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'''Luxmanda''' is an archaeological site located in the north-central [[Babati District]] of [[Tanzania]]. It was discovered in 2012. Excavations in the area have identified it as the southernmost terminus of the [[Savanna Pastoral Neolithic]] |
'''Luxmanda''' is an archaeological site located in the north-central [[Babati District]] of [[Tanzania]]. It was discovered in 2012. Excavations in the area have identified it as the southernmost terminus of the [[Savanna Pastoral Neolithic]].<ref name="Langlely2017">{{cite journal|last1=Langley, Michelle C., Mary E. Prendergast, and Katherine M. Grillo|title=Organic technology in the Pastoral Neolithic: osseous and eggshell artefacts from Luxmanda, Tanzania|journal=Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences|date=2017|pages=1-14|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12520-017-0528-z|accessdate=15 October 2017}}</ref> This [[Pastoralism|pastoralist]] culture was centered in eastern Africa during a time period known as the Pastoral Neolithic (c.5000-1200 BP),<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Grillo|first=Katherine|last2=Prendergast|first2=Mary, et al.|date=2018|title=Pastoral Neolithic settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00934690.2018.1431476|journal=Journal of Field Archaeology|volume=43|pages=102-120|via=}}</ref> and is associated with the earliest [[Cushitic languages|Cushitic]]-speaking settlers in the [[African Great Lakes]] region.<ref name="Skoglund2017">{{cite journal|last1=Skoglund et al.|title=Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure|journal=Cell|date=September 21, 2017|volume=171|pages=59–71|url=http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(17)31008-5|accessdate=22 September 2017|quote=The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic sample Tanzania_Luxmanda_3100BP, a missing-link pastoralist population that almost certainly is responsible for having spread ancestry most closely related to the ancient Levant to southern Africa and which is also closely but not exclusively related to present-day Cushitic speakers}}</ref> [[Pottery|Ceramics]], lithics, worked bone, ivory, and ostrich eggshell assemblages in addition to livestock and human bones have been recovered from the site. [[Radiocarbon dating]] of human collagen, organic matter in ceramic artifacts, and charcoal indicate that Luxmanda was occupied during a period between 3,200 to 2,900 years ago.<ref name="Langlely2017"/> |
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Admixture clustering analysis of a 3,100 year old female skeleton exhumed at Luxmanda found that the ancient individual carried a large proportion of ancestry related to the [[Pre-Pottery Neolithic]] culture of the [[Levant]], as well as gene flow from neighboring hunter-gatherer populations (ca. 4,500 ybp). Haplogroup analysis also indicated that the specimen bore the [[Haplogroup L2 (mtDNA)|L2a1]] mtDNA clade. This altogether suggests that, through ''in situ'' interaction with the adjacent forager communities, the makers of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic were responsible for spreading ancient Levant-related ancestry in the lacustrine region where they had established new settlements.<ref name="Skoglund2017"/> |
Admixture clustering analysis of a 3,100 year old female skeleton exhumed at Luxmanda found that the ancient individual carried a large proportion of ancestry related to the [[Pre-Pottery Neolithic]] culture of the [[Levant]], as well as gene flow from neighboring hunter-gatherer populations (ca. 4,500 ybp). Haplogroup analysis also indicated that the specimen bore the [[Haplogroup L2 (mtDNA)|L2a1]] mtDNA clade. This altogether suggests that, through ''in situ'' interaction with the adjacent forager communities, the makers of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic were responsible for spreading ancient Levant-related ancestry in the lacustrine region where they had established new settlements.<ref name="Skoglund2017"/> |
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Revision as of 17:30, 14 May 2018
Luxmanda is an archaeological site located in the north-central Babati District of Tanzania. It was discovered in 2012. Excavations in the area have identified it as the southernmost terminus of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic.[1] This pastoralist culture was centered in eastern Africa during a time period known as the Pastoral Neolithic (c.5000-1200 BP),[2] and is associated with the earliest Cushitic-speaking settlers in the African Great Lakes region.[3] Ceramics, lithics, worked bone, ivory, and ostrich eggshell assemblages in addition to livestock and human bones have been recovered from the site. Radiocarbon dating of human collagen, organic matter in ceramic artifacts, and charcoal indicate that Luxmanda was occupied during a period between 3,200 to 2,900 years ago.[1]
Admixture clustering analysis of a 3,100 year old female skeleton exhumed at Luxmanda found that the ancient individual carried a large proportion of ancestry related to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic culture of the Levant, as well as gene flow from neighboring hunter-gatherer populations (ca. 4,500 ybp). Haplogroup analysis also indicated that the specimen bore the L2a1 mtDNA clade. This altogether suggests that, through in situ interaction with the adjacent forager communities, the makers of the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic were responsible for spreading ancient Levant-related ancestry in the lacustrine region where they had established new settlements.[3]
References
- ^ a b Langley, Michelle C., Mary E. Prendergast, and Katherine M. Grillo (2017). "Organic technology in the Pastoral Neolithic: osseous and eggshell artefacts from Luxmanda, Tanzania". Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences: 1–14. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Grillo, Katherine; Prendergast, Mary; et al. (2018). "Pastoral Neolithic settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania". Journal of Field Archaeology. 43: 102–120.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|first2=(help) - ^ a b Skoglund; et al. (September 21, 2017). "Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure". Cell. 171: 59–71. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
The Savanna Pastoral Neolithic sample Tanzania_Luxmanda_3100BP, a missing-link pastoralist population that almost certainly is responsible for having spread ancestry most closely related to the ancient Levant to southern Africa and which is also closely but not exclusively related to present-day Cushitic speakers
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last1=(help)