1130s in England
 1130s in England |
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Events from the 1130s in England.
Incumbents
Monarch – Henry I (to 1 December 1135), Stephen
Events
- 1130
- New choir of Canterbury Cathedral completed.[1]
- 1131
- 8 September – the barons swear allegiance to Matilda as the true heir of Henry I of England.[2]
- Cistercians found Rievaulx Abbey in Yorkshire.[1]
- Gilbertine Order of nuns founded by Gilbert of Sempringham in Lincolnshire, the only completely English religious order.[3]
- 1132
- Benedictines found Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire.[4]
- 1133
- August – King Henry I leaves England for the last time for Normandy.
- A royal charter establishes the first annual Bartholomew Fair at Smithfield, London; later to become England's largest cloth fair.[1]
- First Bishop of Carlisle (Æthelwold) consecrated.[1]
- Rebuilt Exeter Cathedral consecrated.
- 1134
- Byland Abbey founded by the Congregation of Savigny.[5]
- 1135
- 1 December – King Henry I dies (at Lyons-la-Forêt in Normandy) having nominated Matilda as his heir.[2]
- 22 December – Stephen of Blois, nephew of Henry I, claims the throne.[2]
- 26 December – coronation of Stephen of England at Westminster Abbey.[2]
- A fire in London seriously damages St Paul's Cathedral and London Bridge.[6]
- Bruton Abbey and Buildwas Abbey founded.
- 1136
- 1 January – revolt in Wales; Welsh capture Swansea and Cardigan from the Normans.[1]
- 4 January – Henry I is buried in his foundation, Reading Abbey (tomb dedicated 1 December).
- 5 February – by the Treaty of Durham, Stephen concedes Cumberland to David I of Scotland.[1]
- Hospital of St Cross, an almshouse in Winchester, is established by Bishop Henry of Blois; it will still be functioning in the 21st century.
- Geoffrey of Monmouth writes Historia Regum Britanniae.[1]
- 1137
- March – Stephen fails in his attempt to re-capture Normandy from Matilda.[1]
- June – York Minster and city are severely damaged by a fire, but the Minster is soon rebuilt.
- Rochester Cathedral is severely damaged by a fire, but is soon rebuilt.
- 1138
- January–February – King David I of Scotland raids Northumberland, taking the Bishop of Durham's Norham Castle (garrisoned only by nine), and besieges the castle at Wark on Tweed.[7]
- May – The Anarchy: Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, leads a rebellion against King Stephen in favour of his half-sister Matilda.[2]
- 10 June – Battle of Clitheroe: Having harried Craven in Yorkshire, David I of Scotland's nephew William fitz Duncan meets and defeats an English force on the edge of the Bowland Fells.[7]
- 22 August – Battle of the Standard: English army defeats that of David I of Scotland at Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire.[1]
- Alcester Abbey and Bourne Abbey established.
- 1139
- 8 January – Theobald of Bec enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 9 April – the second Treaty of Durham between King Stephen of England and David I of Scotland; David's son Earl Henry takes control of most of Northumberland, excluding Bamburgh and Newcastle upon Tyne.[1]
- June – Stephen orders the arrest of Roger of Salisbury, Justiciar and Bishop of Salisbury, and Alexander of Lincoln, Bishop of Lincoln.[2]
- 30 September – The Anarchy: Empress Matilda lands near Arundel to begin her campaign to regain the throne from Stephen.[2]
- 7 November – The Anarchy: Gloucester's army sacks Worcester.[1]
Births
- 1130
- 1133
- 5 March – King Henry II of England (died 1189)
- 1136
- William of Newburgh, historian (died c. 1198)
Deaths
- year unknown, after 1130
- 1130
- Maud, Countess of Huntingdon (born 1074)
- 1134
- 28 March – Stephen Harding, Abbot of Cîteaux and saint (born c. 1050)
- Biddenden Maids, supposed earliest known conjoined twins (born 1100)
- 1135
- 1 December – King Henry I of England (born c. 1068)
- 1136
- 15 April – Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford (born 1094)
- 21 November – William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1070 in the Île-de-France)
- 1137
- 10 July – Pain fitzJohn, nobleman and royal administrator (killed in ambush)
- c. 26 September – William Warelwast, Bishop of Exeter and diplomat
- 1138
- 1139
- 11 December – Roger of Salisbury, bishop and Lord Chancellor
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 61–63. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 120–122. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Golding, Brian (1995). Gilbert of Sempringham and the Gilbertine Order. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820060-9.
- ^ "Fountains Abbey website". Archived from the original on 1999-09-03. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Byland Abbey, Cistercians in Yorkshire Project". Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. p. 287. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
- ^ a b Richard of Hexham (1853–58). Stevenson, Joseph (ed.). De Gestis Regis Stephani. Church Historians of England, vol. 4, pt 1. Archived from the original on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-29.
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