Michael Chang
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Country (sports) | ![]() |
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Residence | Orange County, California, USA |
Born | Hoboken, New Jersey, USA | February 22, 1972
Height | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) |
Turned pro | 1988 (amateur tour from 1987) |
Retired | 2003 |
Plays | Right-handed (two-handed backhand) |
Coach | José Higueras (1989)[1] Carl Chang (1992–2003)[2] |
Prize money | US$19,145,632 |
Int. Tennis HoF | 2008 (member page) |
Official website | mchang.com |
Singles | |
Career record | 662–312 |
Career titles | 34 |
Highest ranking | No. 2 (September 9, 1996) |
Grand Slam singles results | |
Australian Open | F (1996) |
French Open | W (1989) |
Wimbledon | QF (1994) |
US Open | F (1996) |
Other tournaments | |
Tour Finals | F (1995) |
Grand Slam Cup | F (1991, 1992) |
Olympic Games | 2R (1992) |
Doubles | |
Career record | 11–33 |
Career titles | 0 |
Highest ranking | No. 199 (April 19, 1993) |
Team competitions | |
Davis Cup | W (1990) |
Coaching career | |
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Last updated on: July 5, 2014. |
Michael Chang | |||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 張德培 | ||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 张德培 | ||||||||||||||
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Michael Te-Pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is a retired American professional tennis player. He won 34 top-level professional singles titles, including the 1989 French Open when he was 17. He also was a three-time runner-up at the majors and reached a career best ranking of world No. 2 in 1996. Since he was shorter than virtually all of his opponents, he played a dogged defensive style utilizing his quickness and speed. In 2008, he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame,[3] and he has coached Kei Nishikori since 2014.[4]
Early life
Michael Chang was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1972 to Joe Chang (張洪笙) and Betty (董良因, née Tung). Betty and Joe moved from Taiwan to the US in 1959 and 1966 respectively, and met after being introduced by a mutual friend. Betty was born in Delhi, India, the daughter of Taiwan-Hakka ancestry, Michael Tung (董宗山), then serving as diplomat of The Republic of China to India, who then served in the Legislative Yuan and was an ambassador to Cambodia, Dominican Republic and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, among other diplomatic posts in 1960s to 1980s. Joe was born in Chaozhou, China, and moved to Taiwan at age seven.[citation needed] Michael's Chinese name (simplified Chinese: 张德培; traditional Chinese: 張德培; pinyin: Zhāng Dépéi) was chosen by Joe, and his English name by Betty (who named him after her father).[citation needed]
After moving from Hoboken, New Jersey, to St. Paul, Minnesota, where Michael learned tennis, the Changs moved first to Placentia, California, and then Encinitas, California, to increase the tennis opportunities for Michael and his older brother, Carl. Betty quit her job as a chemist to travel with Chang on the tour.[5] After rising to #163 in the world as a 15-year-old amateur, Chang dropped out of tenth grade at San Dieguito High School in Encinitas after passing his GED in February 1988 in order to pursue a professional tennis career.
Chang also attended the master's in ministry program at Biola University in La Mirada, California, for a year and a half. He serves on Biola's Board of Trustees.[6]
Tennis career
Chang first came to the tennis world's attention as an outstanding junior player who set numerous "youngest-ever" records. He won his first national title, the USTA Junior Hard Court singles, at the age of 12. Aged 13, he won the Fiesta Bowl 16s. Two years later, aged 15, Chang won the USTA Boys 18s Hardcourts and the Boys 18s Nationals, and became the youngest player to win a main draw match at the US Open when he defeated Paul McNamee in four sets in the first round. A month later he reached the semifinals at Scottsdale, Arizona to become the youngest player to reach the semifinal stage of a top-level professional tournament. He won his first top-level singles title in 1988 at San Francisco, aged 16 years and 7 months.
Chang's most significant youngest-ever record came in 1989 when he won the French Open at the age of 17 years, 110 days, to become the youngest male player ever to win a Grand Slam title. He defeated Stefan Edberg in a five-set final, 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2. His victory is equally remembered for an epic five-set encounter with Ivan Lendl in the fourth round (see below). Chang became the first American man to win the French Open since 1955, and the first American man to win a Grand Slam since 1984. And in August 1989, Chang became the youngest player to be ranked in the world's top 5.
Chang met Edberg in the semifinals of the US Open in 1992, this time Edberg winning in a five-set encounter, 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 5–7, 6–4. The 5-hour, 26-minute match is the longest in US Open history. Chang reached three further Grand Slam finals after his 1989 French Open triumph, losing the 1995 French Open final to Thomas Muster, the 1996 Australian Open final to Boris Becker, and the 1996 US Open final to Pete Sampras. In the 1995 French Open, he defeated Michael Stich and then two-time defending champion Sergi Bruguera in the semifinals in straight sets, eventually losing to Muster. In both the 1996 Australian and U.S. Opens, he defeated Andre Agassi in the semifinals in straight sets; a win over Sampras at the U.S. Open would have made Chang the no. 1 player in the world. In the 1997 U.S. Open, he was the odds-on favorite to win after Sampras was upset by Petr Korda; however, Chang lost to eventual champion Patrick Rafter in the semifinals in straight sets.
Chang was a key member of the US team which won the Davis Cup in 1990. In the semifinals at Austria, his dramatic comeback from two-sets down against Horst Skoff, 3–6, 6–7, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, led the US into its first Davis Cup final since 1984.[7] Chang went on to defeat Darren Cahill in straight sets, as the US defeated Australia in the final. He was also on the US team which won the World Team Cup in 1993. His best performance in the year-end singles championship came in 1995, when he defeated Muster, Jim Courier, and then dominated Pete Sampras in the semifinals, before losing in the final to Boris Becker.
Chang represented the US in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, reaching the second round before being eliminated by Jaime Oncins. He chose to skip the 1996 Summer Olympics despite the fact that the event was held in Atlanta and that he would have been the tournament's number-one seed (the singles' gold medal was won by Andre Agassi). Chang participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he was eliminated in the first round by Sébastien Lareau.
Chang was introduced to tennis by his father Joe, who was his first coach. During his rise in 1989 (including his French Open title), he was coached by José Higueras. For much of his professional career, he was coached by his older brother Carl Chang, who also played in several doubles tournaments with him in the early-1990s. He was the first player to be beaten by Roger Federer in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, at the 2000 Australian Open.[8] He was also the second player to be beaten by Andy Roddick in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, in the second round of the French Open in 2001.[9]
Chang retired from the professional tour in 2003. During his career, he won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles. His final top-level title was won in 2000 at Los Angeles. His total career prize-money earnings was US$19,145,632. His career-high singles ranking was world no. 2 in 1996, following his US Open finals performance. He was a year-end top-ten player for six consecutive years in the 1990s (1992–1997), a feat matched in the decade only by Pete Sampras. He is one of a few players to win ATP titles in three different decades. His three Indian Wells Masters titles was an ATP record which stood for 15 years, before being eclipsed by Roger Federer in 2012.
Since retiring from the top-level game, Chang has joined Jim Courier's senior tour, which began on March 10, 2006, in Naples, Florida.
Chang became Kei Nishikori's coach in 2014.
1989 French Open match vs Ivan Lendl
Chang's most famous match took place at the 1989 French Open, on the way to winning his only Grand Slam singles title. Chang defeated Eduardo Masso, Pete Sampras and Francisco Roig, dropping only one set, in reaching the fourth round. There, Chang faced World No. 1, reigning Australian Open champion, and three-time former French Open champion Ivan Lendl. Conventional wisdom made Lendl the heavy favorite to win the match against the 15th-seeded 17-year-old Chang.
In 1988, Chang had been easily beaten by Lendl in an exhibition match held in Des Moines, Iowa. After the match, Lendl advised Chang, "First off, you’ve got no serve. And you’ve certainly got no second serve. You can’t hurt me. You can run but you better develop a weapon to survive out here", all weaknesses that Chang worked to improve on.[10]
Lendl appeared to be on the way to victory after taking the first two sets 6–4, 6–4, and then breaking Chang's serve in his opening service game of the third set. However, Chang broke back immediately and went on to claim the third set, 6–3. During the fourth set, Chang experienced a severe attack of leg cramps, and though he won the set to level the match, he considered retiring from the match while up 2–1 in the fifth set. He later said that he felt "an unbelievable conviction in my heart" not to give up, and decided to finish the match.[11][12]
Chang paced the sidelines during changeovers as he risked not being able to get up if he sat down, and ate bananas and drank water at every opportunity. He also adopted some unusual tactics in an attempt to overcome his cramps such as hitting the ball high into the air on many points to slow the game down (known as "moon balls"), and began to go for more winners in order to shorten the points.[13] The success of these tactics caused Lendl, known to be one of the least easily fazed players, to lose his rhythm and also prompted him to swear at the umpire and the crowd, especially after losing a key point in the fifth set when Chang shocked him by delivering an under-arm serve.[14]
Chang continued to suffer from cramps, but managed to take a 5–3 lead in the fifth set with two match points on Lendl's serve. Aiming to break Lendl's concentration one more time, Chang stood almost at the T-line in the centre of the court while waiting to receive Lendl's serve. The crowd started laughing at the bizarre situation and Lendl seemed to think everyone was mocking him. The tactic worked, as Lendl produced a double-fault to give Chang the victory, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3, in 4 hours and 37 minutes. Chang sank to his knees and broke down in tears at the conclusion of the match.
Lendl afterwards remarked on his loss to Chang, "Lots of times a lesser player could beat me and not back it up. You’d have to say he was a lesser player then, but Michael backed it up."[15]
Seven days later, after beating Stefan Edberg in five sets, Chang went on to lift the Coupe des Mousquetaires, becoming the youngest men's champion in Grand Slam history.[16][17] The match was played on June 5, 1989 just one day after the height of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. Chang has frequently noted the impact of the massacre when recalling his French Open victory:
"A lot of people forget that Tiananmen Square was going on. The crackdown that happened was on the middle Sunday at the French Open, so if I was not practicing or playing a match, I was glued to the television, watching the events unfold...I often tell people I think it was God's purpose for me to be able to win the French Open the way it was won because I was able to put a smile on Chinese people's faces around the world at a time when there wasn't much to smile about."[18]
Chang would defeat Lendl again in near-duplicate fashion, 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6 (7-5), 9–7 in a 4-hour, 42-minute semifinal at the Grand Slam Cup 2½ years later on December 14, 1991.[19]
Business ventures
Chang and his family established CMCB Enterprises, which has real estate holdings including shopping malls, in California, Texas, Arizona and Colorado. In 2003, they bought Dunton Realty Co., a retail brokerage and property management company,[20] and changed its name to Dunton Commercial Real Estate Co.[21] In 2004, they bought SullivanHayes Cos., a retail real estate company in Denver.[22] It was chosen by Denver International Airport to develop a new 17-acre retail project along Peña Boulevard, the airport's main artery.[23]
Equipment and endorsements
Chang signed a multimillion-dollar endorsement deal with Reebok in 1988;[24] he wore Reebok apparel and Reebok Court Victory Pumps shoes[25] during his tennis career[26] and used Prince rackets on court.[27] He started using the Prince "Precision Michael Chang Graphite" 28-inch signature racket in 1994, which was an inch longer than the standard model.[28]
Chang signed endorsement deals with Nissin Foods noodles in 1989,[29] Panasonic[30] and Longines in the 1990s,[31] Cathay Pacific Airlines in 1990,[32] Bristol-Myers Squibb promoting Nuprin in 1991,[33] Stelux watches in 1993,[34] Discover Card in 1996,[35] Tiger Balm,[36] Procter & Gamble (endorsing P&G's Rejoice Shampoo),[37] Eveready Battery Company (endorsing Eveready Alkaline batteries),[37] and Yale locks.[24] In 1997, he signed a multi-year contract to endorse Watch Reebok, a collection of sports watches. A limited edition Michael Chang signature watch was released at Christmas.[38]
Public image
Chang's success marked the start of an era in which a new generation of American players—which also included Pete Sampras, Jim Courier, and Andre Agassi—would come to dominate the game.[16]
Charity work
Chang served as Chairman of ATP Tour Charities in 1994. He has supported grassroots tennis development in Asia through his Stars of the Future program in Hong Kong and the Reebok Challenge across Asia. He was one of five athletes named in the second annual "Most Caring Athlete" list by USA Today Weekend in 1995. In 1997, he was given one of seven Asian-American leadership awards by A Magazine for his status as a role model for Asian-American youth. He has also served as a national spokesman for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in the US.
In 2001, Chang served as a goodwill ambassador for the 2008 Beijing Olympic bid committee.
In 2002, he published a book about his career, Holding Serve: Persevering On and Off the Court.
Personal life
A devout Christian, Chang first spotlighted his faith upon winning the 1989 French Open, declaring "I thank the Lord Jesus Christ, because without Him, I am nothing."[39] In 1999 Chang and his family established the Chang Family Foundation, dedicated to integrating tennis, family, and Christian faith. The Foundation is now based in Rancho Santa Margarita, California.[40]
Chang lives in Orange County, California. He is an avid fisherman who often takes fishing trips while traveling. He also has a passion for breeding African cichlids in several large freshwater aquariums at his home.
On October 18, 2008, Chang married Amber Liu, also a professional tennis player.[41][42] They have two daughters, Lani (born December 9, 2010)[43] and Maile (born February 2013).[44]
Chang has played recreational tennis with Yervant Manavian.
Awards and recognition
- Chang won the ATP Newcomer of the Year award in 1988.
- Chang was awarded ATP Most Improved Player in 1989.
- On May 3, 2009, Chang was honored by the Los Angeles Chinese Historical Society of Southern California in "Celebrating Taiwanese Americans in Sports".[45]
Records
- These records were attained in the Open Era of tennis.
- Records in bold indicate peer-less achievements.
Championship | Years | Record accomplished | Player tied |
French Open | 1989 | Youngest Grand Slam men's singles champion | Stands alone |
French Open | 1989 | Only Asian-rooted male to win Grand Slam men's singles champion | Stands alone |
Hong Kong Open | 1994–1995, 1997 | 3 singles titles | Stands alone |
Significant finals
Grand Slam finals
Singles: 4 (1–3)
Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1989 | French Open | Clay | ![]() |
6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 1995 | French Open | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 1996 | Australian Open | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 1996 | US Open | Hard | ![]() |
1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7) |
Year-End Championships finals
Singles: 1 (0–1)
Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Runner-up | 1995 | Frankfurt | Carpet | ![]() |
6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7) |
Masters Series finals
Singles: 9 (7–2)
Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1990 | Canada (Toronto) | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2) |
Winner | 1992 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4, 7–5 |
Winner | 1992 | Miami | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Winner | 1993 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 0–6, 6–4 |
Winner | 1994 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 1995 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6 |
Winner | 1996 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 6–1, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 1996 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 4–6 |
Winner | 1997 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3 |
ATP career finals
Singles: 58 (34 titles, 24 runner-ups)
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Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1. | September 26, 1988 | San Francisco, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–2, 6–3 |
Winner | 2. | May 29, 1989 | French Open, Paris | Clay | ![]() |
6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 1. | September 18, 1989 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 4–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 3. | November 7, 1989 | Wembley, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–2, 6–1, 6–1 |
Winner | 4. | July 23, 1990 | Toronto, Canada | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2) |
Runner-up | 2. | July 30, 1990 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 6–2, 6–7(3–7) |
Runner-up | 3. | November 5, 1990 | Wembley, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–7(7–9), 3–6 |
Winner | 5. | November 4, 1991 | Birmingham, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 4. | December 10, 1991 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 6. | February 3, 1992 | San Francisco, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Winner | 7. | March 2, 1992 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4, 7–5 |
Winner | 8. | March 13, 1992 | Miami, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 5. | April 13, 1992 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 6. | December 8, 1992 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
2–6, 3–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 9. | January 11, 1993 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 6–2, 6–1 |
Winner | 10. | March 29, 1993 | Osaka, Japan | Hard | ![]() |
6–4, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 7. | August 2, 1993 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–0, 6–7(3–7), 6–7(5–7) |
Winner | 11. | August 9, 1993 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 0–6, 6–4 |
Runner-up | 8. | August 23, 1993 | Long Island, US | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 1–6 |
Winner | 12. | September 27, 1993 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–0, 6–4 |
Winner | 13. | October 18, 1993 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–6(7–5), 6–7(6–8), 6–4 |
Winner | 14. | January 10, 1994 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 9. | January 31, 1994 | San Jose, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 3–6, 5–7 |
Winner | 15. | February 14, 1994 | Philadelphia, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 10. | April 4, 1994 | Tokyo, Japan | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 2–6 |
Winner | 16. | April 11, 1994 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–1, 6–3 |
Winner | 17. | April 25, 1994 | Atlanta, US | Clay | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0 |
Winner | 18. | August 8, 1994 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 11. | October 10, 1994 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 19. | October 17, 1994 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 12. | February 6, 1995 | San Jose, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
2–6, 6–1, 3–6 |
Runner-up | 13. | February 20, 1995 | Philadelphia, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–0, 4–6, 0–6 |
Winner | 20. | April 17, 1995 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–1 |
Winner | 21. | May 1, 1995 | Atlanta, US | Clay | ![]() |
6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4 |
Runner-up | 14. | May 29, 1995 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 15. | August 7, 1995 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6 |
Winner | 22. | October 9, 1995 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Winner | 23. | October 16, 1995 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–5, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 16. | November 14, 1995 | Tennis Masters Cup, Hannover | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7) |
Runner-up | 17. | January 15, 1996 | Australian Open, Melbourne, Australia | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6 |
Winner | 24. | March 11, 1996 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 6–1, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 18. | April 8, 1996 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 4–6 |
Winner | 25. | July 15, 1996 | Washington, D.C., US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 6–4 |
Winner | 26. | July 29, 1996 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–4, 6–3 |
Runner-up | 19. | August 5, 1996 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 4–6 |
Runner-up | 20. | August 26, 1996 | US Open, New York City | Hard | ![]() |
1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7) |
Runner-up | 21. | September 30, 1996 | Singapore | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 4–6 |
Winner | 27. | February 17, 1997 | Memphis, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Winner | 28. | March 10, 1997 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3 |
Winner | 29. | April 7, 1997 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Winner | 30. | April 21, 1997 | Orlando, US | Clay | ![]() |
4–6, 6–2, 6–1 |
Winner | 31. | July 14, 1997 | Washington, D.C., US | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 6–2, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 22. | February 16, 1998 | Memphis, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
3–6, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 23. | April 20, 1998 | Orlando, US | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 6–3, 5–7 |
Winner | 32. | August 24, 1998 | Boston, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Winner | 33. | October 5, 1998 | Shanghai, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 24. | January 10, 2000 | Auckland, New Zealand | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 3–6, 5–7 |
Winner | 34. | July 24, 2000 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(2–7), 6–3, ret. |
Singles performance timeline
Tournament | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | W–L | SR | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grand Slam tournaments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australian Open | A | A | A | A | A | 3R | 2R | A | SF | F | SF | 2R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | A | 21–10 | 0 / 10 | |||||
French Open | A | 3R | W | QF | QF | 3R | 2R | 3R | F | 3R | 4R | 3R | 1R | 3R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 38–15 | 1 / 16 | |||||
Wimbledon | A | 2R | 4R | 4R | 1R | 1R | 3R | QF | 2R | 1R | 1R | 2R | A | 2R | 2R | 2R | A | 18–14 | 0 / 14 | |||||
US Open | 2R | 4R | 4R | 3R | 4R | SF | QF | 4R | QF | F | SF | 2R | 2R | 2R | 1R | 2R | 1R | 43–17 | 0 / 17 | |||||
Win–Loss | 1–1 | 6–3 | 13–2 | 9–3 | 7–3 | 9–4 | 8–4 | 9–3 | 16–4 | 14–4 | 13–4 | 5–4 | 2–3 | 4–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 120–56 | 1 / 57 | |||||
Olympic Games | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summer Olympics | NH | A | Not Held | 2R | Not Held | A | Not Held | 1R | Not Held | 1–2 | 0 / 2 | |||||||||||||
Year-End Championship | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tennis Masters Cup | DNQ | RR | DNQ | RR | RR | RR | F | RR | RR | Did Not Qualify | 7–16 | 0 / 7 | ||||||||||||
ATP Masters Series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indian Wells Masters | A | 1R | QF | A | QF | W | SF | 3R | 3R | W | W | A | 1R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | 28–11 | 3 / 14 | |||||
Miami Masters | A | A | A | A | 3R | W | 1R | 3R | 2R | QF | 2R | A | 1R | 2R | 2R | 1R | 2R | 18–11 | 1 / 12 | |||||
Monte Carlo Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | A | A | 1R | 1R | A | A | 0–3 | 0 / 3 | |||||
Rome Masters | A | A | A | 1R | A | QF | SF | 2R | QF | A | 1R | QF | 2R | 2R | 2R | A | A | 17–10 | 0 / 10 | |||||
Hamburg Masters | A | A | A | 1R | A | 2R | 1R | A | A | A | A | 2R | 1R | 1R | 2R | A | A | 3–7 | 0 / 7 | |||||
Canada Masters | A | A | A | W | 1R | A | 3R | 3R | QF | A | SF | A | 3R | 2R | 1R | A | A | 15–8 | 1 / 9 | |||||
Cincinnati Masters | A | QF | QF | QF | 3R | SF | W | W | F | F | SF | 2R | QF | 1R | 2R | 3R | 1R | 41–14 | 2 / 16 | |||||
Stockholm Masters (Essen)(Stuttgart) | A | A | A | 3R | A | A | A | 2R | 2R | SF | 2R | 1R | 2R | QF | A | A | A | 9–8 | 0 / 8 | |||||
Paris Masters | A | A | QF | 1R | SF | 2R | 3R | SF | QF | 3R | 2R | 1R | SF | 3R | A | A | A | 18–12 | 0 / 12 | |||||
Runners-up | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | ||||||
Titles | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | ||||||
Overall win-loss | 4–4 | 23–13 | 47–17 | 36–21 | 47–20 | 57–23 | 66–21 | 66–21 | 65–19 | 65–19 | 57–21 | 35–17 | 30–22 | 42–26 | 16–21 | 7–16 | 2–10 | 662–312 | ||||||
Year end ranking | 163 | 30 | 5 | 15 | 15 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 29 | 50 | 32 | 94 | 124 | 383 |
Top 10 wins
Season | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | Total |
Wins | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 51 |
# | Player | Rank | Event | Surface | Rd | Score | Chang rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1989 | |||||||
1. | ![]() |
5 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | 3R | 6–3, 6–2 | 25 |
2. | ![]() |
1 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | 4R | 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3 | 19 |
3. | ![]() |
3 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | F | 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 | 19 |
1990 | |||||||
4. | ![]() |
4 | Toronto, Canada | Hard | QF | 4–6, 7–5, 7–5 | 24 |
5. | ![]() |
1 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 4–6, 7–5 | 15 |
1991 | |||||||
6. | ![]() |
7 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | 4R | 6–1, 6–1, 4–6, 6–3 | 10 |
7. | ![]() |
1 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | 3R | 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 | 21 |
8. | ![]() |
2 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 6–2 | 15 |
9. | ![]() |
5 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 9–7 | 15 |
1992 | |||||||
10. | ![]() |
2 | San Francisco, United States | Hard (i) | F | 6–3, 6–3 | 16 |
11. | ![]() |
4 | Miami, United States | Hard | QF | 6–4, 7–6(7–4) | 9 |
12. | ![]() |
1 | Miami, United States | Hard | SF | 6–2, 6–4 | 9 |
13. | ![]() |
9 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 6–2 | 6 |
14. | ![]() |
7 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–3, 6–4 | 6 |
15. | ![]() |
4 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 | 6 |
1993 | |||||||
16. | ![]() |
6 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | QF | 6–1, 6–3 | 5 |
17. | ![]() |
3 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | F | 7–5, 0–6, 6–4 | 9 |
18. | ![]() |
5 | Long Island, United States | Hard | QF | 3–6, 6–1, 6–2 | 7 |
19. | ![]() |
3 | Long Island, United States | Hard | SF | 6–1, 6–2 | 7 |
20. | ![]() |
2 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–4, 6–0 | 7 |
1994 | |||||||
21. | ![]() |
3 | Philadelphia, United States | Carpet (i) | SF | 7–6(8–6), 6–2 | 9 |
22. | ![]() |
9 | Atlanta, United States | Clay | F | 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0 | 7 |
23. | ![]() |
4 | Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom | Grass | 4R | 6–4, 7–6(9–7), 6–0 | 8 |
24. | ![]() |
4 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | F | 6–2, 7–5 | 7 |
25. | ![]() |
7 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–3, 7–6(8–6) | 9 |
26. | ![]() |
2 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | QF | 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–4) | 9 |
27. | ![]() |
7 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–1, 6–0 | 6 |
28. | ![]() |
8 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–1, 7–5 | 6 |
1995 | |||||||
29. | ![]() |
1 | Atlanta, United States | Clay | F | 6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4 | 6 |
30. | ![]() |
7 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | SF | 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–0) | 6 |
31. | ![]() |
8 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | SF | 4–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–5) | 5 |
32. | ![]() |
3 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 4–6, 6–2, 6–3 | 4 |
33. | ![]() |
7 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–2, 7–5 | 4 |
34. | ![]() |
1 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 6–4, 6–4 | 4 |
1996 | |||||||
35. | ![]() |
2 | Australian Open, Melbourne, Australia | Hard | SF | 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–1) | 5 |
36. | ![]() |
3 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | QF | 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–1 | 5 |
37. | ![]() |
8 | Los Angeles, United States | Hard | F | 6–4, 6–3 | 3 |
38. | ![]() |
6 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | QF | 6–3, 7–5 | 3 |
39. | ![]() |
9 | US Open, New York, United States | Hard | SF | 6–3, 6–2, 6–2 | 3 |
40. | ![]() |
10 | Stuttgart, Germany | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–4, 6–3 | 2 |
41. | ![]() |
4 | ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–5), 6–1 | 2 |
1997 | |||||||
42. | ![]() |
2 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | SF | 6–1, 7–6(7–1) | 3 |
43. | ![]() |
10 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | QF | 6–1, 6–2 | 2 |
44. | ![]() |
10 | US Open, New York, United States | Hard | QF | 7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3 | 2 |
45. | ![]() |
3 | Davis Cup, Washington, D.C., United States | Hard | RR | 6–4, 1–6, 6–3, 6–4 | 2 |
46. | ![]() |
8 | ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany | Hard | RR | 7–6(10–8), 6–2 | 2 |
1998 | |||||||
47. | ![]() |
1 | Rome, Italy | Clay | 3R | 6–2, 7–6(8–6) | 14 |
1999 | |||||||
48. | ![]() |
8 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | 2R | 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2 | 58 |
49. | ![]() |
8 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | 2R | 7–5, 6–2 | 72 |
2000 | |||||||
50. | ![]() |
9 | Stuttgart, Germany | Hard (i) | 2R | 1–6, 7–5, 6–0 | 24 |
2002 | |||||||
51. | ![]() |
3 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | 1R | 6–3, 6–2 | 111 |
References
- ^ Garber, Greg (May 19, 2009). "Chang refused to lose 20 years ago". ESPN. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
- ^ "Kei Nishikori's Coach, Michael Chang, Has Been There Before". The new York Times. September 7, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ Chang Leads Induction Class of 2008 Archived December 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Former French Open Champion Michael Chang to Coach Kei Nishikori", skysports.com
- ^ Hu, Janny (June 10, 2004). "Former tennis champ Chang crafted for service". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ "Michael Chang". Biola University. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
- ^ Curry Kirkpatrick (October 1, 1990). "Michael Chang's five-set win lifted the U.S. over Austria in Davis Cup play". Vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ Roger Federer's chance at history arrives Sunday – Los Angeles Times
- ^ Andy Roddick – The Agony And The Ecstasy Of A Great Career | The Sunday Leader
- ^ [1]
- ^ "EuroCup Of Legends – Michael Chang". Youtube. June 12, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ Clarey, Christopher (May 23, 2014). "Michael Chang Returns to French Open, With a Protégé". The New York Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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(help) - ^ "Michael Chang's 89 French Open Title More Than A Fond Memory". ESPN. May 19, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ Under-arm serve (fr)
- ^ [2]
- ^ a b "What Michael Chang's 1989 French Open Title Meant". ESPN. May 19, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "He'll always have Paris: Michael Chang reflects on crowning moment". Sports Illustrated. May 22, 1999. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Quitting was an option for Michael Chang". LA Times. May 25, 2003. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Chang Comes Back Against Lendl, Faces Wheaton in Munich Final," The Associated Press, Sunday, December 15, 1991.
- ^ "Tennis star Chang buys Dunton Realty". Denver Business Journal. June 8, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Dunton Realty changes name". Denver Business Journal. November 7, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "SullivanHayes changing hands". Denver Business Journal. October 4, 2004. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Developer picked for DIA retail project". Denver Business Journal. April 6, 2006. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ a b Bonk, Thomas (August 27, 1989). "BOY WONDER : Michael Chang Has Found God And a Seven-Figure Income. Now All He Needs is Another Big Tennis Win". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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(help) - ^ "RE-RELEASED REEBOK PUMPS UP EXCITEMENT". Foot Locker "date=. Archived from the original on September 12, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "REEBOK LOOKS TO TAKE STRONGER FOOTHOLD IN ASIA". June 3, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "SERVE AND VOLLEY: ATP TOP 20 CLOTHES, RACQUETS, AND SHOES". SportsBusiness Journal. June 19, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "IS LONGER BETTER? PRINCE UNVEILS NEW TECHNOLOGY AROUND CHANG". SportsBusiness Journal. June 20, 1995. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Conklin, Mike (December 21, 1989). "Christmas spirit: On the coldest day of the year, a..." Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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(help) - ^ Feinstein, John (1992). Hard Courts: Real Life on the Professional Tennis Tours.
- ^ "Longines Partner of the Kremlin Tennis Cup". WorldTempus. September 17, 2009. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Horovitz, Bruce (June 26, 1990). "Athletic Firms Going to the Net in Quest for Next Tennis Celebrity". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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(help) - ^ "U.S. OPEN NOTEBOOK". AP News Archive. September 2, 1991. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "NAMES IN THE GAME". AP News Archive. May 16, 1993. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "MARKETPLACE ROUND-UP". SportsBusiness Journal. August 12, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "TOUGH MEDICINE". Asiaweek.com. 1999. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ a b Tanzer, Andrew (March 10, 1997). "Tiger Woods played here". Forbes. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
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(help) - ^ "MARKETPLACE ROUND-UP". SportsBusiness Journal. May 29, 1997. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Tennis Star Michael Chang Testimony". JC Superstars. December 31, 2007. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Chang Family Foundation". M Chang. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Michael Chang Gets Married at Virginity". Gospelherald.net. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Chang inducted into Tennis Hall of Fame". Nbcsports.msnbc.com. July 12, 2008. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "The official family announcement". Chang Family Foundation. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Merry Christmas from the Chang Family Foundation!". Chang Family Foundation. December 30, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "CHSSC News and Notes April 2009". Chssc.org. Archived from the original on March 12, 2011. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
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Further reading
- Michael Chang: Tennis Champion (1993) by Pamela Dell ISBN 0-516-04185-1
- Holding Serve Persevering On And Off The Court (June 4, 2002) by Michael Chang, Mike Yorkey ISBN 0-7852-6656-9
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Michael Chang at the Association of Tennis Professionals
- Michael Chang at the International Tennis Federation
- Michael Chang at the Davis Cup
- Michael Chang at the International Tennis Hall of Fame
- bio – file interview with Michael Chang
- A Chinese interview (in Simplified Chinese)
- Text and Audio of Michael Chang's Tennis Hall of Fame Induction Speech
- 1972 births
- American male tennis players
- American people of Taiwanese descent
- American sportspeople of Taiwanese descent
- Taiwanese-American tennis players
- French Open champions
- International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees
- Living people
- Olympic tennis players of the United States
- Sportspeople from Hoboken, New Jersey
- People from Encinitas, California
- American people of Teochew descent
- Sportspeople from Orange County, California
- Tennis people from California
- Tennis people from New Jersey
- Tennis players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
- Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
- Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's singles
- Sportspeople from the New York metropolitan area
- Sportspeople of Chinese descent
- American investors
- American memoirists
- American writers of Chinese descent
- American real estate businesspeople
- Sportspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota