 6
2020 St. Louis Arch Bishops Canada Chessbrahs/Chengdu Pandas

Titled Tuesdays

Titled Tuesday is a 11-round Swiss-system 3+1 blitz chess tournament held on every Tuesday.[43] Grandmaster participants include Hikaru Nakamura, Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, Alexander Grischuk, Dmitry Andreikin, Wesley So, and Fabiano Caruana.[43] The first event was held on October 28, 2014, with a prize fund of $500 and was won by Baadur Jobava.[44] The prize fund was gradually upgraded to $5000 per week.[45] GM Hikaru Nakamura has won the most events with (as of September 2022) a total of 35 tournament wins since October 2020, followed by GMs Dmitry Andreikin and Jeffery Xiong with 9,[45] Magnus Carlsen has won three of the events in which he has partaken as of 2017.[46]

In June 2018, Chess.com held a special version of the tournament for which the winner would go on to participate in the Isle of Man International which had a prize fund of £144,000.[47] Iranian GM Pouria Darini won the event.[48]

Speed Chess Championships

Chess.com has held six Speed Chess Championships since 2016, all involving a single-elimination tournament featuring some of the world's best players in matches that continue on in the vein of the Death Match format, with the addition of one chess960 game each time control. Nakamura has won four championships, while Carlsen has won two.[49]

Winner Runner-up Final Score Prize Fund
2016[50] Magnus Carlsen Hikaru Nakamura 14.5–10.5 $40,000
2017[51] Magnus Carlsen Hikaru Nakamura 18–9 $50,000
2018[52] Hikaru Nakamura Wesley So 15.5–12.5 $55,000
2019[53] Hikaru Nakamura Wesley So 19.5–14.5 $50,000
2020[54] Hikaru Nakamura Maxime Vachier-Lagrave 18.5–12.5 $100,000
2021[55] Hikaru Nakamura Wesley So 23–8 $100,000

Death Matches

Death Matches were introduced in January 2012. They feature titled players taking part in a series of blitz games over a non-stop 3-hour period (5-minute, 3-minute and 1-minute, all with a one-second increment).[56] There have been 38 deathmatches, participants including the grandmasters Hikaru Nakamura, Dmitry Andreikin, Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, Lê Quang Liêm, Wesley So, Fabiano Caruana, Judit Polgár and Nigel Short.[57]

Chess.com Computer Chess Championship

In November 2017, Chess.com held an open tournament, called the Chess.com Computer Chess Championship (CCCC, later CCC), with the ten strongest chess engines, with $2,500 in prize money. The top-two engines competed in a "Superfinale" tournament between the two finalists - Stockfish and Houdini. In the 20-game Superfinal, Stockfish won over Houdini with a score 10.5-9.5. Five games were decisive, with 15 ending in a draw. Of the decisive games, three games were won by Stockfish, and two by Houdini.[58][59]

In August 2018, the site announced that the Chess.com Computer Chess Championship has returned, this time as a non-stop tournament for chess engines.[60][61]

Main Events
Event Year Time Controls Winner Runner-up Ref
Computer Chess Championship 2017 15+2 Stockfish (1) Houdini [59][58]
CCC 1: Rapid Rumble 2018 15+5 Stockfish (2) Houdini [62]
CCC 2: Blitz Battle 2018 5+2 Stockfish (3) Komodo [63]
CCC 3: Rapid Redux 2019 30+5 Stockfish (4) Leela Chess Zero [64]
CCC 4: Bullet Brawl 2019 1+2 Stockfish (5) Leela Chess Zero [65]
CCC 5: Escalation 2019 10+5 Stockfish (6) Leela Chess Zero [66]
CCC 6: Winter Classic 2019 10+10 Stockfish (7) Leela Chess Zero [67]
CCC 7: Blitz Bonanza 2019 5+2 Leela Chess Zero (1) Stockfish [68]
CCC 8: Deep Dive 2019 15+5 Stockfish (8) Leela Chess Zero [69]
CCC 9: The Gauntlet 2019 5+2, 10+5 Stockfish (9) Leelenstein [70]
CCC 10: Double Digits 2019 10+3 Leelenstein (1) Stockfish [71]
CCC 11 2019 30+5 Leela Chess Zero (2) Stockfish [72]
CCC 12: Bullet Madness! 2020 1+1 Leela Chess Zero (3) Leelenstein [73]
CCC 13: Heptagonal 2020 5+5 Leela Chess Zero (4) Stockfish [74]
CCC 14 2020 15+5, 5+2, 1+1 Leela Chess Zero (5) Leelenstein [75]
CCC Blitz 2020 2020 5+5 Stockfish (10) Leela Chess Zero [76]
CCC Rapid 2021 2021 15+3 Stockfish (11) Leela Chess Zero [77]
CCC Blitz 2021 2021 5+5 Stockfish (12) Leela Chess Zero [78]
CCC Chess 960 Blitz 2021 5+5 Stockfish (13) Dragon [79]
CCC 16: Rapid 2021 15+3 Stockfish (14) Leela Chess Zero [80]
CCC 16: Bullet 2021 2+1 Stockfish (15) Dragon [81]
CCC 16: Blitz 2022 5+5 Stockfish (16) Dragon [82]
CCC 17: Rapid 2022 15+3 Stockfish (17) Dragon [83]
CCC 17: Bullet 2022 2+1 Stockfish (18) Dragon [84]
CCC 17: Blitz 2022 5+5 Stockfish (19) Leela Chess Zero [85]
CCC 18: Rapid 2022 15+3 Stockfish (20) Leela Chess Zero [86]
CCC 19: Blitz 2022 5+5 Stockfish (21) Dragon [87]
Bonus
Event Year Time Controls Winner Runner-up Ref
CPU Blitz Madness 2020 3+2 Stockfish an older version of Stockfish [88]
Trillion-Node Throwdown III 2020 150+5 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero on the CPU [89]
No-Castle II 2020 5+2 Stockfish an older version of Stockfish [90]
Bullet Chess is Fun 2020 2+1 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [91]
Checkmate in 4 2020 3+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [92]
Odds Ladder 2020 3+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [93]
Merry Queen Sac 2020 2+1 Stockfish Stoofvlees [94]
Budapest Bullet 2020 2+1 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [95]
King Gambit Madness 2021 5+5 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [96]
Drawkiller Update Party 2021 2+1 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [97]
To Castle Or Not To Castle II 2021 3+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [98]
Eco Mega-Match 2 (part 1) 2021 1+1 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [99]
Eco Mega-Match 2 (part 2) 2021 1+1 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [100]
Caro-Kann Special 2021 5+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [101]
King's Indian Defense Special 2021 10+2 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [102]
Dutch Defense Special 2021 10+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [103]
Evans Gambit Madness 2021 10+2 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [104]
Sicilian Najdorf Special 2021 10+2 Stockfish Dragon [105]
Belgian Stew 2021 2+1 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [106]
Saragossa 2021 2+1 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [107]
Double Bongcloud, Rapid 2021 10+2 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [108]
The Hillbilly Attack 2021 10+2 Leela Chess Zero Dragon [109]
Romantic Openings: Danish Gambit Accepted 2021 3+2 Stockfish Dragon [110]
Romantic Openings: Evans Gambit Accepted 2021 3+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [111]
Romantic Openings: Urusov Gambit Accepted 2021 5+2 Stockfish Dragon [112]
Romantic Openings: Blackmar-Diemer Gambit 2021 5+2 Stockfish Dragon [113]
Romantic Openings: Stafford Gambit 2021 1+2 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [114]
Romantic Openings: Calabrese Countergambit 2021 5+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [115]
Romantic Openings: Traxler Counterattack 2021 5+2 Leela Chess Zero Stockfish [116]
No Black Castling 2022 5+5 Stockfish Dragon [117]
Draw Killer 2022 15+5 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [118]
Romantic Openings: Wing Gambit 2022 5+2 Stockfish Leela Chess Zero [119]

PogChamps

Main article: PogChamps

Chess.com has hosted PogChamps, an amateur online tournament featuring Twitch streamers, since 2020. The first PogChamps featured notable streamers including xQcOW, MoistCr1TiKaL, Ludwig Ahgren, and forsen. Notable new participants from PogChamps 2 included itsHafu and Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson.[120] PogChamps 3, beginning in February 2021, debuted with a wider range of Internet personalities and celebrities, with new competitors including MrBeast, Neekolul, Myth, Pokimane, actor Rainn Wilson, and rapper Logic.

See also

References

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External links

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