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Karluk languages

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Karluk
Qarluq, Southeastern Turkic, Turkestan Turkic
Geographic
distribution
Central Asia
Linguistic classificationTurkic
Early forms
Subdivisions
  • Western Karluk (Uzbek)
  • Eastern Karluk
Language codes
Glottologuygh1241
  Uzbek     Uyghur     Ili

The Karluk or Qarluq languages are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family that developed from the varieties once spoken by Karluks.[1]

Many Middle Turkic works were written in these languages. The language of the Kara-Khanid Khanate was known as Turki, Ferghani, Kashgari or Khaqani. The language of the Chagatai Khanate was the Chagatai language.

Karluk Turkic was once spoken in the Kara-Khanid Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Timurid Empire, Mughal Empire, Yarkent Khanate and the Uzbek-speaking Khanate of Bukhara, Emirate of Bukhara, Kokand Khanate, Khiva Khanate.

Classification

Languages

Proto-Turkic Common Turkic Karluk Western
Eastern

Glottolog v4.8 refers to the Karluk languages as "Turkestan Turkic" and classifies them as follows:

Turkestan Turkic

Old Turkic

Uyghur–Uzbek

Chagatai

Modern Uyghur–Uzbek

References

  1. ^ Austin, Peter (2008). One Thousand Languages: Living, Endangered, and Lost. University of California Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-520-25560-9.
  2. ^ Uzbek at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Northern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Southern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  3. ^ "Uyghur". Ethnologue. Retrieved 7 December 2022.