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Queen Camilla

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"The Princess of Wales" redirects here. For other people known as Princess of Wales, see Princess of Wales.
Camilla
Princess of Wales; Duchess of Cornwall; Duchess of Rothesay
The Duchess in November 2009
SpouseAndrew Parker Bowles
(m. 1973–1995) (divorced)
Charles, Prince of Wales
(m. 2005–present)
IssueTom Parker Bowles
Laura Lopes
Names
Camilla Rosemary[1]
HouseHouse of Windsor
FatherBruce Shand
MotherThe Honourable Rosalind Shand
ReligionAnglican

Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (Camilla Rosemary; née Shand, previously Parker Bowles; born 17 July 1947) is the second wife of Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, and is the current holder of the titles Princess of Wales, Duchess of Cornwall, Duchess of Rothesay and Countess of Chester. Although Camilla automatically became the Princess of Wales upon her marriage to Prince Charles, she prefers to be known by the lesser title of Duchess of Cornwall, avoiding confusion with the Prince of Wales' first wife, Diana, Princess of Wales."[2] She uses this title everywhere except Scotland, where she is styled Duchess of Rothesay.[3]

Early life and first marriage

Born at King's College Hospital, London,[4][5][6][7] on 17 July 1947, Camilla was raised opposite the Plumpton Racecourse, Plumpton, East Sussex by her parents, Major Bruce Shand (1917-2006) (a British Army officer turned wine merchant, as well as prisoner of war in World War II and recipient of the Military Cross and Bar) and The Honourable Rosalind Cubitt (1921–1994,[8] eldest child of Roland Calvert Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe): her siblings are her brother, Mark, and sister, Annabel. She was christened on 1 November 1947 at Firle Church, Sussex, and her godparents were: the Hon Harry Cubitt (her maternal uncle); Major Neil Speke; Mrs Heathcoat Amory; Mrs Lombard Hobson; Miss Vivien Mosley.[9][9][10] Camilla attended Dumbrells School in Sussex, as well as Queen's Gate School in Kensington. She subsequently attended the Mon Fertile finishing school in Switzerland and studied at the Institut Britannique in Paris. Following her education, she worked for a year at the offices of designers Sibyl Colefax & John Fowler. She also became an avid equestrienne and participated in fox hunting. On 4 July 1973, Camilla married Andrew Parker Bowles, at the Guards Chapel, Wellington Barracks, London, their bridesmaids including Parker Bowles' goddaughter Lady Emma Herbert.[11] The couple had two children: Tom, born in the year after the marriage, who is a godson of Prince Charles, and Laura, born in 1978; both Parker Bowles children were raised in their father's Roman Catholic faith, although both were married in the Church of England. Andrew Parker Bowles initiated divorce proceedings against Camilla following the admission by the Prince of Wales that he had conducted a long-term extra-marital affair with Mrs. Parker Bowles; the couple's divorce was finalised on 3 March 1995.

Camilla's matrilineal great-grandmother, Alice Keppel, formerly Alice Frederica Edmonstone, was the mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 to 1910.

Relationship with the Prince of Wales

Royal family of
the United Kingdom and the
other Commonwealth realms
Badge of the House of Windsor

The relationship between Camilla and Prince Charles began when they met at a polo match in 1970.[12] Though she became one of the numerous girlfriends of Charles, and he was said to have wanted to marry her, Camilla was seen by royal courtiers as an unsuitable match for the future king. Robert Lacey wrote in his 2002 book, Royal: Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, that Charles had met Camilla too early, and that he had not asked her to wait for him when he went overseas for military duties in 1972. Reliable published reports indicate that they renewed their romantic relationship in the 1980s.[13]

The affair became public knowledge a decade later, with the publication of Diana: Her True Story, followed by the Camillagate scandal, wherein an intimate telephone conversation between Camilla and Charles was secretly recorded and the transcripts published in the tabloids.[14] With the extra-marital relationship in the open, Diana gave an interview on the BBC programme Panorama, in which she blamed the relationship between Camilla, whom she privately referred to as "the Rottweiler",[15][16] and the Prince of Wales as the reason for the break up of her own marriage, saying: "Well, there were three of us in this marriage, so it was a bit crowded."[17] Though Camilla kept a low profile at this time, she became unpopular by these revelations.[18] However, it was confirmed by Charles in a televised interview with Jonathan Dimbleby that the relationship between him and Camilla resumed during their respective marriages.[19] Following this, the Parker Bowleses announced their own divorce in 1995; they had been living apart for some time, and a year later Andrew Parker Bowles married Rosemary Pitman.

Camilla occasionally became Charles' unofficial companion at events. This temporarily ceased at the time of Diana's death, but Camilla and Charles were photographed in public together in 1999. Though she maintained her residence in Wiltshire, Camilla then moved into Charles' household in 2003, resulting in decorative changes to both homes, though Buckingham Palace was explicit in pointing out that public funds had not been used for the renovations. In 2005, the media reported that Charles had also bought Camilla jewelry and a designer wardrobe. As the future Supreme Governor of the Church of England, the prospect of Charles marrying a divorcée was seen as controversial. Opinion—of both the public and the church—shifted, though, to a point where civil marriage was seen as an agreeable solution.[citation needed]

Second engagement and marriage

Main article: Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla Parker Bowles

On 10 February 2005, it was announced by Clarence House that Camilla and the Prince of Wales were engaged; Camilla had been presented with an engagement ring that had belonged to the late Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother. The marriage was to have been on 8 April of that year, and was to take place in a civil ceremony at Windsor Castle, with a subsequent religious blessing at St George's Chapel. To conduct a civil marriage at Windsor Castle would oblige the venue to obtain a license for civil marriages, which it did not have. A condition of such a license is that the licensed venue must be available for a period of one year to anyone wishing to be married there. As the Royal Family did not wish to make Windsor Castle available to the public for civil marriages, even just for one year, the location was changed to the Windsor Guildhall. On 4 April it was announced that the marriage would be delayed by one day to allow for the Prince of Wales and some of the invited dignitaries to attend the funeral of Pope John Paul II.[20] As Charles' parents did not attend the marriage ceremony (the Queen's reluctance to attend arising from her position as Supreme Governor of the Church of England),[21] neither did Camilla's father; her children, instead, acted as witnesses of the union, as did Prince William and Prince Harry. The Queen and Duke of Edinburgh did, however, attend the service of blessing, and held a reception for the newlyweds at Windsor Castle afterwards.[22] Following the wedding, the couple travelled to the Prince's country home in Scotland, Birkhall, and carried out their first public duties as a couple during their honeymoon.

Duchess of Cornwall

Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, and the Duchess of Cornwall are greeted by Tobago House of Assembly Chief Secretary, Orville London.

After becoming Duchess of Cornwall, the duchess automatically acquired rank as the second highest female in the United Kingdom Order of Precedence (after the Queen), and as typically fifth or sixth in the orders of precedence of her other realms, following the Queen, the relevant viceroy, the Duke of Edinburgh, and the Prince of Wales. It was revealed, though, that the royal order of precedence for private occasions had Camilla placed fourth, after the Queen, the Princess Royal, and Princess Alexandra.[23] Within two years of the marriage, the Queen extended Camilla visible tokens of membership in the Royal Family; use of a tiara of the late Queen Mother,[24] and the badge of the Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II.

President and Mrs Bush greet TRH The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall

Though no details were publicly released, it was confirmed in March 2007 that Camilla had undergone a hysterectomy.[25] According to an announcement by Clarence House, it was the Duchess' intent to attend the anniversary memorial service for Diana, Princess of Wales on 31 August 2007, along with The Prince of Wales, and Princes William and Harry of Wales. The Duchess withdrew from attending, stating that she wished not to "divert attention from the purpose of the occasion which is to focus on the life and service of Diana."[26] On April 8, 2010, Camilla broke her left leg whilst hill walking in Scotland.[27] Camilla, along with her husband, were indirectly involved in the 2010 UK student protests when their car was attacked by protesters. She was also physically attacked when a rioter managed to push a stick into the royal limousine and jab her in the ribs.[28]

Royal duties

Initially, the Duchess of Cornwall's royal duties involved accompanying the Prince of Wales on his official obligations. Camilla's first solo engagement was a visit to a hospital in Southampton; she attended the Trooping the Colour for the first time in June 2005, making her appearance on the balcony of Buckingham Palace afterwards. The same year, she made her inaugural overseas tour to the United States, and, in March of the following year, the Prince and Duchess undertook a trip through Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and India. She also conducted the naming ceremony for HMS Astute on 8 June 2007, and, on 10 December, she did the same for the new Cunard cruise ship, MS Queen Victoria,[29][30] it being said that the Queen had been surprised by Cunard's invitation.[31] The Duchess of Cornwall is the patron of The Royal School, Hampstead, an independent girl's school,[32][33] as well as President or Patron of a number of other charities, as detailed below.

Titles, styles, honours and arms; Charities and patronages

Titles and styles

Royal styles of
The Duchess of Cornwall
Reference styleHer Royal Highness
Spoken styleYour Royal Highness
Alternative styleMa'am
  • 17 July 1947– 4 July 1973: Miss Camilla Rosemary Shand
  • 4 July 1973– 3 March 1995: Mrs Andrew Parker Bowles
  • 3 March 1995– 9 April 2005: Mrs Camilla Parker Bowles
  • 9 April 2005– : Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall
    • in Scotland: 9 April 2005–: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Rothesay

Camilla's style and title in full: Her Royal Highness The Princess Charles Philip Arthur George, Princess of Wales and Countess of Chester, Duchess of Cornwall, Duchess of Rothesay, Countess of Carrick, Baroness of Renfrew, Lady of the Isles, Princess of Scotland.[34]

Because the title 'Princess of Wales' remains strongly associated with the previous holder of that title, the late Diana, Princess of Wales, Camilla is referred to with the feminine form of her husband's subsidiary title, Duke of Cornwall.[3] Also, unless a specific Act of Parliament is passed in the United Kingdom to the contrary, Camilla will, upon the accession of her husband, legally be queen.[35][36] However, it has been indicated that when the Prince of Wales accedes to the throne, Camilla will remain styled as Her Royal Highness, with the title of The Princess Consort,[37] similar to the style of Prince Albert. Note that this is not the same usage as her father-in-law, HRH The Prince Philip, whose official title does not include the word "consort."

Honours

Appointments
Decorations

Honorary military appointments

The Duchess of Cornwall holds the following military appointments:

Canada Canada
United Kingdom United Kingdom
  • United Kingdom Royal Colonel of the 4th Battalion of The Rifles
  • United Kingdom 2008: Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Halton
  • United Kingdom Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Leeming
  • United Kingdom Commodore-in-Chief of the Naval Medical Services
  • United Kingdom Commodore-in-Chief Naval Chaplaincy Service
  • United Kingdom Lady sponsor of HMS Astute[40]

Arms

On the duchess' 58th birthday, Clarence House announced that Camilla had been granted by the Queen a coat of arms for her own personal use. It was reported that the Queen, Charles, and Camilla all took a "keen interest" in the arms' creation, and they were prepared by Peter Gwynn-Jones, Garter Principal King of Arms.[41]

Coat of arms of Queen Camilla
Notes
The Duchess' coat of arms impale the Prince of Wales' main coat of arms to the dexter, with her father's coat of arms to the sinister, all surmounted by her husband's coronet as heir apparent. Aside from the invention of a boar supporter (reflected in her paternal arms) for the sinister side, Camilla's coat of arms is entirely consistent with the historical heraldic arrangement for a married woman who is not herself a heraldic heiress.
Supporters
Dexter: a lion rampant gardant Or imperially crowned Proper; sinister: a boar Boar Azure armed and unguled Or langued Gules and gorged with a Coronet composed of crosses formy and fleurs-de-lys attached thereto a Chain reflexed over the back and ending in a ring all Or.

Children

Name Birth Marriage Issue
Tom Parker Bowles 18 December 1974 10 September 2005 Sara Buys Lola Rosalind and Freddy Parker Bowles
Laura Rose Parker Bowles 1 January 1978 6 May 2006 Harry Marcus George Lopes Eliza, Louis and Gus Lopes

Ancestry

According to genealogist William Addams Reitwiesner, the Duchess of Cornwall's ancestry is predominantly French, English, Dutch, and Scottish. Through her French lineage, Camilla's maternal line great-great-grandmother was Sophia Mary MacNab of Hamilton, Ontario, who was herself the descendant of 17th century immigrants to Quebec, daughter of Sir Allan MacNab, and wife of William Coutts Keppel, Earl of Albemarle. Their son, George, was husband to Alice Edmonstone, who was the mistress of King Edward VII, himself the great-great-grandfather of Prince Charles. Also through George Keppel on Camilla's side and through the late Queen Mother on Charles's side, Camilla and Charles are ninth cousins once removed.[42] Through her mother she is a descendant of Zacharie Cloutier.[43] This same lineage makes Camilla a distant relation of Celine Dion, Hillary Clinton and Madonna,[44] while her bloodline is also connected to King Charles II, through his illegitimate son, Charles Lennox, Duke of Richmond; Thomas Cubitt, prominent Victorian architect; and, through the Earl of Albemarle, Judith Keppel, the first winner of the top prize on the television game show Who Wants to be a Millionaire?.[45] Through Charles II of England and Scotland, Camilla is also related, although distantly, to Diana, Princess of Wales.

Family of Queen Camilla
16. Hugh Morton Shand
8. Alexander Faulkner Shand
17. Edrica Faulkner
4. Philip Morton Shand
18. Charles Coates
9. Augusta Mary Coates
19. Sarah Clegg Hope
2. Bruce Shand
20. Henry Harrington
10. George Woods Harrington
21. Eliza Woods
5. Edith Marguerite Harrington
22. Frederick Stillman
11. Alice Edith Stillman
23. Ann Endle
1. Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
24. George Cubitt, 1st Baron Ashcombe
12. Henry Cubitt, 2nd Baron Ashcombe
25. Laura Joyce
6. Roland Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe
26. Archibald Motteux Calvert
13. Maud Marianne Calvert
27. Constance Peters
3. Rosalind Maud Cubitt
28. William Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle
14. George Keppel
29. Sophia Mary MacNab
7. Sonia Rosemary Keppel
30. Sir William Edmonstone, 4th Baronet
15. Alice Edmonstone
31. Mary Elizabeth Parsons

References

  1. ^ As a titled royal, Camilla holds no surname, but, when one is used, it is Mountbatten-Windsor
  2. ^ The Sunday Times. 03.04.2005.
  3. ^ a b " TRH The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall[dead link]
  4. ^ Some sources report that HRH was born in Plumpton, but it seems that this is a confusion of her childhood home as her birth place.
  5. ^ "— Camilla Parker Bowles Biography". Biography.com. 1947-07-17. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  6. ^ "Yvonne's Royalty Home Page: Royal Christenings". Users.uniserve.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  7. ^ "— Camilla Rosemary Shand". Thepeerage.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  8. ^ "Deaths England and Wales 1984-2006". Findmypast.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  9. ^ a b The Times, 21 October 1944 Cite error: The named reference "times" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  10. ^ Yvonne's Royalty Home Page — Royal Christenings
  11. ^ 'Major A.H. Parker Bowles and Miss C.R. Shand' in The Times, 5 July 1973
  12. ^ ""Profile: Camilla Parker Bowles"". BBC News. 2005-02-10. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  13. ^ "Q&A: Charles and Camilla". BBC News. 2005-03-22. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  14. ^ Linton, David (2006). "Camillagate: Prince Charles and the Tampon Scandal". Sex Roles. 54 (5–6): 347–351. doi:10.1007/s11199-006-9004-4. Retrieved 2008-09-08. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  15. ^ Henry, Emma (2007-08-26). "Telegraph — Camilla pulls out of Diana memorial service". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  16. ^ "— Relationship with Prince Charles". Duchess-of-cornwall.co.uk. 2005-02-10. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  17. ^ Bradford, Sarah, Diana(2006),p.294
  18. ^ See CNN story "Love spans more than 30 years" claims bread roll pelting.
  19. ^ Dimbleby, Jonathan, The Prince of Wales, A Biography, p.395
  20. ^ Dear, Paula (2005-04-05). ""Fans 'panic buy' 8 April mementos"". BBC News. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  21. ^ ""Q&A: Queen's wedding decision"". BBC News. 2005-02-23. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  22. ^ Font size Print E-mail Share Page 1 of 3 By Ellen Crean (2005-04-09). "CBS News "Charles and Camilla Finally Wed"". Cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ Davies, Caroline (24 December 2005). "First royal Sandringham Christmas for Camilla". Telegraph.co.uk. London: The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2009-01-14.
  24. ^ ""Duchess of Cornwall wears Queen Mother's Tiara"". Femalefirst.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  25. ^ ""Charles sees Camilla in hospital"". BBC News. 2007-03-05. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  26. ^ "Camilla swerves Diana tribute". Itv.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  27. ^ "Camilla Breaks A Leg But Says 'Life Goes On'". British Sky Broadcasting. Retrieved 19 November 2010.
  28. ^ "Royal car attacked in protest after MPs' fee vote". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
  29. ^ "Cunard Line: ''Her Royal Highness The Duchess Of Cornwall To Name Cunard's New Queen Victoria''; 10 September 2007". Cunard.com. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  30. ^ The Royalist – Camilla Prepares To Make Royal History
  31. ^ The Royalist – Queen Expresses "Surprise" Over Camilla Invite
  32. ^ "Duchess of Cornwall Visits Schoolgirls Raising Funds for Charity", The Royal Forums, 25 February 2009.
  33. ^ "Camilla on royal visit at Hampstead school", Hampstead and Highgate Express, 25 February 2009.
  34. ^ " Prince of Wales - Titles
  35. ^ "Camilla can legally be queen" (Document). CBC News. {{cite document}}: Unknown parameter |accessdate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |url= ignored (help)
  36. ^ "Camilla might still become Queen" (Document). London: The Times. {{cite document}}: Unknown parameter |accessdate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |url= ignored (help) [dead link]
  37. ^ Clarence House press release, 10 February 2005
  38. ^ "Honours of the Crown—The Monarchist League of Canada". Monarchist.ca. Archived from the original on February 27, 2008. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  39. ^ http://www.qor.com/association/powderhorn-dec2010.pdf
  40. ^ "The Prince of Wales > Personal Profiles > The Duchess of Cornwall > At Work > Armed Services" (Document). Clarence House. {{cite document}}: Unknown parameter |accessdate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |url= ignored (help)
  41. ^ ""Camilla's coat of arms unveiled"". BBC News. 2005-07-17. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  42. ^ "Strange Relations: Prince Charles and Camilla are Ninth Cousins Once Removed". Landing Ancestry database.
  43. ^ http://www.perche-quebec.com/files/perche/individus/zacharie_cloutier.htm
  44. ^ "Leurs histoires commencent dans le Perche…". perche-quebec.com., "Hillary Clinton". perche-quebec.com., "Camilla, Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cornwall". perche-quebec.com.
  45. ^ "Sir William Coutts Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle". ThePeerage database.

Bibliography

  • Bradford, Sarah (2006). Diana. Penguin Group. ISBN 9780670916788.
  • Dimbleby, Jonathan (1994). The Prince of Wales, a Biography. Hamilton: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0316910163.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Queen Camilla of the United Kingdom.
Order of precedence in England and Wales and in Northern Ireland
Preceded by Ladies
HRH The Duchess of Cornwall 		Succeeded by
Order of precedence in Scotland
Preceded by Ladies
HRH The Duchess of Rothesay 		Succeeded by

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