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Nosedive (Black Mirror)

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"Nosedive"
Black Mirror episode
File:Black Mirror - Nosedive.jpg
Lacie (Bryce Dallas Howard) gives a rating using her phone. The episode's pastel colours distinguish it from most Black Mirror episodes.
Episode no.Series 3
Episode 1
Directed byJoe Wright
Story byCharlie Brooker
Teleplay byMichael Schur
Rashida Jones
Cinematography bySeamus McGarvey
Original air date21 October 2016 (2016-10-21)
Running time63 minutes
Guest appearances
Episode chronology
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List of Black Mirror episodes

"Nosedive" is the first episode of the third series of British science fiction anthology series Black Mirror. Michael Schur and Rashida Jones wrote the teleplay for the episode, based on a story by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker, while Joe Wright acted as director. Max Richter composed the soundtrack. It premiered on Netflix on 21 October 2016, together with the rest of the third series.

The episode is set in a world where people can rate each other from one to five stars for every interaction they have. Lacie (Bryce Dallas Howard) is a young woman overly obsessed with her ratings and is chosen by her popular childhood friend (Alice Eve) as the maid of honour for her wedding. On her journey to the wedding Lacie gets angry at a customer service worker, beginning a rapid reduction in her rating.

"Nosedive" had a larger budget than episodes in previous series and was given a different style, based on pastel aesthetics. The episode was filmed in South Africa, with Seamus McGarvey as director of photography and Joel Collins as the production designer. As it is part of an anthology series, production was similar to making a short film. In interviews, several people who worked on the episode expressed negative views towards social media.[who?]

The episode has received mainly positive reviews and is mostly ranked in the top half in critics' lists of Black Mirror episodes by quality. The pastel aesthetics have been widely praised, along with Richter's soundtrack and Howard's performance. The tone of the episode is less dark than other Black Mirror episodes, and in particular the ending is less bleak than usual for the series; reaction to this has been polarised. A criticism for several reviewers was the episode's predictability, though the episode's script and comedic undertones were praised by some. Many critics noted the similarity of the episode to real world app Peeple and China's upcoming Social Credit System, along with fictional works about social media with themes of gender and obsession with image. The episode was nominated for several awards, including a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Howard and a Primetime Emmy Awards nomination for McGarvey.

Plot

Society has adapted to technology where, through eye implants and mobile devices, everyone shares their daily activities and rates their interactions with others on a one-to-five star scale. One's current average rating can be seen by others and has significant influence on their societal status.

Lacie Pound (Bryce Dallas Howard) lives with her brother Ryan (James Norton) who has a lower rating than her but does not care. Currently rated a 4.2, Lacie seeks to raise her rating to 4.5 in order to obtain a discount for a luxury apartment. Her attempts to be an outgoing and pleasant socialite do little to help. She talks to a consultant who suggests she try to gain favour from people with very high ratings, who have a larger impact on her score. Lacie takes a photograph of Mr. Rags, a teddy bear that she and her childhood friend Naomi (Alice Eve) made together. She is pleased when Naomi rates the photo highly and later calls her, informing her that she just got engaged and asks Lacie to be her maid of honour at the wedding and deliver a speech. Lacie readily agrees, and her consultant confirms that making a good speech in front of Naomi's guests, all of whom have 4.5 ratings or higher, will elevate her own. Lacie makes a commitment on the luxury apartment.

By the day she is to fly out to the wedding, Lacie is stressed between packing for her move, packing for the trip, and practicing her speech. She gets into a disagreement with Ryan, making her late for her ride, and runs into a passerby, spilling her coffee. The two rate her negatively, dropping her rating below 4.2. At the airport, she is told her flight was cancelled, and with her current rating, they cannot let her onto another; Lacey causes a scene. Security intervenes, and she is penalised by having her rating knocked down a full point for a period of 24 hours, as well as having all negative ratings count double against her. Because of her lower rating, Lacie can only manage to rent an older electric car to drive to the wedding, causing her to miss Naomi's rehearsal dinner. She cannot recharge the car when it runs out of power, and is forced to hitchhike; she meets Susan (Cherry Jones), a truck driver with a rating of less than 2.0, who offers her a ride. Susan tells Lacie that she used to care about her rating, until her late husband was passed over for vital cancer treatment for being a tenth of a point under the required rating, and that she feels much freer without obsessing over ratings.

The next day, while Lacie is en route to the wedding via RV, Naomi tells her to not come, as her severely reduced rating will negatively impact her own ratings. Enraged, Lacie manages to get to the site of the wedding and sneak in during the celebratory dinner. She grabs the microphone and starts giving the speech she had written but starts becoming dangerously upset, at one point grabbing a knife and threatening to behead Mr. Rags. By this point, the guests have rated Lacie negatively, so her rating has dropped to zero. Security comes and secures Lacie. She is taken to prison, the technology supporting the rating system removed from her eyes, and placed in a cell. She gets into an argument with a man in a separate cell (Sope Dirisu), also stripped of the rating hardware, and both realise how freeing it is to speak without worrying about being rated.

Production

"Nosedive" is the first episode of the third series of Black Mirror; all six episodes in this series were released on Netflix simultaneously on 21 October 2016. Brooker says it was selected to be the season premiere "partly to slightly ease people in", as "we thought [it] was probably one of the most accessible episodes".[1] Alongside "San Junipero", "Nosedive" was first shown in 2016 ahead of its Netflix release at the Toronto International Film Festival.[2] Two days prior to the series' release on Netflix, Brooker hinted that "Nosedive" is "a pastel, playful satire about modern insecurity."[3]

Whilst series one and two of Black Mirror were shown on Channel 4 in the UK, in September 2015 Netflix commissioned the series for 12 episodes (split into two series of six episodes),[4] and in March 2016 it outbid Channel 4 for the rights to distributing the third series, with a bid of $40 million.[5] Due to its move to Netflix, the show had a larger budget than in previous series,[6] which one critic suggests is responsible for the "impressive line-up" that was noted by many reviewers.[7] Another critic called this episode the show's "most ambitious yet";[8] due to its larger episode order, series 3 was also able to vary its genre and tone more than previous series.[9] One reviewer also noted that "Nosedive" contained "only American characters".[2]

In November 2016, to tie in with the episode, Netflix released a tongue-in-cheek app called Rate Me. The app allows users to rate people, by their Twitter handle, and view their own rating and the ratings of others.[10]

Conception and writing

Rashida Jones and Michael Schur, who wrote the script for "Nosedive".

The episode is based on an idea by series creator Charlie Brooker. In a 2016 interview, Brooker states that the original idea, from five years previous, was similar to Brewster's Millions and based on the idea of a high status person trying to reduce their ranking.[11] Later, Brooker wrote either a three[12] or four[13] page outline for the episode, wanting it to be "comedic, darkly".[12] Rashida Jones and Michael Schur wrote the episode. Known for comedy and sitcoms, the pair had previously worked together on many shows, including Parks and Recreation, but had never written anything together before "Nosedive". Both fans of Black Mirror, Jones had been in contact with Brooker for a few years beforehand; Schur wrote the first half of the episode (up to "[Lacie] finding out that [Naomi] doesn't want her to come"), while Jones wrote the second half, and the two then "blended and mixed" their scripts.[13]

In 2016, Schur had accounts on Twitter but not Facebook or Instagram, as "there's a bunch of strangers talking shit about you in there", and Jones expressed a similarly negative attitude, stating "I do have very strong, very conflicted feelings about rating systems and social media."[13] Brooker notes that "you are rewarded for having a more extreme opinion" on social media; in the episode, as on the internet, almost all ratings given are either one or five stars.[14] Similarly, Schur opines that social media causes people to exaggerate their behaviour, particularly their rudeness.[15] Jones believes that the episode, as with all Black Mirror episodes, "pushes you into the near future", while Schur considers it to be more of a "parallel reality". Brooker has described the episode as "like a cross between Pleasantville and The Truman Show".[12] Jones says the idea that "women are taught to be liked, and men are taught to be powerful", credited to Sheryl Sandberg, is relevant to the episode, with Schur agreeing that Lacie's gender is important to the story,[14] though Schur notes that edited images on social media are causing negative body image issues for men as well.[15]

Filming

Joe Wright, the episode's director.

Joe Wright directed the episode, Seamus McGarvey was director of photography and Joel Collins, working for VFX company Painting Practice, was the production designer.[16] The episode was shot in four weeks[17] on an island an hour from Cape Town, South Africa; "San Junipero" was also filmed in South Africa.[18][16] In an interview with Variety, McGarvey noted that the episode was shot in 4K resolution at the request of Netflix; he said the colour scheme was "a sort of peppermint green, duck egg blue [and] strange peach colors", and that props and "even the drinks people are drinking" were chosen with care to create a "sickly pastel feel".[17] Brooker pointed out that directors of Black Mirror episodes (in this case, Wright) have more "power" than in serialised television shows, as "it is like making a short film", and he said that Wright had "been feeling quite bruised after doing Pan, and [Black Mirror] was a good thing for him to get his teeth into which wasn't the full five-year commitment of a movie".[19] McGarvey had previously worked with Wright.[17] The scenes in which Lacie is driving utilise a computer-generated landscape designed by Dan May, the episode's art director.[16]

Bryce Dallas Howard plays Lacie, the episode's main character. Howard gained 30 pounds for the role, saying in an interview with Marie Claire that body shaming is a "huge part of the subtext of the story". Howard first joined social media during Thanksgiving 2015 and was approached with the treatment of the episode a fortnight later, in December 2015.[20][21]

Music

Max Richter, a self-described "conservatoire, university-trained classical composer",[22] composed the episode's soundtrack. Richter first met the director, Joe Wright, in London before the shooting of the episode had been completed and began coming up with ideas for the score. Richter aimed to "support" the episode's display of "incredible anxiety hovering beneath this smiley surface [...] while at the same time not flattening out the emotionality of it", commenting in an interview that Wright's camerawork had a "dream-like quality" and that Brooker's "story was fantastic".[23] In another interview, Richter said he was aiming for the episode to have "warmth and a fairytale quality throughout" with "darkness underneath it", and notes that his composition was based on "the sentiment and the emotional trajectory of the characters". Richter also composed the sound effects which play when one character rates another, and incorporated these sounds into the score itself.[22]

Analysis

Several critics compared the episode to a 2014 episode of Community, "App Development and Condiments", which features an app where users assign each other "Meow Meow Beenz" ratings on a scale from one to five; Jack Shepherd of The Independent notes that both episodes "critically [analyse] people's obsession with stature on social media platforms with rating systems".[8] Other reviewers compared "Nosedive" to the mobile application Peeple,[24] in which users could rate one another, that garnered immediate backlash upon its release.[24][11] Brooker said in an interview that he was not aware of the Community episode when he came up with the idea for "Nosedive", but that he did see advertising for Peeple during pre-production, initially thinking it would turn out to be marketing for a comedy show, and he considered whether or not they should still produce the episode.[11] The episode has also been compared to the 2003 novel Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, as each work explores a link between social approval and power.[25]

Manuel Betancourt of Pacific Standard explains how "Nosedive" fits with other portrayals of social media in television and film, comparing it to 2017 films The Circle and Ingrid Goes West, which both explore negative aspects of social media. Betancourt says that historically, women have been portrayed as victims of technology, a pattern which these works fit. For instance, Ingrid and Lacie are both obsessed with coming across as perfect online. In contrast, male characters are traditionally the voice of reason: in these works, Lacie's brother Ryan, Mercer (The Circle) and Taylor's husband (Ingrid Goes West) serve this purpose. Furthermore, the androgyny of "Nosedive" character Susan is linked to her disdain for social media.[26] Betancourt writes that these characterisations do not accord with research on how men and women use technology, where some studies report that men have more emotional investment in positive feedback on social media. However, "Nosedive" shows people of all genders placing importance in social media, leading Betancourt to call it "perhaps the most keen-eyed critique [...] of recent titles".[27]

A Business Insider article by Erin Brodwin notes that the episode shows Lacie fall victim to the hedonic treadmill. Despite momentary happiness when receiving a high rating, Lacie is "lonely and unsatisfied". Brodwin points out that scientific studies concur with Lacie's experience, because there is no correlation between using social media and being happy in the long-term.[28]

In November 2016, the Facebook page for Black Mirror shared an article in The Washington Post about Social Credit System, a rating system proposed by the government of China;[note 1] in Den of Geek!, Rob Leane notes that this is very similar to the rating system that appears in "Nosedive".[29] The Sesame Credit app was launched by Ant Financial in December 2017, leading to further comparisons to the episode.[30][31][32] Sesame Credit rewards users that, based on a rating derived from social media discovery tools and other Big Data patterns alongside financial credit ratings, are loyal to China, its government, and its brands through better loan rates and other services, while those that have their rating fall below a threshold are unable to procure some services.[33] Brooker joked, "I promise you we didn't sell the idea to the Chinese government!" About seeing the concept of the episode come to life in the real world, Brooker said, "It was quite trippy".[34] Brooker comments that a key difference between China's rating system and the one in "Nosedive" is that "that there's a central government assessing things. Being state-controlled, it feels even more sinister", and also points out that Social Credit System "sounds like an attempt to make the population behave in a particular way".[35]

Critics have also noted the inclusion of Easter eggs within Black Mirror – small details referring to other episodes. In "Nosedive", there is a frame where a social media post from Michael Callow reads, "Just got thrown out of the zoo again :(", a joke based on Callow having intercourse with a pig in "The National Anthem".[36] Brooker has described this Easter egg as his favourite in series three.[37] Another reference to that episode is the fictional show Sea of Tranquility; in "The National Anthem", a special effects expert mentions having worked on the show, while in "Nosedive", Lacie hitchhikes with fans of the show. Additionally, in "Hated in the Nation", a news ticker contains the term "Reputelligent", which is the name of the company that Lacie consults for advice about her rating.[38]

Reception

"Nosedive" was mostly well-received by critics. The episode garnered four star ratings in The Independent, The Guardian and the Daily Mirror,[19][6][39] along with an A– rating in The A.V. Club.[40] In The Mancunion, the episode received 3.5 stars;[41] it was rated three stars by The Telegraph and the Irish Independent.[7][42] Emefa Setranah of The Mancunion writes that the episode lives up to the show's reputation,[41] and The Guardian's Benjamin Lee says the episode feels fresh despite covering technology similarly to prior episodes.[6] Charles Bramesco writes in Vulture that it expresses the show's "guiding theme" with "lucid clarity".[43] TheWrap authors praise how the episode tackles society's social media obsession,[44] and Mat Elfring of GameSpot opines that its thought-provoking nature makes it a good choice for the season premiere.[45] Matt Fowler writes for IGN that the episode is "both fun and frustrating" which contrasts with the "grounded and grim" episodes to follow.[46] Esquire's Corey Atad opines that it is "a tad too simplistic" though "totally engaging".[47] Pat Stacey criticises the episode in the Irish Independent that it "sets up the premise crisply, then spends far too much time labouring the point."[42]

A major criticism among reviewers was the episode's predictability and repetitiveness,[41][48] while reception to the ending was mixed. Aubrey Page on Collider calls the episode "woefully surface-level and a bit off-brand" because of its predictability,[49] with Variety's Andrew Wallenstein agreeing and further saying that the episode lacks a disturbing tone, though this makes it more accessible.[50] Zack Handlen of The A.V. Club believes that the first half of "Nosedive" is too predictable but the second half "[adds] depth and sincerity".[40] Tasha Robinson writes for The Verge that the episode "can be strident and obvious" but "understands human nature very well".[25] Some reviewers believed the episode was too long and the ending was too positive.[24][40][51] However, Digital Spy's Alex Mullane praised the ending, because though it is "bleak in some ways" it is also "a moment of sheer, fist-pumping joy";[52] Jacob Hall agrees on /Film, calling the ending "simultaneously cathartic and on-the-nose".[48]

However, critics had a mostly positive response to the script as a whole, with some noting comedic undertones.[53] Robinson describes the episode as an "exaggerated morality play about the dangers of conformity and the small pleasures of individuality".[25] The script has been called "bitingly hilarious",[2] "funny", "uplifting",[52] "moving" and "supremely unsettling".[43] Suchandrika Chakrabarti comments in the Daily Mirror that the writing adds to the viewer's sense of danger,[39] while Lee approves of the script avoiding exposition.[6] On the other hand, The Telegraph's Mark Monahan criticises that the plot and characters do not live up to their potential.[7] Page feels the episode "lacks the sadistic snap of Brooker's usual work".[49]

Max Richter performing as a pianist
Max Richter's soundtrack for the episode was praised by reviewers.

The episode's visual style and Joe Wright's directing were highly commended;[19] the setting for the episode garnered positive reception.[2][6][7] Christian Bone of WhatCulture praises the "distinctive pastel-coloured visual palette"[54] and Hall compliments "stellar production values",[48] while Forbes' Paul Tassi calls it the "most visually-stunning" of the series.[51] Sophie Gilbert of The Atlantic praises the juxtaposition of calm visuals with narrative tension.[24] Robinson notes that the aesthetics mark a difference between the characters with high and low ratings.[25] Adam Chitwood comments for Collider that the visual style "keeps everything focused on the characters", which is different to Joe Wright's typical style.[2] Setranah notes that Netflix's large budget is apparent in the visuals of the episode,[41] and The Independent writers suggest it is detailed enough to be revisited.[55]

Many critics praised Howard's performance,[40][41][54] with Atad calling it "delightfully unhinged".[47] Additionally, Gilbert writes that Howard "conveys Lacie's inner frustration while grinning cheerfully through it".[24] Howard's acting ensures viewers are on Lacie's side, according to Mullane, who also compliments Eve's acting as "excellent".[52]

Max Richter's musical composition for the episode was well-received. The Independent writers compliment Richter for "blending the diegetic sounds of the app with the non-diegetic score evoking our protagonist's struggle to determine reality and fiction",[19] an element which Robinson also praises.[25] Fowler calls the score "very compelling"[46] and Monahan describes it as "elegantly elegiac".[7]

"Nosedive" was parodied in the 2017 Saturday Night Live sketch "Five Stars". It features Aziz Ansari and Bobby Moynihan desperately trying to impress each other on an Uber ride in order to boost each other's ratings. The sketch explicitly mentions Black Mirror, with both characters saying that "San Junipero" is their favourite episode.[56][57]

Episode ranking

"Nosedive" appears on many critics' rankings of the 13 episodes in Black Mirror's first three series.

Other critics have ranked the six episodes from series three of Black Mirror in order of quality. In The Independent's ranking, "Nosedive" is second.[55] In Forbes, Paul Tassi places the episode third.[51] The episode is ninth on a Top Ten list by Brendan Doyle of Comingsoon.net, written prior to series 4's release.[60]

Awards

See also: Black Mirror § Accolades

"Nosedive" was nominated for several awards in 2017; the third season of Black Mirror also received several other nominations and awards.

Award Category Recipients Result Reference
BAFTA Television Craft Awards Best Photography and Lighting – Fiction Seamus McGarvey Nominated [61]
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries Bryce Dallas Howard Nominated [62]
Art Directors Guild Awards Excellence in Production Design for a Television Movie or Limited Series Joel Collins, James Foster and Nicholas Palmer
(Also nominated for "Playtest" and "San Junipero") 		Nominated [63]
NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Writing in a Motion Picture – Television Rashida Jones and Michael Schur Nominated [64]
Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Cinematography for a Limited Series or Movie Seamus McGarvey Nominated [65]

Notes

  1. ^ The article shared was the following: Denyer, Simon (22 October 2016). "China's plan to organize its society relies on 'big data' to rate everyone". The Washington Post.

References

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