Timeline of Clermont-Ferrand
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Early history
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- 1st century BC - Augustonemetum founded at near Nemossos, the ancient capital of the Arverni
- 2nd century - Augustonemetum has grown into a city, with a population estimated at between 15,000 and 30,000
- 3rd century - the city is depopulated, and survives only as a fort at the site of the forum.
- 4th century - the settlement is now known as Arvernis, with a population estimated at 700 people; the Roman Catholic diocese of Clermont is established.[1] Five gates are built into the fortifications, while the rest of the Roman city lies in ruins.
- 5th century - Abbey of Saint Allyre construction begins.
- 471/475 - Arvernis besieged by the Visigoths; part of the Visigothic kingdom until the Frankish conquest in 507.
- 535 - Council of Clermont (535).[2]
- 549 - Second council of Clermont.[2]
- 587 - Third council of Clermont.[2][3]
Medieval to early modern
- 761 - Pepin the Short pillages urbs Arverna and takes its fort, Claremontem Castrum in the Siege of Clermont (761).
- 848 - first mention of the name Clermont (Clarus Mons) as the name of the city; Arvernis remains in use as alongside Clermont at least until the end of the 9th century.
- 862 - city destroyed by Vikings and rebuilt under bishop Sigon
- 898/910 - city again pillaged by Vikings
- 946 - traditional date for the consecration of the Romanesque cathedral built under bishop Stephen II.
- 1095 - Council of Clermont: pope gives speech that starts the First Crusade.[2]
- 12th century - Basilica of Notre-Dame du Port rebuilt (approximate date).[2]
- 1130 - Religious council held in Clermont.[2]
- 13th century - Construction of gothic-style Clermont Cathedral begins.[2]
- 1273 - Chapelle des Cordeliers (Clermont-Ferrand) construction begins.
- 15th century - Château de Rabanesse construction begins.[4]
- 1515 - Fontaine d'Amboise (fountain) erected.[2]
- 1623 - 19 June: Birth of Blaise Pascal.
- 1665 - Grands jours d'Auvergne begin.[2]
- 1675 - Collège des Jésuites de Clermont-Ferrand building construction begins.[4]
- 1731 - Towns of Clermont and Montferrand merge to become "Clermont Montferrand."[2]
- 1747 - Clermont-Ferrand Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts founded.[5]
- 1790 - Clermont-Ferrand becomes part of the Puy-de-Dôme souveraineté.[6]
19th century
- 1801
- Cantons of Clermont-Est, Clermont-Nord, Clermont-Sud, and Clermont-Sud-Ouest created.[6]
- Fontaine de la Pyramide erected.
- 1806 - Population: 30,982.[6]
- 1826 - Chamber of Commerce established.[7]
- 1855 - Moniteur du Puy-de-Dôme newspaper begins publication.[8]
- 1858 - Fontaine des Quatre-Saisons (Clermont-Ferrand) installed in the Place de la Rodade.
- 1862 - Clermont-Ferrand Synagogue[4] and Church of Saint Eutropius built.
- 1886 - Population: 46,718.[9]
- 1889 - Michelin et Cie in business.[10]
- 1894 - Société d'histoire naturelle d'Auvergne established.[11]
- 1895 - Fontaine d'Urbain II installed in the Place de la Victoire (Clermont-Ferrand).
- 1896 - Avenir du Puy-de-Dôme newspaper begins publication.[8]
20th century
- 1906 - Galeries de Jaude (shop) built.
- 1911 - Population: 65,386.[12]
- 1919 - La Montagne newspaper begins publication.
- 1921 - Population: 82,577.[6]
- 1926 - Population: 111,711.[6]
- 1940
- 1944 - Le Semeur Hebdo begins publication.
- 1961
- Gare routière (Clermont-Ferrand) built.
- Association Montferrand Renaissance founded.[14]
- 1974 - Jardin botanique de la Charme (garden) created.
- 1975 - Population: 156,763.[6]
- 1977 - Islamic community of Clermont-Ferrand established in the former Refuge du Bon Pasteur chapel.[15][16]
- 1979 - Maison des Congrès et de la Culture (Clermont-Ferrand) in use.[citation needed]
- 1982
- Cantons Centre, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud-Est, and Montferrand created.[6]
- Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival begins.
- 1995 - Radio Campus Clermont-Ferrand begins broadcasting.
- 1999
21st century
- 2003 - Le Magazine Zap begins publication.(fr)
- 2006 - Clermont-Ferrand tramway begins operating.
- 2010 - Grande mosquée de Clermont-Auvergne built.[16]
- 2011 - Population: 140,957.[17]
- 2012 - Population: 141,569.
- 2014 - Olivier Bianchi becomes mayor.
- 2015
- Cantons of Clermont-Ferrand-1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 created per Cantons of France redistricting, 2014.
- March: Puy-de-Dôme departmental election, 2015 held.
- December: Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regional election, 2015 held.[17]
- 2016 - Clermont-Ferrand becomes part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.
See also
- Clermont-Ferrand history
- History of Clermont-Ferrand
- Augustonemetum (Roman-era settlement)
- List of mayors of Clermont-Ferrand
- List of heritage sites in Clermont-Ferrand
- other cities in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region
References
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Britannica 1910.
- ^ Charles Daniel (1903). "Conciles particuliers". Manuel des sciences sacrées (in French). Paris: Delhomme & Briguet.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) (chronological list) - ^ a b c "Patrimoine architectural (Clermont-Ferrand)". Base Mérimée (in French). Minister of Culture (France). Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Notice communale: Clermont-Ferrand". Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui (in French). France: School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ History of the Michelin Group (timeline), Michelin, retrieved 30 December 2015
- ^ "Sociétés savantes de France (Clermont-Ferrand)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Sweets 1986.
- ^ "Association Montferrand renaissance". Data.bnf.fr. Bibliothèque nationale de France. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ "À Clermont-Ferrand, la chapelle devenue mosquée", Le Figaro (in French), Paris, 11 October 2012
- ^ a b "Religion: quand les sœurs prêtaient leur chapelle aux musulmans", Le Parisien (in French), 16 June 2015
- ^ a b "Données du Monde: Clermont-Ferrand", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 30 December 2015
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Clermont", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Clermont". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - S. Kahn (1903), "Clermont-Ferrand", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 4, New York
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Clermont-Ferrand", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Georges Goyau (1910). "Clermont". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Clermont-Ferrand", Southern France (6th ed.), Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Daniel C. Haskell, ed. (1922), "Provencal literature and language, including the local history of southern France", Bulletin of the New York Public Library, vol. 26,
Local history: Clermont-Ferrand
- John F. Sweets (1986). Choices in Vichy France: The French Under Nazi Occupation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503751-7. (case study of Clermont-Ferrand)
in French
- Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Champagnac [in French] (1839). "Clermont-Ferrand". Manuel des dates, en forme de dictionnaire. Perisse frères.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Benoît Gonod [in French] (1839). "Histoire moderne (Villes et provinces de France): Clermont". Catalogue des livres imprimés et manuscrits de la bibliothèque de la ville de Clermont-Ferrand. Clermont-Ferrand: Perol.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Jean-Baptiste Bouillet [in French]. Tablettes historiques de l'Auvergne (in French). Clermont-Ferrand. 1840-1847. 8 vols.
- Ambroise Tardieu (historian) [in French] (1872). Histoire de la ville de Clermont-Ferrand (in French).
- Clermont-Ferrand et le Puy-de-Dôme (in French). Association française pour l'avancement des sciences. 1908.
- "Clermont-Ferrand". Auvergne et centre. Guides Joanne (in French). 1908.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clermont-Ferrand.
- Items related to Clermont-Ferrand, various dates (via Europeana).
- Items related to Clermont-Ferrand, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).