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The genus is currently divided into three subfamilies.<ref name=ICTV/><ref name=Schulz2017 /><ref name=Colson2013>Colson P, Fournous G, Diene SM, Raoult D (2013) Codon usage, amino acid usage, transfer RNA and amino-acyl-tRNA synthetases in mimiviruses. Intervirology 56(6):364-375. {{DOI|10.1159/000354557}}</ref>
The genus is currently divided into three subfamilies.<ref name=ICTV/><ref name=Schulz2017 /><ref name=Colson2013>{{cite journal |vauthors=Colson P, Fournous G, Diene SM, Raoult D |title=Codon usage, amino acid usage, transfer RNA and amino-acyl-tRNA synthetases in Mimiviruses |journal=Intervirology |volume=56 |issue=6 |pages=364–75 |date=2013 |pmid=24157883 |doi=10.1159/000354557 |url=https://www.karger.com?DOI=10.1159/000354557}}</ref>
* One subfamily ([[Mimivirus]], proposed names: Megavirinae or Megamimivirinae) is divided into three "lineages":
* One subfamily ([[Mimivirus]], proposed names: Megavirinae or Megamimivirinae) is divided into three "lineages":
** A - Mimivirus group: includes Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, Hirudovirus, [[Mamavirus]], Kroon virus, [[Lentille virus]]<!--Acanthamoeba polyphaga lentillevirus-->, Terra2, Niemeyer virus, Samba virus.<ref name="MG_Zamilon">Morgan Gaia et al.: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3991649/ Zamilon, a Novel Virophage with ''Mimiviridae'' Host Specificity], in: PLoS One. 2014; 9(4): e94923. Published online 2014 Apr 18. [[doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094923]]</ref><ref Name=Abrah2018fig4>See also Abrahão et al. (2018), fig. 4 on p. 5</ref>
** A — Mimivirus group: includes Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, Hirudovirus, [[Mamavirus]], Kroon virus, [[Lentille virus]]<!--Acanthamoeba polyphaga lentillevirus-->, Terra2, Niemeyer virus, Samba virus.<ref name="MG_Zamilon">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaia M, Benamar S, Boughalmi M, Pagnier I, Croce O, Colson P, Raoult D, La Scola B |title=Zamilon, a novel virophage with Mimiviridae host specificity |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=e94923 |date=2014 |pmid=24747414 |pmc=3991649 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0094923 |url=http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094923}}</ref><ref Name=Abrah2018fig4>See also Abrahão et al. (2018), fig. 4 on p. 5</ref>
** B - Moumouvirus group: includes [[Moumouvirus]], Saudi moumouvirus, [[Moumouvirus goulette]], [[Monve virus]] (aka Moumouvirus monve), and [[Ochan virus]].<ref>Christelle Desnues et al.: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497776/ Provirophages and transpovirons as the diverse mobilome of giant viruses], in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109(44), P. 18078–18083, 2012 Oct 30, [[doi: 10.1073/pnas.1208835109]]</ref><ref name="MG_Zamilon" /><ref>Natalya Yutin et al.: [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682214003006 Origin of giant viruses from smaller DNA viruses not from a fourth domain of cellular life], in: Virology Volumes 466–467, October 2014, P. 38-52, [[doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.032]]</ref><ref Name=Abrah2018fig4 />
** B — Moumouvirus group: includes [[Moumouvirus]], Saudi moumouvirus, [[Moumouvirus goulette]], [[Monve virus]] (aka Moumouvirus monve), and [[Ochan virus]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Desnues C, La Scola B, Yutin N, Fournous G, Robert C, Azza S, Jardot P, Monteil S, Campocasso A, Koonin EV, Raoult D |title=Provirophages and transpovirons as the diverse mobilome of giant viruses |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=109 |issue=44 |pages=18078–83 |date=October 2012 |pmid=23071316 |pmc=3497776 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1208835109 |url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=23071316}}</ref><ref name="MG_Zamilon" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Yutin N, Wolf YI, Koonin EV |title=Origin of giant viruses from smaller DNA viruses not from a fourth domain of cellular life |journal=Virology |volume=466-467 |issue= |pages=38–52 |date=October 2014 |pmid=25042053 |pmc=4325995 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.032 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0042-6822(14)00300-6 |lay-source=ScienceDaily |lay-summary=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682214003006 }}</ref><ref Name=Abrah2018fig4 />
** C - Courdo11 virus group: includes [[Mont1]],<ref name="MG_Zamilon"/> Courdo7, Courdo11, Megavirus chilensis, LBA111, Powai lake megavirus and Terra1.<ref name="Gaia2013">Gaia M, Pagnier I, Campocasso A, Fournous G, Raoult D, La Scola B: [http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0061912 Broad Spectrum of Mimiviridae Virophage Allows Its Isolation Using a Mimivirus Reporter], in: PLoS One 8(4):e61912 (2013). [[doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061912]]</ref><ref>For LBA111 and Powai lake megavirus see also Abrahão, et al. (2018), fig 4 on p. 5</ref>
** C — Courdo11 virus group: includes [[Mont1]],<ref name="MG_Zamilon"/> Courdo7, Courdo11, Megavirus chilensis, LBA111, Powai lake megavirus and Terra1.<ref name="Gaia2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaia M, Pagnier I, Campocasso A, Fournous G, Raoult D, La Scola B |title=Broad spectrum of mimiviridae virophage allows its isolation using a mimivirus reporter |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=e61912 |date=2013 |pmid=23596530 |pmc=3626643 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0061912 |url=http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061912}}</ref><ref>For LBA111 and Powai lake megavirus see also Abrahão, et al. (2018), fig 4 on p. 5</ref>
: The majority of Mimiviridae appear to belong to this subfamily (Mimiviruses).<ref name="Colson2013" />
: The majority of Mimiviridae appear to belong to this subfamily (Mimiviruses).<ref name="Colson2013" />
: It is sometimes also referred to as Mimiviridae group I.<ref name="WZhang" />
: It is sometimes also referred to as Mimiviridae group I.<ref name="WZhang" />
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* [[Aureococcus anophagefferens virus]] (AaV)
* [[Aureococcus anophagefferens virus]] (AaV)
* [[Pyramimonas orientalis virus]] (PoV)
* [[Pyramimonas orientalis virus]] (PoV)
* [[Tetraselmis virus]] (TetV-1)<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180503101643.htm A new giant virus found in the waters of Oahu, Hawaii], ScienceDaily, May 3, 2018</ref><ref>Christopher R. Schvarcz, Grieg F. Steward: A giant virus infecting green algae encodes key fermentation genes. Virology, 2018; 518: 423 [[DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.010]]</ref>
* [[Tetraselmis virus]] (TetV-1)<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Schvarcz CR, Steward GF |title=A giant virus infecting green algae encodes key fermentation genes |journal=Virology |volume=518 |issue= |pages=423–433 |date=May 2018 |pmid=29649682 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.010 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0042-6822(18)30090-4 |lay-source=ScienceDaily |lay-summary=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180503101643.htm}}</ref>


This group seems to be closely related to Mimiviridae rather than to [[Phycodnaviridae]] and therefore is sometimes referred to as a further subfamily candidate [[Mesomimivirinae]]. Sometimes the extended family Mimiviridae is referred to as [[Megaviridae]] although this has not been recognized by ICTV; alternatively the extended group may be referred to just as ''Mimiviridae''.<ref name=Schulz2017 /><ref>Eugene V Koonin, Mart Krupovic, Natalya Yutin: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272946690_Evolution_of_double-stranded_DNA_viruses_of_eukaryotes_From_bacteriophages_to_transposons_to_giant_viruses Evolution of double-stranded DNA viruses of eukaryotes: From bacteriophages to transposons to giant viruses], in: ResearchGate Literature Review February 2015, [[doi: 10.1111/nyas.12728]], Figure 3</ref><ref>Natalya Yutin et al.: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3620924/ Mimiviridae: clusters of orthologous genes, reconstruction of gene repertoire evolution and proposed expansion of the giant virus family], in: Virol J. 2013; 10: 106, [[doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-10-106]]</ref><ref>Blog of Carolina Reyes, Kenneth Stedman: [https://www.researchgate.net/post/Are_Phaeocystis_globosa_viruses_OLPG_and_Organic_Lake_phycodnavirus_a_part_of_the_Phycodnaviridae_or_Mimiviridae Are Phaeocystis globosa viruses (OLPG) and Organic Lake phycodnavirus a part of the Phycodnaviridae or Mimiviridae?], on ResearchGate, Jan. 8, 2016</ref><ref>Fumito Maruyama and Shoko Ueki: [http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01942/full Evolution and Phylogeny of Large DNA Viruses, ''Mimiviridae'' and ''Phycodnaviridae'' Including Newly Characterized ''Heterosigma akashiwo Virus''], in: Front. Microbiol., 30 November 2016, [[doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01942]]</ref><ref name="WZhang">Weijia Zhang et al.: [https://www.nature.com/articles/srep15131 Four novel algal virus genomes discovered from Yellowstone Lake metagenomes], in: Scientific Reports 5, Article number: 15131 (2015), especially Figure 6, [[doi: 10.1038/srep15131]]</ref>
This group seems to be closely related to Mimiviridae rather than to [[Phycodnaviridae]] and therefore is sometimes referred to as a further subfamily candidate [[Mesomimivirinae]]. Sometimes the extended family Mimiviridae is referred to as [[Megaviridae]] although this has not been recognized by ICTV; alternatively the extended group may be referred to just as ''Mimiviridae''.<ref name=Schulz2017 /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Yutin N |title=Evolution of double-stranded DNA viruses of eukaryotes: from bacteriophages to transposons to giant viruses |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=1341 |issue= |pages=10–24, see Figure 3 |date=April 2015 |pmid=25727355 |pmc=4405056 |doi=10.1111/nyas.12728 |url=https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12728}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Yutin N, Colson P, Raoult D, Koonin EV |title=Mimiviridae: clusters of orthologous genes, reconstruction of gene repertoire evolution and proposed expansion of the giant virus family |journal=Virol. J. |volume=10 |issue= |pages=106 |date=April 2013 |pmid=23557328 |pmc=3620924 |doi=10.1186/1743-422X-10-106 |url=https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-10-106}}</ref><ref>Blog of Carolina Reyes, Kenneth Stedman: [https://www.researchgate.net/post/Are_Phaeocystis_globosa_viruses_OLPG_and_Organic_Lake_phycodnavirus_a_part_of_the_Phycodnaviridae_or_Mimiviridae Are Phaeocystis globosa viruses (OLPG) and Organic Lake phycodnavirus a part of the Phycodnaviridae or Mimiviridae?], on ResearchGate, Jan. 8, 2016</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Maruyama F, Ueki S |title=Evolution and Phylogeny of Large DNA Viruses, ''Mimiviridae'' and ''Phycodnaviridae'' Including Newly Characterized ''Heterosigma akashiwo'' Virus |journal=Front Microbiol |volume=7 |issue= |pages=1942 |date=2016 |pmid=27965659 |pmc=5127864 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2016.01942 }}</ref><ref name="WZhang">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang W, Zhou J, Liu T, Yu Y, Pan Y, Yan S, Wang Y |title=Four novel algal virus genomes discovered from Yellowstone Lake metagenomes |journal=Sci Rep |volume=5 |issue= |pages=15131 |date=October 2015 |pmid=26459929 |pmc=4602308 |doi=10.1038/srep15131 }}</ref>


Although only a couple of members of this family have been described in detail it seems likely there are many more awaiting description and assignment,<ref name=Ghedin2005>Ghedin E, Claverie JM (2005) Mimivirus relatives in the Sargasso sea. Virol J. 2:62</ref><ref name=Monier2008>Monier A, Claverie JM, Ogata H (2008) Taxonomic distribution of large DNA viruses in the sea. Genome Biol. 9(7):R106.</ref> For example, Terra2, and Aureococcus anophagefferens virus (AaV).
Although only a couple of members of this family have been described in detail it seems likely there are many more awaiting description and assignment,<ref name=Ghedin2005>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghedin E, Claverie JM |title=Mimivirus relatives in the Sargasso sea |journal=Virol. J. |volume=2 |issue= |pages=62 |date=August 2005 |pmid=16105173 |pmc=1215527 |doi=10.1186/1743-422X-2-62 |url=https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-2-62}}</ref><ref name=Monier2008>{{cite journal |vauthors=Monier A, Claverie JM, Ogata H |title=Taxonomic distribution of large DNA viruses in the sea |journal=Genome Biol. |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=R106 |date=2008 |pmid=18598358 |pmc=2530865 |doi=10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-r106 |url=https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-r106}}</ref> For example, Terra2, and ''Aureococcus anophagefferens'' virus (AaV).


==Structure==
==Structure==
Line 88: Line 88:


==Clinical==
==Clinical==
Mimiviruses have been associated with pneumonia but their significance if any is currently unknown.<ref name=Saadi2013>Saadi H, Pagnier I, Colson P, Cherif JK, Beji M, Boughalmi M, Azza S, Armstrong N, Robert C, Fournous G, La Scola B, Raoult D (2013) First isolation of Mimivirus in a patient with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis</ref> The only virus of this family isolated from a human to date is LBA 111.<ref name=Yoosuf2013>Yoosuf N, Pagnier I, Fournous G, Robert C, La Scola B, Raoult D, Colson P (2013) Complete genome sequence of Courdo11 virus, a member of the family Mimiviridae. Virus Genes</ref> ''Mimivirus'' has also been implicated in [[rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1128/JVI.03141-13| pmid = 24173233| title = Exposure to Mimivirus Collagen Promotes Arthritis| journal = Journal of Virology| volume = 88| issue = 2| pages = 838–45| year = 2013| last1 = Shah | first1 = N.| last2 = Hulsmeier | first2 = A. J.| last3 = Hochhold | first3 = N.| last4 = Neidhart | first4 = M.| last5 = Gay | first5 = S.| last6 = Hennet | first6 = T. | pmc=3911627}}</ref>
Mimiviruses have been associated with pneumonia but their significance if any is currently unknown.<ref name=Saadi2013>{{cite journal |vauthors=Saadi H, Pagnier I, Colson P, Cherif JK, Beji M, Boughalmi M, Azza S, Armstrong N, Robert C, Fournous G, La Scola B, Raoult D |title=First isolation of Mimivirus in a patient with pneumonia |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=57 |issue=4 |pages=e127–34 |date=August 2013 |pmid=23709652 |doi=10.1093/cid/cit354 |url=https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/cid/cit354}}</ref> The only virus of this family isolated from a human to date is LBA 111.<ref name=Yoosuf2013>{{cite journal |vauthors=Yoosuf N, Pagnier I, Fournous G, Robert C, La Scola B, Raoult D, Colson P |title=Complete genome sequence of Courdo11 virus, a member of the family Mimiviridae |journal=Virus Genes |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=218–23 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24293219 |doi=10.1007/s11262-013-1016-x |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11262-013-1016-x}}</ref> ''Mimivirus'' has also been implicated in [[rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1128/JVI.03141-13| pmid = 24173233| title = Exposure to Mimivirus Collagen Promotes Arthritis| journal = Journal of Virology| volume = 88| issue = 2| pages = 838–45| year = 2013| last1 = Shah | first1 = N.| last2 = Hulsmeier | first2 = A. J.| last3 = Hochhold | first3 = N.| last4 = Neidhart | first4 = M.| last5 = Gay | first5 = S.| last6 = Hennet | first6 = T. | pmc=3911627}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 04:57, 1 December 2018

Mimiviridae
Virus classification
Group:
Group I (dsDNA)
Order:
NCLDV
Family:
Mimiviridae
Genera

Mimiviridae is a family of viruses. Amoeba and other protists serve as natural hosts. The family is divided in up to 4 subfamilies.[1][2][3][4] Viruses in this family belong to the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA virus clade (NCLDV).

History

The first member of this family—the Mimivirus—was discovered in 2003.[5]

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

Order: Unassigned

The genus is currently divided into three subfamilies.[2][3][6]

The majority of Mimiviridae appear to belong to this subfamily (Mimiviruses).[6]
It is sometimes also referred to as Mimiviridae group I.[13]

Furthermore, it has been proposed to extend Mimiviridae by an additional tentative group III (subfamily Mesomimivirinae aka legacy OLPG, Organic Lake Phycodna Group) that may consist of the following:

This group seems to be closely related to Mimiviridae rather than to Phycodnaviridae and therefore is sometimes referred to as a further subfamily candidate Mesomimivirinae. Sometimes the extended family Mimiviridae is referred to as Megaviridae although this has not been recognized by ICTV; alternatively the extended group may be referred to just as Mimiviridae.[3][18][19][20][21][13]

Although only a couple of members of this family have been described in detail it seems likely there are many more awaiting description and assignment,[22][23] For example, Terra2, and Aureococcus anophagefferens virus (AaV).

Structure

Viruses in Mimiviridae have icosahedral and round geometries, with between T=972 and T=1141, or T=1200 symmetry. The diameter is around 400 nm, with a length of 125 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 1200kb in length. The genome has 911 open reading frames.[1]

Genus Structure Symmetry Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Mimivirus Icosahedral T=972-1141 or T=1200 (H=19 +/- 1, K=19 +/- 1) Linear Monopartite
Klosneuvirus
Cafeteriavirus Icosahedral T=499 Linear Monopartite
Tupanvirus Tailed

Life cycle

Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Amoeba serve as the natural host.[1]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Mimivirus Zooplankton None Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Passive diffusion
Klosneuvirus Unknown None Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown
Cafeteriavirus Amoeba None Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Passive diffusion

Molecular biology

Within the genome of Lentille virus integrated genome of a virophage (Sputnik 2) and a transpoviron—a mobile genetic element—have been reported. Transpovirons are linear DNA elements of about 7 kilobases that encompass six to eight protein coding genes, two of which are homologous to virophage genes. Broad spectrum of mimiviridae virophage allows its isolation using a mimivirus reporter.[11]

Clinical

Mimiviruses have been associated with pneumonia but their significance if any is currently unknown.[24] The only virus of this family isolated from a human to date is LBA 111.[25] Mimivirus has also been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis.[26]

See also

Wikispecies has information related to Mimiviridae.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ^ a b ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e Schulz, Frederik; Yutin, Natalya; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Ortega, Davi R.; Lee, Tae Kwon; Vierheilig, Julia; Daims, Holger; Horn, Matthias; Wagner, Michael (7 April 2017). "Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components". Science. 356 (6333): 82–85. Bibcode:2017Sci...356...82S. doi:10.1126/science.aal4657. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 28386012., UCPMS ID: 1889607, PDF
  4. ^ a b Abrahão, Jônatas; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Yaacoub Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo; Arantes, Thalita; Assis, Felipe; Boratto, Paulo; Andrade, Miguel; Kroon, Erna Geessien; Ribeiro, Bergmann; Bergier, Ivan; Seligmann, Herve; Ghigo, Eric; Colson, Philippe; Levasseur, Anthony; Kroemer, Guido; Raoult, Didier; Scola, Bernard La (27 February 2018). "Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 749. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9..749A. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1. PMC 5829246. PMID 29487281. Fig. 4 and §Discussion: "Considering that tupanviruses comprise a sister group to amoebal mimiviruses…"
  5. ^ Suzan-Monti M, La Scola B, Raoult D (2006) Genomic and evolutionary aspects of Mimivirus. Virus Res 117(1):145-155
  6. ^ a b Colson P, Fournous G, Diene SM, Raoult D (2013). "Codon usage, amino acid usage, transfer RNA and amino-acyl-tRNA synthetases in Mimiviruses". Intervirology. 56 (6): 364–75. doi:10.1159/000354557. PMID 24157883.
  7. ^ a b c Gaia M, Benamar S, Boughalmi M, Pagnier I, Croce O, Colson P, Raoult D, La Scola B (2014). "Zamilon, a novel virophage with Mimiviridae host specificity". PLoS ONE. 9 (4): e94923. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094923. PMC 3991649. PMID 24747414.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ a b See also Abrahão et al. (2018), fig. 4 on p. 5
  9. ^ Desnues C, La Scola B, Yutin N, Fournous G, Robert C, Azza S, Jardot P, Monteil S, Campocasso A, Koonin EV, Raoult D (October 2012). "Provirophages and transpovirons as the diverse mobilome of giant viruses". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109 (44): 18078–83. doi:10.1073/pnas.1208835109. PMC 3497776. PMID 23071316.
  10. ^ Yutin N, Wolf YI, Koonin EV (October 2014). "Origin of giant viruses from smaller DNA viruses not from a fourth domain of cellular life". Virology. 466–467: 38–52. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.032. PMC 4325995. PMID 25042053. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lay-source= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lay-summary= ignored (help)
  11. ^ a b Gaia M, Pagnier I, Campocasso A, Fournous G, Raoult D, La Scola B (2013). "Broad spectrum of mimiviridae virophage allows its isolation using a mimivirus reporter". PLoS ONE. 8 (4): e61912. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061912. PMC 3626643. PMID 23596530.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  12. ^ For LBA111 and Powai lake megavirus see also Abrahão, et al. (2018), fig 4 on p. 5
  13. ^ a b Zhang W, Zhou J, Liu T, Yu Y, Pan Y, Yan S, Wang Y (October 2015). "Four novel algal virus genomes discovered from Yellowstone Lake metagenomes". Sci Rep. 5: 15131. doi:10.1038/srep15131. PMC 4602308. PMID 26459929.
  14. ^ Matthias G. Fischer; Michael J. Allen; William H. Wilson; Curtis A. Suttle (2010). "Giant virus with a remarkable complement of genes infects marine zooplankton" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (45): 19508–19513. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10719508F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1007615107. PMC 2984142. PMID 20974979.
  15. ^ See Abrahão, et al. (2018), fig. 4 on page 5
  16. ^ NCBI Complete genomes: Viruses, look for 'Yellowstone Lake'
  17. ^ Schvarcz CR, Steward GF (May 2018). "A giant virus infecting green algae encodes key fermentation genes". Virology. 518: 423–433. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2018.03.010. PMID 29649682. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lay-source= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |lay-summary= ignored (help)
  18. ^ Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Yutin N (April 2015). "Evolution of double-stranded DNA viruses of eukaryotes: from bacteriophages to transposons to giant viruses". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1341: 10–24, see Figure 3. doi:10.1111/nyas.12728. PMC 4405056. PMID 25727355.
  19. ^ Yutin N, Colson P, Raoult D, Koonin EV (April 2013). "Mimiviridae: clusters of orthologous genes, reconstruction of gene repertoire evolution and proposed expansion of the giant virus family". Virol. J. 10: 106. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-10-106. PMC 3620924. PMID 23557328.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  20. ^ Blog of Carolina Reyes, Kenneth Stedman: Are Phaeocystis globosa viruses (OLPG) and Organic Lake phycodnavirus a part of the Phycodnaviridae or Mimiviridae?, on ResearchGate, Jan. 8, 2016
  21. ^ Maruyama F, Ueki S (2016). "Evolution and Phylogeny of Large DNA Viruses, Mimiviridae and Phycodnaviridae Including Newly Characterized Heterosigma akashiwo Virus". Front Microbiol. 7: 1942. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01942. PMC 5127864. PMID 27965659.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  22. ^ Ghedin E, Claverie JM (August 2005). "Mimivirus relatives in the Sargasso sea". Virol. J. 2: 62. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-2-62. PMC 1215527. PMID 16105173.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  23. ^ Monier A, Claverie JM, Ogata H (2008). "Taxonomic distribution of large DNA viruses in the sea". Genome Biol. 9 (7): R106. doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-r106. PMC 2530865. PMID 18598358.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  24. ^ Saadi H, Pagnier I, Colson P, Cherif JK, Beji M, Boughalmi M, Azza S, Armstrong N, Robert C, Fournous G, La Scola B, Raoult D (August 2013). "First isolation of Mimivirus in a patient with pneumonia". Clin. Infect. Dis. 57 (4): e127–34. doi:10.1093/cid/cit354. PMID 23709652.
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  26. ^ Shah, N.; Hulsmeier, A. J.; Hochhold, N.; Neidhart, M.; Gay, S.; Hennet, T. (2013). "Exposure to Mimivirus Collagen Promotes Arthritis". Journal of Virology. 88 (2): 838–45. doi:10.1128/JVI.03141-13. PMC 3911627. PMID 24173233.

External links

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