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Wind power in Oklahoma

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The Blue Canyon Wind Farm

The U.S. State of Oklahoma has high potential capacity for wind power in the western half of the state. In 2017, Oklahoma's installed wind generation capacity was almost 7,500 megawatts, supplying almost a third of the state's generated electricity.[1]

Growth

Oklahoma Wind Generation by Year
Million kilowatt-hours of electricity[2]
Oklahoma Wind Capacity by Year
Megawatts of Generation Capacity[3][4]

Some of the wind farms in Oklahoma include:

The $3.5 billion, 800 mile, Plains & Eastern Clean Line transmission line was approved in 2012, which will when completed in 2017 have the capacity to deliver 7,000 MW of wind power. As of April, 2017, Clean Line Energy Partners did not have any binding contracts to provide electricity to an electric utility. The only tentative, nonbinding, agreement Clean Line was able to obtain was for 50 MW of capacity.

In 2010 Oklahoma adopted a goal of generating 15% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2015.[6] Wind power accounted for 18.4% of the electricity generated in Oklahoma during 2015.[7] At the end of 2015, Oklahoma's installed wind generation capacity was 5,184 MW.[8] During 2017, wind power accounted for 31.9% of the electricity generated in Oklahoma, and installed capacity at the end of 2017 was 7,495 MW, the state being second in terms of installed capacity.[1]

In 2017, Invenergy and GE announced plans for the $4.5 billion, 2,000 MW Wind Catcher (a/k/a Windcatcher) project on a 300,000-acre site in Cimarron and Texas counties in the Oklahoma Panhandle, which would have been among the world's largest wind farms when completed in 2020.[9][10] American Electric Power ("AEP") utility subsidiaries Public Service Company of Oklahoma ("PSO") and Southwestern Electric Power Co. ("SWEPCO") asked utility regulators in Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas and Oklahoma to approve plans to purchase the wind farm from Invenergy upon completion of construction.[9] However, the project ran into opposition and was finally cancelled in July 2018.[10]

PSO was approved in early 2020 by regulators in Oklahoma as well as Arkansas to own a 45.5% share of a massive 1,485 megawatt wind project known as the North Central Energy Facilities, with SWEPCO owning the rest.[11] The project includes three wind farms covering areas in Alfalfa, Blaine, Custer, Kingfisher, Garfield, Major and Woods counties of Oklahoma.[11] Hearings still need to be held in Texas and Louisiana.[11] While the abandoned Wind Catcher plan envisioned a new 765-kilovolt transmission line, which would have run hundreds of miles in Oklahoma, the North Central facilities are near an existing PSO/SWEPCO transmission system.[12] Also, the project is said to be scalable, so that states which approve the project would have the ability to increase the number of megawatts allocated to them should another state reject the proposal, as long as a minimum of 810 MW is committed.[12]

The Traverse Wind Energy Center, located north of Weatherford, is the largest wind farm in the country set to come online in 2021, with a capacity of 999 MW. It was built by Invenergy and contracted by American Electric Power. Upon coming online it will become the second-largest wind project in the United States, behind the Alta Wind Energy Center in California.[13][14]

Potential

Oklahoma wind resources are concentrated in the pan handle

Being centrally located, the western half of Oklahoma is in America's wind corridor, which stretches from Canada into North Dakota and Montana, south into west Texas, where the vast majority of the country's best on-shore wind resources are located.[15] Oklahoma has the potential to install 517,000 MW of wind turbines, capable of generating 1,521,652 GWh each year. This is over one third of all the electricity generated in the United States in 2011.[16]

Economic benefits

Wind turbine blade on display in Weatherford, Oklahoma

Oklahoma's wind resources are the eighth best in the United States. The total number of direct and indirect jobs in the state from wind power development is estimated to be between 1,000 and 2,000.[17]

Oklahoma ended the half-cent tax credit for wind by July 2017. All zero-emission rebates were $60 million in the 2014 tax year.[18]

Wind generation

Oklahoma Wind Generation in 2016
Oklahoma Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh)
Year Total Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
2003 54 54
2004 574 45 46 54 49 77 38 39 38 48 41 41 58
2005 847 35 36 54 98 78 92 69 52 76 74 80 103
2006 1,712 171 130 164 175 141 123 125 95 109 153 165 161
2007 1,849 146 165 199 184 147 108 84 162 150 209 159 136
2008 2,359 227 175 220 237 228 197 171 101 143 204 209 247
2009 2,697 209 209 272 272 184 204 163 202 152 253 269 308
2010 3,807 232 187 398 407 302 365 262 261 311 299 408 375
2011 5,606 348 449 529 534 567 561 333 336 343 498 626 482
2012 8,159 701 536 757 632 729 679 568 453 518 799 832 955
2013 11,252 886 828 1,109 1,127 1,069 1,007 772 681 769 1,125 1,044 835
2014 11,937 1,176 745 1,182 1,251 957 1,097 782 781 875 901 1,188 1,002
2015 14,031 1,053 1,080 936 1,227 1,136 1,110 1,136 955 1,311 1,060 1,587 1,442
2016 20,069 1,423 1,763 1,990 1,728 1,701 1,380 1,725 1,234 1,506 2,062 1,719 1,838
2017 23,599 1,943 2,080 2,445 2,300 1,898 1,949 1,463 978 1,843 2,562 2,037 2,101
2018 27,338 2,711 2,262 2,745 2,816 2,391 2,743 1,150 2,080 1,868 1,884 2,151 2,537
2019 29,007 2,384 2,009 2,431 2,757 2,420 2,005 2,149 2,013 2,633 3,134 2,446 2,626
2020 29,572 2,660 2,558 2,532 2,670 2,334 3,035 1,978 1,976 1,847 2,426 2,806 2,749
2021 16,909 2,785 1,989 3,588 3,320 2,912 2,315

Source:[19][20][21][22]

In 2019, 53.5% of the power production in Oklahoma was produced from natural gas and 34.6% from wind power.[23]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Wind Energy in Oklahoma" (PDF). American Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  2. ^ "EIA - Electricity Data Browser, Table 1.14". U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  3. ^ "Wind Exchange: Installed Wind Capacity". U.S. Department of Energy. February 17, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  4. ^ WINDExchange: U.S. Installed and Potential Wind Power Capacity and Generation
  5. ^ "Weatherford Wind Energy Center (USA)". TheWindpower.net. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
  6. ^ "Oklahoma Governor Approves Energy Security Act". SolarIndustryMag.com. May 28, 2010.
  7. ^ "U.S. number one in the world in wind energy production". American Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  8. ^ "AWEA". American Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  9. ^ a b "Invenergy and GE Renewable Energy Announce America's Largest Wind Farm" (Press release). GE. July 26, 2017.
  10. ^ a b "Kelly Bostian, 'It feels good to breathe again': Local opponents respond to news of Wind Catcher project cancellation after failed Texas vote, July 27, 2018". Tulsa World. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  11. ^ a b c "State gives go-ahead to share of massive wind farm project". Tulsa World, Feb 23, 2020. Retrieved March 23, 2020.
  12. ^ a b "Coal-powered giant bets on wind. Will it work?". Edward Klump, E&E News, Thursday, February 6, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
  13. ^ "Renewables account for most new U.S. electricity generating capacity in 2021". U.S. Energy Information Administration. January 11, 2021. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
  14. ^ "American wind projects on the move". June 15, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
  15. ^ "80 Meter Wind Map". National Renewable Energy Lab. Department of Energy. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  16. ^ National Renewable Energy Laboratory (2012-07-04). "U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potentials" (PDF). U.S. Department of Energy. p. 14.
  17. ^ "State Wind Energy Statistics: Oklahoma". AWEA. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  18. ^ "Oklahoma governor signs bills to end wind incentive, airfield loophole". 18 April 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  19. ^ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.A." United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
  20. ^ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.B." United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
  21. ^ Electric Power Monthly, February 2013, Energy Information Administration
  22. ^ EIA. "Electricity Data Browser". United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  23. ^ Joe Wertz (2018-09-06). "Oklahoma Wind Farms Mapped". StateImpact Oklahoma | Environment, Education, Energy, Health And Justice: Policy to People. Oklahoma Public Media Exchange.
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