Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily

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Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Empress and Archduchess consort of Austria
Queen consort of Hungary, Italy and Bohemia
Maria Theresa in 1790
Holy Roman Empress;
Queen consort of the Romans
Tenure 1 March 1792 – 2 March 1807
Spouse Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Issue
See issue link
Full name
Maria Teresa Carolina Giuseppina
House House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Father Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Mother Maria Carolina of Austria
Born 12 February 1768(1768-02-12)
Naples, Kingdom of Naples and Sicily
Died 13 April 1807 (aged 39)
Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria
Burial Imperial Crypt, Vienna, Austria

Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (6 June 1772 – 13 April 1807) was the eldest daughter of Ferdinand IV & III of Naples and Sicily (later Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies) (1751-1825) and his wife, Marie Caroline of Austria (1752-1814). She was the first Empress of Austria.

Contents

[edit] Biography

Born Maria Teresa, and named after her maternal grandmother Maria Theresa of Austria, she was the eldest of 17 children born to her parents, the King and Queen of Naples and Sicily. Her father was a son of Charles III of Spain and the Saxon princess Maria Amalia of Saxony. Through her mother she was a niece of Marie Antoinette; through her father she was a niece of Maria Luisa of Spain, Empress of Austria and Charles IV of Spain.

Other cousins with her grandmothers name were Maria Theresa of Austria (1767-1827) future Queen of Saxony; Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (1773-1832), future Queen of Sardinia; and the most famous Marie Thérèse de France (1778–1851), daughter of Marie Antoinette and titular Queen of France.

On 15 September 1790 she married her double first cousin Archduke Francis of Austria, who would later become Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, and then Emperor Francis I of Austria. From then on, she was addressed with the style of Imperial and Royal Highness.

The marriage is described as a happy one, despite that they were different in personality. She was described an easy going person with a sensual appearance. She loved masquerades and carnivals, and participated in all balls even when she was pregnant. She did have some political influence, as she was interested in politics.

She gave her husband advice and is believed to have been partially responsible for the dismissal of Johann Baptist Freiherr von Schloißnigg and Grafen Franz Colloredo; she was also critical of Napoleon and encouraged her husband to the wars against France.

An important patron of the Viennese musical life, she commissioned large amounts of music for official and private use. Joseph Haydn wrote his Te Deum for chorus and orchestra at her request. He also composed numerous masses to celebrate her rule. Her favourite composers included Paul Wranitzky (symphonies) and Joseph Leopold Eybler (church music).

[edit] Issue

Name Birth Death Notes
Archduchess Marie-Louise 12 December 1791 17 December 1847 married first Napoleon Bonaparte, had issue, married second Adam, Count of Neipperg, had issue, married third to Charles, Count of Bombelles, no issue
Ferdinand I of Austria 19 April 1793 29 June 1875 married Maria Anna, Princess of Sardinia, no issue
Archduchess Marie Caroline of Austria 8 June 1794 16 March 1795 died in childhood
Archduchess Caroline Ludovika 22 December 1795 30 June 1797 died in childhood
Archduchess Maria Leopoldina 22 January 1797 11 December 1826 married Pedro I of Brazil, had issue
Archduchess Maria Clementina 1 March 1798 3 September 1881 married her maternal uncle Leopold, Prince of Salerno, had issue
Archduke Joseph Franz Leopold 9 April 1799 30 June 1807 died some weeks after his mother in childhood
Archduchess Maria Caroline of Austria 8 April 1801 22 May 1832 married Crown Prince (later King) Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, no issue
Archduke Franz Karl 17 December 1802 8 March 1878 married Princess Sophie of Bavaria, had issue, inc. Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria 8 June 1804 28 December 1858 died unmarried
Archduke Johann Nepomuk 30 August 1805 19 February 1809 died in childhood
Archduchess Amalie Theresa 6 April 1807 9 April 1807 died in childhood

[edit] Ancestry

[edit] Titles, styles, honours and arms

[edit] Titles and styles

[edit] References

  • This article is based on its equivalent on German Wikipedia

[edit] Literature

  • Richard Reifenscheid, Die Habsburger in Lebensbildern, Piper 2006
  • John A. Rice, Empress Marie Therese and Music at the Viennese Court, 1792-1807, Cambridge 2003

[edit] Titles

Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Cadet branch of the House of Bourbon
Born: 6 June 1772 Died: 13 April 1807
German royalty
Preceded by
Maria Luisa of Spain		 Holy Roman Empress
1792 – 1806		 Holy Roman Empire
dissolved
German Queen
1792 – 1806		 Vacant
Title next held by
Augusta of Saxe-Weimar
as German Empress
Archduchess consort of Austria
1792 – 1807		 Succeeded by
Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia[1]
1790 – 1807
New title
Creation of Austrian Empire
 Empress consort of Austria
1804 – 1807
v • d • e
The Bourbons of Naples and Sicily
Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1738).svg
*NOTE: children born after 1816 (the union of Kingdoms) they were officially "HRH Prince/ess X of Naples and Sicily, Infante/a of Spain"; over time the style of Naples and Sicily wore off and Bourbon-Two-Sicilies or just the Two Sicilies prevailed;

[edit] External links

  1. ^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/216736/Francis-II
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