Srednekolymsk
| Srednekolymsk (English) Среднеколымск (Russian) Орто Халыма (Yakut) |
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_Republic_(2008-03).svg) Location of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia |
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 Srednekolymsk
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| Town Day | September 15[citation needed] |
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic |
| Administrative district | Srednekolymsky District[citation needed] |
| Administrative center of | Srednekolymsky District[citation needed] |
| Municipal status | |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Yury Yudin[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 3,525 inhabitants[1] |
| Time zone | MAGT (UTC+12:00)[2] |
| Founded | 1643[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 678790[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41156[citation needed] |
Srednekolymsk (Russian: Среднеколы́мск; Sakha: Орто Халыма) is a town and the administrative center of Srednekolymsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 1,485 kilometers (923 mi) northeast of Yakutsk on the left bank of the Kolyma River. Population: 3,525 (2010 Census);[1] 3,587 (2002 Census);[3] 4,489 (1989 Census).[4]
Contents |
History [edit]
When the Russians arrived in the 1640s they built three forts on the Kolyma: Nizhnekolymsk, Srednekolymsk, and Verkhnekolymsk (lower, middle and upper Kolymsk). They were about three days sled journey apart. Nizhnekolymsk was on the delta near the route to Anadyrsk. Srednekolymsk was at the head of navigation by sea-going koches, in forested country for good fur trapping and on the overland route to the Indigirka River. Verkhnekolymsk was smaller and upriver. The first fort (ostrog) was founded by Mikhail Stadukhin in 1643. Some say that this was Nizhnekolymsk, but Fisher[5] thinks that the original fort was Srednekolymsk and that the main Russian center was moved to Nizhnekolymsk by 1655 when the Anadyrsk route became important.
At some point the name was Yarmanka, from the Russian word for a fair, referring to the annual gatherings of indigenous inhabitants of the area here in spring. The settlement grew over the next century, and was given town status and its present name (meaning town on the middle Kolyma) in 1775. The town was a destination for political exiles during the era of the Russian Empire.
Economy and infrastructure [edit]
The town is largely reliant on farming of reindeer, hunting for pelts, and fishing.
Climate [edit]
Sredne-Kolymsk has a dry subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc/Dfd) with mild, sometimes hot even very hot but short summers and extremely brutal winters with almost no snowfall. The winter lasts from October until May, and temperatures rise rapidly enough for Siberian larch trees to be able to grow during the fleeting summer, before falling rapidly again in August and September. Temperatures often do not exceed 0 °C (32 °F) between late September and early May.
| Climate data for Srednekolymsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) |
−14 (7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
12.2 (54) |
28.4 (83.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
36.0 (96.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−8 (18) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −34.4 (−29.9) |
−30.9 (−23.6) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.9 (66) |
14.8 (58.6) |
7.1 (44.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−31.7 (−25.1) |
−8 (18) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −37.9 (−36.2) |
−34.8 (−30.6) |
−26.7 (−16.1) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−1.1 (30) |
11.2 (52.2) |
13.9 (57) |
10.1 (50.2) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−11.1 (12) |
−27.2 (−17) |
−35.1 (−31.2) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −41.4 (−42.5) |
−38.7 (−37.7) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−38.5 (−37.3) |
−17.1 (1.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −59 (−74) |
−60 (−76) |
−54 (−65) |
−51 (−60) |
−30 (−22) |
−11 (12) |
−2 (28) |
−6 (21) |
−13 (9) |
−36 (−33) |
−49 (−56) |
−58 (−72) |
−60 (−76) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.51) |
9 (0.35) |
7 (0.28) |
6 (0.24) |
8 (0.31) |
25 (0.98) |
32 (1.26) |
27 (1.06) |
17 (0.67) |
16 (0.63) |
15 (0.59) |
13 (0.51) |
188 (7.39) |
| Source: Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System[6] | |||||||||||||
References [edit]
- ^ a b "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Raymond H Fisher, 'The Voyage of Semon Dezhnev,1981
- ^ "RUS YAKUTSKAYA - SREDNE-KOLYMSK". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
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