Southern Ukraine campaign: Difference between revisions

Kherson offensive
	Part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
	Map of the Russian-occupied territory and military advances in Kherson Oblast as of 1 March
Date	24 February 2022 – present; (2 years, 8 months, 1 week and 6 days)
Location	Kherson Oblast, Mykolaiv Oblast, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Crimea
Result	Ongoing Russian forces capture Kherson, Melitopol, Nova Kakhovka, Oleshky and Berdyansk.; Russian forces encircled and capture a part of Mykolaiv.;
Belligerents
Russia	Ukraine
Commanders and leaders
Vladimir Putin; Mikhail Mishustin; Valery Gerasimov; Oleg Salyukov; Nikolai Yevmenov; Sergey Dronov	Volodymyr Zelenskyy; Denys Shmyhal; Valerii Zaluzhnyi; Oleksandr Syrskyi
Units involved
Russian Armed Forces 58th Combined Arms Army 42nd Guards Motor Rifle Division; ; 8th Combined Arms Army 20th Guards Motor Rifle Division; ; 22nd Army Corps 126th Coastal Defense Brigade; ; Russian Airborne Forces 7th Guards Mountain Air Assault Division; ; Special Operations Forces;	Armed Forces of Ukraine Ukrainian Ground Forces; Irregular civilian volunteers (militia)
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown

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Revision as of 21:07, 4 March 2022

The Kherson offensive is an ongoing theatre of operation in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine for control over Southern Ukraine.^[10] The offensive began on 24 February, after Russian Armed Forces crossed the border into Ukraine and were subsequently engaged by the Armed Forces of Ukraine.^[11]

Background

In the aftermath of the Revolution of Dignity in 2014, Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula from Ukraine.^[12]^[13] Under de facto rule, Russian troops had occupied Crimea for the next eight years. The Russian military presence in the peninsula increased during the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis by over 10,000 additional troops.^[14]

Timeline

24 February

Shortly after Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a military operation in Ukraine, the Russian Air Force began to launch cruise and ballistic missiles at targets within several cities in Kherson Oblast. With air support, Russian Armed Forces then crossed into Kherson Oblast through areas of Crimea previously annexed by Russia in 2014.^[15]^[16]^[17]

The Russian Navy utilized a naval blockade in the Black Sea to limit Ukraine from providing support to units located near Kherson Oblast, as well as restrict commercial trade and the flow of goods to southern Ukraine.^[18] By 3:30 AM local time, Ukraine had closed all commercial shipping in the Sea of Azov, leaving more than 100 ships stuck in ports.^[19]

By evening, the Russians had reached the city of Kherson and engaged the Ukrainians in the Battle of Kherson. The Russians attempted to cross the Dnieper River over the Antonovskiy Bridge. Despite initial crossing by the Russian army, Ukrainian mechanized forces were able to recapture the Bridge.^[20]

A Ukrainian battalion was deployed to destroy the Henichesk bridge near the Isthmus of Perekop in order to slow the advance of Russian troops advancing from Crimea.^[21] Vitalii Skakun, the combat engineer who planted the explosives on the bridge, did not have enough time to retreat from the bridge, and so detonated the mines, killing himself and destroying the bridge.^[22]^[23] Skakun was posthumously awarded the title Hero of Ukraine by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.^[24]

Russian troops advancing from Crimea established control over the North Crimean Canal.^[25] Following Russia's annexation of Crimea, Ukraine blocked the canal,^[26] which provided 85% of Crimea's drinking water.^[27] Sergey Aksyonov, the head of the Republic of Crimea, told local authorities to prepare the canal to receive water from the Dnieper river and resume the supply of water, which was planned for the following day.^[28]

25 February

By the morning of 25 February, Russian forces had encircled and captured the city of Nova Kakhovka.^[29] The North Crimean Canal was also unblocked, effectively rescinding a longstanding water blockage imposed on Crimea after the 2014 Russian annexation of the peninsula.^[30]^[31] Fighting began to spill into Zaporizhzhia Oblast as Russian forces moved through southeastern Kherson Oblast towards Melitopol, which later surrendered to advancing Russian forces after a small skirmish.^[32]^[33]

Later in the day, Russian forces fully captured the Antonovskiy Bridge.^[34] Ukrainian forces launched a counterattack on Melitopol to take back control of the city.^[35]

26 February

On 26 February, according to Kherson mayor Ihor Kolykhaiev, a Ukrainian airstrike forced the Russians to retreat from Kherson, leaving the city under Ukrainian control.^[36]^[37] Ukrainian forces later recaptured the bridge.^[38]

The Ukrainian Prosecutor General, Iryna Venediktova, claimed that Russian forces killed a journalist and an ambulance driver near the village of Zelenivka, a northern suburb of Kherson.^[39] Another Ukrainian official later claimed that a Russian army column was defeated between the towns of Radensk and Oleshky, located just south of Kherson.^[40]

During afternoon hours of 26 February 12 tanks managed to break through in Kakhovka on the Dnieper and began heading towards Mykolaiv.^[41] Vitaliy Kim, the governor of Mykolaiv Oblast, stated that the city had 5 hours to prepare.^[42]^[43] Artillery and other arms had also been prepared, with an all-round defense being readied for.^[44] Russian forces had entered Prymorsk and surrounding settlements by 13:40.^[45]

A Ukrainian official stated that Russian forces had advanced further towards the city of Enerhodar, located southwest of Zaporzhzhia. The city contains the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. The official also stated that the Russians were deploying Grad missiles and warned of an attack on the plant.^[46] The Zaporizhzhia Regional State Administration stated that the Russian forces advancing on Enerhodar had later returned to Bolshaya Belozerka, a village located 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the city.^[47]

By around 18:30, tanks were on the outskirts of Mykolaiv and the mayor ordered citizens to stay indoors, as far away from windows as possible.^[48] Shortly after, Russian troops entered the city and a battle on the Southern Bug erupted about 10 minutes later.^[49] According to some reports, tanks "passed through the city".^[50] There were also sightings of large fires spreading in the city.^[51]

Russian forces advanced from Melitopol towards Mariupol, where a battle had gone on since 25 February. These forces captured the Berdiansk Airport and surrounded the city of Berdiansk, west of Mariupol.^[52]^[53]

27 February

Russian Ministry of Defense spokesperson Igor Konashenkov announced that the city of Henichesk and Kherson International Airport had surrendered to Russian forces in the morning.^[54]^[55]^[56] Later, Russian forces encircled and captured a part of Kherson.^[57]^[58] They were eventually able to enter and capture Berdiansk.^[59]^[60] Ukrainian officials also stated that they had captured parts of Kherson.^[61]

Later on 27 February, a group of Romani Ukrainian fighters allegedly captured a Russian armoured fighting vehicle near Kakhovka.^[62]

28 February

On 28 February, the Russian Ministry of Defense claimed that Russian forces had captured Enerhodar, in addition to the surroundings of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. However, Dmitri Orlov, the mayor of Enerhodar, denied that the city and the plant had been captured.^[63]^[64] A video later emerged showing local civilians preventing a Russian convoy from entering Enerhodar by barricading the entrance, forcing them to leave.^[65]

Ukrainian officials accused Russian forces of trying to use civilians gathered from villages around Kherson as human shields to cross the bridge into Kherson.^[66]

1 March

In the early morning of 1 March, Russian forces began assaulting Kherson from the west, advancing from Kherson International Airport towards the highway to Mykolaiv. They were able to surround the city and reached up to the neighboring settlement of Komyshany.^[67] Later in the day, Russian forces entered Kherson.^[68]

The mayor of Melitopol, Ivan Fedorov, announced that the Russian forces had occupied the city.^[2] A United States Department of Defense official also confirmed that Russian forces had captured the city.^[69]

Russian forces also shelled Bashtanka and Mykolaiv. Ukrainian officials later stated that a large Russian convoy was attacked and defeated by Ukrainian forces during the night near Bashtanka, forcing the Russians to retreat towards the neighboring city of Novyi Buh. They claimed that "several dozen [Russian] armored vehicles" were destroyed in the attack.^[70] Kim stated that during the operation, a Ukrainian helicopter was destroyed, but its pilots survived.^[71]

On 1 March, Ukrainian officials stated that Russian forces had surrounded Enerhodar, with a Russian convoy heading into the city around 14:00.^[72] According to the mayor, the city had difficulties obtaining food.^[72]

2 March

Many homes were hit in Mariupol by Russian shelling and set on fire due to Russian shelling according to Anton Gerashchenko, an adviser to the Ukrainian Interior Minister, resulting in deaths of four people.^[73]

In the early morning of 2 March, Russian forces seized parts of Kherson, including the city's central square.^[74] Later that evening, Kolykhaiev announced that he had surrendered the city to Russian forces, and that the Russian commander planned to set up a military administration in the city.^[75]

A Bangladeshi vessel named "MVS Banglar Samriddhi" was struck by an unidentified missile at 17:25. The ship had been stranded at the port of Olvia in Mykolaiv Oblast since the invasion began. The attack set the ship on fire and killed a Bangladeshi engineer.^[76]^[77]

3 March

In the early morning of 3 March, it was announced by Kherson's mayor that the city had fallen to Russian forces.^[78] Heavy resistance was still raging in the north of Kherson, as well as the city of Mariupol.^[79] Mariupol officials allege that hundreds of civilians had been killed by 3 March.^[80]^[81]

An Estonian ship named "MV Helt" sank near Odessa but all six crewmen were rescued. The ship's managing company stated that it might have struck a mine.^[82] Enerhodar's mayor Dmytro Orlov meanwhile stated that a large Russian convoy had entered the city.^[83]

4 March

According to Head of the Regional Military Administration, Ukrainian soldiers recaptured Kulbakino airport and cleared Russian troops from Mykolaiv. Russian troops launched a counterattack on the city outskirts.^[84]

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[1] "Russia says it captures Ukrainian city of Kherson -RIA". Reuters. 1 March 2022. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

[:2-2] Marina Korobova (1 March 2022). ""Мелитополь не сдался, Мелитополь – временно оккупирован" – городской голова о ситуации на 1 марта". Mestnyye Vesti (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

[3] "Nova Kakhovka has fallen to Russia: Ukraine media". The Business standard. 27 February 2022. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022. Its mayor Volodymyr Kovalenko has reportedly said that Russian troops have seized the city's executive committee and removed all Ukrainian flags from buildings

[:1-4] "Part of Kherson region territory occupied by aggressor – Regional Administration". Interfax Ukraine. Kyiv. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

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@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 Russian [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense]] spokesperson [[Igor Konashenkov]] announced that the city of [[Henichesk]] and [[Kherson International Airport]] had surrendered to Russian forces in the morning.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pnp.ru/politics/v-minoborony-soobshhili-ob-unichtozhenii-975-voennykh-obektov-ukrainy.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.pnp.ru/politics/v-minoborony-soobshhili-ob-unichtozhenii-975-voennykh-obektov-ukrainy.html|archive-date=27 February 2022 |title=В Минобороны сообщили об уничтожении 975 военных объектов Украины |trans-title=The Ministry of Defense announced the destruction of 975 military facilities of Ukraine |language=ru |date=27 February 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=27 February 2022 |title=Russia says it "blocks" Ukraine's Kherson, Berdyansk – RIA |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-ukraine-crisis-russia-kherson-idUKKBN2KW06V |access-date=27 February 2022 |archive-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228023418/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-ukraine-crisis-russia-kherson-idUKKBN2KW06V |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=CNN |first=Helen Regan and Steve George |date=27 February 2022 |title=Russia claims two southern cities "completely blocked" by Russian troops |url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-27-22/h_4f05c694328a288c6dcdf5a5bdf3248f |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=CNN |language=en |archive-date=27 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227092455/https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-27-22/h_4f05c694328a288c6dcdf5a5bdf3248f |url-status=live }}</ref> Later, Russian forces encircled and captured a part of Kherson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blazetrends.com/war-in-ukraine-russian-army-makes-a-breakthrough-in-the-countrys-second-city-the-battle-for-kiev-continues/|title=War in Ukraine: Russian army makes a "breakthrough" in the country's second city, the battle for Kiev continues|date=27 February 2022|access-date=27 February 2022|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228023414/https://blazetrends.com/war-in-ukraine-russian-army-makes-a-breakthrough-in-the-countrys-second-city-the-battle-for-kiev-continues/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/27/kyiv-surrounded-says-mayor-fighting-on-fourth-day-of-russian-invasion-of-ukraine|title=Russian forces advance on Kyiv: fighting on fourth day of invasion|work=The Guardian|date=27 February 2022|quote=Ukrainian defence sources said that Russian forces captured part of Kherson, the city at the mouth of the Dnieper River.|access-date=27 February 2022|archive-date=27 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227203050/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/27/kyiv-surrounded-says-mayor-fighting-on-fourth-day-of-russian-invasion-of-ukraine|url-status=live}}</ref> They were eventually able to enter and capture Berdiansk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukraine crisis: Russian forces enter Sea of Azov port Berdiansk – report |url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-698823 |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US |archive-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228023426/https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-698823 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fakty.com.ua/ua/ukraine/suspilstvo/20220228-melitopol-zahopyly-bojovyky-u-harkovi-ta-sumah-tysha-arestovych-pro-sytuacziyu-v-ukrayini/|title=Бердянськ захопили бойовики, у Харкові та Сумах – тиша: Арестович про ситуацію в Україні|work=Fakty i Kommentarii|author=Yulia Zakharchenko|date=28 February 2022|accessdate=28 February 2022|archive-date=28 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228033140/https://fakty.com.ua/ua/ukraine/suspilstvo/20220228-melitopol-zahopyly-bojovyky-u-harkovi-ta-sumah-tysha-arestovych-pro-sytuacziyu-v-ukrayini/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ukrainian officials also stated that they had captured parts of Kherson.<ref name="TG272022">{{cite web |date=27 February 2022 |title=Russian forces advance on Kyiv: fighting on fourth day of invasion |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/27/kyiv-surrounded-says-mayor-fighting-on-fourth-day-of-russian-invasion-of-ukraine |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227203050/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/27/kyiv-surrounded-says-mayor-fighting-on-fourth-day-of-russian-invasion-of-ukraine |archive-date=27 February 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022 |work=The Guardian}}</ref>
-Later on 27 February, a group of [[Romani people in Ukraine|Romani Ukrainian]] fighters allegedly captured a Russian tank near Kakhovka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roma from Kherson oblast in Ukraine capture tank from Russian occupiers |url=http://www.romea.cz/en/news/world/roma-from-kherson-oblast-in-ukraine-capture-tank-from-russian-occupiers |access-date=28 February 2022 |website=romea.cz |archive-date=27 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227230549/http://www.romea.cz/en/news/world/roma-from-kherson-oblast-in-ukraine-capture-tank-from-russian-occupiers |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Later on 27 February, a group of [[Romani people in Ukraine|Romani Ukrainian]] fighters allegedly captured a Russian armoured fighting vehicle near Kakhovka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roma from Kherson oblast in Ukraine capture tank from Russian occupiers |url=http://www.romea.cz/en/news/world/roma-from-kherson-oblast-in-ukraine-capture-tank-from-russian-occupiers |access-date=28 February 2022 |website=romea.cz |archive-date=27 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227230549/http://www.romea.cz/en/news/world/roma-from-kherson-oblast-in-ukraine-capture-tank-from-russian-occupiers |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ===28 February===