Mercedes-Benz W221
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| Manufacturer | Mercedes-Benz |
|---|---|
| Parent company | DaimlerChrysler (2006-07) Daimler AG (2008-present) |
| Production | 2006-present |
| Assembly | Sindelfingen, Germany |
| Predecessor | Mercedes-Benz W220 |
| Class | Full-size luxury car |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Platform | Front engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive |
| Engine(s) | 3.0L diesel 235 PS (173 kW) V6 3.5L 272 PS (200 kW) V6 |
| Transmission(s) | 7-speed G-Tronic automatic 5-speed G-Tronic automatic |
| Wheelbase | 3035 mm (119.5 in) LWB: 3165 mm (124.6 in) |
| Length | 2006-08 SWB: 5076 mm (199.8 in) 2009- SWB: 5079 mm (200 in) 2006-08 LWB: 5206 mm (205 in) 2009- LWB: 5209 mm (205.1 in) |
| Width | 2006-08: 1871 mm (73.7 in) 2009- 1872 mm (73.7 in) BlueHybrid: 83.3 in (2116 mm) |
| Height | 1473 mm (58 in) |
| Curb weight | from 1955 kg (4310 lb) [S320 CDI] to 2270 kg (5004 lb) [S65 AMG] |
The Mercedes-Benz W221 is a large luxury sedan built by Mercedes-Benz and is the largest of the saloon/sedan range under the Mercedes-Benz marque. It serves as the current model S-Class. Introduced at the IAA autoshow in Frankfurt in 2005, the W221 is the successor to the previous W220 S-Class. The W221 is slightly larger in all dimensions than the W220, with a longer wheelbase and more interior room. The W221 also features new interior and exterior styling and a number of technologies and features to improve safety, handling, and comfort.
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[edit] Styling
The W221 S-Class' exterior styling is distinctly different to the W220. The rear styling is similar to the E65 BMW 7 Series, and also the Mercedes-Benz Maybach - the larger saloon from Daimler AG's flagship brand, which was released the same year as the E65 BMW 7 Series, but presented to public four years before, in 1997.
Inside, the W221's interior is also significantly different from the preceding model. The interior features an instrument cluster shroud that also contains the navigation screen, with silver effect air vents below, and a square, analog clock within the vents. Below the vents are metal tab switches with a black field behind them, to control the HVAC system. On the center console, a silver effect control wheel for the COMAND system sits above a piece of wood, surrounded by metal buttons. Throughout the interior, many buttons are metal, with black fields above them denoting the switches' function.
[edit] 2009 Mid-Generational Refresh[1]
The 2009 W221 S-Class was announced on Apr 08, 2009 at Stuttgart. The minor model update includes a series of new features such as Adaptive Highbeam Assist , Night View Assist, which is now equipped with a special pedestrian detection function, Lane Keeping Assist, Speed Limit Assist, Active Body Control (ABC).
Adaptive Highbeam Assist This system detects vehicles with their lights on which are travelling towards or ahead of the car in which the system is fitted and controls the headlamps such as to ensure the largest possible range without dazzling other drivers.
Lane Keeping Assist is another system that "looks ahead" for even safer driving. The system's computer is able to recognise lane markings by evaluating the contrasting images of the road surface and the markings. If the vehicle leaves the lane identified by the Assist function unintentionally, the driver is warned by short vibrations of the steering wheel. Unlike conventional systems of this kind, the Mercedes system is able to evaluate the driver's activities as well, and can reliably ascertain whether the car is leaving its lane intentionally or not. There is therefore no warning if the driver accelerates before overtaking or joining a motorway, brakes heavily or enters a bend, for example.
Speed Limit Assist identifies speed limit signs in passing and shows the relevant speed limit in the central display (standard for S 600).
With the drowsiness detection system ATTENTION ASSIST, the 2009 S-Class has a very sensitive feel for the attention level of its driver, and warns him in good time when he becomes drowsy. This innovative technology continuously monitors more than 70 different parameters. Once the high-resolution steering angle sensor recognises the steering behaviour that typically indicates the onset of drowsiness, a warning signal is sounded and "ATTENTION ASSIST. Break!" appears in the instrument cluster.
Active Body Control (ABC) compensates crosswinds Mercedes-Benz developers have also added a crosswind stabilisation function (standard for S 600) to Active Body Control (ABC). For this purpose ABC uses the yaw rates and lateral acceleration sensors of the Electronic Stability Program ESP®to vary the wheel load distribution via the ABC spring struts, depending on the direction and intensity of the crosswind. This enables the effects of crosswinds to be compensated, or reduced to a minimum in the case of strong gusts.
Torque Vectoring Brake provides the 2009 S-Class with added safety in critical conditions and even greater agility by specifically braking the inner rear wheel in bends so as to enable precise cornering by the saloon without compromising on driving dynamics.
[edit] Models
As of 2008[update], the announced production W221 S-Class vehicles feature the following models and engine types (with all internal combustion engines being of DOHC 4-valve per cylinder design with the exception of the V12 models, which are SOHC 3-valve per cylinder engines):
| Years | Model | Engine type | Displacement | Fuel | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006–present | S 300 (Asia only) | V6 | 3.0 L | Gasoline | 231 PS (228 hp/170 kW) | 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) |
| S 300 BlueTecHYBRID | Turbo Diesel l4 |
2.2 L | Diesel + electric | 224 hp (165 kW[2]) | 414 ft·lbf (560 N·m) | |
| 2009- | S 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY | Turbo DieselV6 | 3.0 L | Diesel | 235 hp (173 kW ) | 398 ft·lbf (540 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 320 CDi | Turbo Diesel V6 | 3.0 L | Diesel | 231 PS (228 hp/170 kW) | 398 ft·lbf (540 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 350 | V6 | 3.5 L | Gasoline | 272 PS (268 hp/200 kW) | 258 ft·lbf (350 N·m) |
| 2009- | S 400 BlueHYBRID | V6 | 3.5 L | Gasoline + electric | 299hp/220 kW total, 15kW electric | 277 ft·lbf (375 N·m total[3]) |
| 2006–present | S 420 CDi | Turbo Diesel V8 | 4.0 L | Diesel | 315 PS (310 hp/230 kW) | 538 ft·lbf (730 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 450 | V8 | 4.5 L | Gasoline | 340 PS (335 hp/250 kW) | 339 ft·lbf (460 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 500 (S 550) | V8 | 5.5 L | Gasoline | 388 PS (382 hp/285 kW) | 391 ft·lbf (530 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 600 | BiTurbo V12 | 5.5 L | Gasoline | 517 PS (510 hp/380 kW) | 612 ft·lbf (830 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 63 AMG | V8 | 6.3 L | Gasoline | 525 PS (518 hp/386 kW) | 465 ft·lbf (630 N·m) |
| 2006–present | S 65 AMG | BiTurbo V12 | 6.0 L | Gasoline | 612 PS (604 hp/450 kW) | 738 ft·lbf (1000 N·m) |
[edit] Alternative propulsion
The Mercedes-Benz S400 BlueHybrid was presented in the Paris Auto Show. It is a mild hybrid and the first hybrid to be powered by a lithium-ion battery.
[edit] Features
[edit] Safety
The W221 S-Class continues its tradition of leadership in automotive safety. It contains a number of features designed to improve safety for the driver and passengers. Many of the features are evolutions of previous Mercedes developments, such as Brake Assist and Pre-Safe:
- Brake Assist Plus - an optional system designed to apportion brake pressure based on pedal speed and distance between the car and objects. This is an evolution of the Brake Assist system found on earlier models, and uses the vehicle's radar, in addition to the usual Brake Assist's monitoring of pedal depression speed, to apply power brake boost as required. This requires the optional adaptive cruise control's radar, so in vehicles not equipped with the latter, standard Brake Assist is substituted.
- Pre-Safe - a development of the previous Pre-Safe system fitted to the W220 S-Class, which uses vehicle-dynamic sensors to predict collisions, the W221's system also takes into account closing speed, as measured by the vehicle's radar. If a collision appears likely, Pre-Safe closes all windows and the sunroof, moves all passenger's seats and their head restraints to a safer position, and tightens the seatbelts.
- Electronic Stability Program (ESP) - similar to the systems fitted to other Mercedes vehicles, this system measures driver inputs and compares these to the vehicle's path. If these diverge, ESP brakes single wheels selectively to eliminate oversteer (fishtailing) and understeer (plowing), and reduces engine power, if necessary.
- Night View Assist - optional, uses two near-infrared (NIR) illuminators mounted in the headlamp clusters and a sensor in the windshield. The infrared beams are picked up by the sensor and an image is displayed in the instrument cluster. Mercedes-Benz claims that this system provides the same viewable distance as high-beam headlights, without blinding oncoming motorists.
The W221 also contains many standard Mercedes-pioneered safety features, including front and rear crumple zones, eight dual-stage air bags, seatbelt pre-tensioning devices, anti-lock brakes (ABS), collapsible steering column, and traction control.
[edit] Comfort and convenience
The W221 S-Class features a variety of technologies intended to reduce the driver's workload and make the ride smoother and more comfortable for passengers. Like the safety features, many of these items are evolutions of those fitted to earlier models:
- Airmatic DC - air suspension, similar to the system fitted to the W211 E-Class, uses air springs and adaptive electronic control to sense road and driving conditions and produce a firm or soft ride. The air suspension is only available for the smaller engines up to S 500. The S 600 and S 65 AMG are equipped with an active suspension system called Active Body Control, which is based on steel springs.
- Distronic Plus - optional, a development of the Distronic system fitted to earlier models. Uses more radar systems (long- and short-wave) and improved control logic to detect vehicles ahead and adjust the vehicle's speed to maintain a driver-set distance behind the car in front. The system has more authority over the vehicle than previous Distronic iterations, and can bring the vehicle to a complete stop if necessary, unlike the previous versions.
- Drive-Dynamic seats with massage - optional, an evolution of the system fitted to many other Mercedes models, uses air bladders in the seat bolsters to support the driver during cornering. Also, other air bladders provide a four-mode massage function to front-seat passengers.
- Heated and Active-Ventilated seats, with heating elements for warming the seats and small fans to keep the seats cool and draw perspiration away from occupants.
Standard features of the S550 include air conditioning w/dual-zone automatic climate controls, interior air filter, Tele Aid assistance system, navigation system w/voice recognition, power tilt/telescopic leather-wrapped steering wheel w/radio controls, cruise control, leather upholstery, heated 14-way power front seats w/lumbar adjustment, memory system, heated power mirrors w/driver-side automatic day/night, power sunroof, premium sound system, 6-disc CD changer, satellite radio, wireless cell phone link, universal garage door opener, automatic day/night rearview mirror, and power rear sunshade. The S63 adds on heated/ventilated and massaging multicountour front seats w/automatic body-securing side bolsters, keyless start, power side sunshades, and power trunk closing. The S65 and S600 add on night vision, heated wood/leather-wrapped steering wheel, adaptive cruise control, power panoramic sunroof, rear dual-zone automatic climate controls, 8-way power-adjustable heated/ventilated rear seats w/lumbar adjustment, alcantara headliner, and rearview camera. Options for less expensive S-Class models include night vision, power panorama sunroof, power side sunshades, heated steering wheel, upgraded leather upholstery, rearview camera, multicontour massaging front seats w/automatic body securing side bolsters, 8-way power adjustable heated/ventilated rear seats w/lumbar adjustment, rear dual-zone automatic climate controls, power trunk closing, and ventilated front seats.
[edit] Entertainment and other features
- harman/kardon Logic7 stereo sound system with 14 speakers, in-dash CD changer and PC Card slot
- Hard-drive based GPS satellite navigation system
- Revised COMAND navigation and radio control system, uses the dash-top display and a central knob to navigate menu choices and options. Most frequently-used functions (such as volume) can be controlled by dedicated switches.
- Fiber-optic ambient lighting for the dashboard, footwells, and other areas.
- Tele Aid, uses GPS tracking and cell phone service to provide assistance. Can be used for information, to call for roadside assistance, or to call for help in emergencies. Automatically calls for help if an air bag or seatbelt tensioner deploys.
- Cup holders
[edit] Drivetrain technologies
- Optional 4Matic all-wheel-drive with four-wheel electronic traction control.
- 7G-Tronic, Mercedes' 7-speed automatic transmission with two reverse gears, adaptive electronic control, switchable comfort and sport modes, and Touch Shift partial manual control. The transmission is controlled by a small stalk mounted on the steering column, rather than by the usual console-mounted lever. 7G-TRONIC is standard on all S-Class models except the S600 and S65 AMG, where a 5-speed automatic is used instead, as the 7G-TRONIC transmission cannot handle the torque these models produce.
- World's First lithium ion hybrid drive system in the S400 BlueHYBRID. Using the same 3.5 litre engine found in the S350, the S400 uses an additional lithium ion battery to drive the car wheels at lower speeds.
[edit] Special variants
Mercedes-Benz's high-performance firm, AMG, produces two variants of the W221 S-Class. One of the variants is the S65 AMG, which features restyled front and rear bumpers and rocker panels, larger wheels, brakes, and tires, four exhaust pipes, modified and reprogrammed suspension for sport biased handling, and various interior changes. The S65 also features the M275 6.0 litre, biturbo V12 engine, which is an AMG-modified version of the V12 fitted to the S600 and Maybach. In the S65, the engine produces 612 hp (622 PS/450 kW) and 730 pound-feet (1000 Nm) of torque. The transmission is a heavily reinforced 5-speed automatic.
The second AMG model is the S63 AMG. This variant includes similar modifications as the S65 AMG, but will use AMG's current naturally aspirated M156 6.2 litre V8 engine, which develops 525 bhp (391 kW) and 465 pound-feet (630 Nm) of torque. The engine will power the S63 through the 7G-TRONIC 7-speed transmission, with AMG-programmed electronic control.
Other special variants of this model include those used by government officials in many countries. For example both the President of Ireland and the Taoiseach (Prime Minister) are driven in these types of vehicles. The President's State car is adapted with flag carriers on each front fender.
There are also Guard versions of this car, which are designed to survive attacks by gunfire and RPG's.
[edit] Concepts
Mercedes-Benz also built a S 300 BLUETEC HYBRID, which was powered by 2.2L 4-cylinder diesel engine with electric motor. It develops a combined system output of 165 kW / 224 hp and a maximum torque of 560 Nm, with fuel consumption of 5.4 litres of diesel per 100 kilometres. The car was first unveiled in Frankfurt Auto Show[4].
The car was estimated to go on sale in Europe in 2010, and would cost $80,000[5].
[edit] Mercedes-Benz Ocean Drive
On December 20, 2006, Mercedes unveiled pictures of the Ocean Drive concept slated for debut at the Detroit Motor Show on January 2007. Based on the V12-powered, long-wheelbase S 600 sedan, the car is built on a roofless W221 S-Class. The vehicle features an oversized grille, redesigned LED headlights and restyled trunk/LED taillamp design, a revised air dam, restyled flanks without the wheelhouse bulges, door handles that fit flush into the bodywork and Mercedes-Benz neck-warming technology called AIRSCARF. The car also contains pillarless windows that provide an unobstructed view for occupants when the large soft top is down.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mercedes-Benz W221 |
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