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List of counties in Texas

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Texas counties outnumber those of any other U.S. state with a total of 254.[1] Texas counties were founded from the municipality, a unit of local government under Spanish and Mexican rule. At the time of Texas' independence in 1836, there were 23 municipalities, which became the original Texas counties. In 1931, Loving County was the last county to be created. [2]

Each county is run by a commissioners court consisting of four elected commissioners (one from each of four precincts drawn based on population) and a county judge elected from all the voters of the county. In smaller counties, the county judge actually does perform judicial duties, but in larger counties the judge's role is limited to serving on the commissioners court. Certain officials, such as the sheriff and tax collector, are elected separately by the voters, but the commissioners court determines their office budgets, and sets overall county policy. All county elections are partisan[3].

Counties in Texas also have less legal power than cities or towns. For instance, they do not have zoning power. However, counties do have eminent domain power. Unlike other states, Texas does not allow for consolidated city-county governments. Cities and counties (as well as other political entities) are permitted to enter "interlocal agreements" to share services (as an example, a city and a school district may enter into agreements with the county whereby the county bills for and collects property taxes for the city and school district; thus, only one tax bill is sent instead of three)[4].

The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code, which is used by the United States government to uniquely identify states and counties, is provided with each entry.[5] Texas' code is 48, which when combined with any county code would be written as 48XXX. The FIPS code for each county links to census data for that county.

List

County
 FIPS Code[6] County Seat
 Created
 Origin
 Etymology
 Population
 Area
 Map
 

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Defunct counties

There have been at least thirty-two counties established by Texas law that no longer exist. These fall into five categories: judicial counties; counties established by the Constitutional Convention of 1868-69; counties never organized and abolished by legislative act; counties whose territory is no longer considered part of the state.; and counties whose names have been changed. [7]

See also

References

  • "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2007-04-22. - Counties, county seats, county formation, and areas
  • "US Census Bureau". Geographic Comparison Table. Retrieved 2007-04-20. - populations
  1. ^ "How Many Counties are in Your State?". Click and Learn. Retrieved 2007-04-11.
  2. ^ "TSHA County organization". The Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 2007-04-12.
  3. ^ "County government structure". Texas Association of Counties. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
  4. ^ "County official information". Texas Association of Counties. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
  5. ^ "FIPS Publish 6-4". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 2007-04-11.
  6. ^ "EPA County FIPS Code Listing". EPA. Retrieved 2007-04-09.
  7. ^ "TSHA Defunct Counties". The Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 2007-04-20.



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