List of Mario franchise characters: Difference between revisions

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A selection of Mario characters: Goomba, Koopa Paratroopa, Wario, Daisy, Toad, Donkey Kong, Peach, Mario, Bowser, Luigi, Yoshi, Rosalina, Waluigi, Boo, and Koopa Troopa

The Mario franchise is a video game series by Nintendo. Nintendo is usually the developer and publisher of the franchise, but various series are developed by third-party companies, such as Hudson Soft and Intelligent Systems. Games in the Mario franchise primarily revolve around the protagonist Mario and often involve the trope of Bowser as the antagonist kidnapping Princess Peach, with Mario then rescuing her. Many characters have goals or plot arcs that vary between series; for example, the Luigi's Mansion games focus on Luigi ridding a haunted building of ghosts, and Wario stars in games that center around his greed and desire for money and treasure.

The characters began with Donkey Kong in July 1981, where Mario, Donkey Kong, and Pauline originated. Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto built them off the base of characters from Popeye. Unable to license the characters, Miyamoto made later changes to their appearances and personalities, such as a more lighthearted in tone. Due to the breakthrough critical and commercial success of Donkey Kong, Mario reappeared in Mario Bros. in 1983 and Super Mario Bros. in 1985. Mario Bros. introduced Mario's fraternal twin Luigi, and Super Mario Bros. introduced Toad alongside numerous enemies, with Bowser and Princess Peach replacing Donkey Kong and Pauline.

Each series has introduced numerous characters, many recurring. Some have starred in their own games or in supporting roles. The games all typically share common enemies.

Primary protagonists

Mario

Mario^[a] (voiced by Charles Martinet) is the mascot of the Mario franchise and Nintendo as a whole. He originally appeared in 1981's Donkey Kong as "Jumpman", designed by Shigeru Miyamoto.^[1] While Mario was initially a carpenter, he later took the role of a plumber.^[2] Since 1992, Mario has been voiced by Charles Martinet.^[3] In most of his appearances, Mario rescues a damsel in distress (typically Princess Peach) from an antagonist (typically Bowser).^[4] Mario's younger brother is Luigi,^[5] and his greedy rival is Wario.^[6] Yoshi serves as Mario's steed in several games, including Super Mario World.^[7] Since his introduction, Mario's abilities include jumping, such as onto an enemy's head as an attack.^[1] Mario uses power-ups, such as the Super Mushroom (which allows him to grow larger and survive an additional hit), the Super Star (which grants him temporary invincibility), and the Fire Flower (which allows him to throw fireballs).^[1] Several power-ups grant Mario the ability to fly, such as the Super Leaf from Super Mario Bros. 3.^[8] According to Guiness World Records, Mario is the second most recognizable video game character after Pac-Man.^[9] Mario has seen numerous cultural appearances, such as during the closing ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics, where Japanese prime minister Shinzō Abe appeared dressed as the character.^[10]

Luigi

Luigi^[b] (voiced by Charles Martinet) is the younger brother of Mario,^[5] who Luigi feels a sense of envy and reverence towards.^[11] In the 1983 game Mario Bros., Luigi was introduced as the second player character, with many similarities to Mario.^[12] While he was initially identical to Mario, he began developing differences in Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels (1986), which gave him a higher and further jump at the expense of responsiveness and precision.^[13] In the North American version of Super Mario Bros. 2 (1988), Luigi was given a taller and thinner appearance than Mario, which played a key role in shaping his modern appearance.^[1]^[11] Luigi's first starring role was in 1993's Mario Is Missing!, though he played only minor roles in subsequent games until 2001 with Luigi's Mansion, where he plays the role of a frightened, unsure, and goofy protagonist attempting to save his brother.^[11] The Year of Luigi was celebrated in 2013, which saw many Luigi games released to commemorate the character's 30th anniversary.^[14]

Toad

Toad^[c] (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is an anthropomorphic mushroom-like character.^[15] The character debuted in Super Mario Bros. (1985),^[16] though his first starring role was in Wario's Woods (1994), in which the player is able to control Toad to solve puzzles.^[17] Toad made his playable debut in a main series Mario game in 1988 with Super Mario Bros. 2, and frequently acts as a non-playable character in Mario role-playing games. The character is a member of the eponymous Toad species, which includes characters such as Captain Toad, Toadette, and Toadsworth.^[16] Keegan-Michael Key voices Toad in The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023).^[18]

Toadette

Toadette^[d] (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is a pink Toad girl character who debuted in Mario Kart: Double Dash!! (2003) as a playable driver. Toadette is depicted with two long round pigtails braids and a dress, to distinguish from Toad. Since Super Mario Odyssey, Toadette is a member of the Toad Brigade and has the role of an archivist.^[19] Depending on the game, she is either a supporting character or a protagonist, playable in most of the Mario spin-off games.^{[citation needed]} In New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe, gameplay allows Toadette to transform into Peachette, a form that highly resembles Princess Peach, with her power-up called the Super Crown.^{[citation needed]} As Peachette, she can use Peach's floating jump to hover, and can perform a double jump.^{[citation needed]}

Princess Peach

Princess Peach Toadstool^[e] (voiced by Samantha Kelly), is the princess of the Mario franchise's Mushroom Kingdom. In the main series games, she typically plays the role of a damsel in distress who needs to be rescued by Mario.^[20]^[21] When playable, she typically has the ability to float in the air, and is physically taller than Mario.^[21] Her first playable appearance in a main series Mario game was 1988's Super Mario Bros. 2, while her second was 2013's Super Mario 3D World.^[22] Peach played a starring role in Super Princess Peach (2005), where she aims to rescue Mario, Luigi, and Toad,^[20] aided by a parasol named Perry and several abilities based on her emotions–or "vibes".^[23] She makes frequent appearances in spin-off Mario games, such as the Mario Kart series and the Mario sports games. In the 2017 game Super Mario Odyssey, after being captured by and forced to marry Bowser, and subsequently rescued by Mario, she rejects both of them and instead takes a trip around the world.^[21]

Princess Daisy

Princess Daisy^[f] (voiced by Deanna Mustard) is the princess of Sarasaland, the setting of Super Mario Land (1989).^[24] Since then, she has primarily appeared as a playable character in spin-off Mario games, especially Mario sports games.^[25] Super Mario Run (2016) marks Daisy's playable debut in a main series game, where she is able to perform a double jump.^[26] She acts more tomboyish than Princess Peach, exemplified by her appearances in the Mario sports games. Some consider her and Luigi to be a couple, despite Daisy typically being rescued by Mario.^[27]

Rosalina

Rosalina^[g] (voiced by Laura Faye Smith) is a princess character introduced in 2007's Super Mario Galaxy. As a child who fled into space after grieving her mother's death, she becomes the adoptive mother of the Lumas — mysterious and friendly star-like creatures that inhabit space in the Mario franchise.^[21] She resides in the Cosmet Observatory, a starship used to traverse the Mario universe.^[28] In later appearances, she typically takes the role of a supporting character, and primarily appears in spin-off games such as the Mario sports games, Mario Kart series, and Super Smash Bros. series. In Super Mario 3D World (2013), she is a playable character, and is unlocked through gameplay.^[21]

Captain Toad

Captain Toad^[h] (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is an explorer and the leader of the Toad Brigade, debuting in Super Mario Galaxy. Appearances include Super Mario Galaxy 2 or Super Mario Odyssey, and as a "treasure tracker".^[29] He makes several cameos within Super Smash Bros. and debuted in the Mario Kart series in Mario Kart Tour as a playable racer.^{[citation needed]} He is the main protagonist in the subset of levels in Super Mario 3D World called Captain Toad's Adventures, and in the game Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker.^[30]^[29]

Yoshi

Yoshi^[i] (English: /ˈjoʊʃi, ˈjɒʃi/, once Romanized as Yossy; voiced by Kazumi Totaka) is a green anthropomorphic dinosaur character. He is depicted with a long tongue that can be used to eat enemies, and can turn the enemies he eats into eggs that can be thrown.^[31] Yoshi is a rideable character for the heroes or a playable character in most of the Mario spin-offs, including his own series.^[32]

Birdo

Birdo, also known as Birdette, and known in Japan as Catherine^[j], (voiced by Kazumi Totaka) is depicted as a pink, anthropomorphic creature who wears a red bow on her head, and has a round mouth that can fire eggs as projectiles.^[33] Birdo first appeared in Super Mario Bros. 2 as a recurring boss character.^[34] Since then, she has been a recurring playable character in various franchise spin-offs. Birdo has been referred to as a "man who thinks of himself as female" in earlier depictions, such as in the Japanese manual for the early prototype game Doki Doki Panic, and was considered female in later games. It is heavily speculated that Birdo is transgender; she was considered to be one of the first ever transgender video game characters.^[35]^[36]^[37]

Pauline

Pauline^[k] (voiced by Kate Higgins) debuted in Donkey Kong (1981),^[38] and is further featured in Donkey Kong (1994) for Game Boy,^[39] and the Mario vs. Donkey Kong series. She was created by Shigeru Miyamoto, is the earliest example of a female with a speaking role in a video game, and is cited as a famous example of a damsel in distress in fiction.^[40]^[41]^[42] She is the mayor of New Donk City in Super Mario Odyssey.^[43]

Kong family

Donkey Kong

Donkey Kong^[l] (voiced by Takashi Nagasako) is a male gorilla that stars in the Donkey Kong franchise. He the leader of the Kong Family, a group of various primates.^[44]

Diddy Kong

Diddy Kong^[m] (Diddy) (voiced by Katsumi Suzuki) is an anthropomorphic monkey character who is Donkey Kong's nephew, sidekick, and best friend, appearing in the Donkey Kong and Mario franchises.^[45] He is the main protagonist of Diddy Kong Racing and its DS remake.^[46] He is depicted as a cheerful and kind character. Created by Rare, the name Diddy is a British term meaning "little".^[47]

Cranky Kong

Cranky Kong^[n] is an older Kong. His first appearance was in 1981's Donkey Kong, where, as the game's antagonist, he kidnapped Pauline, though he was stopped by Mario.^[48]

Other supporting characters

Poochy

Poochy^[o] is portrayed as Yoshi's helper dog. He debuted in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island and continued through the Yoshi series such as in Poochy & Yoshi's Woolly World.^{[citation needed]} In the games, he can do things that Yoshi cannot, such as sniff out hidden items, cross over dangerous terrain, and jump over walls to give Yoshi a boost out of his wall jumps.^{[citation needed]}

Professor E. Gadd

Professor Elvin Gadd^[p] (voiced by Kazumi Totaka), more commonly known as Professor E. Gadd, is a scientist and inventor. He primarily appears in the Luigi's Mansion series, in which he invented several objects, such as Luigi's Poltergust 3000 and Gooigi from Luigi's Mansion 3.^[49] He is referenced in Super Mario Sunshine as the inventor of Mario's F.L.U.D.D., a device that allows him to spray water.^[50] The character has made cameo appearances in series such as Mario Party and Mario & Luigi.^[50]

Toadsworth

Toadsworth^[q] (voiced by Scott Burns)^[51]^[52] is an elderly Toad character who is Princess Peach's steward. He is depicted showing concern for the princess' safety and acts as a prime caretaker for the Toads.^{[citation needed]} He debuted in Super Mario Sunshine for GameCube, in which he goes on vacation with Mario, Peach and the other Toads.^{[citation needed]} In Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time, he is revealed to have cared for the princess since she was a baby.^{[citation needed]}

Lumas

The Lumas are depicted as friendly star-like creatures. They first appear in Super Mario Galaxy, where they have the ability to transform into various game objects, explorable planetoids, and entire levels.^{[citation needed]} Lumas come in a variety of colors, though are most commonly yellow.^{[citation needed]} One particular Luma, Baby Luma, or Young Master Luma, is a major character in the Super Mario Galaxy games, granting Mario or Luigi the power to Star Spin.^{[citation needed]}

Nabbit

Nabbit is a character introduced in New Super Mario Bros. U (2012).^[53]

Antagonists

Bowser

Bowser^[r] or King Koopa (voiced by Kenneth W. James) is the king of the turtle-like Koopa race,^[54] a selfish troublemaker who wants to take over the Mushroom Kingdom.^{[citation needed]} He is depicted as Mario's nemesis, and is the final boss of most Mario games.^{[citation needed]} He is playable in all Mario spin-off games.^{[citation needed]}

Dry Bowser^[s] is a recurring antagonist in the Mario series. Debuting as a form of Bowser after losing his flesh in New Super Mario Bros., the character has appeared as his own being starting with Mario Kart Wii, often serving as the final antagonist in the main games.^{[citation needed]} Dry Bowser appears in Mario Party: Island Tour, and is a playable character in several of the Mario spin-off games.^{[citation needed]}

Bowser Jr.

Bowser Jr. (known as Koopa Jr.^[t] in Japan; voiced by Caety Sagoian), or sometimes simply Jr. or Junior, is the son of Bowser, who first appeared in the 2002 game Super Mario Sunshine.^{[citation needed]} He is often depicted as the secondary antagonist throughout the Mario series.^{[citation needed]} In the games, Bowser Jr. looks up to his dad, and shares his ambition to defeat Mario, and take over the Mushroom Kingdom.^{[citation needed]} Bowser Jr. is playable in most of the spin-off Mario games, and in Super Smash Bros.^{[citation needed]} He is the main protagonist of Bowser Jr.'s Journey (2018) included in the remake of Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story.^{[citation needed]}

Wario

Wario^[u] (English: /ˈwɑːrioʊ, ˈwær-/; voiced by Charles Martinet) is an obese yet muscular, hot-tempered, and greedy man. He is Mario's yellow-and-purple clad arch-rival.^{[citation needed]} He initially debuted as an antagonist, but over the years has become an anti-hero, even being playable in a few games.^{[citation needed]} Wario is the protagonist of the Wario series and is playable in most of the Mario spin-off games where he is shown to be Waluigi's partner.^{[citation needed]} His name is portmanteau of "warui", the Japanese word for "bad", and "Mario".^{[citation needed]} Wario's favorite food is garlic, often used in gameplay to restore health when he gets defeated.^{[citation needed]}

Waluigi

Waluigi^[v] (English: /ˌwɑːluˈiːdʒi/; voiced by Charles Martinet) is a tall, thin, and mischievous man who was introduced in Mario Tennis as Wario's partner. He is Luigi's black-and-purple clad arch-rival.^{[citation needed]} Waluigi is often an antagonist who teams up with Wario to accomplish their schemes.^{[citation needed]} He is playable in most of the Mario spin-off games, and makes several cameos within the Super Smash Bros. series.^{[citation needed]} Like with Wario, his name is a portmanteau of "warui" and "Luigi".^{[citation needed]}

Koopalings

The Koopalings^[w] are seven siblings who first appeared as boss characters in the 1988 game Super Mario Bros. 3.^{[citation needed]} Their individual names are Ludwig, Lemmy, Roy, Iggy, Wendy, Morton, and Larry.^{[citation needed]} They were originally depicted as the children of the series antagonist Bowser, and later referred to as his minions.^{[citation needed]} They have since appeared in subsequent Super Mario games, spin-off Mario games, and the Super Smash Bros. series.^{[citation needed]}

Kamek

Kamek^[x] (English: /kəˈmɛk, ˈkæmɪk/; voiced by Atsushi Masaki) is a member of the fictional Magikoopa species who is Bowser's childhood caretaker, and then one of his high-ranking minions.^{[citation needed]} Kamek is the main antagonist of the Yoshi series.^{[citation needed]} In his various game appearances, his magic includes self-duplication, teleportation, shooting magical blasts, and changing the size of other creatures.^{[citation needed]} He is often distinguished from other Magikoopas by the broom he rides on.^{[citation needed]} In Japan, his species is also named Kamek, but outside Japan they are called Magikoopas.^{[citation needed]} This will sometimes lead to a literal translation, as in Super Princess Peach where a boss is described as "A Kamek made huge by magic".^{[citation needed]} Some Japanese sources such as the guide for Super Mario Advance 3: Yoshi's Island call him "Fang" to distinguish him from regular Magikoopas.^{[citation needed]}

King Boo

King Boo^[y] (voiced by Toru Asakawa) is the king of the Boos, and is the main antagonist of the Luigi's Mansion series.^{[citation needed]} He plays minor roles, occasionally playable, in various other Mario games, including the Mario Kart and Mario Party series.^{[citation needed]} King Boo's first major debuted role was as the final boss of Luigi's Mansion, where he disguised himself as Bowser.^{[citation needed]} He is depicted as much larger than the average Boos that appear in games after Luigi's Mansion.^{[citation needed]} He dons a crown with a large ruby, and has glowing, sunken eyes in the Luigi's Mansion franchise.^{[citation needed]} A similar character named Big Boo is an enemy in Super Mario World, and a boss in Super Mario 64 DS.^{[citation needed]} Additionally, a different character also named King Boo, known as Boss Boo in Japan, appears as a boss in Super Mario Sunshine.^{[citation needed]}

Petey Piranha

Petey Piranha, known as Boss Pakkun^[z] in Japan,^[55] (voiced by Toru Minegishi) is a large, powerful Piranha Plant character. Whereas normal Piranha Plants are usually depicted growing from pipes, Petey's leaves and roots are foot-like and arm-like appendages, allowing the character to use objects such as tennis rackets and golf clubs when playable in the various Mario sports games.^{[citation needed]} He can sometimes use his leaves to fly around. He debuted as the primary boss of Bianco Hills in the game Super Mario Sunshine.^{[citation needed]} Similar Piranha Plant boss characters later appear in Super Mario Galaxy and its sequel.^[56]

Fawful

Fawful^[aa] (voiced by Nami Funashima), known in Japan as Gerakobits, is a recurring antagonist in the Mario & Luigi series.^[57] The character is considered to be "insane," and speaks in a "schizophasic" manner.^[58]^[59] He served as the secondary antagonist of Superstar Saga, and the main antagonist of Bowser's Inside Story.^[60]

Enemy characters

Angry Sun - A sentient sun that swoops down at the player character. A moon variant of this enemy appears in Super Mario Maker 2, which defeats all enemies when touched.^{[citation needed]}
Blooper - A sentry-like squid that chases after the player, debuting in Super Mario Bros. Blooper Nannies thrust smaller versions of themselves toward the player.^[61]
Bob-omb - A bomb enemy introduced in Super Mario Bros. 2 with a wind-up key and a fuse, which explodes after a set amount of time or when thrown. King Bob-omb, previously Big Bob-omb, was introduced in Super Mario 64,^[62] as a boss character there and in Mario Party 9, Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, and Mario Party: Star Rush.^{[citation needed]}
Boo - A spherical ghost enemy introduced in Super Mario Bros. 3, which sneaks up on the player from behind while they are facing away from it. Inspired by a rage that Takashi Tezuka's wife went into after he came home from work late.^[63]
Bullet Bill - A bullet with angry eyes and clenched fists that is shot out of a cannon called a "Bill Blaster". They have a larger counterpart with a shark-like face, known as Banzai Bills.^[61]
Chain Chomp - A metallic ball-and-chain creature that lunges at the player when they approach it. Inspired by a childhood experience of Shigeru Miyamoto's with a violent dog.^[64]
Cheep Cheep - This circular, usually red, fish debuted in Super Mario Bros. Cheep Cheeps are found primarily in the water, but some can jump in an arc, or fly within a limited range.^{[citation needed]} Giant varieties attempt to swallow the player, such as Boss Bass, Big Bass, and Big Bertha. Porcupuffers are giants with spiked backs.^{[citation needed]} Fish Bones are skeletons charging at the player and breaking apart upon a wall collision.^{[citation needed]}
Dry Bones - A walking Koopa Troopa skeleton that reassembles itself after being hit, unless defeated by a Super Star, a Cape Feather, Super Leaf, or an Ice Flower.^[61]
Fuzzy - A spiked creature which hangs in the air, and sometimes moves on trail. It debuted in Super Mario World.^{[citation needed]}
Goomba - A sentient mushroom creature, which is the first enemy that the player typically encounters in the games' first levels. Implemented late in the development of Super Mario Bros as a basic, easy enemy.^[65] Variants of the Goomba may have wings, known as the Paragoomba, and similar creatures include the Galoomba, which flips over and can be thrown when stomped on, and the Goombrat, which turns at edges.^[66]
Hammer Bro - A type of helmet-wearing Koopa who throws hammers at the player.^[67] It has several variations that throw other projectiles, such as the Boomerang Bro and the Fire Bro, and a bigger variant known as a Sledge Bro which can stun the player.^[61]
Koopa Troopa - A foot soldier of Bowser. It retracts in its shell when stomped on, after which it can be used to attack other foes.^[61] Variants of the Koopa may have wings, where it is known as the Paratroopa or the Koopa Paratroopa. There are many other varieties of the Koopa Troopa such as red, yellow, and blue. Several other subspecies appear throughout the Mario games.^[68]
- Buzzy Beetle - A black or blue beetle-like creature with a hard, fireproof shell that renders it immune to fire attacks. It can crawl on ceilings and drop down when the player gets too close.^[68]
- Chargin' Chuck - A Koopa wearing football gear that mostly charges at the player, and can use items such as baseballs and shovels.^[68]
- Mechakoopa - A robot with a wind-up key that becomes disabled and can be thrown after being stomped on. A variant introduced in Super Mario Galaxy is capable of breathing fire.^[68]
- Spike Top - A red wall-crawling beetle-like creature which combines the Buzzy Beetle's immunity to fire and the Spiny's immunity to being jumped on, although it can be spin-jumped on.^[68]
- Spiny - A red beetle-like creature that damages the player if touched from above. They are often thrown by Lakitus in unlimited supplies.^[68]
Lakitu - A cloud-riding Koopa with aviator goggles that drops an endless supply of Spinies.^[61]^[69] It also appears in Mario spin-off games with various roles including Mario Kart.^[70]
Magikoopa - A wizard Koopa capable of casting magic spells, turning blocks into foes, power-ups, or coins. Magikoopas first appeared in Super Mario World.^[61] Kamek and Kammy Koopa are recurring individuals of this species, appearing in the Yoshi and Paper Mario series, respectively.^{[citation needed]}
Monty Mole - A mole-like enemy that burrows underground, and springs out of the ground when the player gets close.^{[citation needed]} A similar enemy known as the Rocky Wrench pops out of airship manholes and throws wrenches at the player.^{[citation needed]}
Piranha Plant - A leafy, stalk-topped carnivorous plant with sharp teeth that typically lives within pipes.^[61] Known as Pakkun Flower in Japan, it has made numerous appearances outside of the Mario franchise, including as a playable character in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate via downloadable content.^[71]
Podoboo^[72]^[73] - A fireball that jumps out of lava and can bounce off walls.^{[citation needed]} It is also referred to as a Lava Bubble (a name shared with other lava based enemies).^{[citation needed]} A Blue Podoboo homes in on the player and jumps out of blue lava and is found in Super Princess Peach, and a variant of the Lava Bubble that chases after the player and spits fireballs appears mainly in the Paper Mario games.^{[citation needed]}
Pokey - A spiked cactus with detachable green or yellow body segments, which first appeared in the international Super Mario Bros. 2.^[61]
Shy Guy - A timid masked creature wearing a robe, which comes in many different colors and variations. Introduced in the international Super Mario Bros. 2, but more commonly portrayed as an enemy to Yoshi since Yoshi's Island. Some variants include the Snifit, a Shy Guy with a cannon on its mask which it uses to fire bullets, and the Fly Guy, a Shy Guy with a propeller on its head that can fly.^[61] Voiced by Nintendo of America localization manager Nate Bihldorff.^[74]
Spike - A green Koopa creature that attacks with spiked balls, which it throws out of its mouth. First appeared in Super Mario Bros. 3.^[61]
Thwomp - A large stone block with an angry face that is mainly encountered in castles. It attempts to crush the player, usually from above. There is a smaller variation of the Thwomp called a Thwimp.^{[citation needed]}
Whomp - An anthropomorphic stone slab that slams its face on the ground when the player gets near. It can only be defeated by ground pounding its back. Inspired by the Japanese mythical wall monster, the nurikabe.^{[citation needed]}
Wiggler - A caterpillar enemy introduced in Super Mario World, which changes color and charges at the player when stomped on. It is a playable character in Mario Kart 7. Some Wigglers, known as Flutters, have butterfly wings.^[61]

Notes

^ Japanese: マリオ, Hepburn: Mario, pronounced [maɾi.o]; English: /ˈmɑːrioʊ, ˈmær-/, Italian: [ˈmaːrjo]
^ Japanese: ルイージ, Hepburn: Ruīji, [ɾɯiꜜːʑi], English: /luˈiːdʒi/, Italian: [luˈiːdʒi]
^ Japanese: キノピオ, Hepburn: Kinopio
^ Japanese: キノピコ, Hepburn: Kinopiko
^ Japanese: ピーチ姫, Hepburn: Pīchi-hime, [piːtɕiꜜ çime]
^ Japanese: デイジー姫, Hepburn: Deijī-hime, [deːʑiꜜː çime]
^ Japanese: ロゼッタ, Hepburn: Rosetta
^ Japanese: キノピオ隊長, Hepburn: Kinopio Taichō
^ Japanese: ヨッシー, Hepburn: Yosshī, [joꜜɕɕiː]
^ Japanese: キャサリン, Hepburn: Kyasarin
^ Japanese: ポリーン, Hepburn: Porīn
^ Japanese: ドンキーコング, Hepburn: Donkī Kongu
^ Japanese: ディディーコング, Hepburn: Didī Kongu
^ Japanese: クランキーコング, Hepburn: Kurankī Kongu
^ Japanese: ポチ, Hepburn: Pochi
^ Japanese: オヤ・マー博士, Hepburn: Oya Mā Hakase, known in Japan as Professor Oya Mā
^ Japanese: キノじい, Hepburn: Kinojī
^ Japanese: クッパ, Hepburn: Kuppa
^ Japanese: ほねクッパ, Hepburn: Hone Kuppa
^ Japanese: クッパＪｒ., Hepburn: Kuppa Junia
^ Japanese: ワリオ, Hepburn: Wario, [waꜜɾio]
^ Japanese: ワルイージ, Hepburn: Waruīji, [waɾɯiꜜːʑi]
^ Japanese: コクッパ, Hepburn: Kokuppa
^ Japanese: カメック, Hepburn: Kamekku
^ Japanese: キングテレサ, Hepburn: Kingu Teresa
^ Japanese: ボスパックン, Hepburn: Bosu Pakkun
^ Japanese: ゲラコビッツ, Hepburn: Gerakobittsu

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^ Fenlon, Wesley (December 2, 2008). "Born for Wii: Wario's Woods (page 2)". Engadget. Yahoo! Inc. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
^ Welsh, Oli (October 14, 2022). "Evidence mounts that the Mario movie is a musical: Toad sings too". Polygon. Vox Media. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
^ Reseigh-Lincoln, Dom (February 22, 2018). "Super Mario Odyssey - Talk to Toad at the Castle, Archivist Toadette achievements and what to do in Super Mario Odyssey's end game". Eurogamer. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Knorr, Alyse (November 14, 2018). "How Princess Peach's Story Draws On 2000 Years Of Women In Peril". Kotaku. Univision Communications. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sholars, Mike (January 1, 2021). "Princess Peach Floated So Rosalina Could Fly". Kotaku Australia. G/O Media. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ Riendeau, Danielle (June 12, 2013). "Nintendo thinking on a different frequency with playable Princess Peach". Polygon. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ Harris, Craig (February 23, 2006). "Super Princess Peach". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ Walker, Ian (February 10, 2022). "Daisy Is The Only Super Mario Girl With Teeth, Apparently". Kotaku. G/O Media. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
^ Notis, Ari (May 13, 2022). "The Princess Daisy Fandom Is Ready To Riot Against Mario Strikers". Kotaku Australia. G/O Media. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
^ Osborn, Alex (September 23, 2017). "Super Mario Run Update Will Add Daisy, New World, New Mode". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 23, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
^ Saul, Louise (October 15, 2022). "10 Top Mario Cosplays - From Plumbers To Princesses". Nintendo Life. Hookshot Media. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
^ Brown, Andrew (October 7, 2013). "Major Details About Super Mario 3D World's...World Secretly Revealed". Nintendo World Report. Archived from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
^ ^a ^b McWhertor, Michael (August 7, 2018). "Where Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker came from". Polygon. Retrieved April 29, 2020. "I really just want to make him someone that loves treasure and you can feel that from him", Hiratake said. "I think honestly Captain Toad is someone that doesn't really care what's going on, but when he sees treasure he's like, 'I want it!'. "You know, I do question his loyalty to the Mushroom Kingdom a little bit. I think of him like a crow that loves shiny things or a moth to a flame. He just loves treasure so much that he can't think about anything else — he's just so happy finding treasure."—Game director Shinya Hiratake
^ "Two Ideas You May Not Have Seen in Super Mario 3D World". IGN. October 24, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
^ "A Brief History of... Yoshi". Official Nintendo Magazine (47). Nintendo: 81–83. 2012. ISSN 1836-4276.
^ "IGN: Yoshi (Virtual Console) Review". August 9, 2007. Archived from the original on August 9, 2007. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
^ "The Top 10 Worst Mario Characters". GameDaily. November 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 3, 2007. Retrieved October 16, 2009.
^ "What Happens When You Beat Mario Advance (Part 1)". IGN. March 23, 2001. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved October 16, 2009.
^ Robbins, M. Brandon (September 15, 2017), "Diversity in Gaming", Library Journal, vol. 142, p. 51
^ Owens, Cassie (September 25, 2018), "Temple prof co-curates first exhibit on LGBTQ video game history", Philadelphia Inquirer
^ Shaw, Adrienne; Friesem, Elizaveta (2016), "Where is the Queerness in Games? Types of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Content in Digital Games", International Journal of Communication, vol. 10, pp. 3877–3889
^ "Donkey Kong". IGN. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
^ "Donkey Kong". IGN. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
^ Ray, Sheri Graner (2004). Gender inclusive game design ... - Google Books. ISBN 978-1-58450-239-5. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
^ Text technology: the journal of ... - Google Books. September 9, 2008. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
^ Lind, Rebecca Ann (September 3, 2009). Race, gender, media: considering ... - Google Books. ISBN 978-0-205-34419-2. Retrieved April 8, 2010.
^ Alexander, Julia (June 14, 2017). "Super Mario Odyssey producer explains why Pauline has returned". Polygon. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017.
^ "Now You're Playing With Power: Top 25 Nintendo Characters of All Time". GameDaily. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008. Retrieved August 9, 2009.
^ Bayliss, Kevin (January 30, 2019). "I think we actually 'pencilled him in' as a Spider Monkey because we wanted the tail to be his main tool when climbing around. But, let's just say he's a monkey. Or a chimpney". Twitter. Archived from the original on October 10, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.
^ "Nintendo Says Diddy Makes History - N64 News at IGN". Ign64.ign.com. December 8, 1997. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Retro Gamer, Vol. #43
^
Mikkelson, David (May 13, 2011) [25 February 2001]. "Was the Name 'Donkey Kong' the Result of a Mistranslation?". Snopes. Retrieved June 8, 2022. Citing in part:
- "Tom Chick at the Miyamoto Interview". Quarter to Three. n.d. Archived from the original on November 18, 2006. Retrieved June 8, 2022.
^ Oxford, Nadia (October 11, 2019). "Professor E. Gadd from Luigi's Mansion is Nintendo's Most Dangerous Character". USgamer. Gamer Network. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ ^a ^b Hilliard, Kyle. "Luigi's Mansion's Professor Elvin Gadd Costume Coming To Super Mario Maker". Game Informer. GameStop. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
^ Gaming Reinvented (October 22, 2021). "Let's Interview: The Voice of Bowser, Scott Burns!". Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
^ "Confirmation from Scott Burns via e-mail". Archived from the original on January 8, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
^ Cooper, Hollander (June 13, 2013). "Super Luigi U's Nabbit makes the game less fun for everyone". gamesradar. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
^ Super Mario Bros. Instruction Manual. Nintendo. 1985. p. 14. Bowser, King of the Koopas
^ "MARIO KART - Double Dash!! The strongest character lineup of history". Nintendo. Retrieved July 6, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Kohler, Chris (February 25, 2010). "Hands On: Diggin' Holes, Ridin' Yoshis in Mario Galaxy 2". Wired – via www.wired.com.
^ AlphaDream (November 17, 2003). Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga (Game Boy Advance). Nintendo. Level/area: Beanbean Castle. The Beanstar is the protector of this land, and it has the power to grant any and all desires... to prevent such a power from being used for evil, the Beanstar was cast into a deep sleep... It is said that a voice of great beauty is required to wake the Beanstar from its slumber. It must be the voice of a pure and noble soul... In this day and age, Princess Peach is the only one who possesses such a voice. So... the reason Cackletta stole Princess Peach's voice... Aha! She must plan to awaken the Beanstar and fulfill all of her desires!
^ "The Treehouse Interview". Nintendo World Report. November 30, 2004. Retrieved January 3, 2010.
^ "N-Sider Interview: Nate Bihldorff". N-Sider. July 8, 2005. Retrieved January 3, 2010.
^ Shea, Cam (October 20, 2009). "Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story AU Review". IGN. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Drake, Audrey (October 27, 2011). "Mario's Best Enemies". IGN. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
^ Doolan, Liam (February 19, 2021). "Nintendo Might Have Revealed A New Mario Golf: Super Rush Character Ahead Of Schedule". Nintendo Life. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
^ Stuart, Keith (September 13, 2010). "Super Mario Bros: 25 Mario facts for the 25th anniversary | Technology | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
^ Sheff, David (1993). Game Over. Random House. ISBN 0-679-40469-4.
^ Eurogamer (September 7, 2015). "Miyamoto on World 1-1: How Nintendo made Mario's most iconic level" – via YouTube.
^ Jake Dee (November 15, 2021). "Super Mario: Every Type Of Goomba, Ranked By Strength". ScreenRant. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
^ Chris Buffet (October 3, 2008). "Top 25 Mario Enemies". GameDaily. p. 21. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Jake Dee (November 14, 2021). "Super Mario: Every Type Of Koopa, Ranked By Strength". ScreenRant. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
^ Chris Buffet (October 3, 2008). "Top 25 Mario Enemies". GameDaily. p. 20. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
^ "Mario Kart Tour: Lakitu introduces Halloween Tour in new video". Nintendo Enthusiast. October 23, 2019.
^ Buckley, Sean; Jackson, Ryan. "Super Smash Bros. Ultimate: Piranha Plant DLC is Available Now". CNET. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
^ Super Princess Peach Glossary.
^ Mario Kart Wii Prima Guide pg. 34
^ "Interview with Nate Bihldorff". Shinesparkers. February 23, 2011. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

External links

List of characters at the Super Mario Wiki, a Mario-centric wiki

[1] Japanese: マリオ, Hepburn: Mario, pronounced [maɾi.o]; English: /ˈmɑːrioʊ, ˈmær-/, Italian: [ˈmaːrjo]

[12] Japanese: ルイージ, Hepburn: Ruīji, [ɾɯiꜜːʑi], English: /luˈiːdʒi/, Italian: [luˈiːdʒi]

[17] Japanese: キノピオ, Hepburn: Kinopio

[22] Japanese: キノピコ, Hepburn: Kinopiko

[24] Japanese: ピーチ姫, Hepburn: Pīchi-hime, [piːtɕiꜜ çime]

[29] Japanese: デイジー姫, Hepburn: Deijī-hime, [deːʑiꜜː çime]

[34] Japanese: ロゼッタ, Hepburn: Rosetta

[36] Japanese: キノピオ隊長, Hepburn: Kinopio Taichō

[39] Japanese: ヨッシー, Hepburn: Yosshī, [joꜜɕɕiː]

[42] Japanese: キャサリン, Hepburn: Kyasarin

[48] Japanese: ポリーン, Hepburn: Porīn

[55] Japanese: ドンキーコング, Hepburn: Donkī Kongu

[57] Japanese: ディディーコング, Hepburn: Didī Kongu

[61] Japanese: クランキーコング, Hepburn: Kurankī Kongu

[63] Japanese: ポチ, Hepburn: Pochi

[64] Japanese: オヤ・マー博士, Hepburn: Oya Mā Hakase, known in Japan as Professor Oya Mā

[67] Japanese: キノじい, Hepburn: Kinojī

[71] Japanese: クッパ, Hepburn: Kuppa

[73] Japanese: ほねクッパ, Hepburn: Hone Kuppa

[74] Japanese: クッパＪｒ., Hepburn: Kuppa Junia

[75] Japanese: ワリオ, Hepburn: Wario, [waꜜɾio]

[76] Japanese: ワルイージ, Hepburn: Waruīji, [waɾɯiꜜːʑi]

[77] Japanese: コクッパ, Hepburn: Kokuppa

[78] Japanese: カメック, Hepburn: Kamekku

[79] Japanese: キングテレサ, Hepburn: Kingu Teresa

[80] Japanese: ボスパックン, Hepburn: Bosu Pakkun

[83] Japanese: ゲラコビッツ, Hepburn: Gerakobittsu

[History-2] McLaughlin, Rus (September 14, 2010). "IGN Presents The History of Super Mario Bros". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on November 9, 2019. Retrieved April 9, 2014.

[usatoday-3] Mike Snider (November 8, 2010). "Q&A: 'Mario' creator Shigeru Miyamoto". USA Today. Archived from the original on May 23, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

[martinetBBCnews-4] Savage, Mark (October 1, 2012). "The actors hiding inside your video games". BBC News. Retrieved October 3, 2022.

[mariobioign-5] "Mario Biography". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on December 20, 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2010.

[luigibioign-6] "Luigi Biography". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on August 17, 2009. Retrieved January 26, 2010.

[7] "Wario Biography". IGN. Archived from the original on July 12, 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2010.

[yoshibio-8] "Yoshi Biography". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on June 2, 2010. Retrieved January 23, 2009.

[9] Provo, Frank (November 9, 2007). "Super Mario Bros. 3 Review for Wii". GameSpot. Red Ventures. Archived from the original on March 10, 2009. Retrieved May 4, 2022.

[10] Turi, Tim (December 21, 2009). "Gain Knowledge From Guinness 2010 Gamer's Edition". Game Informer. GameStop. Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved December 13, 2021.

[TIME-11] Samuelson, Kate (August 22, 2016). "Shinzo Abe Dresses as Super Mario for Rio Closing Ceremony". Time. Archived from the original on August 22, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2016.

[:0-13] "Why Luigi Is a Better Character Than Mario". Hardcore Gamer. DoubleJump Publishing. December 31, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[14] "Super Mario: The New Craze in Japan". New Straits Times. August 10, 1986. p. 10.

[15] Hayward, Andrew (October 1, 2007). "VC Update: Sin and Punishment, Mario: Lost Levels". 1up.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011.

[announced-16] Whitehead, Thomas (February 14, 2013). "New Super Luigi U Confirmed as Future DLC for New Super Mario Bros. U". Nintendo Life. Hookshot Media. Archived from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2022.

[18] Corriea, Alexa Ray (November 17, 2014). "Nintendo Reveals the Toads' Gender Secret". GameSpot. Fandom. Archived from the original on October 14, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.

[:5-19] Sholars, Mike (January 15, 2021). "You're Toad, Not Mario. And That's OK". Kotaku. G/O Media. Archived from the original on August 11, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.

[20] Fenlon, Wesley (December 2, 2008). "Born for Wii: Wario's Woods (page 2)". Engadget. Yahoo! Inc. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.

[21] Welsh, Oli (October 14, 2022). "Evidence mounts that the Mario movie is a musical: Toad sings too". Polygon. Vox Media. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 9, 2022.

[23] Reseigh-Lincoln, Dom (February 22, 2018). "Super Mario Odyssey - Talk to Toad at the Castle, Archivist Toadette achievements and what to do in Super Mario Odyssey's end game". Eurogamer. Retrieved May 6, 2020.

[:2-25] Knorr, Alyse (November 14, 2018). "How Princess Peach's Story Draws On 2000 Years Of Women In Peril". Kotaku. Univision Communications. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[:3-26] Sholars, Mike (January 1, 2021). "Princess Peach Floated So Rosalina Could Fly". Kotaku Australia. G/O Media. Archived from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[27] Riendeau, Danielle (June 12, 2013). "Nintendo thinking on a different frequency with playable Princess Peach". Polygon. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[28] Harris, Craig (February 23, 2006). "Super Princess Peach". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[30] Walker, Ian (February 10, 2022). "Daisy Is The Only Super Mario Girl With Teeth, Apparently". Kotaku. G/O Media. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.

[31] Notis, Ari (May 13, 2022). "The Princess Daisy Fandom Is Ready To Riot Against Mario Strikers". Kotaku Australia. G/O Media. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.

[32] Osborn, Alex (September 23, 2017). "Super Mario Run Update Will Add Daisy, New World, New Mode". IGN. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on April 23, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.

[33] Saul, Louise (October 15, 2022). "10 Top Mario Cosplays - From Plumbers To Princesses". Nintendo Life. Hookshot Media. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.

[35] Brown, Andrew (October 7, 2013). "Major Details About Super Mario 3D World's...World Secretly Revealed". Nintendo World Report. Archived from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2022.

[CTTT-37] McWhertor, Michael (August 7, 2018). "Where Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker came from". Polygon. Retrieved April 29, 2020. "I really just want to make him someone that loves treasure and you can feel that from him", Hiratake said. "I think honestly Captain Toad is someone that doesn't really care what's going on, but when he sees treasure he's like, 'I want it!'. "You know, I do question his loyalty to the Mushroom Kingdom a little bit. I think of him like a crow that loves shiny things or a moth to a flame. He just loves treasure so much that he can't think about anything else — he's just so happy finding treasure."—Game director Shinya Hiratake

[38] "Two Ideas You May Not Have Seen in Super Mario 3D World". IGN. October 24, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.

[40] "A Brief History of... Yoshi". Official Nintendo Magazine (47). Nintendo: 81–83. 2012. ISSN 1836-4276.

[41] "IGN: Yoshi (Virtual Console) Review". August 9, 2007. Archived from the original on August 9, 2007. Retrieved May 4, 2022.

[43] "The Top 10 Worst Mario Characters". GameDaily. November 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 3, 2007. Retrieved October 16, 2009.

[44] "What Happens When You Beat Mario Advance (Part 1)". IGN. March 23, 2001. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved October 16, 2009.

[45] Robbins, M. Brandon (September 15, 2017), "Diversity in Gaming", Library Journal, vol. 142, p. 51

[46] Owens, Cassie (September 25, 2018), "Temple prof co-curates first exhibit on LGBTQ video game history", Philadelphia Inquirer

[47] Shaw, Adrienne; Friesem, Elizaveta (2016), "Where is the Queerness in Games? Types of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Content in Digital Games", International Journal of Communication, vol. 10, pp. 3877–3889

[ignDK-49] "Donkey Kong". IGN. Retrieved July 6, 2010.

[50] "Donkey Kong". IGN. Retrieved July 6, 2010.

[51] Ray, Sheri Graner (2004). Gender inclusive game design ... - Google Books. ISBN 978-1-58450-239-5. Retrieved April 8, 2010.

[52] Text technology: the journal of ... - Google Books. September 9, 2008. Retrieved April 8, 2010.

[53] Lind, Rebecca Ann (September 3, 2009). Race, gender, media: considering ... - Google Books. ISBN 978-0-205-34419-2. Retrieved April 8, 2010.

[54] Alexander, Julia (June 14, 2017). "Super Mario Odyssey producer explains why Pauline has returned". Polygon. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017.

[56] "Now You're Playing With Power: Top 25 Nintendo Characters of All Time". GameDaily. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008. Retrieved August 9, 2009.

[58] Bayliss, Kevin (January 30, 2019). "I think we actually 'pencilled him in' as a Spider Monkey because we wanted the tail to be his main tool when climbing around. But, let's just say he's a monkey. Or a chimpney". Twitter. Archived from the original on October 10, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.

[59] "Nintendo Says Diddy Makes History - N64 News at IGN". Ign64.ign.com. December 8, 1997. Retrieved September 22, 2010.

[60] Retro Gamer, Vol. #43

[62] Mikkelson, David (May 13, 2011) [25 February 2001]. "Was the Name 'Donkey Kong' the Result of a Mistranslation?". Snopes. Retrieved June 8, 2022. Citing in part:
"Tom Chick at the Miyamoto Interview". Quarter to Three. n.d. Archived from the original on November 18, 2006. Retrieved June 8, 2022.

[76] "Tom Chick at the Miyamoto Interview". Quarter to Three. n.d. Archived from the original on November 18, 2006. Retrieved June 8, 2022.

[:4-65] Oxford, Nadia (October 11, 2019). "Professor E. Gadd from Luigi's Mansion is Nintendo's Most Dangerous Character". USgamer. Gamer Network. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[:1-66] Hilliard, Kyle. "Luigi's Mansion's Professor Elvin Gadd Costume Coming To Super Mario Maker". Game Informer. GameStop. Retrieved November 16, 2022.

[68] Gaming Reinvented (October 22, 2021). "Let's Interview: The Voice of Bowser, Scott Burns!". Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2022.

[69] "Confirmation from Scott Burns via e-mail". Archived from the original on January 8, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2022.

[70] Cooper, Hollander (June 13, 2013). "Super Luigi U's Nabbit makes the game less fun for everyone". gamesradar. Retrieved January 26, 2023.

[72] Super Mario Bros. Instruction Manual. Nintendo. 1985. p. 14. Bowser, King of the Koopas

[packun-81] "MARIO KART - Double Dash!! The strongest character lineup of history". Nintendo. Retrieved July 6, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[82] Kohler, Chris (February 25, 2010). "Hands On: Diggin' Holes, Ridin' Yoshis in Mario Galaxy 2". Wired – via www.wired.com.

[84] AlphaDream (November 17, 2003). Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga (Game Boy Advance). Nintendo. Level/area: Beanbean Castle. The Beanstar is the protector of this land, and it has the power to grant any and all desires... to prevent such a power from being used for evil, the Beanstar was cast into a deep sleep... It is said that a voice of great beauty is required to wake the Beanstar from its slumber. It must be the voice of a pure and noble soul... In this day and age, Princess Peach is the only one who possesses such a voice. So... the reason Cackletta stole Princess Peach's voice... Aha! She must plan to awaken the Beanstar and fulfill all of her desires!

[85] "The Treehouse Interview". Nintendo World Report. November 30, 2004. Retrieved January 3, 2010.

[86] "N-Sider Interview: Nate Bihldorff". N-Sider. July 8, 2005. Retrieved January 3, 2010.

[87] Shea, Cam (October 20, 2009). "Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story AU Review". IGN. Retrieved August 31, 2010.

[mario's_best_enemies-88] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Drake, Audrey (October 27, 2011). "Mario's Best Enemies". IGN. Retrieved September 9, 2016.

[89] Doolan, Liam (February 19, 2021). "Nintendo Might Have Revealed A New Mario Golf: Super Rush Character Ahead Of Schedule". Nintendo Life. Retrieved May 28, 2021.

[90] Stuart, Keith (September 13, 2010). "Super Mario Bros: 25 Mario facts for the 25th anniversary | Technology | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved September 15, 2012.

[91] Sheff, David (1993). Game Over. Random House. ISBN 0-679-40469-4.

[92] Eurogamer (September 7, 2015). "Miyamoto on World 1-1: How Nintendo made Mario's most iconic level" – via YouTube.

[93] Jake Dee (November 15, 2021). "Super Mario: Every Type Of Goomba, Ranked By Strength". ScreenRant. Retrieved February 5, 2023.

[94] Chris Buffet (October 3, 2008). "Top 25 Mario Enemies". GameDaily. p. 21. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2010.

[Koopas-95] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Jake Dee (November 14, 2021). "Super Mario: Every Type Of Koopa, Ranked By Strength". ScreenRant. Retrieved February 5, 2023.

[96] Chris Buffet (October 3, 2008). "Top 25 Mario Enemies". GameDaily. p. 20. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2010.

[97] "Mario Kart Tour: Lakitu introduces Halloween Tour in new video". Nintendo Enthusiast. October 23, 2019.

[98] Buckley, Sean; Jackson, Ryan. "Super Smash Bros. Ultimate: Piranha Plant DLC is Available Now". CNET. Retrieved April 13, 2019.

[99] Super Princess Peach Glossary.

[100] Mario Kart Wii Prima Guide pg. 34

[101] "Interview with Nate Bihldorff". Shinesparkers. February 23, 2011. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 11, 2014.

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{for|the main characters that appear in ''Mario''-adjacent franchise ''Donkey Kong''|List of Donkey Kong characters}}
 {{Use American English|date=November 2022}}
-{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}{{Additional citations for verification|date=November 2022}}{{italic title|string=Mario}} [[File:Mario characters as of 2022.jpg|thumb|A selection of ''Mario'' characters: [[Goomba]], Koopa Paratroopa, [[Wario]], [[Princess Daisy|Daisy]], [[Toad (Nintendo)|Toad]], [[Donkey Kong (character)|Donkey Kong]], [[Princess Peach|Peach]], [[Mario]], [[Bowser]], [[Luigi]], [[Yoshi]], [[Rosalina (Mario)|Rosalina]], [[Waluigi]], [[Boo (character)|Boo]], and [[Koopa Troopa]]]]
+{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}{{italic title|string=Mario}} [[File:Mario characters as of 2022.jpg|thumb|A selection of ''Mario'' characters: [[Goomba]], Koopa Paratroopa, [[Wario]], [[Princess Daisy|Daisy]], [[Toad (Nintendo)|Toad]], [[Donkey Kong (character)|Donkey Kong]], [[Princess Peach|Peach]], [[Mario]], [[Bowser]], [[Luigi]], [[Yoshi]], [[Rosalina (Mario)|Rosalina]], [[Waluigi]], [[Boo (character)|Boo]], and [[Koopa Troopa]]]]
 The [[Mario (franchise)|''Mario'' franchise]] is a [[video game series]] by [[Nintendo]]. Nintendo is usually the [[Video game developer|developer]] and publisher of the franchise, but various series are developed by third-party companies, such as [[Hudson Soft]] and [[Intelligent Systems]]. Games in the ''Mario'' franchise primarily revolve around the protagonist [[Mario]] and often involve the trope of [[Bowser]] as the antagonist kidnapping [[Princess Peach]], with Mario then rescuing her. Many characters have goals or plot arcs that vary between series; for example, the ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' games focus on [[Luigi]] ridding a haunted building of [[Boo (character)|ghosts]], and [[Wario]] [[Wario (series)|stars in games]] that center around his greed and desire for money and treasure.
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 ===Toadette===
-<span class="anchor" id="Toadette"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''Toadette'''|キノピコ|Kinopiko|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is a pink Toad girl character who debuted in ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]'' (2003) as a playable driver. Toadette is depicted with two long round pigtails braids and a dress, to distinguish from Toad. Since ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', Toadette is a member of the Toad Brigade and has the role of an archivist.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Super Mario Odyssey - Talk to Toad at the Castle, Archivist Toadette achievements and what to do in Super Mario Odyssey's end game|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-02-22-super-mario-odyssey-guide-walkthrough-tips-4847?page=35|last=Reseigh-Lincoln|first=Dom|date=2018-02-22|website=Eurogamer|language=en|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> Depending on the game, she is either a supporting character or a protagonist, playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games. In ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U|New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe]]'', gameplay allows Toadette to transform into Peachette, a form that highly resembles Princess Peach, with her power-up called the Super Crown. As Peachette, she can use Peach's [[Super Mario 3D World#Gameplay|floating jump]] to hover, and can perform a double jump.
+<span class="anchor" id="Toadette"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''Toadette'''|キノピコ|Kinopiko|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is a pink Toad girl character who debuted in ''[[Mario Kart: Double Dash!!]]'' (2003) as a playable driver. Toadette is depicted with two long round pigtails braids and a dress, to distinguish from Toad. Since ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', Toadette is a member of the Toad Brigade and has the role of an archivist.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Super Mario Odyssey - Talk to Toad at the Castle, Archivist Toadette achievements and what to do in Super Mario Odyssey's end game|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-02-22-super-mario-odyssey-guide-walkthrough-tips-4847?page=35|last=Reseigh-Lincoln|first=Dom|date=2018-02-22|website=Eurogamer|language=en|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> Depending on the game, she is either a supporting character or a protagonist, playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U|New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe]]'', gameplay allows Toadette to transform into Peachette, a form that highly resembles Princess Peach, with her power-up called the Super Crown.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} As Peachette, she can use Peach's [[Super Mario 3D World#Gameplay|floating jump]] to hover, and can perform a double jump.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Princess Peach===
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 ===Captain Toad===
 {{Main|Toad (Nintendo)#Captain Toad|l1 = Captain Toad}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Captain Toad'''|キノピオ隊長|Kinopio Taichō|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is an explorer and the leader of the Toad Brigade, debuting in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''. Appearances include ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'' or ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', and as a "treasure tracker".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Where Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker came from|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/8/7/17658584/captain-toad-treasure-tracker-nintendo-legend-of-zelda|last=McWhertor|first=Michael|date=2018-08-07|website=Polygon|language=en|access-date=2020-04-29|quote="I really just want to make him someone that loves treasure and you can feel that from him", Hiratake said. "I think honestly Captain Toad is someone that doesn’t really care what's going on, but when he sees treasure he's like, 'I want it!'. "You know, I do question his loyalty to the Mushroom Kingdom a little bit. I think of him like a crow that loves shiny things or a moth to a flame. He just loves treasure so much that he can’t think about anything else — he's just so happy finding treasure."—Game director Shinya Hiratake}}</ref> He makes several cameos within ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' and debuted in the ''[[Mario Kart]]'' series in ''[[Mario Kart Tour]]'' as a playable racer. He is the main protagonist in the subset of levels in ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]'' called ''Captain Toad's Adventures'', and in the game ''[[Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker]]''.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Captain Toad'''|キノピオ隊長|Kinopio Taichō|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Samantha Kelly) is an explorer and the leader of the Toad Brigade, debuting in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''. Appearances include ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'' or ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', and as a "treasure tracker".<ref name=CTTT>{{Cite web|title=Where Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker came from|url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/8/7/17658584/captain-toad-treasure-tracker-nintendo-legend-of-zelda|last=McWhertor|first=Michael|date=2018-08-07|website=Polygon|language=en|access-date=2020-04-29|quote="I really just want to make him someone that loves treasure and you can feel that from him", Hiratake said. "I think honestly Captain Toad is someone that doesn’t really care what's going on, but when he sees treasure he's like, 'I want it!'. "You know, I do question his loyalty to the Mushroom Kingdom a little bit. I think of him like a crow that loves shiny things or a moth to a flame. He just loves treasure so much that he can’t think about anything else — he's just so happy finding treasure."—Game director Shinya Hiratake}}</ref> He makes several cameos within ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' and debuted in the ''[[Mario Kart]]'' series in ''[[Mario Kart Tour]]'' as a playable racer.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is the main protagonist in the subset of levels in ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]'' called ''Captain Toad's Adventures'', and in the game ''[[Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ign.com/articles/2013/10/24/super-mario-3d-world-includes-two-additional-modes |title=Two Ideas You May Not Have Seen in Super Mario 3D World |date=24 October 2013 |publisher=IGN |access-date=2013-11-15}}</ref><ref name=CTTT />
 ===Yoshi===
 {{Main|Yoshi}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Yoshi'''|ヨッシー|Yosshī|{{IPA-ja|joꜜɕɕiː|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|j|oʊ|ʃ|i|,_|ˈ|j|ɒ|ʃ|i}}, once Romanized as Yossy; voiced by [[Kazumi Totaka]]) is a green anthropomorphic dinosaur character. He is depicted with a long tongue that can be used to eat enemies, and can turn the enemies he eats into [[egg]]s that can be thrown. Yoshi is a rideable character for the heroes or a playable character in most of the ''Mario'' spin-offs, including [[List of Yoshi video games|his own series]].
+{{nihongo foot|'''Yoshi'''|ヨッシー|Yosshī|{{IPA-ja|joꜜɕɕiː|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|j|oʊ|ʃ|i|,_|ˈ|j|ɒ|ʃ|i}}, once Romanized as Yossy; voiced by [[Kazumi Totaka]]) is a green anthropomorphic dinosaur character. He is depicted with a long tongue that can be used to eat enemies, and can turn the enemies he eats into [[egg]]s that can be thrown.<ref>{{cite journal |year=2012 |title=A Brief History of... Yoshi |journal=[[Official Nintendo Magazine]] |issue=47 |pages=81–83|publisher=[[Nintendo]]|issn=1836-4276}}</ref> Yoshi is a rideable character for the heroes or a playable character in most of the ''Mario'' spin-offs, including [[List of Yoshi video games|his own series]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2007/07/17/yoshi-review|access-date=May 4, 2022 |title=IGN: Yoshi (Virtual Console) Review|date=August 9, 2007|archive-date=August 9, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809191532/http://wii.ign.com/articles/805/805744p1.html}}</ref>
 ===Birdo===
 {{Main|Birdo}}
-'''Birdo''', also known as '''Birdette''', and known in Japan as {{nihongo foot|'''Catherine'''|キャサリン|Kyasarin|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}}, (voiced by Kazumi Totaka) is depicted as a pink, anthropomorphic creature who wears a red bow on her head, and has a round mouth that can fire eggs as projectiles. Birdo first appeared in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' as a recurring [[Boss (video games)|boss]] character. Since then, she has been a recurring playable character in various franchise [[Spin-off (media)|spin-offs]]. Birdo has been referred to as a "man who thinks of himself as female" in earlier depictions, such as in the Japanese manual for the early prototype game ''[[Doki Doki Panic]]'', and was considered female in later games. It is heavily speculated that Birdo is [[transgender]]; she was considered to be one of the first ever [[List of video games with LGBT characters|transgender video game characters]].<ref>{{citation|last=Robbins|first=M. Brandon|date=September 15, 2017|title=Diversity in Gaming|work = Library Journal|volume=142|page=51}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Owens|first =Cassie|date = September 25, 2018|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|title=Temple prof co-curates first exhibit on LGBTQ video game history}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last1=Shaw|first1=Adrienne|last2=Friesem|first2=Elizaveta|year=2016|work=International Journal of Communication|volume=10|pages=3877–3889|title=Where is the Queerness in Games? Types of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Content in Digital Games}}</ref>
+'''Birdo''', also known as '''Birdette''', and known in Japan as {{nihongo foot|'''Catherine'''|キャサリン|Kyasarin|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}}, (voiced by Kazumi Totaka) is depicted as a pink, anthropomorphic creature who wears a red bow on her head, and has a round mouth that can fire eggs as projectiles.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Top 10 Worst Mario Characters |url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/the-top-ten-worst-mario-characters/110/?page=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203155209/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/the-top-ten-worst-mario-characters/110/?page=4|archive-date=December 3, 2007|publisher=[[GameDaily]] |access-date=2009-10-16 |date=2007-11-30}}</ref> Birdo first appeared in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' as a recurring [[Boss (video games)|boss]] character.<ref>{{cite web|title=What Happens When You Beat Mario Advance (Part 1) |url=http://gameboy.ign.com/articles/092/092746p1.html |website=IGN |access-date=2009-10-16 |date=2001-03-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613194246/http://gameboy.ign.com/articles/092/092746p1.html |archive-date=2011-06-13 }}</ref> Since then, she has been a recurring playable character in various franchise [[Spin-off (media)|spin-offs]]. Birdo has been referred to as a "man who thinks of himself as female" in earlier depictions, such as in the Japanese manual for the early prototype game ''[[Doki Doki Panic]]'', and was considered female in later games. It is heavily speculated that Birdo is [[transgender]]; she was considered to be one of the first ever [[List of video games with LGBT characters|transgender video game characters]].<ref>{{citation|last=Robbins|first=M. Brandon|date=September 15, 2017|title=Diversity in Gaming|work = Library Journal|volume=142|page=51}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Owens|first =Cassie|date = September 25, 2018|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|title=Temple prof co-curates first exhibit on LGBTQ video game history}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last1=Shaw|first1=Adrienne|last2=Friesem|first2=Elizaveta|year=2016|work=International Journal of Communication|volume=10|pages=3877–3889|title=Where is the Queerness in Games? Types of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Content in Digital Games}}</ref>
 ===Pauline===
 {{main|Pauline (Nintendo)}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Pauline'''|ポリーン|Porīn|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by [[Kate Higgins]]) debuted in ''[[Donkey Kong (video game)|Donkey Kong]]'' (1981),<ref name="ignDK">{{cite web|title=Donkey Kong|url=http://cheats.ign.com/objects/017/017317.html|publisher=IGN|access-date=2010-07-06}}</ref> and is further featured in ''[[Donkey Kong (1994 video game)|Donkey Kong]]'' (1994) for Game Boy,<ref>{{cite web|title=Donkey Kong|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/objects/010/010293.html|publisher=IGN|access-date=2010-07-06}}</ref> and the [[Mario vs. Donkey Kong|''Mario vs. Donkey Kong'' series]]. She was created by [[Shigeru Miyamoto]], is the earliest example of a female with a speaking role in a video game, and is cited as a famous example of a [[damsel in distress]] in fiction.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ray|first1=Sheri Graner|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v3wRrNlPOe0C&q=Pauline+%22Donkey+Kong%22&pg=PA19|title=Gender inclusive game design ... - Google Books|year=2004|isbn=978-1-58450-239-5|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-3MsAAAAYAAJ&q=Pauline+%22Donkey+Kong%22|title=Text technology: the journal of ... - Google Books|date=2008-09-09|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Lind|first1=Rebecca Ann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KaThAAAAMAAJ&q=Pauline|title=Race, gender, media: considering ... - Google Books|date=2009-09-03|isbn=978-0-205-34419-2|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref> She is the mayor of New Donk City in ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]''.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Pauline'''|ポリーン|Porīn|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by [[Kate Higgins]]) debuted in ''[[Donkey Kong (video game)|Donkey Kong]]'' (1981),<ref name="ignDK">{{cite web|title=Donkey Kong|url=http://cheats.ign.com/objects/017/017317.html|publisher=IGN|access-date=2010-07-06}}</ref> and is further featured in ''[[Donkey Kong (1994 video game)|Donkey Kong]]'' (1994) for Game Boy,<ref>{{cite web|title=Donkey Kong|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/objects/010/010293.html|publisher=IGN|access-date=2010-07-06}}</ref> and the [[Mario vs. Donkey Kong|''Mario vs. Donkey Kong'' series]]. She was created by [[Shigeru Miyamoto]], is the earliest example of a female with a speaking role in a video game, and is cited as a famous example of a [[damsel in distress]] in fiction.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ray|first1=Sheri Graner|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v3wRrNlPOe0C&q=Pauline+%22Donkey+Kong%22&pg=PA19|title=Gender inclusive game design ... - Google Books|year=2004|isbn=978-1-58450-239-5|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-3MsAAAAYAAJ&q=Pauline+%22Donkey+Kong%22|title=Text technology: the journal of ... - Google Books|date=2008-09-09|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Lind|first1=Rebecca Ann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KaThAAAAMAAJ&q=Pauline|title=Race, gender, media: considering ... - Google Books|date=2009-09-03|isbn=978-0-205-34419-2|access-date=2010-04-08}}</ref> She is the mayor of New Donk City in ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Alexander|first1=Julia|date=14 June 2017|title=Super Mario Odyssey producer explains why Pauline has returned|work=Polygon|url=https://www.polygon.com/e3/2017/6/14/15804210/super-mario-odyssey-pauline-switch|access-date=15 June 2017|archive-date=15 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170615014618/https://www.polygon.com/e3/2017/6/14/15804210/super-mario-odyssey-pauline-switch|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ==Kong family==
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 ===Donkey Kong===
 {{Main|Donkey Kong (character)}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Donkey Kong'''|ドンキーコング|Donkī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by [[Takashi Nagasako]]) is a male [[gorilla]] that stars in the ''[[Donkey Kong]]'' franchise. He the leader of the [[List of Donkey Kong characters#Kongs|Kong Family]], a group of various [[primate]]s.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Donkey Kong'''|ドンキーコング|Donkī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by [[Takashi Nagasako]]) is a male [[gorilla]] that stars in the ''[[Donkey Kong]]'' franchise. He the leader of the [[List of Donkey Kong characters#Kongs|Kong Family]], a group of various [[primate]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Now You're Playing With Power: Top 25 Nintendo Characters of All Time|url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/now-youre-playing-with-power-top-25-nintendo-characters-of-all-time/?page=15|publisher=[[GameDaily]]|access-date=August 9, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912070423/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/now-youre-playing-with-power-top-25-nintendo-characters-of-all-time/?page=15|archive-date=September 12, 2008}}</ref>
 ===Diddy Kong===
 {{Main|Diddy Kong}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Diddy Kong'''|ディディーコング|Didī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ('''Diddy''') (voiced by [[Katsumi Suzuki]]) is an anthropomorphic monkey character who is Donkey Kong's nephew, sidekick, and best friend, appearing in the ''Donkey Kong'' and ''Mario'' franchises. He is the main protagonist of ''[[Diddy Kong Racing]]'' and its DS remake. He is depicted as a cheerful and kind character. Created by [[Rare (company)|Rare]], the name Diddy is a British term meaning "little".
+{{nihongo foot|'''Diddy Kong'''|ディディーコング|Didī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ('''Diddy''') (voiced by [[Katsumi Suzuki]]) is an anthropomorphic monkey character who is Donkey Kong's nephew, sidekick, and best friend, appearing in the ''Donkey Kong'' and ''Mario'' franchises.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bayliss |first=Kevin |date=2019-01-30 |title=I think we actually 'pencilled him in' as a Spider Monkey because we wanted the tail to be his main tool when climbing around. But, let's just say he's a monkey. Or a chimpney. |url=https://twitter.com/kev_bayliss/status/1090289667944124417 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.ph/YzzO9 |archive-date=2022-10-10 |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref> He is the main protagonist of ''[[Diddy Kong Racing]]'' and its DS remake.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ign64.ign.com/articles/061/061559p1.html |title=Nintendo Says Diddy Makes History - N64 News at IGN |publisher=Ign64.ign.com |date=December 8, 1997 |access-date=September 22, 2010}}</ref> He is depicted as a cheerful and kind character. Created by [[Rare (company)|Rare]], the name Diddy is a British term meaning "little".<ref>''Retro Gamer'', Vol. #43</ref>
 ===Cranky Kong===
 {{Main|List of Donkey Kong characters#Donkey Kong (original)/Cranky Kong|l1 = List of Donkey Kong characters § Cranky Kong}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Cranky Kong'''|クランキーコング|Kurankī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is an older Kong. His first appearance was in 1981's ''Donkey Kong'', where, as the game's antagonist, he kidnapped [[Pauline (Nintendo)|Pauline]], though he was stopped by [[Mario]].
+{{nihongo foot|'''Cranky Kong'''|クランキーコング|Kurankī Kongu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is an older Kong. His first appearance was in 1981's ''Donkey Kong'', where, as the game's antagonist, he kidnapped [[Pauline (Nintendo)|Pauline]], though he was stopped by [[Mario]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mikkelson |first=David |date=13 May 2011 |orig-year=25 February 2001 |title=Was the Name 'Donkey Kong' the Result of a Mistranslation? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/donkey-kong-mistranslation/ |publisher=[[Snopes]] |access-date=8 June 2022}} Citing in part:
+* {{Cite web |title=Tom Chick at the Miyamoto Interview|url=http://www.quartertothree.com/features/e3_2001/miyamoto.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061118060916/http://www.quartertothree.com/features/e3_2001/miyamoto.shtml |archive-date=18 November 2006 |publisher=Quarter to Three |date=n.d. |access-date=8 June 2022}}</ref>
 ==Other supporting characters==
 ===Poochy===
-{{nihongo foot|'''Poochy'''|ポチ|Pochi|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is portrayed as [[Yoshi]]'s helper dog. He debuted in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' and continued through the ''Yoshi'' series such as in ''[[Poochy & Yoshi's Woolly World]]''. In the games, he can do things that Yoshi cannot, such as sniff out hidden items, cross over dangerous terrain, and jump over walls to give Yoshi a boost out of his wall jumps.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Poochy'''|ポチ|Pochi|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is portrayed as [[Yoshi]]'s helper dog. He debuted in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' and continued through the ''Yoshi'' series such as in ''[[Poochy & Yoshi's Woolly World]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In the games, he can do things that Yoshi cannot, such as sniff out hidden items, cross over dangerous terrain, and jump over walls to give Yoshi a boost out of his wall jumps.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Professor E. Gadd===
@@ Line 79: / Line 80: @@
 ===Toadsworth===
-<span class="anchor" id="Toadsworth"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''Toadsworth'''|キノじい|Kinojī|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Scott Burns)<ref>{{cite web|last=Gaming Reinvented|date=22 October 2021|title=Let's Interview: The Voice of Bowser, Scott Burns!|url=https://gamingreinvented.com/interview/lets-interview-the-voice-of-bowser-scott-burns/|access-date=6 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026061848/https://gamingreinvented.com/interview/lets-interview-the-voice-of-bowser-scott-burns/|archive-date=26 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mariowiki.com/images/8/8f/Scott_burns_sms_1.jpg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108140740/https://www.mariowiki.com/images/8/8f/Scott_burns_sms_1.jpg|url-status=live|title=Confirmation from Scott Burns via e-mail|archive-date=8 January 2022|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref> is an elderly Toad character who is [[Princess Peach]]'s steward. He is depicted showing concern for the princess' safety and acts as a prime caretaker for the Toads. He debuted in ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]'' for GameCube, in which he goes on vacation with Mario, Peach and the other Toads. In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', he is revealed to have cared for the princess since she was a baby.
+<span class="anchor" id="Toadsworth"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''Toadsworth'''|キノじい|Kinojī|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Scott Burns)<ref>{{cite web|last=Gaming Reinvented|date=22 October 2021|title=Let's Interview: The Voice of Bowser, Scott Burns!|url=https://gamingreinvented.com/interview/lets-interview-the-voice-of-bowser-scott-burns/|access-date=6 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026061848/https://gamingreinvented.com/interview/lets-interview-the-voice-of-bowser-scott-burns/|archive-date=26 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mariowiki.com/images/8/8f/Scott_burns_sms_1.jpg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108140740/https://www.mariowiki.com/images/8/8f/Scott_burns_sms_1.jpg|url-status=live|title=Confirmation from Scott Burns via e-mail|archive-date=8 January 2022|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref> is an elderly Toad character who is [[Princess Peach]]'s steward. He is depicted showing concern for the princess' safety and acts as a prime caretaker for the Toads.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He debuted in ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]'' for GameCube, in which he goes on vacation with Mario, Peach and the other Toads.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time]]'', he is revealed to have cared for the princess since she was a baby.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Lumas===
-The '''Lumas''' are depicted as friendly star-like creatures. They first appear in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'', where they have the ability to transform into various game objects, explorable planetoids, and entire levels. Lumas come in a variety of colors, though are most commonly yellow. One particular '''Luma''', Baby Luma, or Young Master Luma, is a major character in the ''Super Mario Galaxy'' games, granting Mario or Luigi the power to Star Spin.
+The '''Lumas''' are depicted as friendly star-like creatures. They first appear in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'', where they have the ability to transform into various game objects, explorable planetoids, and entire levels.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Lumas come in a variety of colors, though are most commonly yellow.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} One particular '''Luma''', Baby Luma, or Young Master Luma, is a major character in the ''Super Mario Galaxy'' games, granting Mario or Luigi the power to Star Spin.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 === Nabbit ===
@@ Line 90: / Line 91: @@
 ===Bowser===
 {{Main|Bowser}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Bowser'''|クッパ|Kuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} or '''King Koopa''' (voiced by Kenneth W. James) is the king of the turtle-like [[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]] race,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Super Mario Bros. Instruction Manual|publisher=Nintendo|year=1985|pages=14|quote="Bowser, King of the Koopas"}}</ref> a selfish troublemaker who wants to take over the [[Mushroom Kingdom]]. He is depicted as [[Mario]]'s [[Archenemy|nemesis]], and is the [[Boss (video gaming)#Final boss|final boss]] of most ''Mario'' games. He is playable in all ''[[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]'' spin-off games.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Bowser'''|クッパ|Kuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} or '''King Koopa''' (voiced by Kenneth W. James) is the king of the turtle-like [[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]] race,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Super Mario Bros. Instruction Manual|publisher=Nintendo|year=1985|pages=14|quote="Bowser, King of the Koopas"}}</ref> a selfish troublemaker who wants to take over the [[Mushroom Kingdom]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is depicted as [[Mario]]'s [[Archenemy|nemesis]], and is the [[Boss (video gaming)#Final boss|final boss]] of most ''Mario'' games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is playable in all ''[[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]'' spin-off games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Dry Bowser'''|ほねクッパ|Hone Kuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is a recurring antagonist in the ''Mario'' series. Debuting as a form of Bowser after losing his flesh in ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'', the character has appeared as his own being starting with ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', often serving as the final [[antagonist]] in the main games. Dry Bowser appears in ''[[Mario Party: Island Tour]]'', and is a playable character in several of the ''Mario'' spin-off games.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Dry Bowser'''|ほねクッパ|Hone Kuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is a recurring antagonist in the ''Mario'' series. Debuting as a form of Bowser after losing his flesh in ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'', the character has appeared as his own being starting with ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', often serving as the final [[antagonist]] in the main games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Dry Bowser appears in ''[[Mario Party: Island Tour]]'', and is a playable character in several of the ''Mario'' spin-off games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Bowser Jr.===
 {{Main|Bowser Jr.}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Bowser Jr.''' (known as '''Koopa Jr.''' |クッパＪｒ.|Kuppa Junia||lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} in Japan; voiced by Caety Sagoian), or sometimes simply Jr. or Junior, is the son of Bowser, who first appeared in the 2002 game ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''. He is often depicted as the secondary antagonist throughout the ''[[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]'' series. In the games, Bowser Jr. looks up to his dad, and shares his ambition to defeat Mario, and take over the [[Mushroom Kingdom]]. Bowser Jr. is playable in most of the spin-off ''Mario'' games, and in ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' He is the main protagonist of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story#Remake|Bowser Jr.'s Journey]]'' (2018) included in the remake of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story#Remake|Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Bowser Jr.''' (known as '''Koopa Jr.''' |クッパＪｒ.|Kuppa Junia||lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} in Japan; voiced by Caety Sagoian), or sometimes simply Jr. or Junior, is the son of Bowser, who first appeared in the 2002 game ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is often depicted as the secondary antagonist throughout the ''[[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]'' series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In the games, Bowser Jr. looks up to his dad, and shares his ambition to defeat Mario, and take over the [[Mushroom Kingdom]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Bowser Jr. is playable in most of the spin-off ''Mario'' games, and in ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]''{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is the main protagonist of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story#Remake|Bowser Jr.'s Journey]]'' (2018) included in the remake of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story#Remake|Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Wario===
 {{Main|Wario}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Wario'''|ワリオ|Wario|{{IPA-ja|waꜜɾio|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|w|ɑː|r|i|oʊ|,_|ˈ|w|æ|r|-}}; voiced by Charles Martinet) is an [[Obesity|obese]] yet muscular, hot-tempered, and greedy man. He is Mario's yellow-and-purple clad [[Rivalry|arch-rival]]. He initially debuted as an antagonist, but over the years has become an [[Antihero|anti-hero]], even being playable in a few games. Wario is the protagonist of the ''[[Wario (series)|Wario]]'' series and is playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games where he is shown to be Waluigi's partner. His name is portmanteau of "warui", the Japanese word for "bad", and "Mario". Wario's favorite food is [[garlic]], often used in gameplay to restore health when he gets defeated.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Wario'''|ワリオ|Wario|{{IPA-ja|waꜜɾio|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|w|ɑː|r|i|oʊ|,_|ˈ|w|æ|r|-}}; voiced by Charles Martinet) is an [[Obesity|obese]] yet muscular, hot-tempered, and greedy man. He is Mario's yellow-and-purple clad [[Rivalry|arch-rival]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He initially debuted as an antagonist, but over the years has become an [[Antihero|anti-hero]], even being playable in a few games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Wario is the protagonist of the ''[[Wario (series)|Wario]]'' series and is playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games where he is shown to be Waluigi's partner.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} His name is portmanteau of "warui", the Japanese word for "bad", and "Mario".{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Wario's favorite food is [[garlic]], often used in gameplay to restore health when he gets defeated.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Waluigi===
 {{Main|Waluigi}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Waluigi'''|ワルイージ|Waruīji|{{IPA-ja|waɾɯiꜜːʑi|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˌ|w|ɑː|l|u|ˈ|iː|dʒ|i}}; voiced by Charles Martinet) is a tall, thin, and mischievous man who was introduced in ''[[Mario Tennis]]'' as Wario's partner. He is Luigi's black-and-purple clad arch-rival. Waluigi is often an antagonist who teams up with Wario to accomplish their schemes. He is playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games, and makes several cameos within the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series. Like with Wario, his name is a portmanteau of "warui" and "Luigi".
+{{nihongo foot|'''Waluigi'''|ワルイージ|Waruīji|{{IPA-ja|waɾɯiꜜːʑi|}}|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˌ|w|ɑː|l|u|ˈ|iː|dʒ|i}}; voiced by Charles Martinet) is a tall, thin, and mischievous man who was introduced in ''[[Mario Tennis]]'' as Wario's partner. He is Luigi's black-and-purple clad arch-rival.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Waluigi is often an antagonist who teams up with Wario to accomplish their schemes.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is playable in most of the ''Mario'' spin-off games, and makes several cameos within the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Like with Wario, his name is a portmanteau of "warui" and "Luigi".{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Koopalings===
 {{Main|Koopalings}}
-The {{Nihongo foot|'''Koopalings'''|コクッパ|Kokuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} are seven siblings who first appeared as [[boss (video games)|boss character]]s in the 1988 game ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''. Their individual names are Ludwig, Lemmy, Roy, Iggy, Wendy, Morton, and Larry. They were originally depicted as the children of the series antagonist Bowser, and later referred to as his minions. They have since appeared in subsequent ''[[Super Mario (series)|Super Mario]]'' games, spin-off ''Mario'' games, and the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series.
+The {{Nihongo foot|'''Koopalings'''|コクッパ|Kokuppa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} are seven siblings who first appeared as [[boss (video games)|boss character]]s in the 1988 game ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Their individual names are Ludwig, Lemmy, Roy, Iggy, Wendy, Morton, and Larry.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} They were originally depicted as the children of the series antagonist Bowser, and later referred to as his minions.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} They have since appeared in subsequent ''[[Super Mario (series)|Super Mario]]'' games, spin-off ''Mario'' games, and the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Kamek===
 {{redirect|Kamek|places in Iran|Kamek, Iran (disambiguation)}}
-{{nihongo foot|'''Kamek'''|カメック|Kamekku|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|k|ə|ˈ|m|ɛ|k|,_|ˈ|k|æ|m|ɪ|k}}; voiced by Atsushi Masaki) is a member of the fictional Magikoopa species who is Bowser's childhood caretaker, and then one of his high-ranking minions. Kamek is the main antagonist of the [[List of Yoshi video games|''Yoshi'' series]]. In his various game appearances, his magic includes self-duplication, teleportation, shooting magical blasts, and changing the size of other creatures. He is often distinguished from other Magikoopas by the broom he rides on. In Japan, his species is also named Kamek, but outside Japan they are called Magikoopas. This will sometimes lead to a literal translation, as in ''[[Super Princess Peach]]'' where a boss is described as "A Kamek made huge by magic". Some Japanese sources such as the guide for ''Super Mario Advance 3: Yoshi's Island'' call him "'''Fang'''" to distinguish him from regular Magikoopas.
+{{nihongo foot|'''Kamek'''|カメック|Kamekku|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} ({{IPAc-en|lang|k|ə|ˈ|m|ɛ|k|,_|ˈ|k|æ|m|ɪ|k}}; voiced by Atsushi Masaki) is a member of the fictional Magikoopa species who is Bowser's childhood caretaker, and then one of his high-ranking minions.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Kamek is the main antagonist of the [[List of Yoshi video games|''Yoshi'' series]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In his various game appearances, his magic includes self-duplication, teleportation, shooting magical blasts, and changing the size of other creatures.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is often distinguished from other Magikoopas by the broom he rides on.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} In Japan, his species is also named Kamek, but outside Japan they are called Magikoopas.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} This will sometimes lead to a literal translation, as in ''[[Super Princess Peach]]'' where a boss is described as "A Kamek made huge by magic".{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Some Japanese sources such as the guide for ''Super Mario Advance 3: Yoshi's Island'' call him "'''Fang'''" to distinguish him from regular Magikoopas.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===King Boo===
-<span class="anchor" id="King Boo"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''King Boo'''|キングテレサ|Kingu Teresa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Toru Asakawa) is the king of the [[Boo (character)|Boo]]s, and is the main antagonist of the ''[[List of Luigi video games#Luigi's Mansion series|Luigi's Mansion]]'' series. He plays minor roles, occasionally playable, in various other ''[[Mario]]'' games, including the ''[[Mario Kart]]'' and ''[[Mario Party]]'' series. King Boo's first major debuted role was as the final boss of ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', where he disguised himself as Bowser. He is depicted as much larger than the average Boos that appear in games after ''Luigi's Mansion''. He dons a crown with a large ruby, and has glowing, sunken eyes in the ''Luigi's Mansion'' franchise. A similar character named '''Big Boo''' is an enemy in ''[[Super Mario World]],'' and a boss in ''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]''. Additionally, a different character also named King Boo, known as '''Boss Boo''' in Japan, appears as a boss in ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''.
+<span class="anchor" id="King Boo"></span>{{nihongo foot|'''King Boo'''|キングテレサ|Kingu Teresa|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} (voiced by Toru Asakawa) is the king of the [[Boo (character)|Boo]]s, and is the main antagonist of the ''[[List of Luigi video games#Luigi's Mansion series|Luigi's Mansion]]'' series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He plays minor roles, occasionally playable, in various other ''[[Mario]]'' games, including the ''[[Mario Kart]]'' and ''[[Mario Party]]'' series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} King Boo's first major debuted role was as the final boss of ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', where he disguised himself as Bowser.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He is depicted as much larger than the average Boos that appear in games after ''Luigi's Mansion''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He dons a crown with a large ruby, and has glowing, sunken eyes in the ''Luigi's Mansion'' franchise.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} A similar character named '''Big Boo''' is an enemy in ''[[Super Mario World]],'' and a boss in ''[[Super Mario 64 DS]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Additionally, a different character also named King Boo, known as '''Boss Boo''' in Japan, appears as a boss in ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 ===Petey Piranha===
-'''{{visible anchor|Petey Piranha}}''', known as {{nihongo foot|'''Boss Pakkun'''|ボスパックン|Bosu Pakkun|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} in Japan,<ref name="packun">{{cite web |title=MARIO KART - Double Dash!! The strongest character lineup of history |url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ngc/gm4j/02images/packun.gif |url-status=live |access-date=2008-07-06 |publisher=Nintendo}}</ref> (voiced by [[Toru Minegishi]]) is a large, powerful Piranha Plant character. Whereas normal Piranha Plants are usually depicted growing from pipes, Petey's leaves and roots are foot-like and arm-like appendages, allowing the character to use objects such as tennis rackets and golf clubs when playable in the various [[List of Mario sports games|''Mario'' sports games]]. He can sometimes use his leaves to fly around. He debuted as the primary boss of Bianco Hills in the game ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''. Similar Piranha Plant boss characters later appear in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' and its sequel.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2010/02/super-mario-galaxy-2-2/|title=Hands On: Diggin' Holes, Ridin' Yoshis in Mario Galaxy 2|first=Chris|last=Kohler|magazine=Wired |date=25 February 2010|publisher=|via=www.wired.com}}</ref>
+'''{{visible anchor|Petey Piranha}}''', known as {{nihongo foot|'''Boss Pakkun'''|ボスパックン|Bosu Pakkun|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} in Japan,<ref name="packun">{{cite web |title=MARIO KART - Double Dash!! The strongest character lineup of history |url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ngc/gm4j/02images/packun.gif |url-status=live |access-date=2008-07-06 |publisher=Nintendo}}</ref> (voiced by [[Toru Minegishi]]) is a large, powerful Piranha Plant character. Whereas normal Piranha Plants are usually depicted growing from pipes, Petey's leaves and roots are foot-like and arm-like appendages, allowing the character to use objects such as tennis rackets and golf clubs when playable in the various [[List of Mario sports games|''Mario'' sports games]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} He can sometimes use his leaves to fly around. He debuted as the primary boss of Bianco Hills in the game ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Similar Piranha Plant boss characters later appear in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' and its sequel.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2010/02/super-mario-galaxy-2-2/|title=Hands On: Diggin' Holes, Ridin' Yoshis in Mario Galaxy 2|first=Chris|last=Kohler|magazine=Wired |date=25 February 2010|publisher=|via=www.wired.com}}</ref>
 ===Fawful===
 {{Main|Fawful}}
-'''{{nihongo foot|Fawful|ゲラコビッツ|Gerakobittsu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}}''' (voiced by Nami Funashima), known in Japan as '''Gerakobits''', is a recurring antagonist in the ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series. The character is considered to be "[[Insanity|insane]]," and speaks in a "[[Word salad|schizophasic]]" manner. He served as the secondary antagonist of [[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga|''Superstar Saga'']], and the main antagonist of [[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story|''Bowser's Inside Story'']].
+'''{{nihongo foot|Fawful|ゲラコビッツ|Gerakobittsu|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}}''' (voiced by Nami Funashima), known in Japan as '''Gerakobits''', is a recurring antagonist in the ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series.<ref>{{cite video game |title = [[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]] |developer = [[AlphaDream]] |publisher = [[Nintendo]] |date = 2003-11-17 |platform = [[Game Boy Advance]] |level = Beanbean Castle |quote = The Beanstar is the protector of this land, and it has the power to grant any and all desires... to prevent such a power from being used for evil, the Beanstar was cast into a deep sleep... It is said that a voice of great beauty is required to wake the Beanstar from its slumber. It must be the voice of a pure and noble soul... In this day and age, Princess Peach is the only one who possesses such a voice. So... the reason Cackletta stole Princess Peach's voice... Aha! She must plan to awaken the Beanstar and fulfill all of her desires!}}</ref> The character is considered to be "[[Insanity|insane]]," and speaks in a "[[Word salad|schizophasic]]" manner.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/specialArt.cfm?artid=2205 |title=The Treehouse Interview |publisher=Nintendo World Report|date=November 30, 2004 |access-date=January 3, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.n-sider.com/contentview.php?contentid=313 |title=N-Sider Interview: Nate Bihldorff |publisher=N-Sider |date=July 8, 2005 |access-date=January 3, 2010}}</ref> He served as the secondary antagonist of [[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga|''Superstar Saga'']], and the main antagonist of [[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story|''Bowser's Inside Story'']].<ref>{{cite web|last=Shea |first=Cam |url=http://ds.ign.com/articles/103/1037101p1.html |title=Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story AU Review |website=[[IGN]] |date=2009-10-20 |access-date=2010-08-31}}</ref>
 ===<span class="anchor" id="Enemy characters"></span>Enemy characters===
-* '''Angry Sun''' - A sentient [[sun]] that swoops down at the [[player character]]. A moon variant of this enemy appears in ''[[Super Mario Maker 2]]'', which defeats all enemies when touched.
+* '''Angry Sun''' - A sentient [[sun]] that swoops down at the [[player character]]. A moon variant of this enemy appears in ''[[Super Mario Maker 2]]'', which defeats all enemies when touched.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''Blooper''' - A sentry-like [[squid]] that chases after the player, debuting in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' Blooper Nannies thrust smaller versions of themselves toward the player.<ref name="mario's best enemies">{{cite web|url=https://ign.com/articles/2011/10/27/marios-best-enemies?page=4|title=Mario's Best Enemies|publisher=IGN|first=Audrey|last=Drake|date=27 October 2011 |access-date=September 9, 2016}}</ref>
-* '''{{vanchor|Bob-omb|King Bob-omb}}''' - A [[bomb]] enemy introduced in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' with a wind-up key and a fuse, which explodes after a set amount of time or when thrown. '''King Bob-omb''', previously '''Big Bob-omb''', was introduced in ''[[Super Mario 64]]'',<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doolan |first1=Liam |title=Nintendo Might Have Revealed A New Mario Golf: Super Rush Character Ahead Of Schedule |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/02/nintendo_might_have_revealed_a_new_mario_golf_super_rush_character_ahead_of_schedule |access-date=28 May 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=2021-02-19 |language=en}}</ref> as a [[Boss (video games)|boss character]] there and in ''[[Mario Party 9]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', and ''[[Mario Party: Star Rush]]''.
+* '''{{vanchor|Bob-omb|King Bob-omb}}''' - A [[bomb]] enemy introduced in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' with a wind-up key and a fuse, which explodes after a set amount of time or when thrown. '''King Bob-omb''', previously '''Big Bob-omb''', was introduced in ''[[Super Mario 64]]'',<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doolan |first1=Liam |title=Nintendo Might Have Revealed A New Mario Golf: Super Rush Character Ahead Of Schedule |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/02/nintendo_might_have_revealed_a_new_mario_golf_super_rush_character_ahead_of_schedule |access-date=28 May 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=2021-02-19 |language=en}}</ref> as a [[Boss (video games)|boss character]] there and in ''[[Mario Party 9]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', and ''[[Mario Party: Star Rush]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''[[Boo (character)|Boo]]''' - A spherical [[ghost]] enemy introduced in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', which sneaks up on the player from behind while they are facing away from it. Inspired by a [[Rage (emotion)|rage]] that [[Takashi Tezuka]]'s wife went into after he came home from work late.<ref>{{cite web|last=Stuart |first=Keith |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2010/sep/13/games-gameculture |title=Super Mario Bros: 25 Mario facts for the 25th anniversary &#124; Technology &#124; guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=2010-09-13 |access-date=2012-09-15}}</ref>
 * '''Bullet Bill''' - A [[bullet]] with angry eyes and clenched fists that is shot out of a cannon called a "Bill Blaster". They have a larger counterpart with a [[shark]]-like face, known as '''Banzai Bills'''.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>
 * '''[[Chain Chomp]]''' - A metallic ball-and-chain creature that lunges at the player when they approach it. Inspired by a childhood experience of [[Shigeru Miyamoto]]'s with a violent dog.<ref>{{cite book|author=Sheff, David|title=Game Over|url=https://archive.org/details/gameoverhowninte00shef|url-access=registration|publisher=Random House|year=1993|isbn=0-679-40469-4}}</ref>
-* '''Cheep Cheep''' - This circular, usually red, fish debuted in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' Cheep Cheeps are found primarily in the water, but some can jump in an arc, or fly within a limited range. Giant varieties attempt to swallow the player, such as '''Boss Bass''', '''Big Bass''', and '''Big Bertha'''. '''Porcupuffers''' are giants with spiked backs. '''Fish Bones''' are skeletons charging at the player and breaking apart upon a wall collision.
+* '''Cheep Cheep''' - This circular, usually red, fish debuted in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' Cheep Cheeps are found primarily in the water, but some can jump in an arc, or fly within a limited range.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} Giant varieties attempt to swallow the player, such as '''Boss Bass''', '''Big Bass''', and '''Big Bertha'''. '''Porcupuffers''' are giants with spiked backs.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} '''Fish Bones''' are skeletons charging at the player and breaking apart upon a wall collision.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''Dry Bones''' - A walking Koopa Troopa [[Skeleton (undead)|skeleton]] that reassembles itself after being hit, unless defeated by a Super Star, a Cape Feather, Super Leaf, or an Ice Flower.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>
-* '''Fuzzy''' - A spiked creature which hangs in the air, and sometimes moves on trail. It debuted in ''[[Super Mario World]]''.
+* '''Fuzzy''' - A spiked creature which hangs in the air, and sometimes moves on trail. It debuted in ''[[Super Mario World]]''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
-* '''[[Goomba]]''' - A sentient [[mushroom]] creature, which is the first enemy that the player typically encounters in the games' first levels. Implemented late in the development of ''[[Super Mario|Super Mario Bros]]'' as a basic, easy enemy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRGRJRUWafY|title=Miyamoto on World 1-1: How Nintendo made Mario's most iconic level|last=Eurogamer|date=7 September 2015|via=YouTube}}</ref> Variants of the Goomba may have wings, known as the '''Paragoomba''', and similar creatures include the '''Galoomba''', which flips over and can be thrown when stomped on, and the '''Goombrat''', which turns at edges.
+* '''[[Goomba]]''' - A sentient [[mushroom]] creature, which is the first enemy that the player typically encounters in the games' first levels. Implemented late in the development of ''[[Super Mario|Super Mario Bros]]'' as a basic, easy enemy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRGRJRUWafY|title=Miyamoto on World 1-1: How Nintendo made Mario's most iconic level|last=Eurogamer|date=7 September 2015|via=YouTube}}</ref> Variants of the Goomba may have wings, known as the '''Paragoomba''', and similar creatures include the '''Galoomba''', which flips over and can be thrown when stomped on, and the '''Goombrat''', which turns at edges.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021-11-15 |author=Jake Dee |url=https://screenrant.com/super-mario-which-goomba-strongest-ranked|title=Super Mario: Every Type Of Goomba, Ranked By Strength |publisher=ScreenRant |access-date=2023-02-05}}</ref>
 * '''[[Hammer Bro]]''' - A type of helmet-wearing Koopa who throws [[hammer]]s at the player.<ref>{{cite web |date=2008-10-03 |author=Chris Buffet |url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-Mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2 |title=Top 25 Mario Enemies |publisher=GameDaily |access-date=2010-08-10 |page=21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007222621/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2|archive-date=2008-10-07}}</ref> It has several variations that throw other projectiles, such as the '''Boomerang Bro''' and the '''Fire Bro''', and a bigger variant known as a '''Sledge Bro''' which can stun the player.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>
-* '''[[Koopa Troopa]]''' - A foot soldier of Bowser. It retracts in its shell when stomped on, after which it can be used to attack other foes.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/> Variants of the Koopa may have wings, where it is known as the '''Paratroopa''' or the '''Koopa Paratroopa'''. There are many other varieties of the Koopa Troopa such as red, yellow, and blue. Several other subspecies appear throughout the ''Mario'' games.
+* '''[[Koopa Troopa]]''' - A foot soldier of Bowser. It retracts in its shell when stomped on, after which it can be used to attack other foes.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/> Variants of the Koopa may have wings, where it is known as the '''Paratroopa''' or the '''Koopa Paratroopa'''. There are many other varieties of the Koopa Troopa such as red, yellow, and blue. Several other subspecies appear throughout the ''Mario'' games.<ref name="Koopas">{{cite web |date=2021-11-14 |author=Jake Dee |url=https://screenrant.com/super-mario-every-type-of-koopa-ranked-by-strength|title=Super Mario: Every Type Of Koopa, Ranked By Strength |publisher=ScreenRant |access-date=2023-02-05}}</ref>
-** '''Buzzy Beetle''' - A black or blue beetle-like creature with a hard, fireproof shell that renders it immune to fire attacks. It can crawl on ceilings and drop down when the player gets too close.
+** '''Buzzy Beetle''' - A black or blue beetle-like creature with a hard, fireproof shell that renders it immune to fire attacks. It can crawl on ceilings and drop down when the player gets too close.<ref name="Koopas" />
-** '''Chargin' Chuck''' - A Koopa wearing football gear that mostly charges at the player, and can use items such as baseballs and shovels.
+** '''Chargin' Chuck''' - A Koopa wearing football gear that mostly charges at the player, and can use items such as baseballs and shovels.<ref name="Koopas" />
-** '''Mechakoopa''' - A robot with a wind-up key that becomes disabled and can be thrown after being stomped on. A variant introduced in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' is capable of breathing fire.
+** '''Mechakoopa''' - A robot with a wind-up key that becomes disabled and can be thrown after being stomped on. A variant introduced in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' is capable of breathing fire.<ref name="Koopas" />
-** '''Spike Top''' - A red wall-crawling beetle-like creature which combines the Buzzy Beetle's immunity to fire and the Spiny's immunity to being jumped on, although it can be spin-jumped on.
+** '''Spike Top''' - A red wall-crawling beetle-like creature which combines the Buzzy Beetle's immunity to fire and the Spiny's immunity to being jumped on, although it can be spin-jumped on.<ref name="Koopas" />
-** '''Spiny''' - A red [[beetle]]-like creature that damages the player if touched from above. They are often thrown by Lakitus in unlimited supplies.
+** '''Spiny''' - A red [[beetle]]-like creature that damages the player if touched from above. They are often thrown by Lakitus in unlimited supplies.<ref name="Koopas" />
-* '''[[Lakitu]]''' - A cloud-riding Koopa with aviator goggles that drops an endless supply of Spinies.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/><ref>{{cite web |date=2008-10-03 |author=Chris Buffet |url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-Mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2 |title=Top 25 Mario Enemies |publisher=GameDaily |access-date=2010-08-10 |page=20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007222621/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2|archive-date=2008-10-07}}</ref> It also appears in ''Mario'' spin-off games with various roles including ''[[Mario Tennis]]'' and ''[[Mario Kart]]''.
+* '''[[Lakitu]]''' - A cloud-riding Koopa with aviator goggles that drops an endless supply of Spinies.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/><ref>{{cite web |date=2008-10-03 |author=Chris Buffet |url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-Mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2 |title=Top 25 Mario Enemies |publisher=GameDaily |access-date=2010-08-10 |page=20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007222621/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-mario-enemies/?page=21&cp=2|archive-date=2008-10-07}}</ref> It also appears in ''Mario'' spin-off games with various roles including ''[[Mario Kart]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nintendoenthusiast.com/mario-kart-tour-halloween/|title=Mario Kart Tour: Lakitu introduces Halloween Tour in new video|date=October 23, 2019|website=Nintendo Enthusiast}}</ref>
-* '''Magikoopa''' - A wizard Koopa capable of casting magic spells, turning blocks into foes, power-ups, or coins. Magikoopas first appeared in ''[[Super Mario World]]''. '''Kamek''' and '''Kammy Koopa''' are recurring individuals of this species, appearing in the ''[[List of Yoshi video games|Yoshi]]'' and ''[[Paper Mario]]'' series, respectively.
+* '''Magikoopa''' - A wizard Koopa capable of casting magic spells, turning blocks into foes, power-ups, or coins. Magikoopas first appeared in ''[[Super Mario World]]''.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/> '''Kamek''' and '''Kammy Koopa''' are recurring individuals of this species, appearing in the ''[[List of Yoshi video games|Yoshi]]'' and ''[[Paper Mario]]'' series, respectively.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 <!--*** {{nihongo foot|'''Kammy Koopa'''|カメックババ|Kamekkubaba|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} is an elderly Magikoopa character who acts as an advisor and babysitter for Bowser in the first two ''[[Paper Mario (series)|Paper Mario]]'' games. She is depicted possessing the usual Magikoopa powers, and is primarily distinguished by her ability to summon yellow blocks, which she has used to both impede and combat Mario. She first appeared in ''[[Paper Mario]]'' for the [[Nintendo 64]], helping Bowser by leaving enemies in Mario's way, transporting Bowser into the Star Spirit Sanctuary, and augmenting his size and power in the final battle. After being defeated by the Star Kid, Twink, she continued to work for him. In ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', she is Bowser's second-in-command. Generally, her position is very similar with Kamek who appeared earlier than her, though her role is again replaced by him in ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]''.{{speculation inline}}-->
-* '''Monty Mole''' - A [[Mole (animal)|mole]]-like enemy that burrows underground, and springs out of the ground when the player gets close. A similar enemy known as the '''Rocky Wrench''' pops out of [[airship]] [[manhole]]s and throws [[wrench]]es at the player.
+* '''Monty Mole''' - A [[Mole (animal)|mole]]-like enemy that burrows underground, and springs out of the ground when the player gets close.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} A similar enemy known as the '''Rocky Wrench''' pops out of [[airship]] [[manhole]]s and throws [[wrench]]es at the player.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''[[Piranha Plant]]''' - A leafy, stalk-topped carnivorous plant with sharp teeth that typically lives within pipes.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/> Known as Pakkun Flower in Japan, it has made numerous appearances outside of the ''Mario'' franchise, including as a playable character in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'' via [[downloadable content]].<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Buckley|first1=Sean|last2=Jackson|first2=Ryan|url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/super-smash-bros-ultimate-new-patch-piranha-plant-dlc-is-available-now/|title=Super Smash Bros. Ultimate: Piranha Plant DLC is Available Now|publisher=[[CNET]]|access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>
-* '''Podoboo'''<ref>''Super Princess Peach'' Glossary.</ref><ref>''Mario Kart Wii'' Prima Guide pg. 34</ref> - A fireball that jumps out of lava and can bounce off walls. It is also referred to as a '''Lava Bubble''' (a name shared with other lava based enemies). A '''Blue Podoboo''' homes in on the player and jumps out of blue lava and is found in ''[[Super Princess Peach]]'', and a variant of the Lava Bubble that chases after the player and spits fireballs appears mainly in the ''[[Paper Mario]]'' games.
+* '''Podoboo'''<ref>''Super Princess Peach'' Glossary.</ref><ref>''Mario Kart Wii'' Prima Guide pg. 34</ref> - A fireball that jumps out of lava and can bounce off walls.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} It is also referred to as a '''Lava Bubble''' (a name shared with other lava based enemies).{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} A '''Blue Podoboo''' homes in on the player and jumps out of blue lava and is found in ''[[Super Princess Peach]]'', and a variant of the Lava Bubble that chases after the player and spits fireballs appears mainly in the ''[[Paper Mario]]'' games.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''Pokey''' - A spiked [[cactus]] with detachable green or yellow body segments, which first appeared in the international ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]''.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>
 * '''Shy Guy''' - A timid masked creature wearing a robe, which comes in many different colors and variations. Introduced in the international ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', but more commonly portrayed as an enemy to Yoshi since ''[[Yoshi's Island]]''. Some variants include the '''Snifit''', a Shy Guy with a cannon on its mask which it uses to fire bullets, and the '''Fly Guy''', a Shy Guy with a propeller on its head that can fly.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/> Voiced by Nintendo of America localization manager Nate Bihldorff.<ref>{{cite web|date=February 23, 2011|url=http://www.shinesparkers.net/interview-with-nate-bihldorff|title=Interview with Nate Bihldorff|publisher=Shinesparkers|access-date=June 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714132038/http://www.shinesparkers.net/interview-with-nate-bihldorff|archive-date=July 14, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 * '''Spike''' - A green Koopa creature that attacks with spiked balls, which it throws out of its mouth. First appeared in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>
-* '''Thwomp''' - A large stone block with an angry face that is mainly encountered in castles. It attempts to crush the player, usually from above. There is a smaller variation of the Thwomp called a '''Thwimp'''.
+* '''Thwomp''' - A large stone block with an angry face that is mainly encountered in castles. It attempts to crush the player, usually from above. There is a smaller variation of the Thwomp called a '''Thwimp'''.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
-* '''Whomp''' - An anthropomorphic stone slab that slams its face on the ground when the player gets near. It can only be defeated by ground pounding its back. Inspired by the Japanese mythical wall monster, the [[nurikabe]].
+* '''Whomp''' - An anthropomorphic stone slab that slams its face on the ground when the player gets near. It can only be defeated by ground pounding its back. Inspired by the Japanese mythical wall monster, the [[nurikabe]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
 * '''Wiggler''' - A [[caterpillar]] enemy introduced in ''[[Super Mario World]]'', which changes color and charges at the player when stomped on. It is a playable character in ''[[Mario Kart 7]]''. Some Wigglers, known as '''Flutters''', have butterfly wings.<ref name="mario's best enemies"/>