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List of mammals of Brazil

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Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 600 described species and, probably, many yet to be discovered. According to the World Conservation Union sixty-six of these species are endangered species and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.

Total number of species listed: 658 [1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Pilosa

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth
Giant anteater

Order: Cingulata

Six-banded armadillo

Order: Chiroptera

Hoary bat

Order: Primates

Goeldi's marmoset
White-headed marmoset
Golden lion tamarin
Tufted capuchin
Bald uakari
Brown woolly monkey
Black howler

Order: Carnivora

Maned wolf
Short-eared dog
Bush dog
Crab-eating fox

Mustelidae - otters, weasels and allies

Tayra

Mephitidae - skunks

Otariidae - eared seals

Phocidae - earless seals

Procyonidae - raccoons, coatis, olingos and allies

Crab-eating raccoon

Cetacea

Southern right whale breaching
Humpback whales in Abrolhos Islands
Eden's whale off Ilhabela, Sao Paulo
Spinner dolphins around Fernando de Noronha

Balaenidae - right whales

Balaenopteridae - rorquals

Delphinidae - dolphins

Phocoenidae - porpoises

Physeteridae

Platanistidae - river dolphins

Amazon river dolphin

Ziphiidae - beaked whales

Sirenia

West Indian manatees in Peixe-boi Project, Paraíba

Trichechidae - manatees

Perissodactyla

Tapiridae - tapirs

Brazilian tapir

Artiodactyla

Suidae - pigs

Tayassuidae - peccaries

Collared peccary

Cervidae - deer

Marsh deer

Rodentia

Sciuridae - squirrels

Myocastoridae

Nutria

Muridae - Old World rats and allies

Cricetidae - New World rats and allies

Drymoreomys albimaculatus

Erethizontidae - New World porcupines

Dinomyidae

Caviidae - guinea pigs and cavies

Rock cavy

Hydrochaeridae

Capybara

Dasyproctidae - agoutis and acouchis

Cuniculidae

Ctenomyidae - tuco-tucos

Echimyidae - spiny rats and allies

Lagomorpha

Leporidae - rabbits and hares

European hare

See also

References

  • Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19(3), pp. 672–679.
  • Moratelli, R., Dias, D. 2015. A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus Lonchophylla, from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ZooKeys 514, pp. 73–91.
  • Nogueira, M.R. et al. 2014. Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. Check List 10(4), pp. 808–821.
  • Rocha, P.A. et al. 2015. First record of Salvin's big-eyed bat Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 for Brazil. Mammalia (in press).
  • natureserve.org
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