Charles de Foucauld
| Charles de Foucauld | |
|---|---|
 de Foucauld around 1907 |
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| Born | Strasbourg, France |
| Died | Tamanrasset, Algeria |
| Beatified | 13 November 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI |
| Feast | 1 December |
Charles Eugène de Foucauld (Strasbourg, 15 September 1858–Tamanrasset, 1 December 1916) was a French Catholic religious and priest living among the Tuareg in the Sahara in Algeria. He was assassinated in 1916 outside the door of the fort he built for protection of the Tuareg and is considered by the Catholic Church to be a martyr. His inspiration and writings led to the founding of the Little Brothers of Jesus among other religious congregations. He was beatified on 13 November 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI.[1] Charles de Foucauld was an officer of the French Army in North Africa where he first developed his strong feelings about the desert and solitude. On his subsequent return to France and towards the end of October 1886, at the age of 28, he went through a conversion experience.
In 1890 he joined the Cistercian Trappist order first in France and then at Akbès in Syria, but left in 1897 to follow an undefined religious vocation in Nazareth. He began to lead a solitary life of prayer, near a convent of Poor Clares and it was suggested to him that he be ordained. In 1901 at the age of 43 he was ordained in Viviers, France and returned to the Sahara in Algeria and lived a virtually eremetical life. He first settled in Beni Abbes, near the Moroccan border, building a small hermitage for ‘adoration and hospitality’, which he soon referred to as the ‘Fraternity’.
Later he moved to be with the Tuareg people, in Tamanghasset in southern Algeria. This region is the central part of the Sahara with the Ahaggar Mountains (the Hoggar) immediately to the west. Charles used the highest point in the region, the Assekrem, as a place of retreat. Living close to the Tuareg, and sharing their life and hardships, he made a ten-year study of their language and cultural traditions. He learned the language and worked on a dictionary and grammar. His dictionary manuscript was published posthumously in 4 volumes and has become known among Berberologues for its rich and apt descriptions. He formulated the idea of founding a new religious institute, which became a reality only after his death, under the name of the Little Brothers of Jesus. (See also: Louis Massignon)
On December 1, 1916, he was shot to death outside his Tamanrasset compound, by passing marauders connected with the Senussi Bedouin; this act is to be seen against the general background of the uprising against French colonial power, World War I and famine in the Hoggar. He was beatified by Pope Benedict XVI on November 13, 2005 and is listed as a martyr in the liturgy of the Catholic Church.
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[edit] Legacy
Charles de Foucauld died alone, and without the immediate fellowship of others sharing his practice of the life of "Jesus of Nazareth" and hospitality in the desert of Algeria. Yet he was successful at inspiring and helping to organize a confraternity within France in support of his idea. This organization called the Association of the Brothers and Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus consisted of lay and ordained members totaling 48 people at the time of his death. It was this group, and specifically the efforts of Louis Massignon, the world-famous scholar of Islam, and a best selling biography written by René Bazin in 1921 - La vie de Charles de Foucauld explorateur en Maroc, eremite du Sahara - who kept his intuitions alive and inspired the family of lay and religious fraternities that include Jesus Caritas, the Little Brothers of Jesus and the Little Sisters of Jesus among a total of 19 different religious congregations. Though originally French in origin, these groups have expanded to include many cultures and languages on all continents.
[edit] See also
[edit] Bibliography
- Foucauld, Charles de. Reconnaissance au Maroc, 1883-1884. 4 vols. Paris: Challamel, 1888.
- Foucauld, Charles Eugène de. Dictionnaire touareg–français, dialecte de l'Ahaggar. 4 vols. Paris: Imprimerie nationale de France, 1951-1952.
- Foucauld, Charles de. Poésies touarègues. Dialecte de l'Ahaggar. 2 vols. Paris: Leroux, 1925-1930.
- Wright, Sr. Cathy, "Charles de Foucauld - Journey of the Spirit", Pauline Books and Media, USA, 2005.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Charles de Foucauld — a diverse life
- Lettres au marabout. Messages touaregs au Père de Foucauld. Paris, Belin, 1999
- Charles de Foucauld at Jesus Caritas
- Hungarian website about Charles de Foucauld and his spirituality
- Antoine Chatelard, La mort de Charles de Foucauld, Karthala Editions, 2000 .
- Josette Fournier, Charles de Foucauld : amitiés croisées, Éditions Cheminements, 2007 .
- Dominique Casajus, Charles de Foucauld, moine et savant, CNRS Éditions, 2009.
- Charles de Foucauld et les Touaregs, Rencontre et malentendu, Terrain, 1997
- Charles de Foucauld at Find a Grave
[edit] Gallery
- 1858 births
- 1916 deaths
- 20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
- 20th-century venerated Christians
- Beatified people
- Christian mystics
- Converts to Roman Catholicism from atheism or agnosticism
- Deaths by firearm in Algeria
- French Army officers
- French Roman Catholics
- People from Strasbourg
- People murdered in Algeria
- History of the Sahara
- Saint-Cyrians
- Trappists
