Gdov
Gdov
Гдов | |
|---|---|
 15th-century church of Derzhavnaya Mother of God (destroyed during World War II; restored in the 1980s) | |
_(1781).png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Gdov  | |
  Gdov Location of Gdov  Gdov Gdov (Pskov Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 58°45′N 27°49′E / 58.750°N 27.817°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Pskov Oblast |
| Administrative district | Gdovsky District[1] |
| Elevation | 40 m (130 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 4,379 |
| • Capital of | Gdovsky District[1] |
| • Municipal district | Gdovsky Municipal District[3] |
| • Urban settlement | Gdovskoye Urban Settlement[3] |
| • Capital of | Gdovsky Municipal District, Gdovskoye Urban Settlement[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 181600 |
| OKTMO ID | 58608101001 |
Gdov (Russian: Гдов; Estonian: Oudova) is a town and the administrative center of Gdovsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia,[1] situated on the Gdovka River, just 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from its outflow into Lake Peipus. Municipally, it is incorporated as Gdovskoye Urban Settlement in Gdovsky Municipal District.[3] Population: 5,171 (2002 Census);[6] 6,009 (1989 Soviet census).[7]
History
Gdov was founded in the 14th century, as an outpost guarding the city of Pskov.[8] Between 1431 and 1434, Pskovians built a fortress there, the remains of which can still be seen. It was attacked on numerous occasions by Swedes and Poles (e.g., during the Russo–Swedish War (1590–1595) and the Ingrian War), captured by Swedes in 1614, but was finally returned to Russia in 1617 according to the Treaty of Stolbovo.[9][10]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). Gdov was mentioned as one of the towns into which the governorate was divided. In 1780, Gdov was granted town status;[9] its coat of arms was granted on May 28, 1781. Between 1874 and 1912, Gdov issued Zemstvo stamps. The first stamp, worth two kopecks, appeared on April 16, 1874. Stamp production ceased, however, with the coming of World War I. In 1919, Gdov was an area where important events of the Civil War in Russia and the Estonian War of Independence were taking place. Originally, the area east of Lake Peipus was under control of the revolutionary government. On May 15, 1919 the detachment under command of Stanislav Bulak-Balakhovich (subordinate to General Rodzianko) captured Gdov, and the whole Uyezd thus came under control by the White Army troops of Nikolai Yudenich. In November 1919, the Red Army recaptured Gdov.[11]
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished, and Gdovsky District was established, with the center in the town of Gdov. It included parts of former Gdovsky Uyezd. The governorates were abolished as well, and the district belonged to Luga Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930 the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts became directly subordinate to the oblast. Between March 22, 1935 and September 19, 1940 Gdovsky District was a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast, one of the okrugs formed at the state boundaries of Soviet Union. On March 11, 1941 Slantsevsky District was split off Gdovsky District. Between August, 1941, and February, 1944 Gdovsky District was occupied by German troops. The town was seriously damaged during the war, and partially restored afterwards. On August 23, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Pskov Oblast.[12]
Restricted access
Gdov is included into border security zone, intended to protect the borders of Russian Federation from unwanted activity. In order to visit the zone, a permit issued by the local FSB department is required.[13]
Economy
Industry
The economy of Gdov is based on food and timber industries.[14]
Transportation
A railway connects Gdov via Slantsy with Veymarn. Originally, the railway connected Pskov with Veymarn. It was destroyed during World War II, and the stretch between Gdov and Pskov was never rebuilt.
Gdov is connected by roads with Pskov, Kingisepp via Slantsy, and Plyussa. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Gdov.
Military installations
An active military base, Smuravyevo, was located northeast of the town.
Culture and recreation
Gdov contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twelve objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[15] The federal monuments are archaeological sites. Gdov has a kremlin - an ancient fortress, built in the 14th century. Only fragments of original fortress walls survived. The Saint Dimitry Cathedral was destroyed in 1944 and reconstructed in the 1990s.
The only state museum in the district is the Museum of Gdov Region History. It was founded in 1919, destroyed during the German occupation of Gdov, and re-created after World War II. The museum hosts historical and local interest collections.[16]
Notable people
- Hieromartyr Benjamin, bishop of Gdov
- Archbishop Dimitry of Gdov (also Demetrius) (arrested in 1929, at the age of 75; later executed in 1938 after eight years of solitary confinement in the Yaroslavl prison)
Gallery
-
The church in the 19th century -
Karl Marx Street, the main street in Gdov -
Gdov railway station -
DT1 train in Gdov railway station
References
- ^ a b c d e Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 58 208 501 6», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 58 208 501 6, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
2010Censuswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d Law #420-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ a b Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 106. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ a b "Gdov". Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
- ^ "История района" (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
- ^ Ратьковский, И.С. (2001). "История Советской России" (in Russian). Лань. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "Гдовский район (авг. 1927 - авг. 1944)" (in Russian). Справочник истории административно-территориального деления Ленинградской области. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
- ^ "Приказ ФСБ РФ от 2 июня 2006 года N 242 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Псковской области"; Приказ ФСБ России от 21 апреля 2007 г. N 201 "О внесении изменения в приказ ФСБ России 2 июня 2006 года N 242 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Псковской области"". Rossiyskaya Gazeta (in Russian). 2006.
- ^ "Экономика" (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved May 23, 2012.
- ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ "Гдовский музей истории края" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
Sources
- Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №833-оз от 5 февраля 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Псковской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №20, 10 февраля 2009 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #833-oz of February 5, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №420-оз от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области», в ред. Закона №1542-ОЗ от 5 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Псковской области "Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №41–43, №44–46, №49–51, 4 марта 2005 г., 5 марта 2005 г., 11 марта 2005 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #420-oz of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast, as amended by the Law #1542-OZ of June 5, 2015 On Amending the Law of Pskov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links