Haut-Rhin

Haut-Rhin
Department
Prefecture building of the Haut-Rhin department, in Colmar
Coat of arms
Location of Haut-Rhin in France
Country	France
Region	Grand Est
Prefecture	Colmar
Subprefectures	Altkirch Mulhouse Thann
Government
• President of the General Council	Charles Buttner (UMP)
Area 1
• Total	3,525 km2 (1,361 sq mi)
Population  (2013)
• Total	758,723
• Rank	29th
• Density	220/km2 (560/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number	68
Arrondissements	4
Cantons	17
Communes	366
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

Haut-Rhin (French pronunciation: [oʁɛ̃]; Alsatian: Owerelsàss) is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the Rhine river. Its name means Upper Rhine. Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departments of the former administrative Alsace region, especially after it was amputated in 1871 of the southern territory known since 1922 as Territoire de Belfort, although it is still densely populated compared to the rest of metropolitan France.

Subdivisions

The department consists of the following arrondissements:

• Altkirch
• Colmar-Ribeauvillé
• Mulhouse
• Thann-Guebwiller

History

Haut-Rhin is one of the original 83 departments, created during the French Revolution, on 4 March 1790 through the application of the law of 22 December 1789 in respect of the southern half of the province of Alsace (Haute-Alsace).

Its boundaries have been modified many times:

• 1798, it absorbed Mulhouse, formerly a free city, and the last Swiss enclave in the south of Alsace;
• 1800, it absorbed the whole département of Mont-Terrible;
• 1814, it lost the territories which had been part of Mont-Terrible, which were returned to Switzerland, except for the old principality of Montbéliard;
• 1816, it lost Montbéliard, which was transferred to the département of Doubs;
• 1871, it was mostly annexed by Germany (Treaty of Frankfurt). The remaining French part formed the Territoire de Belfort in 1922;
• 1919, it was reverted to France (Treaty of Versailles) but remains administratively separated from Belfort.
• 1940, it was annexed de facto by Nazi Germany.
• 1944, it was recovered by France.

Geography

Haut-Rhin is bordered by the Territoire de Belfort and Vosges départements and the Vosges Mountains to the west, the Bas-Rhin département to the North, Switzerland to the south and its eastern border with Germany is also the River Rhine. In the centre of the département lies a fertile plain. The climate is semi-continental.

Economy

Haut-Rhin is one of the richest French départements. Mulhouse is the home of a Peugeot automobile factory, manufacturing the 106 and 206 models. The lowest unemployment rate in France can be found in the Southern Sundgau region (approximately 2%). The countryside is marked by hills. Many Haut-Rhinois work in Switzerland, especially in the chemical industries of Basel, but commute from France where living costs are lower.

Law

Alsace and the adjacent Moselle department have a legal system slightly different from the rest of France. The statutes in question date from the period 1871 - 1919 when the area was part of the German Empire. With the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France in 1919, Paris accepted that Alsace and Moselle should retain some local laws in respect of certain matters, especially with regard to hunting, economic life, local government relationships, health insurance and social rights. It includes notably the absence of any formal separation between church and state: several mainstream denominations of the Christian church benefit from state funding, in contrast to principles applied in the rest of France.

Tourism

• 
  Mulhouse town hall
• 
  Colmar
• 
  Riquewihr
• 
  View from the Ballon d'Alsace
• 
  Hunawihr and Alsatian vineyards

Culture

• Alsatian language

See also

• Cantons of the Haut-Rhin department
• Communes of the Haut-Rhin department
• Arrondissements of the Haut-Rhin department

External links

• Template:Fr icon General Council website
• Template:Fr icon Prefecture website
• Template:En icon Template:ODP