Daqing
Daqing
大庆 | |
|---|---|
| 大庆市 | |
| Wanda Plaza, Daqing Wanda Plaza, Daqing | |
 Daqing City (red) in Heilongjiang (orange) and China | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Heilongjiang |
| County-level divisions | 9 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Prefecture-level city |
| • CPC Daqing Secretary | Han Xuejian (韩学键) |
| • Mayor | Xia Lihua (夏立华) |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 22,161 km2 (8,556 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 5,500 km2 (2,100 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,265 km2 (1,261 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 149 m (489 ft) |
| Population (2010 census)[1] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 2,904,532 |
| • Density | 130/km2 (340/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,323,252 |
| • Urban density | 240/km2 (620/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,042,902 |
| • Metro density | 320/km2 (830/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 163000 |
| Area code | 0459 |
| Licence plates | 黑E |
| ISO 3166-2 | cn-23-06 |
| GDP (2010) | CNY 290.0 billion (35th) |
| - per capita | CNY 103,576 (5th) |
| Website | http://www.daqing.gov.cn/ |
Daqing (simplified Chinese: 大庆; traditional Chinese: 大慶; pinyin: Dàqìng; formerly spelled "Taching") (pronounced Da Tshing) is a prefecture-level city in the west of Heilongjiang province. The name literally means "Great Celebration". Daqing is known as the Oil Capital of China and has experienced a phenomenal boom since oil was discovered here in 1959.
Its population was 2,904,532 at the 2010 census, of whom 1,042,902 lived in the built-up area in 4 out of the total of 5 urban districts, ie (Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu and Honggang).[1]
History
The Daqing oil field was discovered in the late 1950s, and drilling began in 1958. Daqing was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the Daqing oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals. Since its foundation it has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry and healthcare by the Chinese government. The fact that Mao Zedong promulgated his Supreme Directive, In industry, learn from Daqing, in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China. The film Entrepreneurial Pioneers (Chinese: 创业), made in the early 1970s, is a literary rendition of the history of Daqing. During the Mao era, Daqing's agricultural counterpart was Dazhai, a village in the hilly Xiyang county, Shanxi Province, for which Chairman Mao issued the directive In agriculture, learn from Dazhai, also in the 1960s.
Administrative divisions
Daqing is divided into 9 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 1 autonomous county.
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Sartu District | 萨尔图区 | Sà'ěrtú Qū | 260,000 | 549 | 474 |
| 2 | Longfeng District | 龙凤区 | Lóngfèng Qū | 160,000 | 510 | 314 |
| 3 | Ranghulu District | 让胡路区 | Rànghúlù Qū | 380,000 | 1,394 | 273 |
| 4 | Datong District | 大同区 | Dàtóng Qū | 250,000 | 2,235 | 112 |
| 5 | Honggang District | 红岗区 | Hónggǎng Qū | 130,000 | 812 | 160 |
| 6 | Zhaozhou County | 肇州县 | Zhàozhōu Xiàn | 440,000 | 2,445 | 180 |
| 7 | Zhaoyuan County | 肇源县 | Zhàoyuán Xiàn | 450,000 | 4,198 | 107 |
| 8 | Lindian County | 林甸县 | Líndiàn Xiàn | 270,000 | 3,591 | 75 |
| 9 | Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County | 杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县 | Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn | 250,000 | 6,427 | 39 |
Demographics
Daqing has a population of 2.58 million, urban population 901,840 of them mainly Han Chinese, with a few population of other 31 minority ethnic groups including Manchu, Mongolian, Korean, and Hui nationalities. The population density is 112.69/km², urban population density 205.07/km².
Climate
Located in the north temperate zone, Daqing has a humid continental climate and is affected by the Siberian high and the East Asian monsoon. Generally, winter is bitterly cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. The yearly average temperature is 5.6 °C (42.1 °F) with a summer average of 22.0 °C (71.6 °F), and 2658.1 hours of sunshine. The vast majority of the annual rainfall occurs during summer. The diurnal temperature variation can be up to 14 °C (25 °F) during the growing period.
Economy
Daqing's economy highly depends on petroleum and related industries. Daqing's oilfield is China's largest oilfield, and the world's fourth most productive oil field. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2011, Daqing's Gross Domestic Product was RMB 374 billion yuan, representing a rise of 12.1% year on year. Primary industries output (including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and the fisheries) increased by 13.5 percent to RMB13.29 billion. Secondary and value-added industries and construction output experienced an increase of 10.1 percent, reaching RMB307 billion, while the tertiary industry output increased 22.9 percent to RMB53.74 billion.[2]
Foreign Trade
Daqing exports over 10 million tons of crude oil each year. Over 160 varieties of paraffin wax, ethylene, tar oil and benzene are exported to more than 10 nations and regions including the USA, the UK, Thailand and Hong Kong. In 2011, total import and export volume in Daqing reached US$2.16 billion, up by 40.1%.[2] Export volume was US$550 million and import volume was US$1.61 billion. Daqing's main exports include 6 categories of petrochemical products, construction materials, processed foodstuffs, office furniture and mechanical and electronic equipment. [3]
Banking and Insurance
There were 32 different banking institutions in Daqing by the end of 2006. However, no foreign-invested banks.[3] In 2011, savings deposits in Renminbi and foreign exchange totaled 170.5 billion RMB.[2] The local finance sector plays an important role in building up Daqing's Century Oilfield and in developing new industries.
The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Agricultural Bank, China Construction Bank, Bank of China, China Communications Bank, the Everbright Bank, Guangdong Development Bank, the Daqing Urban Commercial Bank, Daqing Rural Credit Cooperative Union and the County Urban Credit Cooperative are the major banks serving in Daqing.
Transportation
Railway
Daqing is located on the Harbin-Manzhouli Railway.
Airport
Daqing Sartu Airport was opened on 1 September 2009.[4] There are flights to several large cities including Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Qingdao and Shanghai.
Culture
Daqing spirit
Generated by the history of the city, Daqing has a culture centering around the Iron man spirit. It consists of patriotism, truth-seeking, entrepreneurial spirit and dedication. Wang Jinxi (known as 'Iron man' Wang, who led No. 1205 drilling team), a petroleum worker on the Daqing Oilfield, was honored as a national hero due to his contributions to the petroleum industry of China. Daqing was established by the central government as a model for the secondary industry during the 1960s. In order to illuminate the entrepreneurial history of Daqing and its people, several films was made by film companies in China.[5]
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Daqing is twinned with:
External links
- Daqing Government Website
- Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd.
- Daqing Petroleum Administrative Bureau
- Northeast Petroleum University
- Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation Institute
References
- ^ a b "Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China". Retrieved 26 July 2012.
- ^ a b c "2011年大庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报". 大庆市统计局. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
- ^ a b "Daqing Business Guide - Economic Overview". echinacities.com. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
- ^ 大庆萨尔图机场正式通航
- ^ Profiles of China Provinces, Cities and Industrial Parks
Heilongjiang topics | |
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| General | |
| Geography | |
| Education | |
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