Jump to content

Anne, Princess Royal: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Official duties: tidy messy insert; second link does not work
Finneganw (talk | contribs)
2,055 edits
Undid revision 272426333 by Miesianiacal (talk)
Line 69: Line 69:
==Official duties==
==Official duties==
[[Image:Dean Bradford and Princess Anne.jpg|right|thumb|The Princess Royal visits the [[USNS Comfort (T-AH-20)|USNS ''Comfort'']] on 11 July 2002, while the ship was docked in [[Southampton]], [[England]].]]
[[Image:Dean Bradford and Princess Anne.jpg|right|thumb|The Princess Royal visits the [[USNS Comfort (T-AH-20)|USNS ''Comfort'']] on 11 July 2002, while the ship was docked in [[Southampton]], [[England]].]]
As Princess Royal, Princess Anne undertakes a number of official duties on behalf of her mother, in her role as sovereign of any of the [[Commonwealth realm]]s. Anne began to undertake official royal duties overseas upon leaving secondary school,<ref name=BuckEarly /> and accompanied her parents on a [[state visit]] to [[Austria]] in the same year.<ref name=BuckPR>{{cite web| url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page5600.asp| title=The Royal Family > Members of the Royal Family > HRH The Princess Royal > Public Role| publisher=Buckingham Palace| accessdate=2008-10-22}}</ref> She will sometimes stand in for the Queen at the funerals of foreign dignitaries (which the Queen customarily does not attend), and resides at [[Holyrood Palace]] in [[Edinburgh]] each summer, hosting engagements there. The Princess also travels abroad on behalf of the United Kingdom up to three times a year; she was the first member of the Royal Family to make an official visit to the [[USSR]] when she went there as a guest of the government in 1990.<ref name=BuckPR /> The Princess' first tour of [[Australia]] was with her parents in 1970, since which she has returned on numerous occasions to undertake official engagements as a [[colonel-in-chief]] of an Australian regiment, or to attend memorials and services, such as the National Memorial Service for Bushfire Victims in [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]], on 22 February 2009.<ref>{{cite news| title=Bushfire memorial echoes grief and hope| language=English| publisher=9News| date=22 February 2009| url=http://news.ninemsn.com.au/national/755462/thousands-to-mourn-vic-bushfire-dead| accessdate=22 February 2009}}</ref>
As Princess Royal, Princess Anne undertakes a number of official duties on behalf of her mother, in her role as sovereign of any of the [[Commonwealth realm]]s. Her first visit to [[Australia]] was with her parents in 1970. Since then she has returned on numerous occasions, the latest being as official representative of the [[Queen of Australia]] at the National Memorial Service for Bushfire Victims in [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]] on 22 February 2009. <ref> Bushfire memorial echoes grief and hope - http://news.ninemsn.com.au/national/755462/thousands-to-mourn-vic-bushfire-dead </ref> <ref> Princess Anne in bushfires tribute - http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk-news/7904115.stm</ref>
Anne began to undertake official royal duties overseas upon leaving secondary school,<ref name=BuckEarly /> and accompanied her parents on a [[state visit]] to [[Austria]] in the same year.<ref name=BuckPR>{{cite web| url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page5600.asp| title=The Royal Family > Members of the Royal Family > HRH The Princess Royal > Public Role| publisher=Buckingham Palace| accessdate=2008-10-22}}</ref> She will sometimes stand in for the Queen at the funerals of foreign dignitaries (which the Queen customarily does not attend), and resides at [[Holyrood Palace]] in [[Edinburgh]] each summer, hosting engagements there. The Princess also travels abroad on behalf of the United Kingdom up to three times a year; she was the first member of the Royal Family to make an official visit to the [[USSR]] when she went there as a guest of the government in 1990.<ref name=BuckPR />


Following the retirement of the Queen Mother in 1981, Anne was [[University of London Chancellor election, 1981|elected by graduates]] of the [[University of London]] as that institution's [[University of London#Chancellors|Chancellor]]. Throughout May 1996, the Princess served as [[Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland|Her Majesty's High Commissioner]] to the [[General Assembly of the Church of Scotland]], which granted her, for the duration of the appointment, a higher precedence in Scotland, and the alternative style of ''Her Grace''. In 2007, the Princess Royal had the honour of being appointed by the Queen as [[Grand Master (order)|Grand Master]] of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], a position her late grandmother had also held.
Following the retirement of the Queen Mother in 1981, Anne was [[University of London Chancellor election, 1981|elected by graduates]] of the [[University of London]] as that institution's [[University of London#Chancellors|Chancellor]]. Throughout May 1996, the Princess served as [[Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland|Her Majesty's High Commissioner]] to the [[General Assembly of the Church of Scotland]], which granted her, for the duration of the appointment, a higher precedence in Scotland, and the alternative style of ''Her Grace''. In 2007, the Princess Royal had the honour of being appointed by the Queen as [[Grand Master (order)|Grand Master]] of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], a position her late grandmother had also held.

Revision as of 10:24, 22 February 2009

"Princess Anne" redirects here. For other princesses called Anne, and other meanings of this name, see Princess Anne (disambiguation).
"The Princess Royal" redirects here. For other people known as Princess Royal, see Princess Royal.
Anne
Princess Royal
SpouseMark Phillips
(m. 1973, div. 1992)
Timothy Laurence
(m. 1992)
IssuePeter Phillips
Zara Phillips
Names
Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise[1]
HouseHouse of Windsor
FatherPhilip, Duke of Edinburgh
MotherElizabeth II

The Princess Anne, Princess Royal (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise; born 15 August 1950) is the only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of her birth, she was third in the line of succession to the thrones of seven independent states; however, after additions to the Royal Family, and an evolution of the Commonwealth, Anne is currently tenth in line to the thrones of 16 countries. She is resident in and most directly involved with the United Kingdom, the oldest realm, while also carrying out duties in and on behalf of the other states of which her mother is sovereign.

One of the most popular and respected members of the House of Windsor, she carries out about 700 royal engagements and public appearances per year.

The seventh holder of the title Princess Royal, Anne is known for her charitable work being the patron of over 200 organizations. The Princess Royal is also known for equestrian talents; she won two silver and one gold medal at the European Eventing Championships, and is the only member of the British Royal Family to have competed in the Olympic Games. She is presently married to Timothy Laurence, and has two children from her previous marriage to Mark Phillips.

Early life and education

Anne was born at Clarence House on 15 August 1950, the second child and first daughter of then Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, and Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and second grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Baptised in the Music Room of Buckingham Palace on 21 October 1950, by then Archbishop of York, Cyril Garbett, the Princess' godparents were her great-uncle, Louis Mountbatten, Earl Mountbatten of Burma; Andrew Elphinstone; her maternal-line grandmother; her paternal-line grandmother, Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark; and her aunt, The Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. By letters patent of Anne's great-grandfather, King George V, the titles of a British prince or princess, and the style Royal Highness, were only to be conferred on male-line children and grandchildren of the sovereign, as well as the children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales. However, on 22 October 1948, George VI issued new letters patent granting these honours to any children of Princess Elizabeth and Prince Philip; otherwise, Anne would have merely have been titled by courtesy as Lady Anne Mountbatten. In this way, the children of the heiress presumptive had a Royal and Princely status (Princess Margaret would not marry till 1960).

A Girl Guides company, the 1st Buckingham Palace Company including the Holy Trinity Brompton Brownie pack, was reformed in May 1959 specifically so that, like her mother, Anne could socialize with girls her own age. The Princess Royal was active until 1963 when she went to boarding school.[2]

As with royal children before her, a governess, Catherine Peebles, was appointed to look after the Princess and was responsible for her early education at Buckingham Palace;[3] Peebles had also served as governess for Anne's older brother, Charles. When George VI died, and Anne's mother acceeded to the throne as Queen Elizabeth II, Anne was thereafter titled as Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne. Given her young age at the time, the Princess did not attend her mother's coronation. Anne remained under private tutelage until she was enrolled at Benenden School in 1963, graduating five years later with six O-Levels and two A-Levels.[3]

Anne's first boyfriend was Andrew Parker Bowles, a former equerry to the Queen. No marriage was possible because he was a Roman Catholic (marriage to a Roman Catholic would have meant Anne's removal from the line of succession).

First marriage

Royal family of
the United Kingdom and the
other Commonwealth realms
Badge of the House of Windsor

On 14 November 1973, Princess Anne married Mark Phillips, then a Lieutenant in the 1st Queen's Dragoon Guards, at Westminster Abbey, in a ceremony that was televised around the world, with an estimated audience of 100 million. It was believed that the Queen had offered Phillips an earldom on his wedding day, as was customary for untitled men marrying into the Royal Family. However, the offer was turned down, perhaps at the behest of Anne, who wanted to shield her future children from the publicity that titles might bring. The couple did have two children, both of whom, like their mother, were born on the 15th day of a month. They thus became the first grandchildren of a Sovereign to carry no title, though they are not the first of a Princess to carry no title: the children of Princess Alexandra, the Queen's cousin, are also untitled.

Following the wedding, Anne and her husband lived at Gatcombe Park. By 1989, however, the Princess Royal and Mark Phillips announced their intention to separate, as the marriage had been under strain for a number of years. The couple divorced on 23 April 1992.[4]

Kidnapping attempt

As Princess Anne and Mark Phillips were returning to Buckingham Palace on 20 March 1974, from a charity event on Pall Mall, their Austin Princess limousine was forced to stop by a Ford Escort,[5] the driver of which– Ian Ball– jumped out and began firing a gun. James Beaton, the Princess' personal police officer, responded by exiting the limousine in order to shield the Princess and try to disarm Ball. Beaton's firearm, a Walther PPK, jammed, and he was shot by the assailant, as was Anne's chauffeur, Alex Callendar, when he tried to disarm Ball,[6] Brian McConnell, a passerby who also intervened, and a man in a passing taxi. Ball approached the Austin Princess and told Anne of his kidnapping plan, which was to hold the Princess for ransom, the sum given varying sources as £2 million,[7] or £3 million to the National Health Service.[5] Ball then directed Anne to get out of the car, to which she replied: "Not bloody likely!", and briefly considered hitting Ball.[8] Eventually, she dived out of the other side of the limousine, and another passing pedestrian punched Ball in the back of the head and then led Anne away from the scene. At that point, Police Constable Michael Hills happened upon the situation; he too was shot by Ball, but not before he called for police backup. Detective Constable Peter Edmonds, who had been nearby, answered and gave chase, finally arresting Ball.[6]

All of the victims were hospitalised, and recovered from their wounds. For his defence of Princess Anne, Beaton was awarded the George Cross, while Callender, McConnell, Russell, Hills, and Edmonds were each given the Queen's Gallantry Medal.[5] Ball pleaded guilty to attempted murder and kidnapping, and was detained under the Mental Health Act, being sent to the Broadmoor Hospital, where he remains. He later placed strange advertisements in a magazine, directing readers to his Web site, which offers £1 million to anyone who can prove Ball's theory that the whole incident took place a year after, and formed a part of a long-standing and elaborate persecution of Ball by a policeman.

The incident was the closest in modern times that any individual has come to kidnapping a member of the Royal Family, and prompted higher security levels for the Royals. It also served as the focus of the 2006 Granada Television produced docu-drama, To Kidnap a Princess, as well as a real-life story line to the Tom Clancy novel "Patriot Games".

Second marriage

Anne married Timothy Laurence, then a commander in the Royal Navy, at Crathie Kirk, near Balmoral Castle, on 12 December 1992. The couple chose to marry in Scotland as the Church of England did not allow divorced persons to remarry in its churches, while the Church of Scotland did. In participating in this ceremony, Anne became the first Royal divorcée to remarry since Victoria, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine, did so in 1905. Like Phillips before him, Laurence received no peerage, and the couple leased a flat in Dolphin Square, London. They later gave up this city home and resided between an apartment at Buckingham Palace and Gatcombe Park. Anne had no children with Laurence.

Convictions

The Princess Royal faced criminal court charges in March 2001, when she pleaded guilty to driving at 93mph on a dual carriageway, while on her way to Hartpury College in Gloucestershire. She was fined £400 by Cheltenham Magistrate's Court, and had five points added to her driving licence.[9] The following year, she was convicted of a second offence under the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991, after she pleaded guilty to the charge that her dog, Dotty, attacked two boys while she and Laurence were taking the dog for a walk in Windsor Great Park. The Princess was fined £500 by Berkshire Magistrates' Court and ordered to give Dotty more training.[10]

Personal interests

Pharology is a focus of interest for Princess Anne; she made it an ambition to personally see each of Scotland's 215 lighthouses, often touring them with the Northern Lighthouse Board, of which Anne is patron. It is thought the interest stems from Anne's visit, when she was five years old, to Tiumpan Head with her mother.[11]Princess Anne is also patron of Sense (The National Deafblind and Rubella Association), having become a patron in 1986. Sense is a national charity in the United Kingdom that supports and campaigns for children and adults who are deafblind. It provides specialist information, advice and services to deafblind people, their families, carers and the professionals who work with them. In addition, it supports people who have sensory impairments with additional disabilities. The Princess Royal takes a great interest in the work of this charity and hosts a number of events to raise money for its continued good work in the community and beyond.

Equestrianism

Anne, Princess Royal
Medal record
Equestrian
European Championships
Gold medal – first place 1971 Burghley Individual eventing
Silver medal – second place 1975 Luhmuhlen Team eventing
Silver medal – second place 1975 Luhmuhlen Individual eventing

Anne has always shown a keen interest in horses and equine pursuits. At the age of 21, the Princess won the individual title at the European Eventing Championship, and was voted the BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 1971. For more than five years she also competed with the British eventing team, winning a silver medal in both individual and team disciplines in the 1975 European Eventing Champioship, riding the home-bred Doublet. The following year Anne participated in the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal as a member of the British team, riding the Queen's horse, Goodwill. On 5 February 1987, she became the first Royal to appear as a contestant on a television quiz-show when she competed on the BBC panel game A Question of Sport.

Official duties

The Princess Royal visits the USNS Comfort on 11 July 2002, while the ship was docked in Southampton, England.

As Princess Royal, Princess Anne undertakes a number of official duties on behalf of her mother, in her role as sovereign of any of the Commonwealth realms. Her first visit to Australia was with her parents in 1970. Since then she has returned on numerous occasions, the latest being as official representative of the Queen of Australia at the National Memorial Service for Bushfire Victims in Melbourne, Australia on 22 February 2009. [12] [13]

Anne began to undertake official royal duties overseas upon leaving secondary school,[3] and accompanied her parents on a state visit to Austria in the same year.[14] She will sometimes stand in for the Queen at the funerals of foreign dignitaries (which the Queen customarily does not attend), and resides at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh each summer, hosting engagements there. The Princess also travels abroad on behalf of the United Kingdom up to three times a year; she was the first member of the Royal Family to make an official visit to the USSR when she went there as a guest of the government in 1990.[14]

Following the retirement of the Queen Mother in 1981, Anne was elected by graduates of the University of London as that institution's Chancellor. Throughout May 1996, the Princess served as Her Majesty's High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which granted her, for the duration of the appointment, a higher precedence in Scotland, and the alternative style of Her Grace. In 2007, the Princess Royal had the honour of being appointed by the Queen as Grand Master of the Royal Victorian Order, a position her late grandmother had also held.

The Princess Royal carries out the most engagements of any member of the Royal Family, and is involved with over 200 charities and organisations in an official capacity. She works extensively for Save the Children, of which she has been president since 1970, and she initiated The Princess Royal Trust for Carers in 1991; her work for the charity takes her all over the world, including many poverty stricken African nations. She is also the Royal Patron of WISE, an organisation that encourages young women to pursue careers in Science, Engineering and Construction.[15] Her extensive work for St. John Ambulance as Commandant-in-Chief of St. John Ambulance Cadets has helped to develop many young people, as she annually attends the Grand Prior Award Reception. She is also a British representative in the International Olympic Committee as an administrator, and is a member of the London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games.

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

Royal styles of
HRH The Princess Royal
Reference styleHer Royal Highness
Spoken styleYour Royal Highness
Alternative styleMa'am
  • 15 August 1950– 6 February 1952: Her Royal Highness Princess Anne of Edinburgh
  • 6 February 1952– 14 November 1973: Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne
  • 14 November 1973– 13 June 1987: Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne, Mrs Mark Phillips
  • 13 June 1987–: Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal

The Princess' British style and title in full: Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise, The Princess Royal, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, Dame Grand Cross and Grand Master of the Royal Victorian Order, Grand Master of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. In 1996, Anne was entitled to be called Her Grace The Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.

Anne is the seventh creation of the title Princess Royal, an appellation only given to the eldest daughter of the sovereign, the last holder being George V's daughter, Princess Mary, Countess of Harewood.

Honours

Appointments
Decorations
Foreign honours

Honorary military appointments

The Princess Royal on the balcony of Buckingham Palace and in uniform, far right.
The Princess Royal passes behind the Princess Anne Banner at a parade for the 75th anniversary of the Royal Australian Corps of Signals, 5 July 2000.

As with other senior royals, Princess Anne holds a number of honorary appointments in the armed forces of several Commonwealth realms. In 2002, she became the first non-reigning woman to attend a funeral in uniform when she wore a that of the Royal Navy at the funeral of her grandmother, the Queen Mother.

Anne is of the following regiments, corps, and branches:

Australia Australia
Canada Canada
New Zealand New Zealand
United Kingdom United Kingdom

Arms

Coat of arms of Anne, Princess Royal
Notes
The Princess' personalized coat of arms are those of the arms of the sovereign in right of the United Kingdom with a label for difference.
Escutcheon
Quarterly 1st and 4th gules three lions passant guardant or 2nd or a lion rampant gules within a double tressure flory counterflory gules 3rd azure a harp or stringed argent
Other elements
The whole differenced by a label of three points argent, first and third charged with a St George's cross the second with a heart gules
Banner
The Princess' personal Royal Standard is that of the sovereign in right of the United Kingdom, labelled for difference as in her arms.
Symbolism
As with the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom. The first and fourth quarters are the arms of England, the second of Scotland, the third of Ireland.

Ancestry

Family of Anne, Princess Royal
16. Christian IX of Denmark
8. George I of Greece
17. Louise of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)
4. Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark
18. Grand Duke Konstantine Nicholaievich of Russia
9. Olga Konstantinovna of Russia
19. Alexandra Iosifovna of Altenburg
2. Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark
20. Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine
10. Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven
21. Julia von Hauke
5. Princess Alice of Battenberg
22. Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse
11. Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine
23. Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
1. Anne, Princess Royal
24. Edward VII of the United Kingdom
12. George V of the United Kingdom
25. Alexandra of Denmark
6. George VI of the United Kingdom
26. Francis, Duke of Teck
13. Mary of Teck
27. Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
3. Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
28. Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne
14. Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne
29. Frances Dora Smith
7. Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
30. Charles William Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck
15. Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck
31. Caroline Louisa Burnaby

Issue

Name Birth Marriage Issue
Peter Phillips 15 November 1977 17 May 2008 Autumn Kelly
Zara Phillips 15 May 1981

References

  1. ^ As a titled royal, Anne does not hold, nor ever has held, a surname, but, when required, her maiden name is Mountbatten-Windsor
  2. ^ "Royal Support for the Scouting and Guiding Movements". Official Website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
  3. ^ a b c "The Royal Family > Members of the Royal Family > HRH The Princess Royal > Early Life and Education". Buckingham Palace. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  4. ^ Brozan, Nadine (24 April 1992), "Chronicle", New York Times
  5. ^ a b c Daily Express, 21 August 2006
  6. ^ a b "On This Day > 20 March > 1974: Kidnap attempt on Princess Anne". BBC. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  7. ^ "Princess foiled 1974 kidnap plot". BBC. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  8. ^ Agence France-Presse (2 January 2005), "Kidnap the Princess? Not bloody likely!", The Age {{citation}}: Check |author-link= value (help)
  9. ^ "Princess Anne fined for speeding". BBC. 13 March 2001. Retrieved 2006-05-31. She saw the police car and believed it was waiting to escort her on her journey.
  10. ^ "Princess Royal fined over dog attack". BBC. 21 November 2002. Retrieved 2006-05-31.
  11. ^ McDermott, Nick (14 July 2008), "Princess Anne's secret personal quest to visit every lighthouse in Scotland", Daily Mail
  12. ^ Bushfire memorial echoes grief and hope - http://news.ninemsn.com.au/national/755462/thousands-to-mourn-vic-bushfire-dead
  13. ^ Princess Anne in bushfires tribute - http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk-news/7904115.stm
  14. ^ a b "The Royal Family > Members of the Royal Family > HRH The Princess Royal > Public Role". Buckingham Palace. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  15. ^ WISE Patrons
  16. ^ a b "St George's Chapel > History > Orders of Chivalry". St George's Chapel. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  17. ^ "The Royal Famliy > Members of the Royal Family > HRH The Princess Royal". Buckingham Palace. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  18. ^ "Papua New Guinea visit". 2005.
  19. ^ Jackson, Michael (2007), Honours of the Crown, The Monarchist League of Canada
  20. ^ Canadian Forces Health Services Group, Bulletin November 2003
  21. ^ VAC article, 5 June 2004

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Anne, Princess Royal.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anne, Princess Royal.
Anne, Princess Royal
Born: 15 August 1950
British royalty
Preceded by Line of succession to the British Throne
10th position 		Succeeded by
Vacant
Title last held by
Princess Mary, Countess of Harewood 		Princess Royal
1987 – present 		Incumbent
Academic offices
Preceded by Chancellor of the University of London
1981 – present 		Incumbent
Honorary titles
Preceded by Grand Master of the Royal Victorian Order
2007 – present 		Incumbent
Preceded by BBC Sports Personality of the Year
1971 		Succeeded by
Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom
Preceded by Ladies
HRH The Princess Royal 		Succeeded by


Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anne,_Princess_Royal&oldid=272465309"