2022 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan

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On 2 August 2022, the People's Republic of China (PRC) started naval and air forces military exercises around Taiwan, in response to the visit of US Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan.[1][2] Nancy Pelosi originally intended to travel to Taiwan in April of 2022,[3] but was delayed due to COVID-19.[4] She rescheduled the trip to August as part of a wider Asian trip. Biden attempted to discourage her from visiting Taiwan,[5] while the Chinese government warned her as well.[6]

Escalation of tensions

Main article: Cross-Strait relations § Deteriorating relations (2016–present)
See also: China–United States relations § Rapid deterioration

Regional tensions in the South China Sea

See also: Timeline of the South China Sea dispute

Over territorial disputes in the South China Sea, China's actions have been described as part of its "salami slicing"/"cabbage wrapping" strategies.[7][8] Its land reclamation projects on atolls and reefs described as Great Wall of Sand.

After China passed a law which allows its coast guard to fire on foreign vessels, Taiwan signed an agreement with the US on 26 March 2021 to establish a "Coast Guard Working Group" to coordinate policy, the first agreement made with the Biden administration.[9]

Incursions into Taiwan ADIZ (2021–present)

On 26 March, Taiwan's Defense ministry noted that 20 aircraft, including China’s four nuclear-capable H-6K bombers and ten J-16 fighter jets, entered its air defense identification zone (ADIZ). Taiwan issued radio warnings and deployed air defense missile systems to monitor the activity.[9]

On 12 April there was the 10th intrusion and the largest incursion till then. The People's Liberation Army Air Force's (PLAAF) flew 22 warplanes, including 14 Shenyang J-16 fighter jets, four Chengdu J-10 fighters, and four Xian H-6 bombers into the ADIZ, according to Taiwan's Ministry of National Defense (MND). In addition, three slower turboprops — two Shaanxi Y-8 anti-submarine warfare planes and one Shaanxi KJ-500 airborne early warning and control aircraft — were also tracked in the zone.[10][11][12]

Course of actions

Cyberattacks before and during Pelosi visit

Further information: Cyberwarfare by China

Start of military exercises (August 2022)

ROC president Tsai Ing-wen hosting US Speaker Nancy Pelosi and her entourage.
Tsai Ing-wen delivers remarks on the live-fire military exercises China conducting in areas around Taiwan.

In response to Pelosi's visit, the People's Republic of China announced four days of unprecedented military live-fire drills,[13] in six zones that encircle the island on the busiest international waterways and aviation routes.[14] In response to the announcement, ROC officials complained that the PLA's live-fire drills were an invasion of Taiwan's territorial space and a direct challenge to free air and sea navigation.[15]

During the live-fire drills, it was confirmed that China had fired 11 missiles, at least several of which were Dongfeng ballistic missiles, double the number that was fired in July 1995 During the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis.[16]

While the PLA live-fire exercises were ongoing on 4 August, The US carrier strike group of the USS Ronald Reagan was conducting military operations in the Philippine Sea, including waters Southeast of Taiwan island.[17] However, the US also cancelled the planned test launch of its Minuteman III missile which was scheduled to happen during the same week the crisis started, in order to avoid escalating tensions with China further.[18]

International response

Regional governments

Japan: During the PLA's live-fire drills, Japanese Defense Minister Nobuo Kishi lodged a protest with Beijing, saying that some missiles fired by China landed in its EEZ, specifying that it was "the first time that a ballistic missile belonging to the Chinese military had landed within (Japan's) waters" and that the incident was "a grave issue that concerns our country’s national security and the safety of the people".[19][20][21] In addition, Japan’s Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi called for an "immediate stop" to China’s military exercises, stating that China's actions have a "serious impact on the peace and stability of the region and the international community".[21]

North Korea: On 2 August 2022, North Korea described the visit as "imprudent interference" in China's internal affairs, and the North Korea Foreign Ministry Spokesperson stated that North Korea "vehemently denounce" any external interference and would "fully support" China.[22]

Philippines: On 4 August 2022, The Department of Foreign Affairs of The Philippines stated that the Philippines was "concerned with the rising tensions in the Taiwan Strait". In addition, the department stressed that The Philippines "adheres to the One-China policy" and that the Philippines "urges restraint by all parties concerned", encouraging "diplomacy and dialogue to prevail".[23]

Russia: During the lead-up to the crisis, on 2 August 2022, Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova criticized the United States government for "bringing destabilization to the world".[24] The same day, Russian Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov described Nancy Pelosi's potential visit to Taiwan as a "pure provocation, expressing full solidarity with China".[24] On 4 August, Peskov supported China's position and remarked that Pelosi's visit "was an absolutely unnecessary visit and an unnecessary provocation".[25]

Vietnam: On 2 August 2022, Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokeswoman Le Thi Thu Hang said that "Vietnam wishes for all relevant parties to restrain themselves, not escalate tension in the Taiwan Strait, positively contribute to the maintenance of peace and stability, and strengthen cooperation and development in the region and the world". She also stressed that Vietnam resolutely follows the "One-China policy".[26]

References

  1. ^ Zhen, Liu (3 August 2022). "China vows military operations around Taiwan in response to Pelosi visit". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  2. ^ Tian, Yew Lun (2 August 2022). "China to launch 'targeted military operations' due to Pelosi visit". Reuters. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  3. ^ Pollard, Martin Quin (7 April 2022). "China warns U.S. against House Speaker Pelosi visiting Taiwan". Reuters. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  4. ^ Chiacu, Doina (8 April 2022). "U.S. House Speaker Pelosi is latest U.S. official to test positive for COVID". Reuters. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  5. ^ Kim, Seung Min (20 July 2022). "Biden: Military say a Pelosi Taiwan trip 'not a good idea'". AP NEWS. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  6. ^ Davidson, Helen (27 July 2022). "'A dangerous moment': China warns of consequences if Pelosi visits Taiwan". the Guardian. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  7. ^ Chatterji, SK (22 October 2020). "Wider connotations of Chinese 'salami slicing'". Asia Times. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  8. ^ "China's Expanding Cabbage Strategy". The Diplomat. 29 October 2014.
  9. ^ a b "Twenty Chinese military fighter jets entered Taiwan's ADIZ". Airforce Technology. 29 March 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  10. ^ "10 Chinese warplanes enter Taiwan's ADIZ - Focus Taiwan". Focus Taiwan (in Chinese). 4 May 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  11. ^ Chang, Eric (13 April 2021). "25 Chinese military aircraft intrude into Taiwan's ADIZ". Taiwan News. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  12. ^ Brad Lendon (13 April 2021). "China sends 25 warplanes into Taiwan's air defense zone, Taipei says". CNN. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  13. ^ Zheng, Sarah (2 August 2022). "China Plans Four Days of Military Drills in Areas Encircling Taiwan". Bloomberg. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  14. ^ Davidson, Helen; Ni, Vincent (3 August 2022). "China to begin series of unprecedented live-fire drills off Taiwan coast". the Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  15. ^ Lee, Yimou (4 August 2022). "China begins 'illegitimate, irresponsible' live-fire military drills - Taiwan". Reuters. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  16. ^ Sabur, Rozina; Mistreanu, Simina; Oung, Angelica (4 August 2022). "China fires missiles 'over mainland Taiwan' in serious escalation of military threats". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  17. ^ "U.S. Navy say carrier USS Ronald Reagan conducting operations in Philippine Sea". Reuters. 4 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  18. ^ "U.S. delays Minuteman III missile test over Taiwan tensions". Reuters. 4 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  19. ^ "Japan says Chinese missiles fell within its economic zone". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  20. ^ Feng, John; Giella, Lauren; Roos, Meghan; Backus, Alex (4 August 2022). "China Military Drills Updates: FBI calls China the greatest future threat to U.S." Newsweek. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  21. ^ a b "US watching Chinese operations 'very closely' – as it happened". the Guardian. 5 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  22. ^ "N. Korea Condemns Pelosi's Visit to Taiwan - Sada El balad". 3 August 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  23. ^ "Statement on Developments in Cross-Strait Relations". dfa.gov.ph. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  24. ^ a b AFP (2 August 2022). "Russia Condemns Potential Pelosi Visit to Taiwan as 'Provocation'". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  25. ^ "Kremlin Says China Has the Right to Hold Military Drills Around Taiwan". U.S. News. 4 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  26. ^ VNexpress, Vu Anh, Phan Anh. "Vietnam calls for restraint amid US leader's Taiwan visit". VNexpress. Retrieved 5 August 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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