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| Yelets (English) Елец (Russian) |
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| - City[citation needed] - | |
.svg) Location of Lipetsk Oblast in Russia |
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 Yelets
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| Coordinates: 52°37′00″N 38°28′00″E / 52.6166667°N 38.4666667°ECoordinates: 52°37′00″N 38°28′00″E / 52.6166667°N 38.4666667°E | |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Lipetsk Oblast |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Yelets Urban Okrug[citation needed] |
| Head[citation needed] | Viktor Sokovukh[citation needed] |
| Representative body | Council of Deputies[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 65 km2 (25 sq mi)[citation needed] |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
108,404 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 151st |
| Population (2002 Census) | 116,726 inhabitants[2] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 138th |
| Density | 1,668 /km2 (4,320 /sq mi)[3] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1146[citation needed] |
| City status since | September 16, 1778[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 399770—399788[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 47467[citation needed] |
Yelets (Russian: Еле́ц) is a city in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Sosna River, which is a tributary of the Don. Population: 108,404 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 116,726 (2002 Census);[2] 120,261 (1989 Census).[5]
[edit] History
Yelets is the oldest center of the Central Black Earth Region. It is mentioned in historical documents as far back as 1146, when it belonged to the Princes of Ryazan. The town's position at the very south of Russian lands made it an easy prey for Turkic conquerors. The Mongols burned it in 1239, Uzbeg Khan ravaged it in 1316, Timur sacked it in 1395, and the Tatars devastated it in 1414.
In 1483, the Principality of Yelets was absorbed by Muscovy, while the local Rurikid rulers (last heard of in the 19th century) entered the service of Ivan III. In 1591, Boris Godunov revived the largely deserted town by establishing a fortress there. In 1618, the fortress was captured "by subterfuge" by 20,000 Cossacks under Petro Konashevych, allied with Wladyslaw IV of Poland. They dismantled a large part of town fortifications.
In the 19th century, Yelets became the largest trade center of the region. Handmade lace has been a notable product of the city since then; other important industries are grain milling and the manufacture of machinery. The town's chief landmark is the vast Ascension Cathedral, built over the years 1845–1889 to a Neo-Muscovite design by Konstantin Thon. It is the only church by Thon to survive the Soviet years more or less intact. The town was occupied and damaged by the Nazis in 1941.
[edit] Modern Yelets
The city is connected to Moscow, Lipetsk, Oryol, and Rostov by rail and the M4 highway runs past it.
The main industries are limestone quarrying, engineering, food processing, textiles and clothing (Yelts Lace), tobacco processing, and vodka distilling.
The city has a theater, movie theaters, and several sports venues.
The Yelets State University was upgraded from an institute in 2000 and the city has eight secondary schools.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
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