Leighton Buzzard

Leighton Buzzard
Market Square
Leighton Buzzard Location within Bedfordshire
Population	37,000
OS grid reference	SP921250
Civil parish	Leighton-Linslade
Unitary authority	Central Bedfordshire
Ceremonial county	Bedfordshire
Region	East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LEIGHTON BUZZARD
Postcode district	LU7
Dialling code	01525
Police	Bedfordshire
Fire	Bedfordshire and Luton
Ambulance	East of England
UK Parliament	South West Bedfordshire

Leighton Buzzard (/ˈleɪtən ˈbʌzəd/) is a town in Bedfordshire, England near the Chiltern Hills and lying between Luton and Milton Keynes. It adjoins Linslade and the name Leighton Linslade is sometimes used to refer to the combination of the two towns; parts of this article also apply to Linslade as well as Leedon.

For local government purposes, the town is part of the Central Bedfordshire district and is administered jointly with Linslade as the civil parish of Leighton-Linslade.

History

There are a number of theories concerning the derivation of the town's name, but the most likely is that "Leighton" came from Old English Lēah-tūn, meaning 'farm in a clearing in the woods'. The "Buzzard" was added by the Dean of Lincoln, in whose diocese the town lay in the 12th century. Having two communities called "Leighton" and seeking some means of differentiating them, he added the name of his local Prebendary or representative to that of the town. At that time it was a Theobald de Busar and so over the years the town became known as Leighton Buzzard. The other Leighton became Leighton Bromswold.

Leighton Buzzard is also famous as the Grand Union Canal was opened there. More recently, Leighton Buzzard station was the location for part of the film Robbery, which is based on the so-called "Great Train Robbery" (1963), whereas the actual robbery took place just outside the town, at Bridego bridge, Ledburn. In the Domesday Book, Leighton Buzzard and Linslade were both called Leestone.

Amenities

Leighton Buzzard contains All Saints' Church, an Early English parish church dating from 1277. The church has a 190 ft spire and has been described as the 'cathedral of South Bedfordshire'. The church was damaged by fire in the 1980s, but has since undergone restoration.

The town is also known for the Leighton Buzzard Light Railway, a narrow gauge heritage railway.

The town has a combined library and theatre (called the Library Theatre) where both live events and film screenings are regularly held.

Stockgrove Country Park is in nearby Heath and Reach.

After the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 Leighton Buzzard became the centre of a poor law union that consisted of 15 surrounding parishes with the union workhouse (still standing) being sited in Grovebury Road.

A network of historic tunnels exists under the High Street; these are believed to date from medieval times. The tunnels have not been investigated, but one is easily accessible from the cellarage of Wilkinson Estate Agents at the top of Market Square. The cellar, probably an ice house, extends under the road by some 16 feet and is in very good condition. The tunnel is sealed for safety reasons. It goes in a southerly direction towards the former Market Tavern (now Bell) public house some 100 yards and legend has it that other tunnels from the church and other public houses link up under the street in network that covers some 500 yards.

Sport

See also: Sport in Bedfordshire

Leighton Buzzard is represented by the sporting teams of Leighton Town F.C. who play football in the Southern League Division One Midlands. Also at the Bell Close Site are Leighton Buzzard Tennis Club who have been a part of the town since the 1930s. Leighton Buzzard Hockey Club established in 1901, play field hockey and run 4 Men's and 4 Ladies teams of all ability. The Men's teams play in the South Hockey League and the Ladies teams play in the 5 Counties Hockey League. Leighton Buzzard Hockey Club also have junior sides; starting age of 5. Leighton Buzzard R.F.C. play rugby union in South West 1 East and the Ladies rugby team play in NC South East North 2. Leighton Buzzard Golf Club was established in 1905 and there is also an active running club, Leighton Buzzard Athletics Club. Established in 2011 Leighton Buzzard Road Cycling Club is a cycling club for riders of all abilities. Their race team LBRCC-Solgar compete in local, as well as national, cycling events. Established in 2000, Leighton Linslade Croquet Club ([4] www.leightonlinsladecroquet.org.uk), a member of the Croquet Association, have three croquet lawns in Pages Park next to the pavilion. The club takes part in many national croquet competitions and is a member of the East Anglian Croquet Association (EACF).

Geography

Climate

Leighton Buzzard experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb) similar to almost all of the United Kingdom.

Climate data for Leighton Buzzard
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	6 (43)	7 (45)	10 (50)	12 (54)	16 (61)	19 (66)	21 (70)	22 (72)	18 (64)	14 (57)	9 (48)	6 (43)	13 (55)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	3 (37)	3 (37)	4 (39)	5 (41)	8 (46)	10 (50)	12 (54)	13 (55)	11 (52)	8 (46)	5 (41)	3 (37)	7 (45)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	69.3 (2.73)	59.4 (2.34)	46.5 (1.83)	70.1 (2.76)	58.1 (2.29)	58.9 (2.32)	46.0 (1.81)	68.9 (2.71)	51.7 (2.04)	84.3 (3.32)	93.9 (3.70)	80.9 (3.19)	788.0 (31.02)
Source:

Education

Lower schools

• Beaudesert Lower School – Apennine Way
• Clipstone Brook Lower School – Brooklands Drive
• Greenleas School – Derwent Road
• Greenleas School, Sandhills – Kestrel Way
• Dovery Down Lower School – Heath Road
• Heathwood Lower School – Heath Road
• Leedon Lower School – Highfield Road
• Linslade Lower School
• Mary Bassett Lower School – Bassett Road
• Pulford VA C of E Lower School – Pulford Road
• St George's Lower School – East Street
• St Leonard's (Heath & Reach) V A Lower School
• Stanbridge Lower School
• Southcott Lower School – Bideford Green

Middle schools

• Brooklands Middle School – a school near the south east edge of the town.
• Gilbert Inglefield Academy – next door to Vandyke Upper School.
• Leighton Middle School – in the centre of the town, Mary Norton, who wrote 'The Borrowers' books, lived there in her childhood.
• Linslade Middle School – Situated over the road from Cedars.

Upper schools

• Cedars Upper School – Located on the west edge of town, adjoined to Tiddenfoot Leisure Centre. Cedars was once a grammar school.
• Vandyke Upper School – Situated on the east edge of town, on Vandyke Road. As of late 2006, the school has been undergoing a £2½ million refurbishment.

Other schools

• Oak Bank School – located on Sandy Lane.

Further education

Central Bedfordshire College has a campus near the town centre of Leighton Buzzard called the Learning Warehouse. The college provides a range of full-time and part-time courses for the local community. The college also operates a Learning Shop in the town, which offers basic IT courses.

Infrastructure

The NatWest Bank at Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, England in the style of an Italian palazzo is an example of Neo-Renaissance architecture.

High Street, Leighton Buzzard. The former "Bassett's Bank" (now Barclays Bank) designed by the eminent Victorian architect Alfred Waterhouse.

Leighton Buzzard is close to the M1 motorway and A5 road, and is served by London Midland and Southern services on the West Coast Main Line railway at Leighton Buzzard railway station (in Linslade). The Grand Union Canal runs through the town, alongside the River Ouzel.

Industry

The town is, or has at one time been, the home to various industries including B/E Aerospace (Aircraft Interiors), Polyformes, Lipton Tea which has now closed down, Gossard clothing, Lancer Boss (forklifts, etc.).

The town has a sizeable sand quarrying industry, with good enough quality building sand to export to Egypt. The first and only TXE1 telephone exchange was developed by the General Post Office and went into service in 1968. To meet the growing demand it was added to by two TXE2 exchanges and a TXE6 exchange on the night of 18 August 1971. A third TXE2 was added later but everything was replaced by a TXE4 exchange around 1977. Some of the TXE2 equipment was used to provide a new TXE2 at West Mersea Island in Essex. The large building, built on the site of the former Lake House, that housed all these TXE exchanges and the current digital exchange can be found in Lake Street.

Countrywide and Connells/Sequence, the UK's two largest estate agents' chains, both have their head offices in the town, as does the UK branch of Tupperware. FTSE 250 company Rightmove had their first ever office in the town, which at the time consisted of just 25 employees.

Expansion

In the west, Linslade has merged with Southcott. Leighton Buzzard is expanding eastwards: 2,500–4,500 homes including 35% affordable housing are planned for east Leighton Buzzard for the Luton/Dunstable/Houghton Regis growth area and 900 homes including 35% affordable housing are being considered west of Linslade. Leighton Buzzard now encompasses RAF Stanbridge and the former hamlet of Leedon.

The population of Leighton-Linslade was originally recorded in the 2001 census as 32,417. Part of Billington parish was transferred in 2003 to Leighton-Linslade, and the revised census result including this area was 32,753. The population is estimated to have reached 37,000 in 2009 and is forecast to rise to 39,900 by 2012.

The town is expanding southwards, with the development of sites in Southern Leighton Buzzard through the Southern Leighton Buzzard Development Brief.

Twin towns

Leighton Buzzard was twinned with Coulommiers in 1958. The twinning was renewed in 1982. It was also twinned with Titisee-Neustadt in 1991.

Notable people

• Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild (1839–1898) lived in Leighton House in the High Street (demolished in 1959 for the Co-op furniture store, but now the site is occupied by Wilkinson's) before building and moving to Waddesdon Manor.
• Mary Norton (1903–1992), children's writer, was brought up in The Cedars on the High Street.
• Philip O'Connor (1916–1998), poet, was born in the town.
• Louise Dearman (born 1979), who played Glinda in the West End production of Wicked, was brought up in Leighton Buzzard, attending Linslade Middle School and Cedars Upper School.
• Simon Tofield, creator of the popular Simon's Cat series of YouTube animations, grew up in Leighton Buzzard.
• Other famous residents of the town and nearby villages include Kriss Akabusi, Steve Askew, Nick Beggs, Frank Bruno, Alastair Cook, Darren Gough and Bob Monkhouse.
• Triple Olympic gold medallist Charlotte Dujardin was brought up in the town and attended Vandyke Upper School.
• The 1960s group The Barron Knights formed in Leighton Buzzard, as did the 1980s pop group Kajagoogoo.
• Actor Rusty Goffe lives in the town.

In popular culture

One of the local quarries was used in the Hamunaptra scene in The Mummy Returns and more recently a scene for The Da Vinci Code.

In addition, the town and surrounding area is referenced in Mary Norton's popular series, The Borrowers. It is mentioned in Saki's short story "The Secret Sin of Septimus Brope".

A 'Leighton Beau-desart in Bedfordshire' is mentioned in Chapter 4 of The Storm by Daniel Defoe.

See also

• Operation Netwing, a long-running investigation of forced labour and human trafficking in Bedfordshire, by Irish Travellers.

References

• Kevin Quick (2005). Leighton-Linslade Past Times. Retrieved 17 May 2005

External links

• "Leighton Buzzard" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911.
• Bedfordshire Library Service Leighton Buzzard Timeline