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The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as President of Bolivia.
The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as President of Bolivia.
==United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (1810–1831)==

===Junta presidents (1810–1811)===

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan=2 width="10%"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 width="25%"|Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=2 width="31.4%"|Term of office
!rowspan=2 width="26%"|Notes<br />
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|{{tooltip|R.|References}}
|-
!Start
!End
|-
| rowspan=2| [[File:Saavedra 2.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan=2| [[Cornelio Saavedra]]<br />{{small|(1759–1829)}}
| 25 May 1810
| 18 December 1810
| align=left| President of the [[Primera Junta]], at the beginning of the [[Argentine War of Independence]]. He is regarded as the first president of a national government.<ref>"Buenos Aires, diciembre 16 de 1829.- El primer comandante de Patricios, el primer presidente de un gobierno patrio, pudo sólo quedar olvidado en su fallecimiento por las circunstancias calamitosas en que el país se hallaba. Después que ellas han terminado, sería una ingratitud negar a ciudadano tan eminente el tributo de honor rendido a su mérito, y a una vida ilustrada con tantas virtudes, que supo consagrar entera al servicio de su patria. El gobierno, para cumplir un deber tan sagrado, acuerda y decreta: Artículo 1º: En el [[La Recoleta Cemetery|cementerio del Norte]] se levantará, por cuenta del gobierno, un monumento en que se depositarán los restos del brigadier general D. Cornelio Saavedra. Artículo 2º: Se archivará en la Biblioteca Pública un manuscrito autógrafo del mismo brigadier general, con arreglo a lo que previene el decreto de 6 de octubre de 1821. Artículo 3º: Comuníquese y publíquese. Rosas – Tomás Guido".</ref>
| rowspan=2|<ref>Rosa, vol. II, p.199-306</ref>
|-
| 18 December 1810
| 26 August 1811
| align=left| President of the [[Junta Grande]]. Left to serve in the [[Army of the North]].
|-
| [[File:Matheu.jpg|100px]]
| [[Domingo Matheu]]<br />{{small|(1765–1831)}}
| 26 August 1811
| 23 September 1811
| align=left| President of the Junta Grande, from Saavedra's departure to the dissolution of it.
| <ref>Rosa, vol. II, p. 306-319</ref>
|}

===Triumvirates (1811–1814)===

{| width=100% class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=4| <big>[[First Triumvirate (Argentina)|First Triumvirate]]</big><br />23 September 1811 – 8 October 1812
|-
! 23 September 1811 – 23 March 1812
! 23 March 1812 – 8 October 1812
|-
| colspan=2 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:FelicianoChiclana.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Feliciano Chiclana]]<br />{{small|(1761–1826)}}
|-
| colspan=2 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Manuel de Sarratea.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Manuel de Sarratea]]<br />{{small|(1774–1849)}}
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Juanjpaso.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Juan José Paso]]<br />{{small|(1758–1833)}}
| style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Juan Martin de Pueyrredon por Villar.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Juan Martín de Pueyrredón]]<br />{{small|(1776–1850)}}
|}

{| width=100% class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=4| <big>[[Second Triumvirate (Argentina)|Second Triumvirate]]</big><br />8 October 1812 – 31 January 1814
|-
! 8 October 1812 – 20 February 1813
! 20 February 1813 – 19 August 1813
! 19 August 1813 – 5 November 1813
! 5 November 1813 – 31 January 1814
|-
| colspan=4 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:NRodriguez.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Nicolás Rodríguez Peña]]<br />{{small|(1775–1853)}}
|-
| colspan=2 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:AntonioAlvarezJonte.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Antonio Álvarez Jonte]]<br />{{small|(1784–1820)}}
| colspan=2 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Posadas.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Gervasio Antonio de Posadas]]<br />{{small|(1757–1833)}}
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Juanjpaso.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Juan José Paso]]<br />{{small|(1758–1833)}}
| colspan=2 style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[José Julián Pérez]]<br />{{small|(1770–1840)}}
| style="vertical-align: top;" align="middle" | [[File:Juan Larrea.jpg|middle|100px]]<br />[[Juan Larrea (politician)|Juan Larrea]]<br />{{small|(1782–1847)}}
|}

===Supreme Directors (1814–1820)===
{{main|Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata}}

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan=2 width="10%"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 width="25%"|Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=2 width="31.4%"|Term of office
!rowspan=2 width="26%"|Notes<br />
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|{{tooltip|R.|References}}
|-
!Start
!End
|-
| [[File:Posadas.jpg|100px]]
| [[Gervasio Antonio de Posadas]]<br />{{small|(1757–1833)}}
| 31 January 1814
| 9 January 1815
| align=left| Chosen by the ''[[Asamblea del Año XIII|Assembly of the Year 1813]]''.
| <ref>Rosa, Vol. III, p. 75-114</ref>
|-
| [[File:CarlosAlvearcolor.jpg|100px]]
| [[Carlos María de Alvear]]<br />{{small|(1789–1852)}}
| 9 January 1815
| 18 April 1815
| align=left| Forced to resign by a mutiny.
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 114-129</ref>
|-
| [[File:Retrato más canónico de José de San Martín.jpg|100px]]<br />[[File:Matiasdeirigoyen.jpg|100px]]<br />[[File:Manuel de Sarratea.jpg|100px]]
| [[José de San Martín]]<br />{{small|(1778–1850)}}<br /><br />[[Matías de Irigoyen]]<br />{{small|(1781–1839)}}<br /><br />[[Manuel de Sarratea]]<br />{{small|(1774–1849)}}
| 18 April 1815
| 20 April 1815
| align=left| Third Triumvirate. Interim government until the appointment of a new Supreme Director.
|
|-
| [[File:Jose Rondeau.jpg|100px]]
| [[José Rondeau]]<br />{{small|(1773–1844)}}
| 20 April 1815
| 21 April 1815
| align=left| Appointed successor of Alvear, could not take office because he was in command of the [[Army of the North]]
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 143</ref>
|-
| [[File:Alvarez thomas.jpg|100px]]
| [[Ignacio Álvarez Thomas]]<br />{{small|(1787–1857)}}
| 21 April 1815
| 16 April 1816
| align=left| ''Acting'', for Rondeau. Convened the [[Congress of Tucumán]], that would declare Independence.
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 143-160</ref>
|-
| [[File:Antonio Gonzalez Balcarce.jpg|100px]]
| [[Antonio González de Balcarce]]<br />{{small|(1774–1819)}}
| 16 April 1816
| 9 July 1816
| align=left| Interim.
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 160</ref>
|-
| [[File:Juan Martin de Pueyrredon por Villar.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan Martín de Pueyrredón]]<br />{{small|(1776–1850)}}
| 9 July 1816
| 9 June 1819
| align=left| First Argentine Head of State after the [[Argentine Declaration of Independence]]. Supported the [[Crossing of the Andes]].
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 161-242</ref>
|-
| [[File:Jose Rondeau.jpg|100px]]
| [[José Rondeau]]<br />{{small|(1773–1844)}}
| 9 June 1819
| 1 February 1820
| align=left| Decisively defeated at the [[Battle of Cepeda (1820)|Battle of Cepeda]] by Federalist forces opposed to the [[Argentine Constitution of 1819|1819 centralist Constitution]].
| <ref>Rosa, vol. III, p. 242-253</ref>
|-
| [[File:Juan Pedro Aguirre.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan Pedro Aguirre]]<br />{{small|(1781–1837)}}
| 1 February 1820
| 11 February 1820
| align=left| Interim. Dissolved the National Congress and endorsed the Buenos Aires Cabildo to choose a Governor for Buenos Aires Province instead of the previous post of Governor Mayor.
|
|}

=== Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1820–1826) ===

Between 1820 and 1826, the United Provinces functioned as a loose alliance of autonomous provinces put together by pacts and treaties (see [[Treaty of Pilar]], [[Treaty of Benegas]], [[Quadrilateral Treaty]]), but lacking any actual central government until the 1825 Constitutional Congress.

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan=2 width="10%"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 width="25%"|Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=2 width="31.4%"|Term of office
!rowspan=2 width="26%"|Notes<br />
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|{{tooltip|R.|References}}
|-
!Start
!End
|-
| [[File:Matiasdeirigoyen.jpg|100px]]
| [[Matías de Irigoyen]]<br />{{small|(1781–1839)}}
| 11 February 1820
| 18 February 1820
| align=left| He had been Governor Mayor from 9 to 11 February 1820 and was promoted interim as Governor until the appointment of Manuel de Sarratea.
|
|-
| [[File:Sarratea.gif|100px]]
| [[Manuel de Sarratea]]<br />{{small|(1774–1849)}}
| 18 February 1820
| 6 March 1820
| align=left| The political crisis that existed in the country led to his government lacked support from both Buenos Aires and the other provinces. Thus he resigned shortly afterwards.
|
|-
| [[File:JuanRamonGonzalezBalcarce.gif|100px]]
| [[Juan Ramón Balcarce]]<br />{{small|(1773–1836)}}
| 6 March 1820
| 11 March 1820
| align=left| Interim. Resigned.
|
|-
| [[File:Sarratea.gif|100px]]
| [[Manuel de Sarratea]]<br />{{small|(1774–1849)}}
| 11 March 1820
| 2 May 1820
| align=left| He returned to office after the end of the brief government of Balcarce. The circumstances did not improve and ended up resigning a second time.
|
|-
| [[File:Iramosmexia.jpg|100px]]
| [[Ildefonso Ramos Mexía]]<br />{{small|(1769–1854)}}
| 2 May 1820
| 20 June 1820
| align=left|
|
|-
| [[File:Cabildo-Buenos-Aires.jpg|100px]]
| [[Ildefonso Ramos Mexía]] and [[Miguel Estanislao Soler]]
| 20 June 1820
| 23 June 1820
| align=left| They took power simultaneously.
|
|-
| [[File:M E Soler por Bettinoti.jpg|100px]]
| [[Miguel Estanislao Soler]]<br />{{small|(1783–1849)}}
| 23 June 1820
| 29 June 1820
| align=left| He assumed de facto, after an armed uprising, but his government lasted a few days, when the Board of Representatives appointed Manuel Dorrego.
|
|-
| [[File:Manuel Dorrego.jpg|100px]]
| [[Manuel Dorrego]]<br />{{small|(1787–1828)}}
| 29 June 1820
| 20 September 1820
| align=left| Interim.
|
|-
| [[File:Martín Rodríguez 2.JPG|100px]]
| [[Martín Rodríguez (politician)|Martín Rodríguez]]<br />{{small|(1771–1845)}}
| 20 September 1820
| 2 April 1824
| align=left| He signed the Treaty of Benegas and the Quadrilateral.
|
|-
| [[File:General Juan Gregorio Las Heras.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan Gregorio de las Heras]]<br />{{small|(1780–1866)}}
| 2 April 1824
| 7 February 1826
| align=left| He called a Constituent Congress that enacted several laws for which the Unitary Republic was proclaimed. He resigned because of that republic.
|
|}

=== First presidential government (1826–1827)===

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|
!rowspan=2 width="10%"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 width="25%"|Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=2 width="31.4%"|Term of office
!rowspan=2 | Political<br />party
!rowspan=2 width="26%"|Notes<br />
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|{{tooltip|R.|References}}
|-
!Start
!End
|-
| bgcolor=Lightblue|
| [[File:Bernardino Rivadavia 2.jpg|100px]]
| [[Bernardino Rivadavia]]<br />{{small|(1780–1845)}}
| 8 February 1826
| 27 June 1827
| [[Unitarian Party|Unitarian]]
| align=left| Elected by the Constituent Assembly of 1826, before the promulgation of the [[Argentine Constitution of 1826|1826 constitution]].<ref name="Rivadavia"/> Waged the [[Cisplatine War]]. Resigned as the Constitution was rejected by the provinces and the outcome of the war generated popular discontent.
| <ref name="Rivadavia" />{{rp|23–32}}
|-
| bgcolor=Lightgrey|
| [[File:Vicente Lopez 1860.jpg|100px]]
| [[Vicente López y Planes]]<br />{{small|(1785–1856)}}
| 7 July 1827
| 18 August 1827
| —
| align=left| Elected as interim president by the Constituent Assembly of 1826. His mandate was limited to close the Assembly and call for elections for a new governor of Buenos Aires.
| <ref name="Rivadavia"/>
|}

=== Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1827–1831) ===

{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|
!rowspan=2 width="10%"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 width="25%"|Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=2 width="31.4%"|Term of office
!rowspan=2 | Political<br />party
!rowspan=2 width="26%"|Notes<br />
!rowspan=2 width="1%"|{{tooltip|R.|References}}
|-
!Start
!End
|-
| bgcolor=#B31B1B|
| [[File:Dorrego a color.jpg|100px]]
| [[Manuel Dorrego]]<br />{{small|(1787–1828)}}
| 18 August 1827
| 1 December 1828
| [[Federales (Argentina)|Federal]]
| align=left| [[1828 Treaty of Montevideo|Ended]] the [[Cisplatine War]]. Deposed and executed by [[Juan Lavalle]].
| <ref>Rosa, vol. V, p.73-97</ref>
|-
| bgcolor=Lightblue|
| [[File:Lavalle.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan Lavalle]]<br />{{small|(1797–1841)}}
| 1 December 1828
| 26 June 1829
| [[Unitarian Party|Unitarian]]
| align=left| Coup d'état. [[Battle of Márquez Bridge|Defeated in battle]], [[Cañuelas Pact|resigned]] under siege
| <ref>Rosa, vol. IV, p.97-117</ref>
|-
| bgcolor=#B31B1B|
| [[File:Viamonte.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan José Viamonte]]<br />{{small|(1774–1843)}}
| 26 June 1829
| 6 December 1829
| [[Federales (Argentina)|Federal]]
| align=left| Interim.
| <ref>Rosa, vol. IV, p 127-129</ref>
|-
| bgcolor=#B31B1B|
| [[File:Juan Manuel de Rosas.jpg|100px]]
| [[Juan Manuel de Rosas]]<br />{{small|(1793–1877)}}
| 6 December 1829
| 4 January 1831
| [[Federales (Argentina)|Federal]]
| align=left| First term. Convened the [[Pacto Federal|Federal Pact]] and waged war against the [[Unitarian League]].
| <ref name="Rosa, vol. IV, p. 129-171">Rosa, vol. IV, p. 129-171</ref>
|}


==List of Presidents of Bolivia==
==List of Presidents of Bolivia==

Revision as of 02:16, 24 April 2020

Politics of Bolivia
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This article contains a list of presidents of Bolivia, from the Declaration of Independence after the conclusion of the War of Independence (1825) to the present day.

Background

The origins of Bolivia are trackables to Chuquisaca Revolution of 1809 in Upper Peru,[1] followed by La Paz revolution within the same year, which was part of the Latin American wars of independence against Spanish colonial governments. Despite other struggles for independence, the insurgents immediately formed a constitutional government who rejected any oath or compromise with Spain. The rebel government also integrated all parts of population, including mestizos and indigenous. However, by the early 1810, the rebels were defeated, with their leaders executed or hunted down, leaving the neighboring countries of Peru and Argentina to fight for the controls of the Upper Peru areas.[2]

In early 1825, General Antonio José de Sucre led his army to Upper Peru after his triumph in the Battle of Ayacucho on 9 December 1824, which ended the Spanish rule over Peru, entering La Paz on 9 February 1825. After his arrival, he issued a decree considered the milestone of Bolivian independence, calling a "General Assembly of Deputies of Upper Peru" in the town of Oruro (then moved to Chuquisaca, present-day Sucre) to clarify the political status of the province.[3] On 6 August 1825, the representatives voted for three alternatives: annexation to Peru, annexation to Argentina or full independence and establishment of a republican state.[4] The large majority of deputies opted for independence, and Upper Peru was declared a country in the same day. The General Simón Bolívar was deeply popular in the region, and was immediately elected by the General Assembly as President. To honor who was considered one of the great libertadores, the delegates chose to name Upper Peru as "Republic of Bolívar", changing it into Bolivia in 3 October 1825, echoing the delegate Manuel Martín Cruz who stated "If to Romulus, Rome; to Bolívar, Bolivia" (Si de Rómulo, Roma; de Bolívar, Bolivia).[5]

History

During its more than 192 years of independence, Bolivia has been ruled by the military leaders who fought for independence, the leaders of the War of the Pacific, representatives of the aristocracy, and democratically elected leaders. Also, the history of the presidency has involved civil wars, more than 190 coups and violence.

Different titles have been used, such as "Liberator of Bolivia" (used by Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre), and "Supreme Protector" (by Andrés de Santa Cruz).

The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as President of Bolivia.

United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (1810–1831)

Junta presidents (1810–1811)

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Notes
 R.
Start End
Cornelio Saavedra
(1759–1829) 		25 May 1810 18 December 1810 President of the Primera Junta, at the beginning of the Argentine War of Independence. He is regarded as the first president of a national government.[6] [7]
18 December 1810 26 August 1811 President of the Junta Grande. Left to serve in the Army of the North.
Domingo Matheu
(1765–1831) 		26 August 1811 23 September 1811 President of the Junta Grande, from Saavedra's departure to the dissolution of it. [8]

Triumvirates (1811–1814)

First Triumvirate
23 September 1811 – 8 October 1812
23 September 1811 – 23 March 1812 23 March 1812 – 8 October 1812

Feliciano Chiclana
(1761–1826)

Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849)

Juan José Paso
(1758–1833)
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
(1776–1850)
Second Triumvirate
8 October 1812 – 31 January 1814
8 October 1812 – 20 February 1813 20 February 1813 – 19 August 1813 19 August 1813 – 5 November 1813 5 November 1813 – 31 January 1814

Nicolás Rodríguez Peña
(1775–1853)

Antonio Álvarez Jonte
(1784–1820)
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas
(1757–1833)

Juan José Paso
(1758–1833) 		José Julián Pérez
(1770–1840)
Juan Larrea
(1782–1847)

Supreme Directors (1814–1820)

Main article: Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Notes
 R.
Start End
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas
(1757–1833) 		31 January 1814 9 January 1815 Chosen by the Assembly of the Year 1813. [9]
Carlos María de Alvear
(1789–1852) 		9 January 1815 18 April 1815 Forced to resign by a mutiny. [10]


José de San Martín
(1778–1850)

Matías de Irigoyen
(1781–1839)

Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849) 		18 April 1815 20 April 1815 Third Triumvirate. Interim government until the appointment of a new Supreme Director.
José Rondeau
(1773–1844) 		20 April 1815 21 April 1815 Appointed successor of Alvear, could not take office because he was in command of the Army of the North [11]
Ignacio Álvarez Thomas
(1787–1857) 		21 April 1815 16 April 1816 Acting, for Rondeau. Convened the Congress of Tucumán, that would declare Independence. [12]
Antonio González de Balcarce
(1774–1819) 		16 April 1816 9 July 1816 Interim. [13]
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
(1776–1850) 		9 July 1816 9 June 1819 First Argentine Head of State after the Argentine Declaration of Independence. Supported the Crossing of the Andes. [14]
José Rondeau
(1773–1844) 		9 June 1819 1 February 1820 Decisively defeated at the Battle of Cepeda by Federalist forces opposed to the 1819 centralist Constitution. [15]
Juan Pedro Aguirre
(1781–1837) 		1 February 1820 11 February 1820 Interim. Dissolved the National Congress and endorsed the Buenos Aires Cabildo to choose a Governor for Buenos Aires Province instead of the previous post of Governor Mayor.

Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1820–1826)

Between 1820 and 1826, the United Provinces functioned as a loose alliance of autonomous provinces put together by pacts and treaties (see Treaty of Pilar, Treaty of Benegas, Quadrilateral Treaty), but lacking any actual central government until the 1825 Constitutional Congress.

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Notes
 R.
Start End
Matías de Irigoyen
(1781–1839) 		11 February 1820 18 February 1820 He had been Governor Mayor from 9 to 11 February 1820 and was promoted interim as Governor until the appointment of Manuel de Sarratea.
Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849) 		18 February 1820 6 March 1820 The political crisis that existed in the country led to his government lacked support from both Buenos Aires and the other provinces. Thus he resigned shortly afterwards.
Juan Ramón Balcarce
(1773–1836) 		6 March 1820 11 March 1820 Interim. Resigned.
Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849) 		11 March 1820 2 May 1820 He returned to office after the end of the brief government of Balcarce. The circumstances did not improve and ended up resigning a second time.
Ildefonso Ramos Mexía
(1769–1854) 		2 May 1820 20 June 1820
Ildefonso Ramos Mexía and Miguel Estanislao Soler 20 June 1820 23 June 1820 They took power simultaneously.
Miguel Estanislao Soler
(1783–1849) 		23 June 1820 29 June 1820 He assumed de facto, after an armed uprising, but his government lasted a few days, when the Board of Representatives appointed Manuel Dorrego.
Manuel Dorrego
(1787–1828) 		29 June 1820 20 September 1820 Interim.
Martín Rodríguez
(1771–1845) 		20 September 1820 2 April 1824 He signed the Treaty of Benegas and the Quadrilateral.
Juan Gregorio de las Heras
(1780–1866) 		2 April 1824 7 February 1826 He called a Constituent Congress that enacted several laws for which the Unitary Republic was proclaimed. He resigned because of that republic.

First presidential government (1826–1827)

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political
party 		Notes
 R.
Start End
Bernardino Rivadavia
(1780–1845) 		8 February 1826 27 June 1827 Unitarian Elected by the Constituent Assembly of 1826, before the promulgation of the 1826 constitution.[16] Waged the Cisplatine War. Resigned as the Constitution was rejected by the provinces and the outcome of the war generated popular discontent. [16]: 23–32 
Vicente López y Planes
(1785–1856) 		7 July 1827 18 August 1827 — Elected as interim president by the Constituent Assembly of 1826. His mandate was limited to close the Assembly and call for elections for a new governor of Buenos Aires. [16]

Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1827–1831)

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political
party 		Notes
 R.
Start End
Manuel Dorrego
(1787–1828) 		18 August 1827 1 December 1828 Federal Ended the Cisplatine War. Deposed and executed by Juan Lavalle. [17]
Juan Lavalle
(1797–1841) 		1 December 1828 26 June 1829 Unitarian Coup d'état. Defeated in battle, resigned under siege [18]
Juan José Viamonte
(1774–1843) 		26 June 1829 6 December 1829 Federal Interim. [19]
Juan Manuel de Rosas
(1793–1877) 		6 December 1829 4 January 1831 Federal First term. Convened the Federal Pact and waged war against the Unitarian League. [20]

List of Presidents of Bolivia

N Picture Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Party Title(s)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |1 Simón Bolívar
(1783–1830) 		11 August 1825 29 December 1825 Independent Liberator of Bolivia
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |2 Antonio José de Sucre
(1795–1830) 		29 December 1825 18 April 1828 Independent Liberator of Bolivia (29 December 1825 – 19 June 1826)
President (19 June 1826 – 18 April 1828)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |3 José María Pérez de Urdininea
(1784–1865) 		18 April 1828 2 August 1828 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |4 José Miguel de Velasco Franco
(1795–1859) 		2 August 1828 18 December 1828 Independent Acting President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |5 Pedro Blanco Soto
(1795–1829) 		18 December 1828 1 January 1829 Independent Provisional President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |4 José Miguel de Velasco Franco
(1795–1859) 		1 January 1829 24 May 1829 Independent Acting President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |6 Andrés de Santa Cruz
(1792–1865) 		24 May 1829 20 February 1839 Independent Provisional President (29 May 1829 – 15 August 1831)
President (15 August 1831 – 20 February 1839)
Supreme Protector of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation (28 October 1836 – 20 February 1839)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |4 José Miguel de Velasco Franco
(1795–1859) 		20 February 1839 10 June 1841 Independent Provisional Supreme Chief (20 February 1839 – 16 June 1839)
Provisional President (16 June 1839 – 15 August 1840)
President (15 August 1840 – 10 June 1841)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |7 Sebastián Ágreda
(1795–1875) 		10 June 1841 9 July 1841 Independent Provisional Chief
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |8 Mariano Calvo
(1782–1842) 		9 July 1841 22 September 1841 Independent Acting President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |9 José Ballivián
(1805–1852) 		22 September 1841 23 December 1847 Independent Provisional President (22 September 1841 – 15 August 1844)
President (15 August 1844 – 23 December 1847)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |10 Eusebio Guilarte Vera
(1805–1849) 		23 December 1847 2 January 1848 Independent Interim President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |4 José Miguel de Velasco Franco
(1795–1859) 		18 January 1848 6 December 1848 Independent Provisional President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |11 Manuel Isidoro Belzu
(1808–1865) 		6 December 1848 15 August 1855 Independent Provisional President (6 December 1848 – 15 August 1850)
President (15 August 1850 – 15 August 1855)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |12 Jorge Córdova
(1822–1861) 		15 August 1855 21 October 1857 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |13 José María Linares
(1808–1861) 		21 October 1857 14 January 1861 Independent Provisional President (21 October 1857 – 1858)
Dictator for Life (1858 – 14 January 1861)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |14 José María de Achá
(1810–1868) 		4 May 1861 28 December 1864 Independent Provisional President (4 May 1861 – 15 August 1862)
President (15 August 1862 – 28 December 1864)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |15 Mariano Melgarejo
(1820–1871) 		28 December 1864 15 January 1871 Independent Provisional President (28 December 1864 – 15 August 1870)
President (15 August 1870 – 15 January 1871)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |16 Agustín Morales
(1808–1872) 		15 January 1871 27 November 1872 Independent Supreme Chief of the Revolution (15 January 1871 – 21 January 1871)
Provisional President (21 January 1871 – 25 August 1872)
President (25 August 1872 – 27 November 1872)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |17 Tomás Frías Ametller
(1804–1884) 		28 November 1872 9 May 1873 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |18 Adolfo Ballivián
(1831–1874) 		9 May 1873 14 February 1874 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |17 Tomás Frías Ametller
(1804–1884) 		14 February 1874 4 May 1876 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |19 Hilarión Daza
(1840–1894) 		4 May 1876 17 April 1879 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |20 Pedro José Domingo de Guerra
(1809–1879) 		17 April 1879 10 September 1879 Independent President
21 Narciso Campero
(1813–1896) 		19 January 1880 3 September 1884 Conservative Party President
22 Gregorio Pacheco
(1823–1899) 		3 September 1884 15 August 1888 Democratic Party President
23 Aniceto Arce
(1824–1906) 		15 August 1888 11 August 1892 Conservative Party President
24 Mariano Baptista
(1832–1907) 		11 August 1892 19 August 1896 Conservative Party President
25 Severo Fernández
(1849–1925) 		19 August 1896 12 April 1899 Conservative Party President
26 Government Junta 12 April 1899 25 October 1899 Military Members:
José Manuel Pando
Serapio Reyes Ortiz
Macario Pinilla Vargas
27 José Manuel Pando
(1849–1917) 		25 October 1899 14 August 1904 Liberal Party President
28 Ismael Montes
(1861–1933) 		14 August 1904 12 October 1909 Liberal Party President
29 Eliodoro Villazón
(1848–1939) 		12 October 1909 14 October 1913 Liberal Party President
28 Ismael Montes
(1861–1933) 		14 October 1913 15 October 1917 Liberal Party President
30 José Gutiérrez Guerra
(1869–1929) 		15 October 1917 12 July 1920 Liberal Party President
Government Junta 13 July 1920 28 January 1921 Socialist Republican Party President
31 José María Escalier 28 January 1921 28 January 1921 Socialist Republican Party President
32 José Manuel Ramírez 28 January 1921 28 January 1921 Socialist Republican Party President
33 Bautista Saavedra
(1870–1939) 		28 January 1921 3 September 1925 Socialist Republican Party President
34 Felipe S. Guzmán
(1879–1932) 		3 September 1925 10 January 1926 Socialist Republican Party Provisional President
35 Hernando Siles Reyes
(1882–1942) 		10 January 1926 28 May 1930 Nationalist Party President
36 .

Fidel Vega


28 May 1930 25 June 1930 Members:
Alberto Díez de Medina
Germán Antelo Arauz (to 17 June 1930)
Franklin Mercado
David Toro
José Aguirre Achá
Fidel Vega
Carlos Banzer
Ezequiel Romecín Calderón (from 17 June 1930)
37 David Toro (1898–1977) 25 June 1930 25 June 1930 Military Chairman of the Government Junta
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |38 Carlos Blanco Galindo
(1882–1943)


28 June 1930 5 March 1931 Military Chairman of the Military Government Junta

Members:

39 Bernardino Bilbao Rioja 5 March 1931 5 March 1931
40 Daniel Salamanca Urey
(1869–1935) 		5 March 1931 27 November 1934 Genuine Republican Party President
41 José Luis Tejada Sorzano
(1882–1938) 		28 November 1934 17 May 1936 Liberal Party President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |42 Germán Busch
(1904–1939) 		17 May 1936 20 May 1936 Military Chairman of the Government Junta
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |43 David Toro
(1898–1977) 		20 May 1936 13 July 1937 Military Chairman of the Government Junta
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |42 Germán Busch
(1904–1939) 		13 July 1937 23 August 1939 Military Chairman of the Government Junta (13 July 1937 – 28 May 1938)
President (28 May 1938 – 23 August 1939)
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |44 Carlos Quintanilla
(1888–1964) 		23 August 1939 15 April 1940 Military Provisional President
45 Enrique Peñaranda
(1892–1969) 		15 April 1940 20 December 1943 Concordance President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |46 Gualberto Villarroel
(1908–1946) 		20 December 1943 21 July 1946 Military Chairman of the Government Junta (20 December 1943 – 5 April 1944)
Provisional President (5 April 1944 – 6 August 1944)
President (6 August 1944 – 21 July 1946)
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |47 Néstor Guillén
(1890–1966) 		21 July 1946 15 August 1946 Independent Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |48 Tomás Monje
(1884–1954) 		15 August 1946 10 March 1947 Independent Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta
49 Enrique Hertzog
(1896–1980) 		10 March 1947 22 October 1949 Republican Socialist Unity Party President
50 Mamerto Urriolagoitía
(1895–1974) 		22 October 1949 16 May 1951 Republican Socialist Unity Party Acting President (22 October 1949 – 24 October 1949)
President (24 October 1949 – 16 May 1951)
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |51 Hugo Ballivián
(1901–1993)
16 May 1951 11 April 1952 Military Chairman of the Military Junta

Members:
Antonió Seleme Vargas
Humberto Torres Ortiz

style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |52 Hernán Siles Zuazo
(1914–1996) 		11 April 1952 16 April 1952 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement Provisional President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |53 Víctor Paz Estenssoro
(1907–2001) 		16 April 1952 6 August 1956 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |52 Hernán Siles Zuazo
(1914–1996) 		6 August 1956 6 August 1960 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |53 Víctor Paz Estenssoro
(1907–2001) 		6 August 1960 4 November 1964 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |54 René Barrientos
(1919–1969) 		5 November 1964 26 May 1965 Military Chairman of the Military Junta
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" | 26 May 1965 2 January 1966 Military Co-Chairmen of the Military Junta
Alfredo Ovando Candía
(1918–1982)
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |55 2 January 1966 6 August 1966 Military Chairman of the Military Junta
style="background:Template:Popular Christian Movement/meta/color; color:white" |56 René Barrientos
(1919–1969) 		6 August 1966 27 April 1969 Popular Christian Movement President
57 Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas
(1925–2005) 		27 April 1969 26 September 1969 Social Democratic Party President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |55 Alfredo Ovando Candía
(1918–1982) 		26 September 1969 6 October 1970 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |58 Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1970


6 October 1970 7 October 1971 Military Members:
Efraín Guachalla Ibáñez
Fernando Sattori Ribera
Alberto Albarracín Crespo
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |59 Juan José Torres
(1920–1976) 		7 October 1970 21 August 1971 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |60 Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1971


21 August 1971 22 August 1971 Military Members:
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |61 Hugo Banzer
(1926–2002) 		22 August 1971 21 July 1978 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |62 Víctor González Fuentes 21 July 1978 21 July 1978 Military Chairman of the Military Junta
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |63 File:Juan Pereda Asbún.jpg Juan Pereda
(1931–2012) 		21 July 1978 24 November 1978 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |64 David Padilla
(1927–2016) 		24 November 1978 8 August 1979 Military Chairman of the Military Junta
style="background:Template:Authentic Revolutionary Party/meta/color; color:white" |65 Wálter Guevara
(1912–1996) 		8 August 1979 1 November 1979 Authentic Revolutionary Party Acting President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |66 File:Alberto Natusch Bush.jpg Alberto Natusch
(1933–1994) 		1 November 1979 16 November 1979 Military President
67 Lidia Gueiler Tejada
(1921–2011) 		16 November 1979 17 July 1980 Revolutionary Left Front Acting President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |68 Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1980 17 July 1980 18 July 1980 Military Members:
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |69 Luis García Meza
(1929–2018) 		18 July 1980 4 August 1981 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |70 Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1981 4 August 1981 4 September 1981 Military Members:
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |71 File:Celso Torrelio Villa.jpg Celso Torrelio
(1933–1999) 		4 September 1981 19 July 1982 Military President
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |72 Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1982


19 July 1982 21 July 1982 Military Members:
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:black" |73 Guido Vildoso
(1937–) 		21 July 1982 10 October 1982 Military President
52 Hernán Siles Zuazo
(1914–1996) 		10 October 1982 6 August 1985 Democratic and Popular Union President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |53 Víctor Paz Estenssoro
(1907–2001) 		6 August 1985 6 August 1989 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Left Movement (Bolivia)/meta/color; color:white" |74 Jaime Paz Zamora
(1939–) 		6 August 1989 6 August 1993 Revolutionary Left Movement President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |75 Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
(1930–) 		6 August 1993 6 August 1997 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Nationalist Democratic Action/meta/color; color:white" |76 Hugo Banzer
(1926–2002) 		6 August 1997 7 August 2001 Nationalist Democratic Action President
style="background:Template:Nationalist Democratic Action/meta/color; color:white" |77 Jorge Quiroga
(1960–) 		7 August 2001 6 August 2002 Nationalist Democratic Action President
style="background:Template:Revolutionary Nationalist Movement/meta/color; color:white" |78 Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
(1930–) 		6 August 2002 17 October 2003 Revolutionary Nationalist Movement President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |79 Carlos Mesa
(1953–) 		17 October 2003 9 June 2005 Independent President
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" |80 File:R veltze presidente.jpg Eduardo Rodríguez
(1956–) 		9 June 2005 22 January 2006 Independent President
style="background:Template:Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)/meta/color; color:white" |81 Evo Morales
(1959–) 		22 January 2006 10 November 2019 Movement for Socialism President
style="background:Template:Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)/meta/color;"|82 File:Adriana Salvatierra (cropped).jpg Adriana Salvatierra

(1959–)

10 November 2019 11 November 2019 Movement for Socialism President
style="background:Template:Social Democrat Movement/meta/color;" |83 Jeanine Áñez
(1967–) 		11 November 2019 Democrat Social Movement President

Latest election

Main article: 2019 Bolivian general election

Historical reputation

In 1983, a poll was taken by the newspaper Última Hora to determine which seven historical presidents were regarded as most significant. The "winners" were Antonio José de Sucre, Andrés de Santa Cruz, Manuel Isidoro Belzu, Mariano Melgarejo, Aniceto Arce, Ismael Montes, and Víctor Paz Estenssoro.

Presidential succession

In the event of the death or permanent incapacity of the President, the Vice President of Bolivia would assume the office. The President of the Senate and the President of the Chamber of Deputies are third and fourth in the line of succession. In the 2005 political crisis, with all of these positions exhausted, Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé, the Chief Justice of the Bolivian Supreme Court, assumed the presidency. Under the 2009 Constitution, however, the assumption of power by the President of the Chamber of Deputies automatically precipitates an election within 90 days.<ref name="cons">"Artículo 169: En caso de impedimento o ausencia definitiva de la Presidenta o del Presidente del Estado, será reemplazada o reemplazado en el cargo por la Vicepresidenta o el Vicepresidente y, a falta de ésta o éste, por la Presidenta o el Presidente del Senado, y a falta de ésta o éste por la Presidente o el Presidente de la Cámara de Diputados. En este último caso, se convocarán nuevas elecciones en el plazo máximo de noventa días." {{cite book |title=Nueva Constitución Política del Estado |

Acting President

In the case of temporary incapacity or absence from the country, the title of Acting President (Spanish: Presidente en ejercicio) is transferred to lower officials according to the order of presidential succession. In September 2012, Senate President Gabriela Montaño became the first woman to assume this office since the presidency of Lidia Gueiler Tejada.


Timeline

Evo MoralesEduardo RodríguezCarlos MesaJorge QuirogaGonzalo Sánchez de LozadaJaime Paz ZamoraGuido VildosoÁngel Mariscal GómezNatalio Morales MosqueraÓscar Jaime PammoCelso TorrelioRamiro Terrazas RodríguezWaldo Bernal PereiraLuis García Meza TejadaLidiaGueiler TejadaAlberto NatuschWálter GuevaraDavid PadillaJuan PeredaVictor González FuentesJaime Florentino Mendieta VargasHugo BanzerAndrés Selich ChopJuan José TorresAlberto Albarracín CrespoFernando Sattori RiberaEfraín Guachalla IbáñezLuis Adolfo Siles SalinasAlfredo Ovando CandíaRené BarrientosVíctor Paz EstenssoroHernán Siles ZuazoHugo BalliviánMamerto UrriolagoitíaEnrique HertzogTomás MonjeNéstor GuillénGualberto VillarroelEnrique PeñarandaCarlos QuintanillaGermán BuschJosé Luis Tejada SorzanoDaniel Salamanca UreyCarlos Blanco GalindoEzequiel Romecín CalderónCarlos BanzerFidel VegaJosé Aguirre AcháDavid ToroFranklin MercadoGermán Antelo ArauzAlberto Díez de MedinaHernando Siles ReyesFelipe S. GuzmánJosé Manuel RamirezJosé Maria EscalierBautista SaavedraJosé Gutiérrez GuerraEliodoro VillazónIsmael MontesMacario Pinilla VargasSerapio Reyes OrtizJosé Manuel PandoSevero FérnandezMariano BaptistaAniceto ArceGregorioP achecoNarciso CamperoPedro José Domingo de GuerraHilarión DazaAdolfo BalliviánTomás Frias AmetllerAgustín MoralesMariano MelgarejoManuel António SanchezJosé Maria AcháRuperto FernándezJosé Maria LinaresJorge CórdovaManuel Isidoro BelzuEusebio Guilarte VeraJosé BalliviánMariano CalvoSebastián ÁgredaAndrés de Santa CruzPedro Blanco SotoJosé Miguel de Velasco FrancoJosé María Pérez de UrdinineaAntonio José de SucreSimón Bolivar

Living former presidents

As of 15 August 2024, there are six living former presidents:

See also

References

  1. ^ Notimérica, ed. (May 5, 2017). "La Revolución de Chuquisaca, 207 años del Primer Grito Libertario de América" (in Spanish).
  2. ^ Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (ed.). "Doctrina del libertador/Simón Bolívar; prólogo Augusto Mijares; compilación, notas y cronología Manuel Pérez Vila" (in Spanish). Retrieved August 2, 2019.
  3. ^ Urgentebo, ed. (August 9, 2016). "La independencia de Bolivia y el Decreto de 9 de febrero de 1825" (in Spanish).
  4. ^ Quispe, Jorge (August 6, 2012). La Razón (ed.). "El 'país viable' que convenció a Bolívar" (in Spanish).
  5. ^ Notimérica, ed. (September 4, 2018). "¿Por qué Bolivia se llama Bolivia?" (in Spanish).
  6. ^ "Buenos Aires, diciembre 16 de 1829.- El primer comandante de Patricios, el primer presidente de un gobierno patrio, pudo sólo quedar olvidado en su fallecimiento por las circunstancias calamitosas en que el país se hallaba. Después que ellas han terminado, sería una ingratitud negar a ciudadano tan eminente el tributo de honor rendido a su mérito, y a una vida ilustrada con tantas virtudes, que supo consagrar entera al servicio de su patria. El gobierno, para cumplir un deber tan sagrado, acuerda y decreta: Artículo 1º: En el cementerio del Norte se levantará, por cuenta del gobierno, un monumento en que se depositarán los restos del brigadier general D. Cornelio Saavedra. Artículo 2º: Se archivará en la Biblioteca Pública un manuscrito autógrafo del mismo brigadier general, con arreglo a lo que previene el decreto de 6 de octubre de 1821. Artículo 3º: Comuníquese y publíquese. Rosas – Tomás Guido".
  7. ^ Rosa, vol. II, p.199-306
  8. ^ Rosa, vol. II, p. 306-319
  9. ^ Rosa, Vol. III, p. 75-114
  10. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 114-129
  11. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 143
  12. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 143-160
  13. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 160
  14. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 161-242
  15. ^ Rosa, vol. III, p. 242-253
  16. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Rivadavia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Rosa, vol. V, p.73-97
  18. ^ Rosa, vol. IV, p.97-117
  19. ^ Rosa, vol. IV, p 127-129
  20. ^ Rosa, vol. IV, p. 129-171
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