Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission

Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
蒙藏委員會; Měng-Zàng Wěiyuánhuì
Agency overview
Formed	April 1912 (as Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Agency); 1 February 1929 (as MTAC)
Dissolved	15 September 2017
Superseding agency	Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center and Mainland Affairs Council;
Jurisdiction	Republic of China
Headquarters	Zhongzheng, Taipei
Parent agency	Executive Yuan
Website	www.mtac.gov.tw

The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (MTAC; Chinese: 蒙藏委員會; pinyin: Měng-Zàng Wěiyuánhuì) was a ministry-level commission of the Executive Yuan in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was disbanded on September 15, 2017.^[1]^[2]

History

It was originally created during the Qing Dynasty in 1636 as Mongolian Bureau^{[citation needed]} as a subsection of the Lifan Yuan, and oversaw the relationship of the Qing court to its Mongolian and Tibetan dependencies. During Kangxi Emperor rule, the bureau was renamed to Minority Affairs Council^{[citation needed]} and renamed again to Ministry of Minority Affairs under Guangxu Emperor rule.^{[citation needed]}

Following the 1911 revolution and collapse of the Qing dynasty, the section was replaced by Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Agency under the Ministry of the Interior in April 1912. In July 1912, the agency was again renamed as Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs and placed under the State Affairs Yuan. In 1914, it was reorganized and being placed directly under the supervision of President. On 1 February 1929, it was finally changed to Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (MTAC) with accordance to the Nationalist Government Organizational Law.^[3] After the Communist revolution in China, and the Republic of China's relocation to Taiwan, the MTAC ceased its activities in Tibet and Mongolia, although it served as a governmental body which assisted in the relationship between ethnic Mongols and Tibetans in Taiwan and increasing the communication between the Taiwanese and the Mongols as well as the Tibetans.^[4]

After the 1959 Tibetan uprising, Chiang Kai-shek announced in his Letter to Tibetan Compatriots (Chinese: 告西藏同胞書; pinyin: Gào Xīzàng Tóngbāo Shū) that the ROC's policy would be to help the Tibetan people overthrow the People's Republic of China's rule in Tibet. The MTAC sent secret agents to India to disseminate pro-Kuomintang (KMT) and anti-Communist propaganda among Tibetan exiles. From 1971 to 1978, the MTAC also recruited ethnic Tibetan children from India and Nepal to study in Taiwan, with the expectation that they would work for a ROC government that returned to the mainland. In 1994, the veterans' association for the Tibetan guerrilla group Chushi Gangdruk met^{[citation needed]} with the MTAC and agreed to the KMT's One China Principle. In response, the Dalai Lama's Central Tibetan Administration forbade all exiled Tibetans from contact with the MTAC.^[5]

On August 14, 2017, the Executive Yuan announced that the MTAC would be dissolved by the end of the year. No budget was allocated to the MTAC for 2018. Employees and responsibilities of the commission were re-assigned to two places; the Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center under the Ministry of Culture, and the expanded Department of Hong Kong, Macao, Inner Mongolia, and Tibet Affairs under the Mainland Affairs Council.^[6]^[7]

Organizational structure

Commissioners
Secretary's Office
Counselor's Office
Department of Mongolian Affairs
Department of Tibetan Affairs
Department of General Affairs
Compilation and Translation
Accounting Office
Personnel Office
Civil Service Ethics Office

Ministers

Hsu Jan-yau, the last Minister of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission.

Political Party: Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Non-partisan/ unknown

№	Name	Term of Office		Days	Political Party	Ancestry (Ethnicity)	Premier
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 1	Yan Xishan (閻錫山)	1928.12.27	1930.04.05	464	Kuomintang	Wutai, Shanxi	Tan Yankai
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 2	Ma Fuxiang (馬福祥)	1930.09.08	1931.12.30	478	Kuomintang	Linxia, Gansu (Hui)	Tan Yankai Chiang Kai-shek I
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 3	Shi Qingyang (石青陽)	1931.12.30	1935.03.15	1171	Kuomintang	Ba County, Sichuan	Sun Fo I Wang Jingwei
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 4	Huang Mu-sung (黃慕松)	1935.03.15	1936.07.29	502	Kuomintang	Meichuan, Guangdong	Wang Jingwei Chiang Kai-shek II
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 5	Lin Yungai (林雲陔)	1936.07.29	1936.08.08	10	Kuomintang	Xinyi, Guangdong	Chiang Kai-shek II
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 6	Wu Zhongxin (吳忠信)	1936.08.08	1944.12.06	3042	Kuomintang	Hefei, Anhui	Chiang Kai-shek II H. H. Kung Chiang Kai-shek III
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 7	Leung Kam Lo (羅良鑒)	1944.12.06	1947.04.23	868	Kuomintang	Shanhua, Hunan	Chiang Kai-shek III T. V. Soong
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 8	Xu Shiying (許世英)	1947.04.23	1948.11.26	642	Kuomintang	Qiupu, Anhui	Zhang Qun Weng Wenhao
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 9	Serengdongrub (白雲梯)	1948.11.26	1949.06.06	192	Kuomintang	Harqin Middle Banner, Rehe (Mongol)	Sun Fo II He Yingqin
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 10	Guan Jiyu (關吉玉)	1949.06.06	1949.11.23	170	Kuomintang	Liaoyang, Liaoning (Manchu)	He Yingqin Yan Xishan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 11	Zhou Kuntian (周昆田)	1949.11.23	1950.03.10	107	Kuomintang	Hefei, Anhui	Yan Xishan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 12	Yu Ching-tang (余井塘)	1950.03.10	1951.02.22	349	Kuomintang	Dongtai, Jiangsu	Chen Cheng I
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 13	Tien Chung-chin (田炯錦)	1951.02.22	1954.05.25	1188	Kuomintang	Qingyang, Gansu	Chen Cheng I
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 14	Liu Lianke (劉廉克)	1954.05.25	1958.07.14	1511	Kuomintang	Harqin Left Banner, Rehe (Mongol)	Chen Cheng I Yu Hung-Chun
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 15	Lee Yong-xin (李永新)	1958.07.14	1960.05.30	686	Kuomintang	Harqin Left Banner, Rehe (Mongol)	Chen Cheng II
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 16	Tien Chung-chin (田炯錦)	1960.05.30	1963.12.14	1293	Kuomintang	Qingyang, Gansu	Chen Cheng II
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 17	Guo Jiqiao (郭寄嶠)	1963.12.14	1972.5.29	3089	Kuomintang	Hefei, Anhui	Chen Cheng II Yen Chia-kan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 18	Chui Yan Cui (崔垂言)	1972.05.29	1981.11		Kuomintang	Changchun, Jilin	Yen Chia-kan Chiang Ching-kuo Sun Yun-suan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 19	Xie Renyang (薛人仰)	1981.11	1984.05		Kuomintang	Fuzhou, Fujian	Sun Yun-suan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 20	Dong Shufan (董樹藩)	1984.05	1986.03		Kuomintang	Sa County, Suiyuan	Sun Yun-suan Yu Kuo-hua
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 21	Wu Hua-peng (吳化鵬)	1986.04	1993.2.26		Kuomintang	Aohan Right Banner, Rehe (Mongol)	Yu Kuo-hua Lee Huan Hau Pei-tsun
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 22	Zhang Junyi (張駿逸)	1993.2.27	1994.12.14	655	Kuomintang	Changsha, Hunan	Lien Chan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 23	Lee Hou-kao (李厚高)	1994.12.15	1997.8.31	990	Kuomintang	Songzi, Hubei	Lien Chan
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 24	Kao Koong-lian (高孔廉)	1997.9.1	2000.5.19	991	Kuomintang	Minhou, Fujian	Vincent Siew
style="background:Template:Non-partisan/meta/color; color:black;" \| 25	Hsu Cheng-kuang (徐正光)	2000.5.20	2002.1.31	621		Pingtung, Taiwan	Tang Fei Chang Chun-hsiung I
style="background:Template:Democratic Progressive Party/meta/color; color:white;" \| 26	Hsu Chih-hsiung (許志雄)	2002.2.1	2008.5.19	2299	Democratic Progressive Party	Keelung, Taiwan	Yu Shyi-kun Frank Hsieh Su Tseng-chang Chang Chun-hsiung II
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 27	Kao Su-po (高思博)	2008.5.20	2011.02.08	994	Kuomintang	Tainan City	Liu Chao-shiuan Wu Den-yih
style="background:Template:Kuomintang/meta/color; color:white;" \| 28	Luo Ying-shay (羅瑩雪)	2011.02.09	2013.09.29	963	Kuomintang	Shuangfeng, Hunan	Wu Den-yih Chen Chun Jiang Yi-huah
style="background:Template:Non-partisan/meta/color; color:black;" \| —	Chen Ming-jen (陳明仁)	2013.09.30	2013.10.22	22		Chiayi County, Taiwan	Jiang Yi-huah
style="background:Template:Non-partisan/meta/color; color:black;" \| 29	Jaclyn Tsai (蔡玉玲)	2013.10.22	2016.05.19	940	Independent	Taiwan	Jiang Yi-huah Mao Chi-kuo Chang San-cheng
style="background:Template:Non-partisan/meta/color; color:black;" \| 30	Lin Mei-chu (林美珠)	2016.05.20	2017.02.07	263	Independent	Taipei City	Lin Chuan
style="background:Template:Non-partisan/meta/color; color:black;" \| 31	Hsu Jan-yau (許璋瑤)	2017.02.08	2017.09.15	219	Independent	Kaohsiung City	Lin Chuan William Lai

Other notable members

Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center

The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission manages the Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center (Chinese: 蒙藏文化中心; pinyin: Měng-Zàng Wénhuà Zhōngxīn). It is located in the Daan District of Taipei on Qingtian Street near the Taipei Grand Mosque and Mandarin Training Center. The center was established in 1993 in the former residence of the Changkya Khutukhtu, Lobsang Pelden Tenpe Dronme, who fled to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949. The building incorporates traditional Tibetan architectural features. It also includes an exhibition Area for cultural artifacts, a reading room, lecture hall and prayer hall for the Changkya Khutukhtu.^[8]

References

^ "Taiwan News Quick Take - Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com.
^ "蒙藏委員會9月15日已走入歷史 - 政治 - 自由時報電子報". 自由電子報. October 11, 2017.
^ Benson, Linda (1990). The Ili Rebellion : the Moslem challenge to Chinese authority in Xinjiang, 1944-1949. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-87332-509-7.
^ The China Year Book. North China Daily News & Herald. 1932. p. 28. Retrieved 2010-06-28. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
^ Okawa, Kensaku (2007). "Lessons from Tibetans in Taiwan: Their history, current situation, and relationship with Taiwanese nationalism" (PDF). The memoirs of the Institute of Oriental Culture. 152. University of Tokyo: 588–589, 596, 599, 602–603. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-24.
^ "Taiwan calls time on Mongolia and Tibet affairs commission". South China Morning Post. 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2020-04-26.
^ Charlier, Phillip (August 14, 2017). "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission to be Dissolved: Lim Applauds".
^ "Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center: Introduction". Archived from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2011-01-22.

External links

Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center

[1] "Taiwan News Quick Take - Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com.

[2] "蒙藏委員會9月15日已走入歷史 - 政治 - 自由時報電子報". 自由電子報. October 11, 2017.

[3] Benson, Linda (1990). The Ili Rebellion : the Moslem challenge to Chinese authority in Xinjiang, 1944-1949. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-87332-509-7.

[google-4] The China Year Book. North China Daily News & Herald. 1932. p. 28. Retrieved 2010-06-28. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)

[5] Okawa, Kensaku (2007). "Lessons from Tibetans in Taiwan: Their history, current situation, and relationship with Taiwanese nationalism" (PDF). The memoirs of the Institute of Oriental Culture. 152. University of Tokyo: 588–589, 596, 599, 602–603. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-24.

[6] "Taiwan calls time on Mongolia and Tibet affairs commission". South China Morning Post. 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2020-04-26.

[7] Charlier, Phillip (August 14, 2017). "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission to be Dissolved: Lim Applauds".

[8] "Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center: Introduction". Archived from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2011-01-22.

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