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April 1923

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The following events occurred in April 1923:

April 1, 1923 (Sunday)

  • Four directors of the Krupp works were arrested by French authorities and charged with inciting their workers in the altercation of the previous day.[1]
  • The romantic comedy film Safety Last!, starring Harold Lloyd and Mildred Davis, was released. This film features one of the most famous scenes of the silent movie era: Lloyd clutching the hands of a large clock while dangling from the outside of a skyscraper.[2]
  • Paterson F.C. and St. Louis Scullin Steel tied 2–2 in the National Challenge Cup Final. Paterson was declared the winner of the soccer tournament when Scullin declined to play a rematch.

April 2, 1923 (Monday)

April 3, 1923 (Tuesday)

April 4, 1923 (Wednesday)

April 5, 1923 (Thursday)

  • Upon the death of Lord Carnarvon, speculation abounded of a "curse" placed on those who disturbed the tomb of a Pharaoh.[7]
  • Sir Arthur Conan Doyle suggested that an evil spirit, or "elemental", might have induced the death of Lord Carnarvon. "The Egyptians had powers we know nothing of", he explained. "They easily may have used these powers, occult and otherwise, to defend their graves. They always opposed digging up the mummies."[8]
  • The trial of William Z. Foster ended in a hung jury, deadlocked 6-6 after 31 hours of deliberation. "The verdict is for the best", Foster told the media. "It is a victory for the jury, I think, in that they had the courage to stand that way. There must have been a mountain of prejudice against these ideas."[9]
  • The second Arlington Hotel in Hot Springs, Arkansas was destroyed by fire. 1 fireman was killed when the walls collapsed.[10]
  • Born: Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam, in Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm (d. 2001)
  • Died: George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, 56, English aristocrat (probable blood poisoning)

April 6, 1923 (Friday)

  • Sir Arthur Conan Doyle gave a lecture at Carnegie Hall in New York City in which he displayed a series of "spirit photographs", including a pair taken at the Cenotaph in London at the time of the two-minute silence to England's war dead. One picture showed a faint luminous patch which Doyle described as "ectoplasm", and another showed what appeared to be ghostly faces floating above the crowd.[11][12]
  • The second Herrin Massacre jury acquitted six defendants after seven hours of deliberation.[13]
  • Former Supreme Court Justice John Hessin Clarke said that only American entry into the League of Nations could keep Britain and France from going to war against each other in the future. "France and Britain have been enemies oftener than friends during the last 200 years", he explained. "It is plain truth to say that there has not been a time in modern history when two nations controlling the destiny of the world stood so much in need of an impartial counselor, guide, and friend to compose inevitable differences as they arise as Britain and France stand in need of each a one today."[14]
  • Louis Armstrong made his recording debut, with King Oliver's Creole Band on "Chimes Blues".[15]
  • Born: Ramón Valdés, actor, in Mexico City (d. 1988)

April 7, 1923 (Saturday)

  • Nine Irish Republicans were reported killed when government troops surrounded a house where they were meeting in Glencar, County Kerry.[16]
  • Land mines blew up a bridge in Dublin; two bridges over the River Fane were also blown up.[16]
  • The Soviet Union issued a statement distancing itself from the William Z. Foster affair, saying it took "no responsibility" for the actions of American communists because "the Russian government does not direct the affairs, plans or theories of the international communist contingent."[17]

April 8, 1923 (Sunday)

April 9, 1923 (Monday)

April 10, 1923 (Tuesday)

  • The Conservative government of Bonar Law was defeated on a snap vote with many members absent following a dull debate on civil service estimates. Labour members gleefully called on the government to resign, but few took the vote seriously.[21]
  • The first ban on marathon dancing was issued in Sunderland, England when the mayor invoked an existing local regulation. The magistrate called the fad "an idiotic idea, verging on lunacy."[22][23]
  • Died: Liam Lynch, 29, officer in the Irish Republican Army (fatally wounded in battle)

April 11, 1923 (Wednesday)

April 12, 1923 (Thursday)

April 13, 1923 (Friday)

April 14, 1923 (Saturday)

April 15, 1923 (Sunday)

April 16, 1923 (Monday)

  • 11 housing officials in Moscow were condemned to death for taking bribes.[33]
  • The Stanley Baldwin government presented its budget for the year. Revenues were higher than forecast so taxes on income and beer sales were cut.[34][35]

April 17, 1923 (Tuesday)

April 18, 1923 (Wednesday)

April 19, 1923 (Thursday)

April 20, 1923 (Friday)

April 21, 1923 (Saturday)

April 22, 1923 (Sunday)

April 23, 1923 (Monday)

April 24, 1923 (Tuesday)

April 25, 1923 (Wednesday)

April 26, 1923 (Thursday)

April 27, 1923 (Friday)

April 28, 1923 (Saturday)

April 29, 1923 (Sunday)

April 30, 1923 (Monday)

References

  1. ^ Williams, Paul (April 2, 1923). "French Arrest 4 Krupp Chiefs for Ruhr Riot". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  2. ^ "How Harold Lloyd filmed the Safety Last! finale (at three places)". Silent Locations. June 20, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  3. ^ Clayton, John (April 3, 1923). "Strike of 50,000 in Krupp Plant is Threatened". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  4. ^ Seldes, George (April 4, 1923). "Rome Prelate Shot". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  5. ^ "Hittler Ready for War on Reds in All Germany". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 5, 1923. p. 7.
  6. ^ "See 'Curse of Pharaoh' on Carnarvon". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 5, 1923. p. 1.
  7. ^ "Tut May Have Sent Spirit to Kill His Finder, Doyle Says". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 6, 1923. p. 3.
  8. ^ Kinsley, Philip (April 6, 1923). "Trial of Foster Fails; Jury, 6-6, is Discharged". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 12.
  9. ^ "Fire Destroys the Arlington at Hot Springs". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 6, 1923. p. 3.
  10. ^ "Doyle's 'Spirit' Photos of War Heroes Thrill". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 7, 1923. p. 1.
  11. ^ "Ada Emma Deane's Armistice Day Series". Museum of Hoaxes. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  12. ^ "Six Defendants Held Innocent of Massacre". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 7, 1923. p. 1.
  13. ^ "French-British War Seen Unless U.S. is in League". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 7, 1923. p. 5.
  14. ^ Smitha, Frank E. (2013). "1923". Macrohistory and World Timeline. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  15. ^ a b "9 Irish Rebels Slain in Battle; Dublin Bombed". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 8, 1923. p. 18.
  16. ^ Seldes, George (April 8, 1923). "Russia Denies Giving Help to Michigan Reds". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  17. ^ "Doyle Says He Had Recent Talk with W.T. Stead". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 9, 1923. p. 1.
  18. ^ "Bronze, Hale, and Rested, President Is Back at Desk". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 9, 1923. p. 3.
  19. ^ "Race or Creed no Bar, Harvard Overseers Rule". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 10, 1923. p. 2.
  20. ^ Steele, John (April 11, 1923). "Bonar Law Will Retain Office Despite Defeat". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  21. ^ a b Martin, Carol J. (1994). Dance Marathons: Performing American Culture of the 1920s, and 1930s. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-768-4.
  22. ^ Calabria, Frank M. (1993). Dance of the Sleepwalkers: The Dance Marathon Fad. Bowling Green State University Popular Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-570-9.
  23. ^ Slide, Anthony (1998). The New Historical Dictionary of the American Film Industry. Oxon and New York: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-135-92554-3.
  24. ^ Felton, R. Todd (2010). A Journey Into Ireland's Literary Revival. ReadHowYouWant. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-4587-8545-9.
  25. ^ Seldes, George (April 14, 1923). "Flood Menaces Moscow; Curse, Peasants Cry". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 11.
  26. ^ Broué, Pierre (2004). The German Revolution, 1917–1923. Brill Academic. p. 691. ISBN 978-90-04-13940-4.
  27. ^ Webber, Kate (April 15, 1923). "Women Voters Refuse O.K. for World League". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  28. ^ Gomery, Douglas. "The Coming of Sound: Technological Change in the American Film Industry." The Classical Hollywood Reader Ed. Stephen Neale. Oxon: Routledge, 2012. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-415-57672-7.
  29. ^ Gomery, Douglas (2004). The Coming of Sound. Routledge. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-415-96900-0.
  30. ^ Schwarz, Ted (2003). Joseph P. Kennedy: The Mogul, the Mob, the Statesman, and the Making of an American Myth. John Wiley & Sons. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-471-17681-7.
  31. ^ "April 15, 1923: Insulin goes mainstream". Daily Dose. April 15, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  32. ^ "11 Grafting City Officials Facing Death in Russia". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 17, 1923. p. 3.
  33. ^ a b c Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 305. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  34. ^ Jeremy, Wormell (2000). The Management of the National Debt of the United Kingdom 1900–1932. Routledge. p. 442. ISBN 978-1-134-60407-4.
  35. ^ Ryan, Thomas (April 18, 1923). "Irish Capture Ex-Chicagoan Who Led Rebels". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 9.
  36. ^ Frommer, Harvey. "Remembering the First Game at Yankee Stadium April 18, 1923". Travel-Watch.com. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  37. ^ "Baseball Fans Break Records". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 19, 1923. p. 1.
  38. ^ Williams, Paul (April 20, 1923). "Five Die, Many Hurt as Riots Flame in Ruhr". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  39. ^ "Boston Marathon Yearly Synopses (1897–2013)". Boston Marathon Media Guide. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  40. ^ Falasca-Zamponi, Simonetta (1997). Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 91–92. ISBN 0-520-22677-1.
  41. ^ Fendrick, Raymond (April 23, 1923). "Mussolini Cuts Millions Out of Italy's Budget". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  42. ^ Pomrenke, Jacob. "Judge Landis and the Forgotten Chicago Baseball Bombings". The National Pastime Museum. Archived from the original on May 1, 2015. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  43. ^ "French Prevent League Inquiry on Rule of Saar". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 24, 1923. p. 16.
  44. ^ Schwartz, Daniel (May 3, 2014). "Marijuana was criminalized in 1923, but why?". CBC News. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  45. ^ De Santo, V. (April 26, 1923). "Mussolini Puts 500,000 Alert for Big Fight". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  46. ^ Wanamaker, Marc (2005). Early Beverly Hills. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-7385-3068-0.
  47. ^ Wales, Henry (April 26, 1923). "Turks Demans Allies Invite Reds to Parley". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  48. ^ Wilcox, Grafton (April 26, 1923). ""Fighting Bob" Hotly Assails World Couty". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  49. ^ De Santo, V. (April 27, 1923). "Women Purpose to Picket Home of Mussolini". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 15.
  50. ^ "De Valera Seeks Peace in Ireland". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 28, 1923. p. 1.
  51. ^ "The History of Wembley Stadium". WembleyStadium.com. Wembley National Stadium Ltd. April 25, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  52. ^ "Match Report – 28 April 1923". Hull F.C. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  53. ^ "U.S. Senator Dies on Train". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 29, 1923. p. 1.
  54. ^ Grover, Barbara (2013). Alexandria. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-7385-9852-9.
  55. ^ Wilcox, Grafton (May 1, 1923). "Court Permits Liquor on U.S. Ships at Sea". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.