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He was active as a rock musician for about seven years, recording two albums with Pink Floyd and two influential solo albums before going into self-imposed seclusion lasting more than thirty years. His post-rock band life was as an artist and keen gardener, ending with his death in 2006, and a number of biographies have been written about him since the 1980s. During his withdrawal from public life there were numerous speculative, although largely appreciative works done for him, most notably his former band Pink Floyd's 1975 album ''[[Wish You Were Here (album)|Wish You Were Here]]''.
He was active as a rock musician for about seven years, recording two albums with Pink Floyd and two influential solo albums before going into self-imposed seclusion lasting more than thirty years. His post-rock band life was as an artist and keen gardener, ending with his death in 2006, and a number of biographies have been written about him since the 1980s. During his withdrawal from public life there were numerous speculative, although largely appreciative works done for him, most notably his former band Pink Floyd's 1975 album ''[[Wish You Were Here (album)|Wish You Were Here]]''.


==Biography==
SYD BARRET IS FUCKIN CRAZY
===Early years===
Barrett was born at 60 Glisson Road in the [[England|English]] city of [[Cambridge]] to a middle-class family. His father, Arthur Max Barrett, was a prominent [[pathologist]], and both he and his wife, Winifred, encouraged the young Roger (as he was known then) in his music. At the age of three, he moved to 183 Hills Road. After his brothers and sisters left home, his mother rented out rooms to lodgers, including a future [[Prime Minister of Japan]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/features/2007/10/17/aaee1dd0-7c67-4d25-9b4f-9226ba104acc.lpf | publisher = Cambridge Evening News | date = [[17 October]] [[2007]] | title = Seeing Pink - a Floyd gazetteer of Cambridge | accessdate = 2007-11-02 }}</ref> Barrett acquired the nickname "Syd" at the age of 14, a reference to an old local Cambridge drummer, Sid Barrett. Syd Barrett changed the spelling in order to differentiate himself from his namesake.<ref name="mas001">Mason, Nick. ''Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd'' (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004) ISBN 978-0-29784-387-0.</ref> His father died of cancer on [[11 December]] [[1961]], less than a month before Barrett's 16th birthday. He attended [[Cambridgeshire High School for Boys]], now known as [[Hills Road Sixth Form College]] in Cambridge and enrolled in [[Camberwell College of Arts|Camberwell art school]] in [[South London]] in 1964 before forming his first band in 1965. During this pre-Pink Floyd time he wrote such tunes as "Effervescing Elephant" to play at local parties.<ref> [http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=aHNv8gNnyyk4&refer=uk Bloomberg.com] Pink Floyd Founder `Syd' Barrett Dies of Diabetes (Update2) Accessed July 2006 </ref><ref> [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,19770013-16947,00.html The Australian]{{dead link|date=February 2008}} Obituary - Accessed July 2006 </ref>

===Pink Floyd years (1964&ndash;1968)===
Starting in 1964, the band that would become Pink Floyd underwent various line-up and name changes such as "The Abdabs", "The Screaming Abdabs", "Sigma 6" and "The Meggadeaths". In 1965, Barrett joined them as "The Tea Set", and when they found themselves playing a concert with a band of the same name, Barrett came up with the name "The Pink Floyd Sound" (later "The Pink Floyd"). He devised the name "Pink Floyd" by juxtaposing the first names of [[Pink Anderson]] and [[Floyd Council]] whom he had read about in a sleeve note by [[Paul Oliver]] for a 1962 [[Blind Boy Fuller]] LP (Philips BBL-7512): ''"[[Curley Weaver]] and Fred McMullen, (...) [[Pink Anderson]] or [[Floyd Council]]—these were a few amongst the many blues singers that were to be heard in the rolling hills of the [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont]], or meandering with the streams through the wooded valleys"''.

While Pink Floyd began by playing cover versions of American [[R&B]] songs (in much the same vein as contemporaries [[The Rolling Stones]], [[The Yardbirds]] and [[The Kinks]]), by 1966 they had carved out their own style of improvised rock and roll, which drew as much from improvised [[jazz]] as it did from British pop-rock, such as that championed by [[The Beatles]]. In that year, a new rock concert venue, the [[UFO Club|UFO]], opened in [[London]] and quickly became a haven for British [[psychedelic music]]. Pink Floyd, the house band,<ref>{{cite web | last = Exploring 20th century London | title = 20th Century London: Youth Culture & Fashion | url = http://www.20thcenturylondon.org.uk/server.php?show=nav.36 | accessdate = 2007-05-11 }}</ref> was their most popular attraction, and, after making appearances at the rival [[The Roundhouse|Roundhouse]], became the most popular musical group of the so-called "[[UK underground|London Underground]]" psychedelic music scene.<ref name="pal001">Palacios, Julian. ''Lost In The Woods: Syd Barrett and the Pink Floyd'' (Boxtree, 1997) ISBN 0-7522-2328-3</ref>

By the end of 1966 Pink Floyd had gained a reliable management team in Andrew King and [[Peter Jenner]]. The duo soon befriended American expatriate [[Joe Boyd]], who was making a name for himself as one of the more important entrepreneurs on the British music scene. Boyd produced a recording session for the group in January 1967 at Sound Techniques in Chelsea, which resulted in a demo of the single "[[Arnold Layne]]". King and Jenner took the song to the recording behemoth [[EMI]], who were impressed enough to offer the band a contract, under which they would be allowed to record an album. The band accepted. By the time the album was released, "Arnold Layne" had reached number 20 on the British singles charts (despite a ban by the BBC) and a follow-up single, "[[See Emily Play]]" had done even better, peaking at number 6.

These first two singles, as well as a third ("Apples and Oranges"), were written by Syd Barrett, who also was the principal visionary/author of their critically acclaimed 1967 debut album, ''[[The Piper at the Gates of Dawn]]''. The album's title was taken from the mystical "Pan" chapter of ''[[The Wind in the Willows]]''. Of the 11 songs on ''The Piper at the Gates of Dawn'', Barrett wrote eight and co-wrote another two.<ref>EMI Records Ltd., "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn" insert</ref>

''The Piper at the Gates of Dawn'' was recorded intermittently between January and July 1967 in Studio 2 at Abbey Road Studios. At that same time at Abbey Road the Beatles were recording ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' in Studio 1 and the [[Pretty Things]] were recording ''[[S.F. Sorrow]]''. When ''The Piper at the Gates of Dawn'' was released in August of that year, it became a smash hit in the UK, hitting #6 on the British album charts (the album was not nearly so successful in the USA). However, as the band began to attract a large fanbase, the pressures on Barrett contributed to his experiencing increasing psychiatric illness.

Barrett's behaviour became increasingly unpredictable, partly as a consequence of frequent experimentation with psychedelic drugs such as [[LSD]].<ref name="pal001" /> Many report having seen him on stage with the group, strumming on one chord through the entire concert, or not playing at all<ref>{{cite web | last = Economist.com | title = Syd Barrett, obituary | url = http://www.economist.com/obituary/displaystory.cfm?story_id=7188674 | accessdate = 2007-06-18 }}</ref>. At a show at [[The Fillmore|The Fillmore West]] in [[San Francisco]], during a performance of "[[Interstellar Overdrive]]", Barrett slowly detuned his guitar. The audience seemed to enjoy such antics, unaware of the rest of the band's consternation. Before a performance in late 1967, Barrett apparently crushed [[Mandrax]] and an entire tube of [[Brylcreem]] into his hair, which subsequently melted down his face under the heat of the stage lighting, making him look like "a guttered candle".<ref>Schaffner, Nicholas. ''Saucerful of Secrets: The Pink Floyd Odyssey'' (Delta, 1991) ISBN 0-385-30684-9, p. xv</ref> Nick Mason later disputed the Mandrax portion of this story, stating that "Syd would never waste good mandies".<ref name="tw009">Willis, Tim. ''Madcap: The Half-Life of Syd Barrett, Pink Floyd's Lost Genius'' (Short Books, 2002) ISBN 1-904095-24-0</ref>

Following a disastrous abridged tour of the [[United States]], [[David Gilmour]] (a school friend of Barrett's) was asked to join the band as a second guitarist to cover for Barrett as Barrett's erratic behaviour prevented him from performing. For a handful of shows David played and sang while Barrett wandered around on stage, occasionally deigning to join in playing. The other band members soon tired of Barrett's antics and, in January 1968, on the way to a show at [[Southampton University]], the band elected not to pick Barrett up: One person in the car said, "Shall we pick Syd up?" and another person said, "Lets not bother" (Gilmour interview in Guitar World - January 1995). They attempted to retain him in the group as a songwriter, much as The [[Beach Boys]] had with [[Brian Wilson]], but this proved impossible.

There are many stories about Barrett's bizarre and intermittently [[psychotic]] behaviour &mdash; some are known to be true. According to Roger Waters, Barrett came into what was to be their last practice session with a new song he had dubbed "[[Have You Got It, Yet?]]". The song seemed simple enough when he first presented it to his bandmates, but it soon became impossibly difficult to learn: while they were practising it, Barrett kept changing the arrangement. He would then play it again, with the arbitrary changes, and sing "Have you got it yet?". Eventually they realised they never would and that they were simply bearing the brunt of Barrett's [[idiosyncratic]] sense of humour.<ref name="tp001">DiLorenzo, Kris. "Syd Barrett: Careening Through Life." ''Trouser Press'' February 1978 pp. 26-32 [http://www.schizophrenia.com/stories/sbarrett.htm]</ref>

Barrett did not contribute any material to the band after ''[[A Saucerful of Secrets]]'' was released in 1968. Of the songs he wrote for Pink Floyd after ''The Piper at the Gates of Dawn'', only one ("[[Jugband Blues]]") made it to the band's second album; one became a less-than-successful single ("Apples and Oranges"), and two others ("[[Scream Thy Last Scream]]" and "[[Vegetable Man]]") were never officially released. Barrett supposedly spent some time outside the recording studio, waiting to be invited in (he also showed up to a few gigs and glared at Gilmour). Barrett played slide guitar on "[[Remember a Day]]" (which had been recorded during the ''The Piper at the Gates of Dawn'' sessions) and (according to a 1993 ''[[Guitar World]]'' interview with Gilmour) also played on "[[Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun]]". His main contribution to the album, "[[Jugband Blues]]," is often seen by Pink Floyd fans as Barrett's admission that his days in the band were probably numbered ("It's awfully considerate of you to think of me here/And I'm most obliged to you for making it clear/that I'm not here", the song opens). In March 1968 it was officially announced that he was no longer a member of Pink Floyd.

===Solo years (1968&ndash;1972)===

After leaving Pink Floyd, Barrett distanced himself from the public eye. However, at the behest of EMI and [[Harvest Records]], he did have a brief solo career, releasing two solo albums, ''[[The Madcap Laughs]]'' and ''[[Barrett (album)|Barrett]]''. Much of the material on both albums dates from Barrett's most productive period of songwriting, late 1966 to mid 1967, and it is believed that he wrote few new songs after he left Pink Floyd.

The first album, ''The Madcap Laughs'', was recorded in two distinct sessions, both at Abbey Road Studios: a few tentative sessions took place between May and June 1968 (produced by Peter Jenner), while the bulk of the album was recorded between April and July 1969. The record was produced first by Malcolm Jones, a young EMI executive, and then by David Gilmour and Roger Waters. In "The Making of the Madcap Laughs" by Malcolm Jones, he states "when Dave came to me and said that Syd wanted him and Roger to do the remaining parts of the album, I acquiesced." A few tracks on the album feature overdubs by members of the band [[Soft Machine]]. Barrett also played guitar on the sessions for [[Soft Machine]] founder [[Kevin Ayers]]' debut LP ''[[Joy of a Toy]]'', although his performance on "Religious Experience" was not released until the album was reissued in 2003.

The second album, ''Barrett'', was recorded more sporadically than the first, with sessions taking place between February and July 1970. This effort sounds more polished than the first, but Barrett was arguably in a worse state. The album was produced by David Gilmour and featured Gilmour on bass guitar, Rick Wright on keyboard and [[Humble Pie]] drummer [[Jerry Shirley]].

Despite the numerous recording dates for his two solo albums, Barrett undertook very little musical activity between 1968 and 1972 outside the studio. On [[24 February]] [[1970]], he appeared on [[John Peel]]'s [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]] radio programme ''[[Top Gear (Music show)|Top Gear]]'' playing five songs - only one of which had been previously released. Three would be re-recorded for the ''Barrett'' album, while the song "Two of a Kind" was a one-off performance (the song appears on the 2001 compilation ''[[The Best of Syd Barrett: Wouldn't You Miss Me?]]'') with the lyrics and composition having since been credited to Richard Wright. Barrett was accompanied on this session by David Gilmour and Jerry Shirley who played bass and percussion, respectively.

Gilmour and Shirley also backed Barrett for his one and only live concert during this period. The gig took place on [[6 June]] [[1970]] at the Olympia Exhibition Hall, London, and was part of a ''Music and Fashion Festival''. The trio performed four songs, playing for less than half an hour, and because of poor mixing, the vocals were inaudible until part-way through the last number. At the end of the fourth song, Barrett unexpectedly but politely put down his guitar and walked off the stage.

Barrett made one last appearance on BBC Radio, recording three songs at their studios on [[16 February]] [[1971]]. All three came from the ''Barrett'' album, and were presumably aired to encourage people to buy the record. After this session, he would take a hiatus from his music career that lasted more than a year, although in an extensive interview with [[Mick Rock]] and ''Rolling Stone'' in December, he discussed himself at length, showed off his new 12-string guitar, talked about his American tour with [[Jimi Hendrix]], and stated that he was frustrated in terms of his musical work because of his inability to find anyone good to play with.<ref name="rs009">Rock, Mick. "The Madcap Who Named Pink Floyd" ''Rolling Stone'' December 1971 [http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10829789/the_madcap_who_named_pink_floyd]</ref>

===Later years (1972–2006)===
====Final recordings====
In 1972, Barrett formed a short-lived band called [[Stars (UK band)|Stars]] with ex-[[Pink Fairies]] member [[Twink (musician)|Twink]] on drums and [[Jack Monck]] on bass. Though the band was initially well received, one of their gigs at the [[Cambridge Corn Exchange|Corn Exchange]] in [[Cambridge]] proved to be disastrous (Monck describes just how disastrous it was in a TV interview in 2001 for the BBC Omnibus series documentary 'Crazy Diamond'). A few days after this final show, Twink recalled that Barrett stopped him on the street, showed him a scathing review of the gig they had played, and quit on the spot.<ref name="tw009" />

In August 1974, Peter Jenner convinced Barrett to return to [[Abbey Road Studios]] in hope of recording another album. However, little became of the sessions, which lasted three days and consisted of blues rhythm tracks with tentative and disjointed guitar overdubs (the only titled track is "If You Go, Don't Be Slow"). Once again, Barrett withdrew from the music industry. He sold the rights to his solo albums back to the record label, moved into a London hotel and when the money ran out he walked back to Cambridge to live in his mother's basement. Further attempts to bring him back (including one endeavour by [[The Damned]] who wanted him to produce their second album) were all fruitless. Until his death, Barrett still received royalties from his work with Pink Floyd from each compilation and some of the live albums and singles that had featured his songs; Gilmour has commented that he (Gilmour) "[made] sure the money [got] to him all right".

====Withdrawal to Cambridge====
According to a 2005 profile by a recent biographer Tim Willis, Barrett, who had reverted to using his original name of Roger, continued to live in his late mother's semi-detached home in [[Cambridge, England|Cambridge]], and had returned to his original art-form of [[painting]], creating large abstract canvases. He was also said to have been an avid [[gardening|gardener]]. His main point of contact with the outside world was his sister, Rosemary, who lived nearby. While reclusive, it was his physical health that prompted most concern, being afflicted with [[stomach ulcer]]s and [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes]].<ref>{{ cite news | url = http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/the_madness_and_majesty_of_pink_floyd| work = Rolling Stone | date=[[2007-04-05]] | title = The Madness and Majesty of Pink Floyd | first = Mikal | last = Gilmore}} </ref>

Although Barrett had not appeared or spoken in public since the mid-1970s, time did little to diminish interest in his life and work; reporters and fans still travelled to Cambridge to seek him out, despite his attempts to live a quiet life. Many photos of Barrett being annoyed by [[paparazzi]] when walking or biking, from the 1980s until his death in 2006, had been published in various media.

Apparently, Barrett was not happy being reminded about his past as a musician and the other members of Pink Floyd had no direct contact with him. However, he did go to his sister's house in November 2001 to watch the BBC ''Omnibus'' documentary made about him – reportedly he found some of it "too noisy", enjoyed seeing Mike Leonard (of Leonard's Lodgers) again (who he called his mentor), and enjoyed hearing "[[See Emily Play]]" again.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://observer.guardian.co.uk/magazine/story/0,11913,804928,00.html | work = The Observer | date = [[2002-10-06]] | title = You shone like the sun | accessdate = 2007-02-17 }}</ref>
Barrett's sister did not tell him that the documentary was about him (as the family was very protective of the young man) but somehow Barrett found out and didn't think it was bad (Mojo magazine - 2005? 2006?)

==== Death and aftermath ====
Barrett died on Friday [[7 July]], [[2006]] at his home in [[Cambridge]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/features/2007/10/17/aaee1dd0-7c67-4d25-9b4f-9226ba104acc.lpf | publisher = Cambridge Evening News | date = [[17 October]] [[2007]] | title = Seeing Pink - a Floyd gazetteer of Cambridge | accessdate = 2007-11-02 }}</ref> He died of [[pancreatic cancer]],<ref>Watkinson, Mike and Pete Anderson. ''Crazy Diamond: Syd Barrett and the Dawn of "Pink Floyd"'' (Omnibus Press, 1993) ISBN 0-7119-8835-8. [http://www.pinkfloydz.com/crazydiamond.htm as excerpted on Pinkfloydz.com]</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Off-Key | first = Chuck | last = Klosterman | accessdate = 2007-02-17 | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/31/magazine/31barrett_landy.t.html?ex=1325221200&en=08156bea3fee17a1&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss | publisher = ''[[New York Times]]'' | date = [[31 December]] [[2006]] }}</ref> but this was usually reported as "complications from diabetes."<ref name="nme002">NME News. "Pink Floyd legend Syd Barrett dies". ''New Musical Express Online'' July 11, 2006 [http://www.nme.com/news/pink-floyd/23570]</ref> The occupation on his death certificate was given as "retired musician."<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=395165&in_page_id=1773 | work = Daily Mail | date = [[2006-07-12]] | title = Pink Floyd founder dies aged 60 | accessdate = 2007-08-14 }}</ref>

In 2006, his home, located in St. Margaret's Square, was placed on the market, and reportedly attracted considerable interest.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cambridgeshire/5335494.stm | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[11 September]] [[2006]] | title = Syd Barrett's home on the market | accessdate = 2007-02-17 }}</ref> After over 100 viewings, many by fans, his house was sold to a [[France|French]] couple who bought the house simply because they liked it and reportedly knew nothing about Barrett.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://music.guardian.co.uk/rock/story/0,,2140401,00.html | publisher = [[The Guardian]] | date = [[4 August]] [[2007]] | title = Making tracks: Visiting England's semi-secret rock shrines | accessdate = 2007-08-06 }}</ref> His other possessions were auctioned for £120,000.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/city/2007/06/29/507f70dd-dbf7-41f8-b3ef-d857b607f6bc.lpf | publisher = Cambridge Evening News | date = [[29 June]] [[2007]] | title = Syd's poem auctioned for £4,600 | accessdate = 2007-07-14 }}</ref> [[NME]] produced a tribute issue to Barrett the week after with a photo of the songwriter on the cover.

In his will, Barrett left approximately £1.25 million to his two brothers and two sisters. This income was largely acquired via royalties from Pink Floyd compilations and live recordings to feature songs he had written whilst with the band.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/city/2006/11/11/bb09a36c-c919-4977-b8ae-f346a8fc9542.lpf | publisher = Cambridge Evening News | date = [[11 November]] [[2006]] | title = Barrett leaves £1.25m | accessdate = 2007-08-06 }}</ref>

A tribute concert was held at the [[Barbican Centre]], London on [[10 May]] [[2007]] with [[Robyn Hitchcock]], [[Captain Sensible]], [[Damon Albarn]], [[Chrissie Hynde]], [[Kevin Ayers]] and his Pink Floyd bandmates performing.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6643779.stm | publisher = BBC NEWS | date = [[11 May]] [[2007]] | title = Floyd play at Barrett tribute gig | accessdate = 2007-09-17 }}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==

Revision as of 18:08, 29 March 2008

Syd Barrett

Roger Keith "Syd" Barrett (6 January 19467 July 2006) was an English singer, songwriter, guitarist, and artist. He is most remembered as a founding member of progressive rock pioneers Pink Floyd, providing major musical and stylistic direction in their early work, although he left the group in 1968 amidst stories of mental illness and burnout due to drug use.

He was active as a rock musician for about seven years, recording two albums with Pink Floyd and two influential solo albums before going into self-imposed seclusion lasting more than thirty years. His post-rock band life was as an artist and keen gardener, ending with his death in 2006, and a number of biographies have been written about him since the 1980s. During his withdrawal from public life there were numerous speculative, although largely appreciative works done for him, most notably his former band Pink Floyd's 1975 album Wish You Were Here.

Biography

Early years

Barrett was born at 60 Glisson Road in the English city of Cambridge to a middle-class family. His father, Arthur Max Barrett, was a prominent pathologist, and both he and his wife, Winifred, encouraged the young Roger (as he was known then) in his music. At the age of three, he moved to 183 Hills Road. After his brothers and sisters left home, his mother rented out rooms to lodgers, including a future Prime Minister of Japan.[1] Barrett acquired the nickname "Syd" at the age of 14, a reference to an old local Cambridge drummer, Sid Barrett. Syd Barrett changed the spelling in order to differentiate himself from his namesake.[2] His father died of cancer on 11 December 1961, less than a month before Barrett's 16th birthday. He attended Cambridgeshire High School for Boys, now known as Hills Road Sixth Form College in Cambridge and enrolled in Camberwell art school in South London in 1964 before forming his first band in 1965. During this pre-Pink Floyd time he wrote such tunes as "Effervescing Elephant" to play at local parties.[3][4]

Pink Floyd years (1964–1968)

Starting in 1964, the band that would become Pink Floyd underwent various line-up and name changes such as "The Abdabs", "The Screaming Abdabs", "Sigma 6" and "The Meggadeaths". In 1965, Barrett joined them as "The Tea Set", and when they found themselves playing a concert with a band of the same name, Barrett came up with the name "The Pink Floyd Sound" (later "The Pink Floyd"). He devised the name "Pink Floyd" by juxtaposing the first names of Pink Anderson and Floyd Council whom he had read about in a sleeve note by Paul Oliver for a 1962 Blind Boy Fuller LP (Philips BBL-7512): "Curley Weaver and Fred McMullen, (...) Pink Anderson or Floyd Council—these were a few amongst the many blues singers that were to be heard in the rolling hills of the Piedmont, or meandering with the streams through the wooded valleys".

While Pink Floyd began by playing cover versions of American R&B songs (in much the same vein as contemporaries The Rolling Stones, The Yardbirds and The Kinks), by 1966 they had carved out their own style of improvised rock and roll, which drew as much from improvised jazz as it did from British pop-rock, such as that championed by The Beatles. In that year, a new rock concert venue, the UFO, opened in London and quickly became a haven for British psychedelic music. Pink Floyd, the house band,[5] was their most popular attraction, and, after making appearances at the rival Roundhouse, became the most popular musical group of the so-called "London Underground" psychedelic music scene.[6]

By the end of 1966 Pink Floyd had gained a reliable management team in Andrew King and Peter Jenner. The duo soon befriended American expatriate Joe Boyd, who was making a name for himself as one of the more important entrepreneurs on the British music scene. Boyd produced a recording session for the group in January 1967 at Sound Techniques in Chelsea, which resulted in a demo of the single "Arnold Layne". King and Jenner took the song to the recording behemoth EMI, who were impressed enough to offer the band a contract, under which they would be allowed to record an album. The band accepted. By the time the album was released, "Arnold Layne" had reached number 20 on the British singles charts (despite a ban by the BBC) and a follow-up single, "See Emily Play" had done even better, peaking at number 6.

These first two singles, as well as a third ("Apples and Oranges"), were written by Syd Barrett, who also was the principal visionary/author of their critically acclaimed 1967 debut album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn. The album's title was taken from the mystical "Pan" chapter of The Wind in the Willows. Of the 11 songs on The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, Barrett wrote eight and co-wrote another two.[7]

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn was recorded intermittently between January and July 1967 in Studio 2 at Abbey Road Studios. At that same time at Abbey Road the Beatles were recording Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band in Studio 1 and the Pretty Things were recording S.F. Sorrow. When The Piper at the Gates of Dawn was released in August of that year, it became a smash hit in the UK, hitting #6 on the British album charts (the album was not nearly so successful in the USA). However, as the band began to attract a large fanbase, the pressures on Barrett contributed to his experiencing increasing psychiatric illness.

Barrett's behaviour became increasingly unpredictable, partly as a consequence of frequent experimentation with psychedelic drugs such as LSD.[6] Many report having seen him on stage with the group, strumming on one chord through the entire concert, or not playing at all[8]. At a show at The Fillmore West in San Francisco, during a performance of "Interstellar Overdrive", Barrett slowly detuned his guitar. The audience seemed to enjoy such antics, unaware of the rest of the band's consternation. Before a performance in late 1967, Barrett apparently crushed Mandrax and an entire tube of Brylcreem into his hair, which subsequently melted down his face under the heat of the stage lighting, making him look like "a guttered candle".[9] Nick Mason later disputed the Mandrax portion of this story, stating that "Syd would never waste good mandies".[10]

Following a disastrous abridged tour of the United States, David Gilmour (a school friend of Barrett's) was asked to join the band as a second guitarist to cover for Barrett as Barrett's erratic behaviour prevented him from performing. For a handful of shows David played and sang while Barrett wandered around on stage, occasionally deigning to join in playing. The other band members soon tired of Barrett's antics and, in January 1968, on the way to a show at Southampton University, the band elected not to pick Barrett up: One person in the car said, "Shall we pick Syd up?" and another person said, "Lets not bother" (Gilmour interview in Guitar World - January 1995). They attempted to retain him in the group as a songwriter, much as The Beach Boys had with Brian Wilson, but this proved impossible.

There are many stories about Barrett's bizarre and intermittently psychotic behaviour — some are known to be true. According to Roger Waters, Barrett came into what was to be their last practice session with a new song he had dubbed "Have You Got It, Yet?". The song seemed simple enough when he first presented it to his bandmates, but it soon became impossibly difficult to learn: while they were practising it, Barrett kept changing the arrangement. He would then play it again, with the arbitrary changes, and sing "Have you got it yet?". Eventually they realised they never would and that they were simply bearing the brunt of Barrett's idiosyncratic sense of humour.[11]

Barrett did not contribute any material to the band after A Saucerful of Secrets was released in 1968. Of the songs he wrote for Pink Floyd after The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, only one ("Jugband Blues") made it to the band's second album; one became a less-than-successful single ("Apples and Oranges"), and two others ("Scream Thy Last Scream" and "Vegetable Man") were never officially released. Barrett supposedly spent some time outside the recording studio, waiting to be invited in (he also showed up to a few gigs and glared at Gilmour). Barrett played slide guitar on "Remember a Day" (which had been recorded during the The Piper at the Gates of Dawn sessions) and (according to a 1993 Guitar World interview with Gilmour) also played on "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun". His main contribution to the album, "Jugband Blues," is often seen by Pink Floyd fans as Barrett's admission that his days in the band were probably numbered ("It's awfully considerate of you to think of me here/And I'm most obliged to you for making it clear/that I'm not here", the song opens). In March 1968 it was officially announced that he was no longer a member of Pink Floyd.

Solo years (1968–1972)

After leaving Pink Floyd, Barrett distanced himself from the public eye. However, at the behest of EMI and Harvest Records, he did have a brief solo career, releasing two solo albums, The Madcap Laughs and Barrett. Much of the material on both albums dates from Barrett's most productive period of songwriting, late 1966 to mid 1967, and it is believed that he wrote few new songs after he left Pink Floyd.

The first album, The Madcap Laughs, was recorded in two distinct sessions, both at Abbey Road Studios: a few tentative sessions took place between May and June 1968 (produced by Peter Jenner), while the bulk of the album was recorded between April and July 1969. The record was produced first by Malcolm Jones, a young EMI executive, and then by David Gilmour and Roger Waters. In "The Making of the Madcap Laughs" by Malcolm Jones, he states "when Dave came to me and said that Syd wanted him and Roger to do the remaining parts of the album, I acquiesced." A few tracks on the album feature overdubs by members of the band Soft Machine. Barrett also played guitar on the sessions for Soft Machine founder Kevin Ayers' debut LP Joy of a Toy, although his performance on "Religious Experience" was not released until the album was reissued in 2003.

The second album, Barrett, was recorded more sporadically than the first, with sessions taking place between February and July 1970. This effort sounds more polished than the first, but Barrett was arguably in a worse state. The album was produced by David Gilmour and featured Gilmour on bass guitar, Rick Wright on keyboard and Humble Pie drummer Jerry Shirley.

Despite the numerous recording dates for his two solo albums, Barrett undertook very little musical activity between 1968 and 1972 outside the studio. On 24 February 1970, he appeared on John Peel's BBC radio programme Top Gear playing five songs - only one of which had been previously released. Three would be re-recorded for the Barrett album, while the song "Two of a Kind" was a one-off performance (the song appears on the 2001 compilation The Best of Syd Barrett: Wouldn't You Miss Me?) with the lyrics and composition having since been credited to Richard Wright. Barrett was accompanied on this session by David Gilmour and Jerry Shirley who played bass and percussion, respectively.

Gilmour and Shirley also backed Barrett for his one and only live concert during this period. The gig took place on 6 June 1970 at the Olympia Exhibition Hall, London, and was part of a Music and Fashion Festival. The trio performed four songs, playing for less than half an hour, and because of poor mixing, the vocals were inaudible until part-way through the last number. At the end of the fourth song, Barrett unexpectedly but politely put down his guitar and walked off the stage.

Barrett made one last appearance on BBC Radio, recording three songs at their studios on 16 February 1971. All three came from the Barrett album, and were presumably aired to encourage people to buy the record. After this session, he would take a hiatus from his music career that lasted more than a year, although in an extensive interview with Mick Rock and Rolling Stone in December, he discussed himself at length, showed off his new 12-string guitar, talked about his American tour with Jimi Hendrix, and stated that he was frustrated in terms of his musical work because of his inability to find anyone good to play with.[12]

Later years (1972–2006)

Final recordings

In 1972, Barrett formed a short-lived band called Stars with ex-Pink Fairies member Twink on drums and Jack Monck on bass. Though the band was initially well received, one of their gigs at the Corn Exchange in Cambridge proved to be disastrous (Monck describes just how disastrous it was in a TV interview in 2001 for the BBC Omnibus series documentary 'Crazy Diamond'). A few days after this final show, Twink recalled that Barrett stopped him on the street, showed him a scathing review of the gig they had played, and quit on the spot.[10]

In August 1974, Peter Jenner convinced Barrett to return to Abbey Road Studios in hope of recording another album. However, little became of the sessions, which lasted three days and consisted of blues rhythm tracks with tentative and disjointed guitar overdubs (the only titled track is "If You Go, Don't Be Slow"). Once again, Barrett withdrew from the music industry. He sold the rights to his solo albums back to the record label, moved into a London hotel and when the money ran out he walked back to Cambridge to live in his mother's basement. Further attempts to bring him back (including one endeavour by The Damned who wanted him to produce their second album) were all fruitless. Until his death, Barrett still received royalties from his work with Pink Floyd from each compilation and some of the live albums and singles that had featured his songs; Gilmour has commented that he (Gilmour) "[made] sure the money [got] to him all right".

Withdrawal to Cambridge

According to a 2005 profile by a recent biographer Tim Willis, Barrett, who had reverted to using his original name of Roger, continued to live in his late mother's semi-detached home in Cambridge, and had returned to his original art-form of painting, creating large abstract canvases. He was also said to have been an avid gardener. His main point of contact with the outside world was his sister, Rosemary, who lived nearby. While reclusive, it was his physical health that prompted most concern, being afflicted with stomach ulcers and type 2 diabetes.[13]

Although Barrett had not appeared or spoken in public since the mid-1970s, time did little to diminish interest in his life and work; reporters and fans still travelled to Cambridge to seek him out, despite his attempts to live a quiet life. Many photos of Barrett being annoyed by paparazzi when walking or biking, from the 1980s until his death in 2006, had been published in various media.

Apparently, Barrett was not happy being reminded about his past as a musician and the other members of Pink Floyd had no direct contact with him. However, he did go to his sister's house in November 2001 to watch the BBC Omnibus documentary made about him – reportedly he found some of it "too noisy", enjoyed seeing Mike Leonard (of Leonard's Lodgers) again (who he called his mentor), and enjoyed hearing "See Emily Play" again.[14] Barrett's sister did not tell him that the documentary was about him (as the family was very protective of the young man) but somehow Barrett found out and didn't think it was bad (Mojo magazine - 2005? 2006?)

Death and aftermath

Barrett died on Friday 7 July, 2006 at his home in Cambridge.[15] He died of pancreatic cancer,[16][17] but this was usually reported as "complications from diabetes."[18] The occupation on his death certificate was given as "retired musician."[19]

In 2006, his home, located in St. Margaret's Square, was placed on the market, and reportedly attracted considerable interest.[20] After over 100 viewings, many by fans, his house was sold to a French couple who bought the house simply because they liked it and reportedly knew nothing about Barrett.[21] His other possessions were auctioned for £120,000.[22] NME produced a tribute issue to Barrett the week after with a photo of the songwriter on the cover.

In his will, Barrett left approximately £1.25 million to his two brothers and two sisters. This income was largely acquired via royalties from Pink Floyd compilations and live recordings to feature songs he had written whilst with the band.[23]

A tribute concert was held at the Barbican Centre, London on 10 May 2007 with Robyn Hitchcock, Captain Sensible, Damon Albarn, Chrissie Hynde, Kevin Ayers and his Pink Floyd bandmates performing.[24]

Legacy

Wish You Were Here sessions

Barrett had one noted reunion with the members of Pink Floyd in 1975 during the recording sessions for Wish You Were Here. Barrett attended the Abbey Road session unannounced, and watched the band record "Shine On You Crazy Diamond" — as it happened, a song about him. By that time, Barrett had become quite overweight, had shaved off all of his hair, including his eyebrows, and his ex-bandmates did not at first recognise him (one of the photographs in Nick Mason's book Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd appears to have been taken that day; it is captioned: Syd Barrett at Abbey Road Studios, 5th June 1975). Eventually, they realised who he was and Roger Waters was so distressed that he was reduced to tears. A reference to this reunion appears in the film Pink Floyd The Wall (1982), where the character 'Pink,' played by Bob Geldof, shaves off his eyebrows (and body hair) after succumbing to the pressures of life and fame.

In an interview for the 2001 BBC Omnibus documentary Syd Barrett: Crazy Diamond (later released on DVD as The Pink Floyd and Syd Barrett Story), the story is told in full. Rick Wright spoke about the session, saying: "One thing that really stands out in my mind, that I'll never forget; I was going in to the "Shine On" sessions. I went in the studio and I saw this guy sitting at the back of the studio, he was only as far away as you are from me. And I didn't recognize him. I said, 'Who's that guy behind you?' 'That's Syd'. And I just cracked up, I couldn't believe it... he had shaven all his hair off... I mean, his eyebrows, everything... he was jumping up and down brushing his teeth, it was awful. And, uh, I was in, I mean Roger was in tears, I think I was; we were both in tears. It was very shocking... seven years of no contact and then to walk in while we're actually doing that particular track. I don't know – coincidence, karma, fate, who knows? But it was very, very, very powerful". In the same documentary, Nick Mason stated: "When I think about it, I can still see his eyes, but... it was everything else that was different". In that same interview, Roger Waters has said: "I had no idea who he was for a very long time". David Gilmour stated : "None of us recognised him. Shaved...shaved bald head and very plump".

Compilations

In 1988, EMI Records released an album of Barrett's studio outtakes and previously unreleased material recorded from 1968 to 1970 under the title Opel. The disc was originally set to include the unreleased Barrett Pink Floyd songs "Scream Thy Last Scream" and "Vegetable Man", which had been remixed for the album by Malcolm Jones. However, the two songs were pulled (reportedly by the remaining members of Pink Floyd) before Opel was finalized.

In 1993 EMI issued another release, Crazy Diamond, a box set of all three albums, each loaded with further out-takes from his solo sessions that illustrated vividly Barrett's inability or refusal to play a song the same way twice.

EMI also released The Best of Syd Barrett: Wouldn't You Miss Me? in the UK on April 16 2001, and in the US on September 11 2001. This was the first time his song "Bob Dylan Blues" was ever officially released, taken from a demo tape that David Gilmour had kept after an early 1970s recording session. Gilmour still has the tape, which also contains the unreleased "Living Alone" from the Barrett sessions.[25]

A number of bootleg LPs, CDs and other recordings of Barrett's live and solo material exist.

For years the "off air" recordings of the BBC sessions with Barrett's Pink Floyd circulated, until an engineer who had taken a tape of the early Pink Floyd gave it back to the BBC—who played it during a tribute to John Peel on their website. During this tribute, the first Peel programme (Top Gear) was aired in its entirety. This show featured 1967 live versions of "Flaming", "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun", and a brief 90-second snippet of the instrumental "Reaction in G".

Creative impact and technical innovation

Barrett's first acoustic guitar

Barrett wrote most of the Pink Floyd's early material. He was also an innovative guitarist, using extended techniques and exploring the musical and sonic possibilities of dissonance, distortion, feedback, the echo machine, tapes and other effects; his experimentation was partly inspired by free improvisation guitarist Keith Rowe. One of Barrett's trademarks was playing his guitar through an old echo box while sliding a Zippo lighter up and down the fret-board to create the mysterious, otherworldly sounds that became associated with the group. Barrett was known to have used Binson delay units to achieve his trademark echo sounds.

Barrett brought the guitar in a new direction. His free-form sequences of sonic carpets pioneered a new way to play the rock guitar.[26] He played several different guitars during his tenure with Pink Floyd, including an old Harmony hollowbody electric, a Harmony acoustic, a Fender acoustic, a Danelectro 59 DC, several different Fender Telecasters, and a white Fender Stratocaster used in late 1967. However, a silver Telecaster Esquire with mirrored discs glued to the body was the guitar he was most often associated with and the guitar Barrett himself "felt most close to."[12]

Musical and pop culture influence

Many artists have acknowledged Barrett's influence on their work. Paul McCartney, Pete Townshend, Marc Bolan, and David Bowie were early fans; Jimmy Page, Brian Eno, and The Damned all expressed interest in working with him at some point during the 1970s. Bowie recorded a cover of "See Emily Play" on his 1973 album Pin Ups. Townshend called Barrett legendary. More recently, the English band Kasabian have said that their third album will contain a song that "sounds like Syd Barrett".[27]

Barrett's decline had a profound effect on Roger Waters's songwriting, and the theme of mental illness would permeate Pink Floyd's later albums, particularly 1973's Dark Side of the Moon and 1975's Wish You Were Here which was a deliberate and affectionate tribute to Barrett, the song "Shine On You Crazy Diamond" being specifically about him.

Other artists that have written tributes to Barrett include his contemporary Kevin Ayers, who wrote "Oh Wot a Dream" in his honour (Barrett provided guitar to an early version of Ayers' song "Religious Experience: Singing a Song in the Morning"). Barrett fan Robyn Hitchcock has covered many of his songs live and on record, and has paid homage to his forebear with the songs "The Man Who Invented Himself" and "(Feels Like) 1974". The Television Personalities' track "I Know Where Syd Barrett Lives" from their 1981 album And Don't the Kids Love It is another tribute. (The Television Personalities became the subject of controversy and derision when, as they had been selected as the opening act on David Gilmour's About Face tour in the early 1980s, lead singer Dan Treacy decided to read aloud Barrett's real home address to the audience of thousands. Gilmour removed them from the tour immediately afterwards.)[28]

Johnny Depp has shown interest in a biographical film based on Barrett's life.[29]

Barrett is also portrayed briefly in the opening scene of Tom Stoppard's play Rock 'n' Roll (2006), performing Golden Hair. His life and music, including the disastrous Cambridge Corn Exchange concert and his later reclusive lifestyle, are a recurring motif in the work. Barrett died during the play's run in London.

Mental state

There has been much speculation concerning the psychological well-being of Syd Barrett. Many believe he suffered from schizophrenia.[30][11] [31] A diagnosis of bipolar disorder has also been considered.[32]

Barrett's use of psychedelic drugs, especially LSD, during the 1960s is well documented. Some believe that Barrett's drug use was responsible for, or at least contributed to, his mental illness. In an article published in 2006, Gilmour was quoted as saying: "In my opinion, his breakdown would have happened anyway. It was a deep-rooted thing. But I'll say the psychedelic experience might well have acted as a catalyst. Still, I just don't think he could deal with the vision of success and all the things that went with it."[33]

Many stories of Barrett's erratic behaviour off stage as well as on are also well-documented. In Saucerful of Secrets: The Pink Floyd Odyssey, author Nicholas Schaffner interviewed a number of people who knew Barrett before and during his Pink Floyd days. These included friends Peter and Susan Wynne-Wilson, artist Duggie Fields (with whom Barrett shared a flat during the late 1960s), June Bolan and Storm Thorgerson, among others.

"For June Bolan, the alarm bells began to sound only when Syd kept his girlfriend under lock and key for three days, occasionally shoving a ration of biscuits under the door."[34] A claim of cruelty against Barrett committed by the groupies and hangers-on who frequented his apartment during this period was described by writer and critic Jonathan Meades. "I went [to Barrett's flat] to see Harry and there was this terrible noise. It sounded like heating pipes shaking. I said, 'What's up?' and he sort of giggled and said, 'That's Syd having a bad trip. We put him in the linen cupboard.'"[35] Storm Thorgerson responded to this claim by stating "I do not remember locking Syd up in a cupboard. It sounds to me like pure fantasy, like Jonathan Meades was on dope himself."[36]

However, in the book Crazy Diamond: Syd Barrett and the Dawn of Pink Floyd, authors Mike Watkinson and Pete Anderson wrote of a story told to them by Storm Thorgerson that underscored how volatile Barrett could be. "On one occasion, I had to pull him off Lynsey (Barrett's girlfriend at the time) because he was beating her over the head with a mandolin."[37]

According to David Gilmour in an interview with Nick Kent, the other members of Pink Floyd approached psychiatrist R.D. Laing with the 'Barrett problem'. After hearing a tape of a Barrett conversation, Laing declared him incurable.[38][39]

David Gilmour proposed, in an interview with the National Post's John Geiger, that the stroboscopic lights used in their shows combined with the drugs could have had a seriously detrimental effect on Barrett's mental health if he was a photo-epileptic who suffered partial seizures. When partial seizures occur in the temporal lobes patients are often misdiagnosed with schizophrenia or psychosis.[40]

After Barrett died, his sister, Rosemary Breen, spoke to biographer Tim Willis for The Sunday Times. She insisted that Barrett neither suffered from mental illness nor received treatment for it at any time since they resumed regular contact in the 1980s. She allowed that he did spend some time in a private “home for lost souls” — Greenwoods in Essex — but claimed there was no formal therapy programme there. Some years later, Barrett apparently agreed to sessions with a psychiatrist at Fulbourn psychiatric hospital in Cambridge, but Breen claimed that neither medication nor therapy was considered appropriate in her brother's case.

His sister denied he was a recluse or that he was vague about his past: "Roger may have been a bit selfish — or rather self-absorbed — but when people called him a recluse they were really only projecting their own disappointment. He knew what they wanted but he wasn’t willing to give it to them." Barrett, she said, took up photography, and sometimes they went to the seaside together. "Quite often he took the train on his own to London to look at the major art collections — and he loved flowers. He made regular trips to the Botanic Gardens and to the dahlias at Anglesey Abbey, near Lode. But of course, his passion was his painting", she said.[41]

Discography

Singles with Pink Floyd

Albums with Pink Floyd

Compilations with Pink Floyd (featuring his work)

Solo albums

Appears On

  • Joy of a Toy by Kevin Ayers (November 1969) Plays guitar on "Religious Experience: Singing A Song In The Morning" - bonus track on remastered 2003 CD.

Solo compilations

Solo radio session recordings

  • The Peel Session (1 July, 1991): Recorded for John Peel's BBC radio show "Top Gear" with David Gilmour and Jerry Shirley backing. Contains the otherwise unrecorded "Two of a Kind".
  • The Radio One Sessions (March, 2004): The album contains the five songs of from The Peel Session and bootleg-quality recordings of three songs broadcast on the Bob Harris radio show in 1971. [6]

Solo singles

Other

Filmography

References

  1. ^ "Seeing Pink - a Floyd gazetteer of Cambridge". Cambridge Evening News. 17 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-02. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ Mason, Nick. Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004) ISBN 978-0-29784-387-0.
  3. ^ Bloomberg.com Pink Floyd Founder `Syd' Barrett Dies of Diabetes (Update2) Accessed July 2006
  4. ^ The Australian[dead link] Obituary - Accessed July 2006
  5. ^ Exploring 20th century London. "20th Century London: Youth Culture & Fashion". Retrieved 2007-05-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ a b Palacios, Julian. Lost In The Woods: Syd Barrett and the Pink Floyd (Boxtree, 1997) ISBN 0-7522-2328-3
  7. ^ EMI Records Ltd., "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn" insert
  8. ^ Economist.com. "Syd Barrett, obituary". Retrieved 2007-06-18.
  9. ^ Schaffner, Nicholas. Saucerful of Secrets: The Pink Floyd Odyssey (Delta, 1991) ISBN 0-385-30684-9, p. xv
  10. ^ a b Willis, Tim. Madcap: The Half-Life of Syd Barrett, Pink Floyd's Lost Genius (Short Books, 2002) ISBN 1-904095-24-0
  11. ^ a b DiLorenzo, Kris. "Syd Barrett: Careening Through Life." Trouser Press February 1978 pp. 26-32 [1]
  12. ^ a b Rock, Mick. "The Madcap Who Named Pink Floyd" Rolling Stone December 1971 [2]
  13. ^ Gilmore, Mikal (2007-04-05). "The Madness and Majesty of Pink Floyd". Rolling Stone. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ "You shone like the sun". The Observer. 2002-10-06. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ "Seeing Pink - a Floyd gazetteer of Cambridge". Cambridge Evening News. 17 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-02. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ Watkinson, Mike and Pete Anderson. Crazy Diamond: Syd Barrett and the Dawn of "Pink Floyd" (Omnibus Press, 1993) ISBN 0-7119-8835-8. as excerpted on Pinkfloydz.com
  17. ^ Klosterman, Chuck (31 December 2006). "Off-Key". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ NME News. "Pink Floyd legend Syd Barrett dies". New Musical Express Online July 11, 2006 [3]
  19. ^ "Pink Floyd founder dies aged 60". Daily Mail. 2006-07-12. Retrieved 2007-08-14. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  20. ^ "Syd Barrett's home on the market". BBC News. 11 September 2006. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ "Making tracks: Visiting England's semi-secret rock shrines". The Guardian. 4 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ "Syd's poem auctioned for £4,600". Cambridge Evening News. 29 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-14. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ "Barrett leaves £1.25m". Cambridge Evening News. 11 November 2006. Retrieved 2007-08-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ "Floyd play at Barrett tribute gig". BBC NEWS. 11 May 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ Parker, David. Random Precision: Recording the Music of Syd Barrett 1965-1974 (Cherry Red, 2003) ISBN 1901447251
  26. ^ Denyer, Ralph (1992). The Guitar Handbook. London: Dorling Kindersley Ltd. ISBN 0-679-74275-1, p 23
  27. ^ Third Kasabian album influenced by Syd Barrett and Hip-Hop - GIGWISE
  28. ^ Schaffner, p. 123
  29. ^ Douglas, Edward (29 June 2005). "In the Future: Chocolate Factory Cast & Crew". Coming Soon.net. Retrieved 2006-07-13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ Greene, Andy. "Syd Barrett (1946-2006): Founding frontman and songwriter for Pink Floyd dead at 60." Rolling Stone Jul 11, 2006 [4]
  31. ^ Schizophrenia Daily News Blog. "Syd Barrett, Founder of Pink Floyd band, Sufferer of Schizophrenia, Passed Away this Week." July 12, 2006 [5]
  32. ^ BetweenPlanets.co.uk. Syd Barrett Obituary: "A Movement is Completed in Six Stages." July 12, 2006.
  33. ^ "Syd Barrett, the swinging 60". The Independent. 7 January 2006. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ Schaffner, p. 77
  35. ^ Schaffner, p. 110
  36. ^ Schaffner, p. 110
  37. ^ Watkinson, p. 83
  38. ^ Kent, Nick. Syd Barrett feature. New Musical Express, April 13, 1974.
  39. ^ Schaffner, pp. 106-107
  40. ^ "Shine on". The National Post. 12 July 2006. p. A11. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ Cite error: The named reference wil002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  42. ^ Chart Positions

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