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Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awas Yojana

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Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana (PMpGAY)
Prime MinisterRajiv Gandhi
Launched1996 (as Indira Awaas Yojana, later restructured in 2015)
Websitewww.iay.nic.in/netiay/home.aspx

Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana (PMGAY), previously Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), is a social welfare programme, created by the Indian Government, to provide housing for the rural poor in India.[1] A similar scheme for urban poor was launched in 2015 as Housing for All by 2022. Indira Awaas Yojana was launched in 1985 by Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, as one of the major flagship programs of the Ministry of Rural Development to construct houses for BPL population in the villages.[2]

Overview

Under the PMGAY scheme, financial assistance worth ₹120,000 (US$1,400) in plain areas and ₹130,000 (US$1,600) in difficult areas (high land area) is provided for construction of houses.[3] These houses are equipped with facilities such as toilet, LPG connection, electricity connection, and drinking water [convergence with other schemes e.g. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan toilets, Ujjwala Yojana LPG gas connection, Saubhagya Yojana electricity connection, etc.].[4] The houses are allotted in the name of the woman or jointly between husband and wife. The construction of the houses is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary and engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah are required to be constructed along with each IAY house for which additional financial assistance is provided from "Total Sanitation Campaign" and "Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana" ( Which is now subsumed by Deen Dayal Upadhaya Gram Jyoti Yojana ) respectively. This scheme, operating since 1985, provides subsidies and cash-assistance to people in villages to construct their houses, themselves.[5]

History

Started in 1985 as part of the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP), Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) was subsumed in Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY) in 1989 and has been operating as an independent scheme since 1 January 1996.[6] In 1993-94 this scheme was extended to Non SC/ST categories also.From 1995–96 the scheme has been further extended to widows or next-of-kin of defence personnel killed in action, ex-servicemen and retired members of the paramilitary forces who wish to live in rural areas as long as they meet basic eligibility criteria.[7]

Given that India has been historically a populous and poor country, the need of proper housing for the refugees and villagers has been a focus of Government's welfare schemes since the time of India's independence.[8] As a result, various welfare schemes like House Sites cumg Construction Assistance Scheme have been ongoing since the 1950s.[8] However, it was only in the 1983 that a focussed fund for creation of housing for scheduled castes (SCs), scheduled tribes (STs) and freed bonded labour was set up under Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP). This gave birth to IAY in the fiscal year 1985–86.[8]

"Indira Awaas Yojana" (IAY) was launched by Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India in 1985 and was restructured as "Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana" (PMGAY) in 2015.[9][10]

Purpose

The broad purpose of the scheme is to provide financial assistance to some of the weakest sections of society for them to upgrade or construct a house of respectable quality for their personal living.[8] The vision of the government is to replace all temporary (kutchcha) houses from Indian villages by 2017.[11]

Implementation

The funds are allocated to the states based on 75% weightage of rural housing shortage and 25% weightage of poverty ratio. The housing shortage is as per the official published figures of Registrar General of India based on the 2001 Census.[12]

A software called "AWAAS Soft" was launched in July 2010 to assist in improved administration of this scheme.[6]

Current provisions

As per the 2011 budget, the total funds allocated for IAY have been set at ₹100 billion (US$1.2 billion)[13] for construction of houses for BPL families with special focus on the Left Wing Extremist (LWE) districts.[14]

Under the scheme, eligible people will get a financial assistance from government amounting to ₹1.2 lakh (US$1,400) for constructing their houses in rural areas and an amount of ₹12,000 (US$140) for constructing toilets.[citation needed] They can also borrow an amount of ₹70,000 (US$840).[10] After current provision of PMGAY people should apply online.[15]

Impact

Since 1985, 25.2 million houses have been constructed under the scheme. Under the Bharat Nirman Phase 1 project, 6 million houses were targeted and 7.1 million actually constructed from 2005–06 to 2008–09.[16] Additional, 12 million houses are planned to be constructed or renovated under the Bharat Nirman Phase 2.[16]

According to the official 2001 figures, the total rural housing shortage was 14.825 million houses.[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ 19, ANI | Oct; 2018; Ist, 03 08 Pm, PM Modi hands over keys of houses to PMAY-G beneficiaries in Shirdi, retrieved 24 October 2018 {{citation}}: |last= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "Indira Awaas Yojana – Fulfilling the Need for Rural Housing". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  3. ^ "More..." Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  4. ^ 10 lakh homes built under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin): Government, Economic Times, 1 Dec 2017.
  5. ^ "Press Information Bureau".
  6. ^ a b "Indira Awaas Yojana". Rural.nic.in. Archived from the original on 6 February 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  7. ^ "Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana | Indira Awaas Yojana". www.wiki.meramaal.com. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d "GUIDELINES for INDIRA AWAAS YOJANA-Introduction". rural.nic.in. Archived from the original on 25 December 2010. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  9. ^ "Modi government to rename new-look Indira Awaas Yojana to Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana", The Economic Times, 29 December 2015
  10. ^ a b "Modi govt changes Indira Awaas Yojana's name; it's now Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana", Zee News, 25 April 2016
  11. ^ Kumar, Devesh (19 June 2010). "Indira Awaas Yojana scope to be widened, states to come in as partners". Economic Times. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  12. ^ "Allotment of Indira Awas". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 3 March 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  13. ^ IANS (28 February 2011). "Union Budget 2011: Rural development to get 12% more". Economic Times. Archived from the original on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  14. ^ Balchand, K. (28 February 2011). "Pranab shifts focus to Bharat Nirman". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  15. ^ Sharma, Nitu. "pradhan mantri awas yojana online application". Govt NIC. New Delhi, India. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
  16. ^ a b c "Persons Eligible for Indira Awas Yojana(IAY)". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
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