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Barak 8

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Barak 8/ LR-SAM/ MR-SAM
TypeLong-range surface-to-air missile
Place of originIndia, Israel
Service history
In serviceInduction Phase[1]
Used byIndian Navy
Indian Air Force
Israeli Navy
Production history
DesignerIsrael Aerospace Industries
Defence Research and Development Organisation
ManufacturerRafael Advanced Defense Systems[2]
Bharat Dynamics Limited[3]
Specifications
Mass275 kg (606 lb)[4]
Length4.5 m (180 in)[4][5]
Diameter0.225/0.54 m[4][5][6]
Wingspan0.94 m[4][5]
Detonation
mechanism
Proximity (60 kg warhead)[4]
EngineTwo stage, smokeless pulsed rocket motor
Operational
range
0.5–90km,[7][8] some media reports indicate a capability of 100km[9][10]
Flight ceiling0–16 km[4][5]
Maximum speed Mach 2 (680 m/s)[4]
Guidance
system
Launch
platform

Barak 8 (the Hebrew word for Lightning) also known as LR-SAM or as MR-SAM[12][13][14] is an Indian-Israeli surface-to-air missile (SAM), designed to defend against any type of airborne threat including aircraft, helicopters, anti-ship missiles, and UAVs as well as cruise missiles and combat jets out to a maximum range of 70 km,[5][15][16][17] however, reports suggest the missile has been increased to a maximum range of 90 km following "range upgrade discussions" between India and Israel during November 2014.[7][8] Some news agencies have referred to the missiles range at 100 km.[9][10] Both maritime and land-based versions of the system exist.[18]

Barak 8 was jointly developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), India's Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO), Israel's Administration for the Development of Weapons and Technological Infrastructure, Elta Systems, Rafael and other companies. Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) will produce the missiles.

Background

Barak 8 is based on the original Barak 1 missile and is expected to feature a more advanced seeker, alongside range extensions that will move it closer to medium range naval systems like the RIM-162 ESSM or even the SM-2 Standard. Israel successfully tested its improved Barak II missile on July 30, 2009. The radar system provides 360 degree coverage and the missiles can take down an incoming missile as close as 500 meters away from the ship. Each Barak system (missile container, radar, computers and installation) costs about $24 million.[19] In November 2009 Israel signed a $1.1 billion contract to supply an upgraded tactical Barak 8 air defence system to India.[20]

On 3 December 2016, Indian Minister of State for Defence Subhash Bhamre informed the Lok Sabha that successful trials of the missile had been completed, and that the weapon systems were proven end-to-end. Bhamre also told the House that delivery of Barak 8 missiles to Indian Navy had already commenced.[21][22]

The Israeli Navy has commenced equipping its Sa'ar 5 corvettes with the system, the first re-fitted vessel being the INS Lahav. The Sa'ar 4.5 flotilla will be next for the upgrade.[23] The first 32 missile array will be fitted on the Indian Navy stealth guided-missile destroyer INS Kolkata (D63).[24]

Design

Barak 8 launcher module.

The Barak 8 has a length of about 4.5 meters, a diameter of 0.225 meters[6] at missile body, and 0.54 meters at the booster stage, a wingspan of 0.94 meters and weighs 275 kg including a 60 kg warhead which detonates at proximity.[5] The missile has maximum speed of Mach 2 with a maximum operational range of 70 km,[5][15][16][17] which was later increased to 100 km.[9][10] Barak 8 features a dual pulse rocket motor as well as Thrust vector control,[25] and possesses high degrees of maneuverability at target interception range. A second motor is fired during the terminal phase, at which stage the active radar seeker is activated to home in on to the enemy track.[5] Barak 8 has been designed to counter a wide variety of air-borne threats, such as; anti-ship missiles, aircraft, UAVs drones and supersonic missiles[26] When coupled with a modern air-defence system and multi-function surveillance track and guidance radars, (such as the EL/M-2248 MF-STAR AESA on board the Kolkata-class destroyers) Barak 8 enables the capability to simultaneously engage multiple targets during saturation attacks.[5][11]

Israel Aerospace Industries describe Barak 8 as "an advanced, long-range missile defense and air defense system" with its main features being:[11][27]

  • Long Range
  • Two way data link (GPS S band)
  • Active Radar Seeker Missile
  • 360 degree coverage
  • Vertical Launch
  • Multiple Simultaneous Engagements

Barak 8 has been described as giving potential use as a point defence anti-ballistic missile due to its combination of advanced capabilities.[28]

MR-SAM

MR-SAM is the land based configuration of the missile. It consists of a command and control system, tracking radar, missile and mobile launcher systems. Each launcher will have eight such missiles in two stacks and are launched in a canister configuration. The system is also fitted with an advanced radio frequency (RF) seeker.[29][14]

The Indian Army ordered five regiments of this version, which consists of about 40 launchers and 200 missiles for ₹17,000 crore (US$2.0 billion). It is expected to be deployed by 2023.[14][30]

Barak-8ER

It has been reported that an ER (extended range) variant of the Barak 8 is under development, which will see the missiles maximum range increased to 150 km.[25] Designed to engage multiple beyond visual range threats, the low launch signature Barak-8ER is understood to retain the same autopilot/inertial navigation system and active radar seeker guidance as the Barak-8, although some modifications to the software and to the missile control surfaces are likely. The booster increases the length of the missile at launch from its current 4.5 m to nearly 6 m, although the length in flight after the booster has been jettisoned may be slightly less than the base Barak-8 missile, if a TVC is not present. The missile diameter and fin spans are thought to be the same as the base Barak-8. The booster weight is currently unknown, although the missile's weight after the booster has been jettisoned is the same as that for the current Barak-8 configuration.

Levy said that initial operational capability (IOC) for Barak-8ER will first be declared for the naval variant, followed by IOC for the land variant. He declined to comment on a launch customer for Barak-8ER, but noted "existing Barak-8 customers will be interested in this configuration because it offers additional capability to their current system".[25] The missile is expected to equip the Indian Navys future Visakhapatnam-class destroyers.[31][32]

Flight tests

INS Kolkata firing a Barak 8 missile.
  • In May 2010, the Barak-II missile was successfully test fired at an electronic target and met its initial objectives. The second test of the missile was to be held in India later in 2010.[33] "More than 70 per cent of the content in the missile being developed with Israel would be indigenous." DRDO chief V. K. Saraswat told The Economic Times.[34]
  • On 10 November 2014 the Barak 8 was successfully test fired in Israel with all integrated operational components for both the marine & land system.[35][36]
  • On 26 November 2015, a successful test was conducted on a drone target.[37]
  • On 29 December 2015 and 30 December 2015 the Indian Navy successfully test-fired the Barak 8 missile from INS Kolkata.[38][39] Two missiles were fired at high speed targets, during naval exercises being undertaken in the Arabian Sea.[40][41]
  • On 30 June 2016, India test-fired a land based version of the Barak 8 surface-to-air missile for the first time from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Chandipur, Odisha, successfully hitting the target pilotless target aircraft (PTA) at 8:15 AM IST.[42] the missile was again test fired for second time around noon where it again successfully hit a pilotless target aircraft over the Bay of Bengal. The test-firing of the missile was jointly carried out by Indian defence personnel, DRDO and IAI.[43][44][45][46]
  • On 1 July 2016 the MR SAM (land based version) was tested for the third time from the ITR at Chandipur, at 10:26 AM IST and the missile successfully hit a pilotless target aircraft, proving its reliability.[47]
  • On 20 September 2016, India successfully test fired the Barak-8. The long range missile was launched from a mobile launcher at the ITR in Chandipur at around 10:13 AM IST.[48]
  • On 25 December 2016, Azerbaijan successfully tested the missile.[49]
  • On 10 February 2017, Israel Aerospace Industries test fired the missile at sea to verify it's capabilities.[50][51]

Operators

Map with Barak 8 operators in blue

Current operators

Potential operators

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barak 8 missiles.

References

  1. ^ "India's most-advanced warship to get the missing Missiles". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  2. ^ "WATCH: IAI carries out successful trial of Barak 8 air and missile defense system". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  3. ^ "India's Most-Advanced Warship to Get the Missiles That Were Missing". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Polish navy tests Barak-8 missile, flightglobal.com, 4 September 2014
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Naval Barak-8 Missiles, Israel". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  6. ^ a b "Barak-8 Missiles, Israel, India". 22 November 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  7. ^ a b "India commissions second Kolkata-class destroyer". http://www.janes.com/. IHSJanes. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015. {{cite news}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  8. ^ a b "EXCLUSIVE: Indo-Israeli LRSAM Range Extended By A Third". LIVEFIST. 25 September 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  9. ^ a b c Israel ship missile test for India, The Telegraph, 28 November 2015
  10. ^ a b c Gen Next missile defence shield built by Israel and India clears first hurdle, The Times of India, 28 November 2015
  11. ^ a b c d IAI PDF - Barak 8, iai.co.il
  12. ^ "Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (LRSAM)". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2016-01-16.
  13. ^ "Indo-Israeli LR Sam Test Fired Aboard Indian Warship". Defense News. Retrieved 2016-01-16.
  14. ^ a b c "India's Modi approves $2.5 billion missile deal with Israel". JNS.org. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  15. ^ a b c "Indian Navy successfully test fires Barak-8 long range missile from INS Kolkata". The Indian Express. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  16. ^ a b "Barak 8 Missile to Be Test-Fired This Month". NDTV. 2 August 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  17. ^ a b "Indian Navy to start fitting Barak-8 naval SAM by end of year". IHS Janes. 8 February 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  18. ^ Bourne, Jason. "The Barak Connection- India and Israel". merinews. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
  19. ^ Shiv Aroor (2006-02-07). "India, Israel tie up on next-gen Barak missiles in 2000". ExpressIndia.com. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
  20. ^ "India buys upgraded Israeli air defences for $1.1bn". Reuters. 2009-11-09.
  21. ^ "LR SAM/Barak-8 deliveries to Indian Navy commences". DefenceNews. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  22. ^ "LR SAM/Barak-8 Deliveries To Indian Navy Commences". Indian Defense News. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  23. ^ a b "Israeli Navy to begin installing Barak 8 on Sa'ar 4.5 corvettes | IHS Jane's 360". www.janes.com. Retrieved 2016-02-14.
  24. ^ "Israel tests Barak-8 missile co-developed with India - The Economic Times". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  25. ^ a b c "IAI en route to extended range Barak-8ER - IHS Jane's 360". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  26. ^ "Naval Barak-8".
  27. ^ IAI - Naval Barak 8 Israel Aerospace Industries
  28. ^ Next-Gen: Barak-8, defenseindustrydaily.com, Accessed 25 November 2014
  29. ^ Bhat, Aditya. "India clears deal; army to acquire air defence systems from Israel soon". International Business Times, India Edition. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  30. ^ "India's Modi approves NIS 9.4 billion missile deal with Israel". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 2017-02-24.
  31. ^ Naval Barak-8 Missiles, Israel, India, naval-technology.com, Accessed 25 November 2014
  32. ^ Barak 8 / MR-SAM Test Program to Begin in Early 2012, http://defense-update.com/, 21 November 2011
  33. ^ "Indo-Israeli missile successfully test-fired: DRDO chief". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  34. ^ "Politics/Nation". The Times Of India. 2010-07-01.
  35. ^ "Successful comprehensive trial for IAI's Barak-8 defense missile system". November 11, 2014.
  36. ^ "Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) Successfully Tested the Barak-8 Air & Missile Defense System". November 13, 2014.
  37. ^ "Israel tests Barak-8 missile co-developed with India". 27 November 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  38. ^ "Indian Navy test-fires surface-to-air missile developed with Israel". mid-day. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
  39. ^ a b "Indian Navy test-fires missile developed with Israel". Retrieved 2015-12-29.
  40. ^ "Indian Navy successfully test fires surface-to-air missile Barak-8". www.brahmand.com. Retrieved 2015-12-30.
  41. ^ "Proud Moment. Indian Navy Tests The Most Formidable Missile In Its Arsenal". indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2015-12-30.
  42. ^ Barak-8 missile test-fired from Chandipur[1]
  43. ^ "India's newly developed surface-to-air missile 'Barak- 8' successfully test-fired off Odisha coast". 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2016-06-30.
  44. ^ Eshel, Tamir. "Successful Tests for Indo-Israeli Land-Based Air Defense System | Defense Update:". defense-update.com. Retrieved 2016-06-30.
  45. ^ "Israel Aerospace Barak 8 undergoes successful Indian trials - Globes English". Globes. Retrieved 2016-06-30.
  46. ^ "India Test Fires Barack-8 Missile, An Indo-Israel Project". pragativadi.com. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
  47. ^ "MR SAM hits target successfully for the second time in two days proving its reliability".
  48. ^ "India successfully test fires surface-to-air missile Barak-8". Retrieved 2016-09-20.
  49. ^ Julian, Hana Levi (2016-12-26). "Azerbaijan Successfully Test-fires Israeli-Produced Barak-8 Missile System". The Jewish Press. Retrieved 2017-01-24.
  50. ^ "IAI's Barak-8 test-fired at sea". UPI. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
  51. ^ "Israel Test Fires Barak-8 Missile". www.defenseworld.net. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
  52. ^ http://defence-blog.com/army/azerbaijan-successfully-test-fires-barak-8-long-range-missile-system.html
  53. ^ "List of ammunition purchased by Azerbaijan made public". news.az. 2012-03-27. Retrieved 2012-03-28. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  54. ^ "Sea Ceptor scores new success, gets set for Chile showdown - IHS Jane's 360". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  55. ^ "Watch: India tests Barak 8 missile". Retrieved 30 July 2016.
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