List of ethnic enclaves in North American cities: Difference between revisions

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This is a list of ethnic enclaves in North American cities. An ethnic enclave in this context denotes an area primarily populated by a population with similar ethnic or racial background. It does not include LGBT communities. This list also includes historic examples which may no longer be an ethnic enclave. European enclaves are somewhat more common in the North and East; Asian enclaves are somewhat more common in the West. African and Black enclaves are spread throughout, concentrated in southeast and northern cities.

List by world region and national origin

Montreal North, Montreal, Quebec
Banbury Oaks, Pasadena, California
Bayview, San Francisco, California
Black Bottom, Detroit, Michigan (historic)
Bedford Stuyvesant, New York City (largest Black neighborhood in the U.S.)
Black Bottom, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (historic)
Lower Bottoms, Oakland, California (gentrifying)
Bronzeville, Chicago, Illinois
Central District, Seattle, Washington
East Flatbush, New York City (West Indian)
Eastside Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Eatonville, Florida, (historic)
Fifth Ward, Houston, Texas
Fillmore District, San Francisco, California (historic)
Five Points, Denver, Colorado "Harlem of the West"
Greenwood, Tulsa, Oklahoma "Black Wall Street"
Harlem, New York City "The Capital of Black America"
The Hill District, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Hunters Point, San Francisco, California (gentrifying)
Hyde Park, Los Angeles, California
Preston, Nova Scotia, Canada (91% Afro-Canadian, the largest percentage in any Canadian community)
Jackson Ward, Richmond, Virginia
Jane and Finch, Toronto, Ontario
King-Lincoln-Bronzeville, Columbus, Ohio
Langston, Oklahoma, United States (historic)
Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California
Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles, California
Lower Ninth Ward, New Orleans, Louisiana (historic)
Muir Heights, Pasadena, California
Ocean View, San Francisco, California
Overtown, Miami, Florida (historic)
Parchester Village, Richmond, California
Parrish Street, or Hayti, Durham, North Carolina (historic)
Rexdale, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Northeast and Southeast Washington, D.C.
Near North Side (Omaha, Nebraska)
Shaw, Washington, D.C.
Sobrante Park, Oakland, California
South Wilmington Street, Raleigh, North Carolina (historic)
South Dallas, Dallas, Texas
Sunnyside, Houston, Texas
Sweet Auburn, Atlanta, Georgia
Toronto, Ontario has multiple African-Canadian sections.
Watts, Los Angeles, California and South Central Los Angeles but the percentage declined since the 1990s.
Weeksville, New York City (historic)
Western Addition, San Francisco, California (gentrifying)
West Indio, Indio, California (limited)

Hmong

India

Gerrard India Bazaar, Toronto, Ontario
Little India, Vancouver, British Columbia (Sikh)
Little India/Pakistan, Artesia, California (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh)
Little India, University Avenue, Berkeley, California
Little India, Chicago, Illinois
Little India, Oak Tree Road, Iselin, New Jersey
Little India, Newark Avenue, Jersey City, New Jersey
Little India, Hicksville, New York (Long Island)
Little India, Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City
Little India, Chatham Street, Cary (suburban Raleigh), North Carolina
Little India, Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania
Little India, Millbourne, Pennsylvania (highest percentage of Indians in the United States)
Little India, Hillcroft, Houston, Texas
Malton, Mississauga, Ontario
South Lake, Pasadena, California

Little India,Park Extension, Montreal, Quebec

Japan

Japantown, San Francisco, California
Japantown, San Jose, California
Japantown, Vancouver, British Columbia (aka Little Ginza)
Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California
Playhouse District, Pasadena, California
Sawtelle, Los Angeles, California

Korea

Koreatown, Chicago, Illinois
Koreatown, Annandale, Virginia
Koreatown, Los Angeles, California
Koreatown, Manhattan, New York / Little Korea, New York
Koreatown, Miami, Florida
Koreatown, Oakland, California
Koreatown, Toronto, Ontario
Koreatown, North York, Ontario
Koreatown, Upper Darby, Pennsylvania
Little Seoul, Garden Grove, California
Koreatown, Dallas, Texas
Koreatown, (Long Point) Houston, Texas

Philippines

Crocker-Amazon, San Francisco, California
Daly City (suburban San Francisco), California
Broadmoor (suburban San Francisco), California
Historic Filipinotown, Los Angeles, California
Little Manila, Carson, California
Little Manila, Stockton, California
Little Manila, Virginia Beach, Virginia
Little Manila, Queens, New York
Little Manila, Jersey City, New Jersey
Delano, California

Taiwan

Little Taipei, Monterey Park, California

Thailand

Thai Town, Los Angeles, California

Vietnam

Little Saigon Midtown, Houston, Texas
Argyle Little Vietnam, Chicago, Illinois
Little Saigon, Westminster, California
Little Saigon, San Francisco, California
Little Saigon, San Jose, California
Fields Corner, Dorchester, Massachusetts and Boston, Massachusetts
Seven Corners, Virginia/Washington D.C.
Village de L'Est, New Orleans, Louisiana
Saint Denis and Jean Talon, Montreal, Quebec

Europe

South Boston - (majority Irish)
Ballard, Seattle, Washington (Scandinavian)
Basque Block, Boise, Idaho
Columbia, Missouri (Bosnian)^[1]
Connemara Patch, Saint Paul, Minnesota (Irish-historic)
East Utica, Utica, New York (Bosnian)
Andersonville, Chicago (historic; Swedish)
Danetown/South End, Council Bluffs, Iowa (Danish-historic)
Lithuania Plaza, Chicago
Little Ukraine, Cleveland (Parma)
St. Vitus Village, Cleveland (Slovenian)
Tremont, Cleveland (Eastern Europeans)
Little Odessa, Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York (Ukrainian, Russian, Russian Jewish)
Richmond District, San Francisco, California (Russian, Ukrainian, Eastern European)
Little Finland, Thunder Bay, Ontario
Little Scandinavia, San Francisco, California (historic; now the Castro District)
Little Ukraine, Manhattan, New York (Ukrainian)
Logan Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba (historic Scandinavian)
Pilsen, Chicago, Illinois (Czech when named, but Hispanic in late 20th century, multi-cultural in early 21st century)
Old Salem, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (historic; German speaking Moravian)
Solvang, California (Danish)
St. Louis, Missouri (Bosnian)
Swede Hollow, Saint Paul, Minnesota (historic Swedish)
Ukrainian Village, Chicago (Ukrainian)
West End, Winnipeg, Manitoba (historic Icelandic)
West Hollywood, California (Russian and Russian Jewish)
West Seventh, Saint Paul, Minnesota (Russian)
Jacksonville, Florida (Bosnian)
Little Moscow, Miami, Florida
Runnymede/Bloor West Village, Toronto, Ontario (Polish and Ukrainians)
Strawberry Hill, Kansas City, Kansas (Croatian)
Swedesborg, Kansas (Swedish)
Kingsburg, California (Swedish)
Spanish Fork, Utah (about 20% of Icelandic descent)
Payson, Utah (Scottish-historic)

Czech

Eastern European Jewish

Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario
Thornhill, Ontario
Beverlywood, Los Angeles, California
Bexley (suburban Columbus), Ohio
Cote St. Luc, Montreal, Quebec
Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Fairfax District, Los Angeles, California
Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York City
Squirrel Hill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Little Odessa, Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York City
Borough Park, Brooklyn, New York City
Crown Heights, Brooklyn, New York City
Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York City
Pico-Robertson, Los Angeles, California
Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California (historic)
Monsey, New York
Outremont, Montreal, Quebec

Germany

Greece

There also formerly existed a Greek enclave in Kansas City, Missouri, but much of this has dispersed throughout the area.

Ireland

Beverly, Chicago, Illinois
Bridgeport, Chicago, Illinois
Cabbagetown, Toronto, Ontario (historic)
Canaryville, Chicago, Illinois
Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts
Cliffside, Toronto, Ontario
Corktown, Detroit, Michigan
Corktown, Hamilton, Ontario
Corktown, Toronto, Ontario
Dogtown, St. Louis, Missouri
Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts
Eureka Valley, San Francisco, California (historic; now the Castro District)
Gerritsen Beach, Brooklyn, New York
Griffintown, Montreal, Quebec (historic)
Locust Point, Baltimore, Maryland
Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan, New York
Irish Channel, New Orleans, Louisiana
Kamm's Corners, Cleveland, Ohio
Mount Greenwood, Chicago, Illinois
Pointe-Saint-Charles, Montreal, Quebec
Somerville, Massachusetts
Southie/South Boston, Massachusetts
South Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
Telegraph Hill, San Francisco (historic)
Tipperary Hill, Syracuse, New York
West Brighton, Staten Island, New York
West Park, Cleveland, Ohio
Woodlawn, Bronx, New York
Woodside, Queens, New York

Italy

Arthur Avenue, Bronx, New York City
Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, New York City
Bloomfield, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [3]
Brier Hill, Youngstown, Ohio
Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn, New York City
Città Italiana (Saint Leonard), Montreal, Quebec
Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, New York City
Corso Italia, Toronto, Ontario
East Utica, Utica, New York
Federal Hill, Providence, Rhode Island
Heart of Italy, Chicago, Illinois
Italian Market, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Italian Village [4], Columbus, Ohio
LaSalle, Montreal, Quebec
Little Italy, Baltimore, Maryland
Little Italy, Chicago, Illinois
Little Italy (Murray Hill), Cleveland, Ohio
Little Italy, Los Angeles, California (historic; now Chinatown)
Little Italy, Manhattan, New York City
Little Italy, Montreal, Quebec
Little Italy, Preston Street, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario.
Little Italy of the Bronx, New York City
Little Italy, Omaha, Nebraska (historic)
Little Italy, Paterson, New Jersey
Little Italy, Syracuse, New York
Little Italy, Toronto, Ontario (historic; now more Portuguese than Italian)
Little Italy, Vancouver, British Columbia
"Little Tuscany", Palm Springs, California
North End, Boston, Massachusetts
North Beach, San Francisco, California
North Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
North Providence, Rhode Island
Old Pasadena, California
Petite-Patrie, Montreal, Quebec
Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles (R.D.P.), Montreal, Quebec
Sugarhouse District, Salt Lake City, Utah (see Utah Italians).
Temescal, Oakland, California (historic)
The Hill, St. Louis, Missouri
The Northeast, Kansas City, Missouri
Youngstown, Ohio
Via Italia, Montreal
Via Italia, Windsor, Ontario
Via Italia, San Pedro, Los Angeles, California
Bunker Hill, Los Angeles (Historic).
Little Italy, San Diego, California.

Poland

Andrew Square, South Boston, Massachusetts
Cheektowaga, New York
Garfield Ridge, Chicago
Little Poland, Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York
Hamtramck, Michigan, separate municipality enclave of Detroit, Michigan
Jackowo, Chicago, Illinois
Poletown, Detroit, Michigan
Polish Hill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Roncesvalles, Toronto, Ontario
Slavic Village, Cleveland, Ohio
West Allis, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York
Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York (historic)
Sheelytown, Omaha, Nebraska (historic)
Warsaw, North Dakota

Portugal

Artesia, California (historic)
Little Brazil, New York, New York (Inhabited by many Portuguese-speaking countries' communities, mainly Portuguese and Brazilian)
Little Italy, Toronto, Ontario (Despite its name, this neighborhood is now more Portuguese than Italian.)
Little Portugal, Montreal, Quebec
Little Portugal, Newark, New Jersey (Ironbound section)
Jingletown, Oakland, California (historic)
Portugal Village, Toronto, Ontario
Little Portugal, San Jose, California
Brockton Village, Toronto, Ontario (formerly Irish)
Fall River, Massachusetts
Fox Point, Providence, Rhode Island
New Bedford, Massachusetts (Portuguese and Cape Verdean)
Provincetown, Massachusetts (gentrifying)
Oakwood-Vaughan, Toronto, Ontario
East Cambridge, Massachusetts,
Somerville, Massachusetts
San Pedro, California, Los Angeles
Point Loma, San Diego, California.

Middle East and Central Asia

Arabian Village, Detroit and Dearborn, Michigan
Assyrian District, northern Chicago, Illinois
Chaldean Town, Detroit, Michigan
East Dearborn, Michigan (Iraqi)
Little Arabia, Albany Park, Chicago, Illinois
Little Arabia Anaheim (Orange County), Anaheim, California
Little Kabul, Fremont, California (the largest Afghan population in the United States in 2001)
Little Persia, Los Angeles, California (Iranian)
South Paterson/Little Ramallah, Paterson, New Jersey and Clifton, New Jersey
Little Tel Aviv, Miami, Florida
Saint Laurent, Montreal
Little Maghreb, Montreal, Quebec

Armenia

East Washington Village, Pasadena, California
Glendale, California (suburban Los Angeles)
Little Armenia, Los Angeles, California
Little Armenia, Watertown, Massachusetts
Old Armenian Town, Fresno, California
Little Armenia, Dudemaine Street, Montreal

Latin America and Caribbean

Adams Morgan, Washington, D.C. (Central American Hispanic)
Arlandria, Alexandria, Virginia/Washington D.C. (Central American Hispanic)
Jane st and wilson ave, Jane St and Sheppard ave. West, Toronto, Ontario (Central and South American and others)
Blue Hills, Connecticut (23.9% Jamacian, highest Jamacian population in the US.)^[2]
Coachella, California (predominantly Hispanic community, town is over 40% Mexican descent and the rest Central American)
Indio, California (large Mexican and Central American population)
Eglinton West (also known as Little Jamaica), Toronto, Ontario
Jackson Heights, Queens, New York (formerly Colombian, now a mixture South American and Mexican cultures)
Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts (Haitian and Jamaican)
Melrose Park, FL (Jamacian)
Hamilton Heights, Manhattan, New York (mostly Dominican and African American)
Little Haiti, Miami, Florida (Haitian)
Souderton, Pennsylvania (recent wave of Mexican and Latin American immigration).
Tortilla Flat - Monterey, California (Mexican and Spanish-American, though has less Hispanic residence today).
Windsor, Ontario - Recent Mexican immigration to the city, now has the Highest percentage of Hispanic Canadians per city.

Central/South America

Central Falls, Rhode Island (Colombian)
Little Lima, Paterson, New Jersey (Peruvian)
Framingham, Massachusetts (Brazilian)
Somerville, Massachusetts (Brazilian)
Little Brazil Street, Manhattan, New York City (Brazilian)
Olive Heights, Pasadena, California (Guatemalan)
Pico-Union, Los Angeles, California (Salvadorean)
Gulfton, Houston, Texas (Salvadorean)
New Orleans, Louisiana (Honduran).
Little Managua, Miami, Florida (Nicaraguan).

Mexico

Atwater Village, Los Angeles, California
Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California
Capital Hill District, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
West Dallas, Dallas,Texas
East Los Angeles, California, historic urban Mexican-American enclave (see Chicano).
Fruitvale, Oakland, California
Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, California
Lake Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Lincoln Heights, Los Angeles, California
Logan Heights, San Diego, California
Magnolia Park, Houston, Texas
Mexicantown, Detroit, Michigan
Mission District, San Francisco, California (gentrifying)
Mount Washington, Los Angeles, California
Olvera Street, Los Angeles, California (formerly known as Sonora Town, birthplace of Los Angeles)
Little Village, Chicago, Illinois
Pilsen, Chicago, Illinois
Second Ward, Houston, Texas
Siler City (suburban Raleigh-Durham), North Carolina
South Side, Waco, Texas
Westside, St. Paul, Minnesota (Mexican)
Westside, San Antonio, Texas

West Indies and Carribean

East Pasadena, California (Cuban)
Little Havana on the Hudson, North Hudson, New Jersey (Highest Cuban Population outside of Florida)
Inwood, Manhattan, New York (Dominican)
Little Havana, Miami, Florida, (Beginning at Calle Ocho, Cuban)
Loisaida, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York (Hispanic in late 20th century)
Haverstraw (village), New York (Dominican)
Holyoke, Massachusetts (Puerto Rican)
Mattapan, Boston, Massachusetts (Haitian)
Paseo Boricua, Humboldt Park, Chicago, Illinois, Historic Urban (Puerto Rican) enclave
New Orleans, Louisiana (Haitian)
South Providence, Providence, Rhode Island (Dominican)
Spanish Harlem, Manhattan, New York (Puerto Rican)/(Mexican)
Temple City, California (Cuban)
Washington Heights, Manhattan, New York (Dominican)
Westchester, Florida (65.69% Cuban, highest Cuban population in the US)^[3]
Lawrence, Massachusetts (Dominican)
Hazleton, Pennsylvania (Cuban)
Little Haiti, Miami, Florida (Haitian)

Others

Canada

Little Canadas are spread all over the United States, founded almost entirely of French Canadians (from Quebec), with English Canadians tending to assimilate immediately on arrival. Many historic "French" communities in the United States (especially outside the Louisiana area) actually have roots in the Quebec diaspora rather than in France. See:
- Frog Hollow, Hartford, Connecticut (French-speaking when named, but African-American and Hispanic in late 20th century).
- Little Canada, Minnesota (founded by French Canadian Americans).
- Manchester, New Hampshire - The West side section.
- Quebec South in Hollywood, Florida (seasonal migration and retirement community by French-Canadians since the 1980s).
- Woonsocket, Rhode Island - thought to be the largest Quebec or French-Canadian community in the US. ^{[citation needed]}

Native Americans

Urban Indians, communities developed by small enclaves of American Indians and Alaskan Natives since the 1930s. They tend to form small percentages of the urban areas' population.

The highest concentration of Urban Indians is believed to be in Anchorage, Alaska where over 10 percent of the population identify themselves in the census as having some Native ancestry, with 7.3 percent identifying that as their only ancestry. ^{[citation needed]}

- Albany, New York and throughout Upstate New York.
- Albuquerque, New Mexico - 8th largest.
- Bakersfield, California - Dust bowl displacement of Cherokee and Comanche people in the agricultural industry.
- Boston, Massachusetts - Close to several local Pequot Indian tribal casinos in the New England States.
- Chicago - disputed, may be 5th largest tied with Tulsa.
- Cleveland, Ohio - In the Westside or Cuyahoga sections.
- Dallas, Texas and the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex - could be 9th or 10th largest.
- Denver, Colorado - Over 10,000 American Indians live in the city of Denver.
- Detroit, Michigan.
- Fresno, California.
- Gary, Indiana.
- Hartford, Connecticut.
- Houston, Texas - home to the Cherokee Society of America, an organization of the Texas Cherokees.
- Kansas City, Missouri.
- Los Angeles - Now thought to have the largest Native American population of any US city.
- Milwaukee, Wisconsin - Has an urban Indian school and intertribal cultural center in downtown Milwaukee. ^{[citation needed]}
- Minneapolis, Minnesota - Birthplace of the American Indian Movement, a political organization in the 1960s. ^{[citation needed]}
- New York City - Second largest. In the early 20th century, Mohawk Indians were hired in skyscraper construction projects.^{[citation needed]}
- Oklahoma City - Fourth largest.
- Omaha, Nebraska - Many Lakota (Sioux) and Navajo people live in the city, NA population could exceed 10,000.
- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - In the Lenapehoking section of West Philadelphia and "Little Oklahoma" section in Northeast Philadelphia. ^{[citation needed]}
- Phoenix, Arizona - Sixth largest.
- Sacramento, California - 50 miles west is the DQ University, an American Indian private college.
- San Diego, California.
- San Francisco and San Francisco Bay area - 9th largest, mainly in Oakland.
- Seattle - Named for Chief Seattle of the indigenous Snohomish tribe. ^{[citation needed]}
- Spokane, Washington - 10th largest, has the Spokane Indian Reservation by the city.
- Tucson, Arizona - 7th largest.
- Tulsa, Oklahoma - Fifth largest.
- Washington, DC - Third largest.
- Yakima, Washington - In its metro area, has several tribes and the Yakima Indian Reservation.

Pacific Islanders

Hawaii (see Native Hawaiians).
Alaska, Oregon, Nevada, Utah and Idaho (see Samoans).
California: Los Angeles; San Francisco; Cerritos, California; Long Beach, California; Oceanside, California and Torrance, California.
Washington state: Seattle and Tacoma, Washington.

References

External links

[1] Neither Here Nor There

[2] ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_American#US_communities_with_high_percentages_of_people_of_Jamaican_ancestry

[3] ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_American#Immigration_policy

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 394: / Line 394: @@
 * [[North Beach, San Francisco, California]]
 * [[North Buffalo, Buffalo, New York]]
+* [[North Providence, Rhode Island]]
 * [[Old Pasadena|Old Pasadena, California]]
 * Petite-Patrie, [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]