Jump to content

Sargodha: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 32°5′1″N 72°40′16″E / 32.08361°N 72.67111°E / 32.08361; 72.67111
Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Reverted good faith edits by Monatowfik (talk): Unnecessary format change, not a spelling correction.
m Undid revision 957599693 by Yamaguchi先生 (talk) Format change improves readability of the article without changing any of the information. If the community still feels necessary to undo my edits, I respect that.
Line 472: Line 472:
* [[Feroz Khan Noon]], former [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister Pakistan]]
* [[Feroz Khan Noon]], former [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister Pakistan]]
* [[Anwer Ali Noon]], former Parliamentarian of Pakistan and army Officer
* [[Anwer Ali Noon]], former Parliamentarian of Pakistan and army Officer
* [[Amjad Ali Noon]], former Ambassador/High Commissioner of Pakistan
* [[Amjad Ali Noon]], former Ambassador / High Commissioner of Pakistan
* [[Imtiaz Bhatti]], former Ambassador / High Commissioner of Pakistan
* [[Imtiaz Bhatti]], former Ambassador / High Commissioner of Pakistan
* [[Wazir Agha]], Urdu Scholar
* [[Wazir Agha]], Urdu Scholar
* [[Hameed Gul]], former ISI Chief
* [[Hameed Gul]], former ISI Chief
* [[Ch. Anwar Ali Cheema]], politician, PML-Q
* [[Ch. Anwar Ali Cheema|'''Chaudhry Anwar Ali Cheema''']], politician, PML-Q
* Ch.[[Ghias Mela]], politician, PML-Q
*[[Ghias Mela|Chaudhary Ghias Ahmed Mela]], politician, PML-Q
* [[Hafiz Muhammad Saeed]], Amir [[Jama'at-ud-Da'wah]]
* [[Hafiz Muhammad Saeed]], Amir [[Jama'at-ud-Da'wah]]
* [[Mohammad Hafeez]], cricketer
* [[Mohammad Hafeez]], cricketer

Revision as of 23:55, 20 May 2020

For the district, see Sargodha District. For other uses, see Sargodha (disambiguation).

Sargodha
سرگودھا
Metropolis
Clockwise from top:
 Queen Chowk, Central Library, Astroturf Hockey Stadium, Shaheen Enclave, DHQ Teaching Hospital, University of Sargodha
Flag of Sargodha
Flag
Nickname: 
City of Eagles[2]
Sargodha is located in Punjab, Pakistan
Sargodha
Sargodha
Sargodha is located in Pakistan
Sargodha
Sargodha
Sargodha is located in South Asia
Sargodha
Sargodha
Sargodha is located in Asia
Sargodha
Sargodha
Sargodha is located in Earth
Sargodha
Sargodha
Coordinates: 32°5′1″N 72°40′16″E / 32.08361°N 72.67111°E / 32.08361; 72.67111
Country Pakistan
ProvincePunjab, Pakistan Punjab
Division[1]Sargodha Division
DistrictSargodha District
Government
 • TypeMetropolitan Corporation[3]
Area
[4]
 • City155 km2 (60 sq mi)
 • Metro
5,854 km2 (2,260 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)[6]
 • City659,862
 • Rank12th, Pakistan
 • Density4,300/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
3,903,588[5]
 • Metro Rank
8th Pakistan
 • Demonym
Sargodhian
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Postal code
40100[7]
Dialling code048[8]
Number of union councils60[9]
Number of towns59
Websitewww.sargodha.gop.pk; cbs.gov.pk; www.tmasargodha.com

Sargodha (Punjabi and Urdu: سرگودھا) is a city and capital of Sargodha Division located in Punjab province, Pakistan. It is Pakistan's 12th largest city[10] and one of the fastest growing cities of the country.[11] Sargodha is also known as City of Eagles.[12]

History

Sargodha was established by the British as a canal-colony in 1903, and was initially spelt Sargoda.[13] Sargodha was badly affected by an outbreak of the plague in 1903, and experienced a milder outbreak in 1904.[14] Although it was a small town in the beginning, the British Royal Air Force built an airport here due to its strategic location.[15] The term “Sargodha” has its origin in the words “Sar” meaning “pond” and “Godha” meaning “Sadhu”, which means “Pond of Godha”. This city was founded by Lady Trooper by the supervision of Sir Charles Montgomery Rivaz KCSI (1845 - 7 October 1926) was a colonial administrator in British India, and Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab 1902-1907.[16].[17]

Geography

Location

Location of Sargodha with respect to five major cities of Pakistan is as follow:

Sargodha is situated in Pakistani province of Punjab. It is located 187 kilometres (116 mi) northwest of Lahore, in Sargodha District.[23] It lies about 48 kilometres (30 mi) from the M-2 motorway, which connects Lahore and Islamabad. It is connected to the M-2 by several interchanges at different locations. Sargodha is roughly 91 km (57 mi) from Faisalabad, due southeast.[24] Directly east connected by the M-2 motorway are Lahore and the route to Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Due east is the city of Jhang; toward the west are the city of Mianwali and the Chashma Barrage.

Topography

Sargodha mainly comprises flat, fertile plains, although here are a few small hills on the Sargodha-Faisalabad Road. The River Jhelum flows on the western and northern sides, and the River Chenab lies on the eastern side of the city.[25] The city is located 190 metres above sea level.[26]

Climate

The city has a climate of extreme heat in the summers and moderate cold in the winters. The maximum temperature reaches 50 °C (122 °F) in the summer while the minimum temperature recorded is as low as freezing point in the winter.

Climate data for Sargodha (1960–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 20
(68) 		22
(72) 		26
(79) 		32
(90) 		38
(100) 		39
(102) 		38
(100) 		37
(99) 		36
(97) 		32
(90) 		26
(79) 		22
(72) 		30.6
(87.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8
(46) 		11
(52) 		15.5
(59.9) 		19
(66) 		25
(77) 		27
(81) 		26
(79) 		26
(79) 		25
(77) 		20
(68) 		14
(57) 		9
(48) 		18.8
(65.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 18
(0.7) 		36
(1.4) 		24
(0.9) 		13
(0.5) 		17
(0.7) 		48
(1.9) 		82
(3.2) 		87
(3.4) 		43
(1.7) 		9
(0.4) 		11
(0.4) 		12
(0.5) 		400
(15.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 5 4 5 4 3 3 7 7 4 1 1 1 45
Source: Weather2,[27]

Demographics

Total population of the city was 458,440[28] according to the 1998 census. The majority of the people in the city speak Punjabi.[15] According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of City was recorded 872,557 with the rise of 43.94% while the population of metropolitan area (City District) reached 3,903,588 out of which 1 million forms the urban population.[5] The population of Sargodha Division was recorded as 8,181,499 as per 2017 Census of Pakistan.

Economy

Majority of economy of Sargodha depends upon agriculture. Sargodha is considered as the best citrus producing area of Pakistan and therefore, it is also known as California of Pakistan.[29] Sargodha is largest Kinnow producing district of the world. It produces best quality oranges and supply to the different parts of the country. These oranges are also exported to other countries and contributes to the economy of Pakistan.[30] Sargodha also produces a huge amount of wheat, cotton, rice and vegetables that are transported to other parts of country and also exported to other countries.

There are also Textile mills, Rice processing plants and juice factories of Nestle and Shezan.[31]

The Sargodha Chamber of Commerce and Industry monitors industrial activity in the city and reports their findings to the Federation of Pakistan Chamber of Commerce and Industry and provincial government.[32] Dry port is also under construction in Sargodha.[33]

There are also several shopping malls and trade centres in the city that have a presence of international and national brands. Some of them are as follow:[34]

Mall of Sargodha under construction
Burj Ismail Mall
  • Mall of Sargodha
  • Burj Ismail Mall
  • Chenone Tower
  • Rehman Trade Centre
  • Burj Huraira Mall
  • Trust Plaza
  • Galaxy Mobile Tower
  • Toheed Mall
  • Apna Cash & Carry
  • Dreamland Shopping Mall
  • Shaheen Shopping Mall
  • Modern Shopping Mall
  • Punjab Mega Mall

Fifteen bazaars (markets) of Sargodha remain a major trading zone in the city. Each of the fifteen bazaars has a particular name and is known for selling certain goods as follows:[35][4]

  • Model Bazaar contains food court, joyland and shops of grocery and garments.
  • Urdu Bazaar contains shops of stationery and books.
  • Kachehry Bazaar contains bakeries, street food restaurants and shops of shoes, garments and general stores.
  • Amin Bazaar contains shops of fabrics, boutique], garments and electric appliances.
  • Muslim Bazaar contains sanitary items and motorcycle repair shops.
  • Anarkali Bazaar contains shops of each and every household items.
  • Sarafa Bazaar contains gold and jewellery shops.
  • Rail Bazaar contains shops of fabrics.
  • Liaquat Bazaar provides shops for new bicycles and sports cycles.
  • Faisal Bazar provides shops for spices, oil, meat and poultry.
  • Karkhana Bazaar provides shops for crockery and cutlery products.
  • Bans Bazaar supplies dairy and milk products.
  • Kabaarhi Bazaar contains shops of brokers.
  • Fruit Mandi is a fruit market.
  • Sabzi Mandi is a vegetable, meat, fish and grocery market.

Administration

Sargodha is the capital of Sargodha Tehsil. As of October 2012, the division system in Punjab Province has been restored and Sargodha became the divisional headquarters of districts Sargodha, Khushab, Mianwali and Bhakkar. Sargodha became the administrative capital of the Sargodha Division handling over a population of about 8.1 Million.[5] The Municipal Committee of Sargodha city was upgraded into Municipal Corporation in 1981 when the population of city was increased over half a million.[36] In December 2019, Sargodha Municipal Corporation was upgraded into Metropolitan Corporation under Punjab Local Government Act 2019.[37]

Safe City Project

Sargodha was announced as one of six cities in Punjab whose security would be improved by the Punjab Safe Cities Authority. 5.5 billion Rupees have been allocated for the project,[38] which will be modeled along the lines of the Lahore Safe City project in which 8,000 CCTV cameras were installed throughout the city at a cost of 12 billion rupees to record and send images to Integrated Command and Control Centres.[39]

Health

Main article: List of hospitals in Sargodha

Hospitals

Hospital[40] Type Location
Combined Military Hospital Army Sargodha Garrison
DHQ Teaching Hospital Public Mianwali Road
PAF Hospital Air force PAF Base Mushaf
Fauji Foundation Hospital Army Satellite Town A-Block
Halal-e-Ahmar Hospital Public Satellite Town B-Block
University Medical and Research Centre Public University of Sargodha

Education

Main Gate to University of Sargodha
PAF Public School

According to the census of 1998, the literacy rate of Sargodha city was 67.8% while in 2017 the literacy rate was recorded as 80.5% with a rapid increase in few years.[41] The city is considered as the educational hub of Sargodha Division handling the population of about 8.1 million.[5] Sargodha Division has its own Education Board for Secondary School Certificate (SSC) & Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) Examinations. There are about 4 universities and numerous colleges of Medical Sciences, Law, IT, Commerce, Engineering and Intermediate Courses.

Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education Sargodha

Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education, Sargodha[42] handles the whole Sargodha Division that includes 4 districts (Sargodha, Mianwali, Khushab & Bhakkar). It was established in 1968 under the West Pakistan Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education (Multan and Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Sargodha) Ordinance No. VII of 1968, with the jurisdiction of Sargodha and Rawalpindi Civil Divisions.

Educational institutes

Main article: List of educational institutes in Sargodha
University/College Type Location Established Website
University of Sargodha Public University Road 2002 [43]
University College of Agriculture Public Sargodha Bypass near Jhal Chakian 2002
University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus Private Lahore Road 2002 [44]
University of Central Punjab, Sargodha Campus Private Lahore Road 2002 [45]
Sargodha Medical College Public Faisalabad Road 2006 [46]
Army Public College Army Mianwali Road 1975
PAF College Air force PAF Base Mushaf 1953 [47]
Cornelius Law College Private Fatima Jinnah Road 2015 [48]
Quaid-e-Azam Law College Private Lahore Road 1998 [49]
Punjab College of Science Private Khayaban-e-Sadiq (Main Campus) 1985 [50]
The Superior College Private Satellite Town A-Block 2000 [51]
Dar-e-Arqam College Private Satellite Town A-Block 2002 [52]
Sargodha Institute of Technology University Road 1927
American Lycetuff School Private Queens Road 1996
Root Millennium School Private Queens Road 1988 [53]
Beaconhouse School System Private University Road 1975 [54]
The City School Private Queens Road 1978 [55]
Lahore Grammar School Private Mushaf Ali Mir Road 1979
Army Public School Army Mianwali Road 1975
Fauji Foundation School Army Civil Lines 1954 [56]
Allied School Private Main Garden Town Road 1985 [57]

Transportation

Road

File:University Road, Sargodha.jpg
University Road, Sargodha
File:Khayyam Chowk Flyover Sargodha.jpg
Khayyam Chowk Flyover

Roads and flyovers

4 km long University Road runs from 47 Pull to Khayyam Chowk. Other main roads include 6 km long Fatima Jinnah Road, City Road, Canal Road, Katchery Road, Stadium Road, Club Road, Jail Road, Queens Road, Mushaf Ali Mir Road, Railway Road, Lahore Road, Faisalabad Road, Eid Gah Road, Mianwali Road, Sillanwali Road, Bhalwal Road and Shaheenabad Road etc. There are 3 flyovers in the city area to regulate the traffic, Khayyam Chowk flyover has a length of 1 km and it starts from Khayyam Chowk and leds to Mianwali Road, Fatima Jinnah Road flyover is also 1 km long, 0.4 km long flyover is located on Kachehry Road.

Motorways and highways

Motorway M2 exit to Sargodha

Sargodha lies about 30 miles (48 km) from the M-2 Motorway which connects Lahore and Islamabad. N-60 National Highway runs from Sargodha to Lahore through Pindi Bhattian and Sheikhupura. It is also connected to Faisalabad by a highway.

Buses

General Bus Stand is located on Fatima Jinnah Road that provides bus service from Sargodha to almost every part of the country. Daewoo Bus Service drives regular routes from Sargodha to the rest of the country.[58] Others include Niazi Express, Faisal Movers, Bilal Travels, Islamabad Express and Skyways etc.

Taxi and Rickshaws

Online cab services Uber and Careem are also available in the city.[59] Moreover many Rickshaws are also available throughout the city which are more economical.

Rail

Sargodha is also connected by the rest of the country through the rail.[60] Sargodha Junction railway station is located on Shorkot-Lala Musa branch railway line.

Air Base

Pakistan's largest airbase, PAF Base Mushaf (formerly PAF Base Sargodha), is situated in Sargodha and hosts the headquarters of the Pakistan Air Force's Central Air Command. The airbase is also home to the Combat Commanders School (CCS), formerly the Fighter Leader's School.[61]

Recreation

Points of interest

Kirana Hills

The Kirana Hills is a small and extensive rocky mountain range located in Sargodha.[62][63][64][65] It is also a place of tourist attraction in Sargodha City. Locally known as "Black Mountains"[66] due to its brownish landscape, its highest peak is about 980 feet (300 m).[67]

Jinnah Hall

Jinnah Hall is a historical landmark and point of interest in Sargodha.[68] Jinnah Hall was built in 1949. It was named for the Founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Jinnah Hall was built originally as a town hall and library in Company Bagh, Sargodha but now currently used as an exhibition hall, event space, and library.

Lake of Kirana Hills.
File:Jinnah Hall Sargodha.jpg
Jinnah Hall, Sargodha.

Sports

Sargodha is home to the Sargodha Cricket Stadium.[69] Sargodha cricket team were a first-class cricket team that represented Sargodha Division in Punjab Province in Pakistan. They competed in Pakistan's first-class tournaments between 1961–62 and 2002–03.

Mela Mandi Ground is a multi-use historic stadium in Sargodha. It is currently used mostly for cricket and football.[70] The Mela Mandi Ground was constructed to provide a vast ground for outdoor sports and activities. During March every year which is the country's spring season, several competitions are held here. Almost all Pakistani people join these annual games.[71]

Sargodha is also home to Sargodha Astroturf Hockey Stadium located near Mela Mandi Ground. It is home to Sargodha District Hockey Team and provides a reliable platform for youngsters.[72] Galaxy Sports Complex is a renowned Sports Academy of the city. [73]

Sargodha Astroturf Hockey Stadium
File:Mela Mandi Ground Sargodha.jpg
Annual Tent Pegging Competition, Mela Mandi Ground

Food and drink

Traditional food and drink

Cuisine of Sargodha is similar to that of other regions of South Asia, with some of it being originated from the royal kitchens of 16th-century Mughal emperors.[74] Most of those dishes have their roots in British, Indian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine.[75] Unlike Middle Eastern cuisine, Pakistani cooking uses large quantities of spices, herbs, and seasoning. Garlic, ginger, turmeric, red chili, and garam masala are used in most dishes, and home cooking regularly includes curry, roti, a thin flatbread made from wheat, is a staple food, usually served with curry, meat, vegetables, and lentils. Rice is also common; it is served plain, fried with spices, and in sweet dishes.[76][77][78]

Lassi is a traditional drink in the whole Punjab region including Sargodha Division. Black tea with milk and sugar is also popular throughout the city and is consumed daily by most of the population.[79][80]

A local restaurant, Sargodha
Food Street on Stadium Road, Sargodha.

Fast Food

In addition to the traditional food, fast food is also very famous across the city.[81] Along with local fast food restaurants, there is also a presence of outlets of many International Fast Food Restaurants in the city that includes KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut.[82][83][84]

McDonald's, Sargodha
File:KFC Sargodha.jpg
KFC, University Road, Sargodha

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Sargodha Division". getamap.net.
  2. ^ http://visitpak.com/useful-info-about-sargodha-pakistan-the-city-of-eagles/
  3. ^ https://www.dawn.com/news/1524621
  4. ^ a b http://www.urbanunit.gov.pk/PublicationDocs/Punjab%20city%20profiles/Sargodha%20City%20Profile.pdf
  5. ^ a b c d "DISTRICT WISE CENSUS RESULTS CENSUS 2017" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  6. ^ http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/punjab/SARGODHA_BLOCKWISE.pdf
  7. ^ "Pakistan Post Office Department". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 20 December 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  8. ^ "National Dialing Codes". Ptcl.com.pk. Archived from the original on 9 November 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  9. ^ http://tmasargodha.lgpunjab.org.pk/Union-Councils.html
  10. ^ "Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". Citypopulation.de.
  11. ^ "Commercial Real Estate Property in Sargodha Pakistan – Ghar47". Ghar47. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  12. ^ http://visitpak.com/useful-info-about-sargodha-pakistan-the-city-of-eagles/
  13. ^ Masud, Tariq (1989). Pakistan: a historical and cultural panorama. Al-Waqar Publishers. ISBN 9789698054021.
  14. ^ Cell, J.W.; Cell, J.W. (2002). Hailey: A Study in British Imperialism, 1872-1969. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-52117-8. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  15. ^ a b "District Website". Lhc.gov.pk.
  16. ^ http://sargodha.dc.lhc.gov.pk/PublicPages/HistoryOfDistrict.aspx
  17. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Punjab_(British_India)
  18. ^ https://www.rome2rio.com/s/Karachi/Sargodha
  19. ^ https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-lahore-to-sargodha
  20. ^ https://www.distancesto.com/road-map/pk/sargodha-to-islamabad/history/598090.html
  21. ^ http://pk.toponavi.com/66794-66792
  22. ^ https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-rawalpindi-to-sargodha
  23. ^ https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-lahore-to-sargodha
  24. ^ http://pk.toponavi.com/66794-66792
  25. ^ "District at Glance". sargodha.gop.pk. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015.
  26. ^ "Where is Sargodha, Pakistan?". WorldAtlas.com. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  27. ^ "Weather2 – Sargodha". Retrieved 8 July 2012.
  28. ^ "Population size and growth of major cities" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 1998.
  29. ^ www.historypak.com/sargodha/
  30. ^ https://www.academia.edu/7790985/Orange_Economy_of_Sargodha
  31. ^ www.historypak.com/sargodha/
  32. ^ https://www.scci.pk
  33. ^ https://tribune.com.pk/story/1111172/facilitating-exports-dry-port-established-sargodha/
  34. ^ http://www.mallofsargodha.com
  35. ^ https://pmbmc.punjab.gov.pk/sargodha
  36. ^ http://tmasargodha.lgpunjab.org.pk
  37. ^ https://www.dawn.com/news/1524621
  38. ^ "After Lahore, six others to become 'safer cities'". Express Tribune. 20 February 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  39. ^ "Punjab Safe City Project inaugurated". Dawn. 12 October 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  40. ^ https://www.marham.pk/hospitals/sargodha
  41. ^ https://www.urbanunit.gov.pk › ...PDF Sargodha City Profile – The Urban Unit
  42. ^ "BISE SARGODHA".
  43. ^ https://www.uos.edu.pk
  44. ^ https://www.uol.edu.pk/about-us
  45. ^ https://www.ucp.edu.pk
  46. ^ https://www.uos.edu.pk/department/profile/14
  47. ^ www.pafcollegesargodha.com
  48. ^ http://pu.edu.pk/affiliation/collegeinfo/1270/Cornelius-Law-College-Lahore-Road-Sargodha
  49. ^ https://qlc.edu.pk/sargodha-campus/
  50. ^ https://www.pgc.edu/about-pgc
  51. ^ https://superiorcolleges.edu.pk/sargodha/
  52. ^ https://www.das.edu.pk
  53. ^ "About Roots Millennium Schools". Retrieved on 26 February 2015.
  54. ^ www.beaconhouse.net
  55. ^ https://thecityschool.edu.pk
  56. ^ www.fauji.org.pk }}
  57. ^ https://alliedschools.edu.pk
  58. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  59. ^ "Countries of Operation".
  60. ^ "Pakistan Railway Time Table". railpk.com.
  61. ^ "About Sargodha". glowpakistan.com.
  62. ^ (Mahajan 2009, pp. 100–110)
  63. ^ (Ali 2002, pp. 25–26)
  64. ^ (Smith 2007, pp. 92–93)
  65. ^ Wikimaps. "Kirana Hills". Wikimapia.org. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  66. ^ DoE&ES, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (2012). "Special report: Field report on Kirana Hills" (.net). Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan: Bahria University Press. p. 33. Retrieved 15 June 2015. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  67. ^ (DoE&ES 2012, pp. 4–5)
  68. ^ "Google Maps". Google.com. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  69. ^ "Sports Stadium – Pakistan – Cricket Grounds – ESPN Cricinfo". Cricinfo.
  70. ^ "Google Maps". Google Maps.
  71. ^ "Cheap flights to Sargodha". Flighthub.com.
  72. ^ https://www.urdupoint.com/en/sports/trials-for-hockey-team-selection-at-astroturf-539537.html
  73. ^ http://wikimapia.org/3443348/Galaxy-ground
  74. ^ Goodwin, William (2002). Pakistan. Lucent Books. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-59018-218-5. Pakistani food is similar to that of northern India, with a splash of Middle Eastern influence derived from other Muslim cultures over the centuries.
  75. ^ Lee, Jonathan H.X.; Nadeau, Kathleen M. (2011). Encyclopedia of Asian American Folklore and Folklife. ABC-CLIO. p. 973. ISBN 978-0-313-35066-5. Pakistani cuisine—a fusion of Central Asian, Middle Eastern, Persian, and Indian traditions—is known for being spicy and for its aromatic and flavorful richness.
  76. ^ Yasmeen Niaz Mohiuddin (2006). Pakistan: a global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO. pp. 3, 317, 323–324. ISBN 978-1-85109-801-9.
  77. ^ Kathleen W. Deady (2001). Countries of the world :Pakistan. Capstone Press. pp. 13–15. ISBN 978-0-7368-0815-6.
  78. ^ American Geriatrics Society. Ethnogeriatrics Committee (2006). Doorway thoughts: cross-cultural health care for older adults. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 119–120. ISBN 978-0-7637-4355-0.
  79. ^ Sarina Singh; Lindsay Brow; Paul Clammer; Rodney Cocks; John Mock (2008). Pakistan & the Karakoram Highway. Lonely Planet. pp. 60, 128, 376. ISBN 978-1-74104-542-0.
  80. ^ Tarla Dalal (2007). Punjabi Khana. Sanjay & Co. p. 8. ISBN 978-81-89491-54-3.
  81. ^ https://nation.com.pk/17-Dec-2017/the-fried-chicken-turnaround
  82. ^ https://www.kfcpakistan.com
  83. ^ https://mcdonalds.com.pk
  84. ^ https://www.pizzahut.com.pk
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sargodha&oldid=957885639"