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==India==
==India==
The official [[narrative]] holds that Anti-Pakistan sentiment is "strong" in India, given the supposed "arch-rival" relations between the two countries since the [[Partition of India]]. The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and the [[Shiv Sena]] are publicly advocated for "spreading hate-crimes" against Pakistan's citizens{{Cn|date=November 2011}}. Both parties have, in numerous occasions, brought criticism to [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah|Muhammad Ali-Jinnah]], [[Liaqat Ali Khan|Liakat Ali-Khan]], Sir [[Muhammad Iqbal|Muhammad Iqbal]], and [[Ziauddin Ahmed|Ziauddin Ahmad]]{{Cn|date=November 2011}}. Publications of these statesman are banned in Indian institutions{{Cn|no evidence of these being banned|date=November 2011}}. [[Jaswant Singh]], former [[Minister of Finance (India)|Minister of Finance]] and key member of BJP, published the ''[[Jinnah: India-Partition-Independence]]'' on 17 August 2009. Singh argued that it was Nehru, not Jinnah, whose centralized polity was responsible for partition. He was later expelled from the primary membership of BJP as a result of the ensuing controversy. His book was later banned in [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/book-ban-timing-calculated-says-congress/504755/|title=Book ban: timing calculated, says Congress|date=2009-08-21|publisher=[[Indian Express]]|accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8211038.stm India state bans book on Jinnah]</ref> Simultaneously, the common people of Pakistan have shown a great affinity for Indian culture, music, TV programming and consumer goods, which conflicts with the official narrative.
The official [[narrative]] holds that Pakistan-phobia "strong" in India, given the supposed "arch-rival" relations between the two countries since the [[Partition of India]]. The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and the [[Shiv Sena]] are publicly advocated for "spreading hate-crimes" against Pakistan's citizens{{Cn|date=November 2011}}. Both parties have, in numerous occasions, brought criticism to [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah|Muhammad Ali-Jinnah]], [[Liaqat Ali Khan|Liakat Ali-Khan]], Sir [[Muhammad Iqbal|Muhammad Iqbal]], and [[Ziauddin Ahmed|Ziauddin Ahmad]]{{Cn|date=November 2011}}. Publications of these statesman are banned in Indian institutions{{Cn|no evidence of these being banned|date=November 2011}}. [[Jaswant Singh]], former [[Minister of Finance (India)|Minister of Finance]] and key member of BJP, published the ''[[Jinnah: India-Partition-Independence]]'' on 17 August 2009. Singh argued that it was Nehru, not Jinnah, whose centralized polity was responsible for partition. He was later expelled from the primary membership of BJP as a result of the ensuing controversy. His book was later banned in [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/book-ban-timing-calculated-says-congress/504755/|title=Book ban: timing calculated, says Congress|date=2009-08-21|publisher=[[Indian Express]]|accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8211038.stm India state bans book on Jinnah]</ref> Simultaneously, the common people of Pakistan have shown a great affinity for Indian culture, music, TV programming and consumer goods, which conflicts with the official narrative.


Many nationalist [[Indian Muslims]] also have anti-Pakistan sentiments.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?col=&section=opinion&xfile=data/opinion/2009/March/opinion_March3.xml|title=The Problem With Indian Muslims|work=[[Khaleej Times]]|date=1 March 2009|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref>
Many nationalist [[Indian Muslims]] also have anti-Pakistan sentiments.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?col=&section=opinion&xfile=data/opinion/2009/March/opinion_March3.xml|title=The Problem With Indian Muslims|work=[[Khaleej Times]]|date=1 March 2009|accessdate=9 December 2011}}</ref>

Revision as of 15:03, 30 December 2011

Anti-Pakistan sentiment or Pakistanophobia, is a term defined by political scientists and media as a diverse spectrum of ostensible "prejudices, dislike or fear" of the state of Pakistan, its culture, people or its government. The concept exists throughout several countries, including India, Afghanistan, the Western world and the Arab world. The pejorative and racist term "Paki" originated in the United Kingdom. According to the Pakistani narrative, Anti-Pakistani sentiment can also be found in other Western countries including the United States. Its opposite is Pakophilia.

Foreign governments, peoples and even media outlets[1] are routinely accused by Pakistani nationalists of displaying Anti-Pakistan sentiment. Independent observers believe that such routine accusations are often made indirectly on behalf of the Government or the Pakistan Army, in order to divert the attention of the Pakistani people, in a strategy typically used by non-representative and obscurantist political structures.

India

The official narrative holds that Pakistan-phobia "strong" in India, given the supposed "arch-rival" relations between the two countries since the Partition of India. The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Shiv Sena are publicly advocated for "spreading hate-crimes" against Pakistan's citizens[citation needed]. Both parties have, in numerous occasions, brought criticism to Muhammad Ali-Jinnah, Liakat Ali-Khan, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, and Ziauddin Ahmad[citation needed]. Publications of these statesman are banned in Indian institutions[citation needed]. Jaswant Singh, former Minister of Finance and key member of BJP, published the Jinnah: India-Partition-Independence on 17 August 2009. Singh argued that it was Nehru, not Jinnah, whose centralized polity was responsible for partition. He was later expelled from the primary membership of BJP as a result of the ensuing controversy. His book was later banned in Gujarat.[2][3] Simultaneously, the common people of Pakistan have shown a great affinity for Indian culture, music, TV programming and consumer goods, which conflicts with the official narrative.

Many nationalist Indian Muslims also have anti-Pakistan sentiments.[4]

Afghanistan

Disputes between Afghanistan and Pakistan occurred due to Afghanistan's refusal to accept the temporary-by-design Durand Line. From 1947 till 1960, a regional dispute caused the increase of the Anti-Pakistan sentiment in Afghanistan. Afghanistan's alleged "interference" in Pakistan's provincial matters resulted in counter-interference from Pakistan in Afghan internal affairs. During 1980s, the Anti-Pakistan sentiment was at its alleged "maximum", and Afghanistan Soviet Socialist Republic's KHAD was responsible for bringing terrorists attacks in Pakistan which resulted in major human inflictions in Pakistan. In a recent, a poll showed that Afghans rated India as the most favourable country, while Pakistan was the least favoured country with only 2% popularity.[5]

In 2011, former President Pervez Musharraf while lecturing at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, former President attributed this hatred as, "Since our independence , Afghanistan always has been anti-Pakistan because the then Soviet Union and now India have very good relations in Afghanistan".[6] Pakistanis are often referred to as Dal Khor by Afghans.

Saudi Arabia

In Saudi Arabia, young Saudis have behaved in a racist and violent manner toward South Asians like Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Phillipinos, Indonesians, Africans and other foreigners. The youth have engaged in violent attacks on South Asian workers.[7]

Bangladesh

Sentiments against the government and establishment of Pakistan were rife during the days of calls for seccession in Bangladesh. The Anti-Pakistan sentiment grew strongly in 1950s and in 1960s in East-Pakistan, now Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Forces fought shoulders-to-shoulders with Indian Armed Forces in the conflict which later become to known as Bangladesh Liberation War. However, relations have improved with Pakistan although historical issues such as the divisions of assets and atrocities continue to hinder relations from improving. The ties were at low point during the democratic governmental regime of Benazir Bhutto. However, in 1998, following Pakistan's nuclear tests, the ties were immensely improved. Common concerns over India's regional power have influenced strategic cooperation leading to a gift of several squadrons of F-6 fighter aircraft to the Bangladesh Air Force in the late 1980s although they was no serious effort to maintain them as there were later left to be destroyed by a cyclone. Members of the Bangladeshi Army are frequently received open admission at the National Defence University, a higher institution of civil and military studies.

Israel

In Israel, the Anti-Pakistan sentiment is largely presented in Israel. Since 1950s, the Anti-Pakistan sentiment grew in Israel. During 1965 war, Israel played a major role in convincing United States not to send weapons to Pakistan, and therefore, imposed an embargo on Pakistan.[8][9] The anniversary of Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 are also regularly hosted in Israel where tributes to Indian Armed Forces are paid with strong words.[10] During 1999, Israeli military personnel aided India to developed much more better planned operations against Pakistan. Despite the regional distance, Israel considered Pakistan as "Pakistan-is-evil". In an interview with a Russian daily Israel's Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman rendered Pakistan as "Evil empire", the very similar words used by U.S. President Ronald Reagan on Soviet Union.[11]

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom has the largest overseas Pakistani community, known as British Pakistanis. There have been periodic ethnic tensions faced by the Pakistani community. The pejorative and racist term "Paki" originated in the United Kingdom.

United States

Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, there have been scattered incidents of Pakistani-Americans having been mistaken targets for hate crimes and Pakistani Americans have to go under more security checks in places such as airports due to their Islamic background. Up to 45,000 of the estimated 100,000-strong Pakistani community in New York were deported or left voluntarily following the attacks, according to reports.[12] One of the notable case of discrimination is that of Hasan a Princeton University graduate who was deported to Pakistan even when no case was proved against him. His American wife Rose along with two children is fighting for justice in Islamabad.[13] Since the demise of al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden on 1 May 2011, a myriad number of Americans have gone further than ever with their hostility towards Pakistanis due to the intense and controversial suspicion of the Pakistani government's involvement in harboring the late terrorist organization chief and his affiliates, as roused by the fact that the hideout in which bin Laden was killed is just shy of 34 miles from Islamabad and less than a mile southwest of the Pakistan Military Academy. Aside from this, many Americans (including government officials) have also suspected the Pakistani government and many others living within the country's remote wastelands (i.e. Waziristan) of funding and collaborating with the Haqqani network and other Islamic militant groups hiding there.

References

  1. ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-15936881
  2. ^ "Book ban: timing calculated, says Congress". Indian Express. 2009-08-21. Retrieved 2009-08-21.
  3. ^ India state bans book on Jinnah
  4. ^ "The Problem With Indian Muslims". Khaleej Times. 1 March 2009. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
  5. ^ Afghan poll shows India most favoured, Pakistan unpopular
  6. ^ News Headlines. "Pakistan needs Afghan 'counter-measures': Musharraf". Musharraf lectured at Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Geo Television.
  7. ^ Abdullah Al-Mutairi (Monday 27 March 2006). "Why Is There So Much Hate Inside Us?". Al-Watan. Retrieved January 7, 2011. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ Indian foreign policy: challenges and opportunities by Atish Sinha, Madhup Mohta, Academic Foundation, 2007, p 332.
  9. ^ Pakistan and Israel - new friends? By Aamer Ahmed Khan, BBC News, 1 September 2005
  10. ^ The Jewish general who beat Pakistan, Haartz, 06.09.04
  11. ^ Pakistan is an evil empire and threat to Israel: Israeli FM, Dawn newspaper, 22 Apr, 2009.
  12. ^ http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2008/10/20081015181955164424.html
  13. ^ http://www.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/news/pakistan/American-Rose-fights-for-Pakistani-husband-01-sal-05

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