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Coordinates: 5°21′N 100°14′E / 5.350°N 100.233°E / 5.350; 100.233
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| leader_name4 = [[Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik]] ([[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|PKR]])
| leader_name4 = [[Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik]] ([[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|PKR]])
| leader_title4 = [[Balik Pulau (federal constituency)|Balik Pulau Member of Parliament]]
| leader_title4 = [[Balik Pulau (federal constituency)|Balik Pulau Member of Parliament]]
| name =
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=12 }}

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'''Balik Pulau''' is a town within the city of [[George Town, Penang|George Town]] in the [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|Malaysian state]] of [[Penang]].<ref name="island">{{Cite news|url=http://www.buletinmutiara.com/download/2015/BuletinMutiaraMay12015-BM.pdf|title=George Town meliputi ‘pulau’, jelas Datuk Bandar|last=|first=|date=1 May 2015|work=Buletin Mutiara|access-date=}}</ref> Located at the southwest of [[Penang Island]], it is also the administrative centre of the [[Southwest Penang Island District]].
'''Balik Pulau''' is a town within the jurisdiction of [[Penang Island City Council]] in the [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|Malaysian state]] of [[Penang]]. Located at the southwest of [[Penang Island]], it is also the administrative seat of the [[Southwest Penang Island District]].


The agricultural town of Balik Pulau was established in 1794 by the [[East India Company|British East India Company]]. To this day, the economy of Balik Pulau still relies heavily on agriculture; [[Penang]]'s most famous produce, including [[nutmeg]]s, [[clove]]s and [[durian]]s, are grown and harvested in the town.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/what-to-see/attractions/1627-the-back-of-the-island-balik-pulau.html|title=The Back of the Island - Balik Pulau|last=II|first=Administrator|website=www.visitpenang.gov.my|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420012717/http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/what-to-see/attractions/1627-the-back-of-the-island-balik-pulau.html|archive-date=2017-04-20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://mypenang.gov.my/suggesteditemfull-2652-a_day_in_balik_pulau.pgt|title=myPenang - A Day in Balik Pulau|website=mypenang.gov.my|access-date=2017-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175739/http://mypenang.gov.my/suggesteditemfull-2652-a_day_in_balik_pulau.pgt|archive-date=2017-03-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> These have also contributed to the town's growing tourism sector; Balik Pulau's reputation for its wide variety of [[durian]]s, for instance, attracts hordes of tourists between May and August each year.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/travel/forget-d24-and-maoshan-try-kampong-durians-in-penang|title=Forget D24 and Maoshan, try kampong durians in Penang|last=jalmsab@st|date=2015-07-13|work=The Straits Times|access-date=2017-03-15|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/14/travel/penang-travel-attractions/index.html|title=9 reasons Penang will rock your socks off|author=Marco Ferrarese|website=CNN|access-date=2017-03-15}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/eat-drink/article/from-jungle-durians-to-a-tour-our-pick-of-farms-to-visit-in-balik-pulau|title=From jungle durians to a tour, our pick of farms to visit in Balik Pulau|date=2015-06-28|access-date=2017-03-15}}</ref>
The agricultural town of Balik Pulau was established in 1794 by the [[East India Company|British East India Company]]. To this day, the economy of Balik Pulau still relies heavily on agriculture; [[Penang]]'s most famous produce, including [[nutmeg]]s, [[clove]]s and [[durian]]s, are grown and harvested in the town.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/what-to-see/attractions/1627-the-back-of-the-island-balik-pulau.html|title=The Back of the Island - Balik Pulau|last=II|first=Administrator|website=www.visitpenang.gov.my|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420012717/http://www.visitpenang.gov.my/portal3/what-to-see/attractions/1627-the-back-of-the-island-balik-pulau.html|archive-date=2017-04-20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://mypenang.gov.my/suggesteditemfull-2652-a_day_in_balik_pulau.pgt|title=myPenang - A Day in Balik Pulau|website=mypenang.gov.my|access-date=2017-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175739/http://mypenang.gov.my/suggesteditemfull-2652-a_day_in_balik_pulau.pgt|archive-date=2017-03-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> These have also contributed to the town's growing tourism sector; Balik Pulau's reputation for its wide variety of [[durian]]s, for instance, attracts hordes of tourists between May and August each year.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/travel/forget-d24-and-maoshan-try-kampong-durians-in-penang|title=Forget D24 and Maoshan, try kampong durians in Penang|last=jalmsab@st|date=2015-07-13|work=The Straits Times|access-date=2017-03-15|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/14/travel/penang-travel-attractions/index.html|title=9 reasons Penang will rock your socks off|author=Marco Ferrarese|website=CNN|access-date=2017-03-15}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/eat-drink/article/from-jungle-durians-to-a-tour-our-pick-of-farms-to-visit-in-balik-pulau|title=From jungle durians to a tour, our pick of farms to visit in Balik Pulau|date=2015-06-28|access-date=2017-03-15}}</ref>

Revision as of 04:55, 16 June 2020

For the federal constituency represented in the Malaysian Parliament, see Balik Pulau (federal constituency).
Balik Pulau
Town
Other transcription(s)
 • Jawiباليق ڤولاو
 • Simplified Chinese浮罗山背
 • Traditional Chinese浮羅山背
Map
Balik Pulau is located in George Town, Penang
Balik Pulau
Balik Pulau
Location within    George Town in    Penang
Coordinates: 5°21′N 100°14′E / 5.350°N 100.233°E / 5.350; 100.233
Country Malaysia
State Penang
DistrictSouthwest Penang Island
City George Town
Founded1794
Government
 • Local governmentPenang Island City Council
 • Mayor of Penang IslandYew Tung Seang
 • Pulau Betong State AssemblymanMohd Tuah Ismail (PKR)
 • Balik Pulau Member of ParliamentMuhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik (PKR)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total23,559
Time zoneUTC+8 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)Not observed
Postal code
11000
Area code(s)+6048
Websitewww.mbpp.gov.my

Balik Pulau is a town within the jurisdiction of Penang Island City Council in the Malaysian state of Penang. Located at the southwest of Penang Island, it is also the administrative seat of the Southwest Penang Island District.

The agricultural town of Balik Pulau was established in 1794 by the British East India Company. To this day, the economy of Balik Pulau still relies heavily on agriculture; Penang's most famous produce, including nutmegs, cloves and durians, are grown and harvested in the town.[2][3] These have also contributed to the town's growing tourism sector; Balik Pulau's reputation for its wide variety of durians, for instance, attracts hordes of tourists between May and August each year.[4][5][6]

While Balik Pulau, and by extension, the western part of Penang Island, is generally seen as quieter in comparison to the bustling city centre on the other side of the island, urbanisation has also reached the town in recent years, with more residential developments being planned for this part of Penang Island.[7]

Etymology

Balik Pulau means 'the back of the island' in Malay.[2] It refers to the town's location at the western side of Penang Island, geographically separated from George Town to the northeast by the island's central hills.

History

A gallery of images depicting the various cultural processions in Balik Pulau in the 1930s.
The Balik Pulau Chinese School procession in 1937.

The first clove and nutmeg plantations in Balik Pulau were set up by the British East India Company in 1794. During the early years of Company rule on Penang Island (then the Prince of Wales Island), spice cultivation was encouraged as a means to cover the administrative costs of the island.[8][9] The British also intended to turn the Prince of Wales Island into a centre for spice production in Southeast Asia in order to break the Dutch monopoly of the spice trade at the time.

During the first half of the 19th century, the clove and nutmeg farms of Balik Pulau attracted Malay refugees fleeing the Siamese invasion of Kedah, as well as Chinese immigrants who were then employed at the farms.[10]

The town centre, also known colloquially as 'Kongsi' (meaning 'to share' in Malay), was apparently named after the communal wooden longhouses that once existed within the heart of Balik Pulau.[11] Residents of various ethnicities, who worked at the plantations surrounding Balik Pulau, resided in these longhouses, hence the name. The town centre soon grew, with the addition of banks, schools, shops and a colonial fountain, which was erected in the late 19th century by a local Chinese businessman, Koh Seang Tat.[12]

For much of its history, Balik Pulau has been a rather quiet agricultural town, in stark contrast to the busier eastern side of Penang Island where the capital city, George Town, is situated. As agriculture does not feature prominently in Penang's economy, Balik Pulau is said to have the last remaining paddy fields in all of Penang Island.[11] On the other hand, the spillover of urbanisation from the eastern seaboard of Penang Island is also gathering pace in Balik Pulau, with residential properties are being planned for the town in recent years.[7]

Governance

The Southwest Penang Island District and Land Office in Balik Pulau.

Balik Pulau serves as the seat of the Southwest Penang Island District, as the district's Land Office is situated within the town. Moreover, the town is also home to the district's Magistrates Court.[13] However, as with the rest of Penang Island, Balik Pulau falls under the jurisdiction of the Penang Island City Council, which is based in George Town.

Demographics

Ethnic composition of Balik Pulau (2010)[1]
Ethnicities / Nationality Percentage
Malays
 
 71.54%
Other Bumiputeras
 
 0.48%
Chinese
 
 23.04%
Indians
 
 3.20%
Others
 
 0.34%
Non-Malaysians
 
 1.40%

According to most definitions, the town of Balik Pulau encompasses several mukims, namely Bagan Ayer Itam, Titi Teras, Kongsi, Kampong Paya, Sungai Burong, Pulau Betong, Dataran Ginting, Batu Itam, Bukit Balik Pulau and Pondok Upeh. Based on the 2010 National Census conducted by Malaysia's Department of Statistics, these mukims cumulatively contained a population of 23,559.[14]

Ethnic Malays formed almost 3⁄4 of Balik Pulau's population. The Chinese made up nearly 1⁄4 of the population, followed by the Indians at over 3%.[14]

Transportation

Balik Pulau Bus Terminal

Balik Pulau is served by three major roads which intersect within the town centre. Jalan Balik Pulau connects the town with the fishing village of Gertak Sanggul near the southwestern tip of Penang Island. As the road is also part of the pan-island Federal Route 6 which loops around Penang Island, it also links Balik Pulau with the other major urban centres on the island.

The eastbound Jalan Tun Sardon stretches through the island's central hills, providing a more direct link towards Paya Terubong and Bukit Jambul, while the north-bound Jalan Sungai Pinang leads towards Teluk Bahang near the northwestern tip of Penang Island.

In addition, six Rapid Penang bus routes include stops within Balik Pulau - 401, 401E, 403, 404, 501 and 502.[15][16][17][18][19][20] These bus routes link Balik Pulau with George Town, the Penang International Airport, Queensbay Mall, Bayan Baru and Teluk Bahang. Aside from these routes, in 2018, Rapid Penang launched a free-of-charge transit service within Balik Pulau, known as the Congestion Alleviation Transport (CAT).[21]

Education

Balik Pulau contains 17 primary schools, five high schools, an Islamic religious school, a government-run vocational college and an international school.

Primary schools

  • SRK Balik Pulau[22]
  • SRK Genting[23]
  • SRK Kongsi[24]
  • SRK St. George Balik Pulau[25]
  • SRK Sungai Korok[26]
  • SRK Sungai Pinang[27]
  • SRK Sungai Rusa[28]
  • SRK Tan Sri Awang Had Salleh[29]
  • SRK Titi Teras[30]
  • SRJK (C) Chin Hwa[31]
  • SRJK (C) Chong Teik[32]
  • SRJK (C) Pulau Betong[33]
  • SRJK (C) Sacred Heart[34]
  • SRJK (C) Sin Min[35]
  • SRJK (C) Tar Thong[36]
  • SRJK (C) Yeok Hua[37]
  • SRJK (C) Yu Chye[38]

High schools

  • SMK Pondok Upeh[39]
  • SMK Seri Balik Pulau[40]
  • MRSM Balik Pulau[41]
  • SMK St. George Balik Pulau[25]
  • Sacred Heart High School[34]

Islamic school

  • SMA Maahad Al Mashoor Al Islami[42]

Vocational college

  • Kolej Vokasional Balik Pulau[43]

International school

  • Prince of Wales International School[44]

Aside from these institutions, the Penang State Library also operates a branch within Balik Pulau.[45]

Health care

The basic health care needs of Balik Pulau's residents are served by the Balik Pulau Hospital, a public hospital located within the town. Run by Malaysia's Ministry of Health, it is one of the six public hospitals within the State of Penang.[46] The hospital is equipped with 71 beds and provides, among others, haemodialysis, emergency and infectious disease control services.

Tourist attractions

Balik Pulau market

Balik Pulau's attractions are more agricultural, alluding to the huge role agriculture has played in the town's economy and its laid-back pace of life. The town is famous for some of Penang's most well-known products - nutmegs, durians and cloves. In recent years, agricultural tourism is booming in Balik Pulau, as tourists from other states and abroad flock to the town to sample fresh durians and nutmegs.[2][3][4][5][6] For instance, Balik Pulau's durian orchards, which produce a wide variety of durian cultivars, are best visited during the durian harvesting season between May and August each year. Balik Pulau's nutmeg farms and shops also offer samples of nutmeg fruits and products, including nutmeg juice.[5][47]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Population Distribution and Basic Demographic Characteristics, 2010" (PDF). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
  2. ^ a b c II, Administrator. "The Back of the Island - Balik Pulau". www.visitpenang.gov.my. Archived from the original on 2017-04-20. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  3. ^ a b "myPenang - A Day in Balik Pulau". mypenang.gov.my. Archived from the original on 2017-03-15. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  4. ^ a b jalmsab@st (2015-07-13). "Forget D24 and Maoshan, try kampong durians in Penang". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  5. ^ a b c Marco Ferrarese. "9 reasons Penang will rock your socks off". CNN. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  6. ^ a b "From jungle durians to a tour, our pick of farms to visit in Balik Pulau". 2015-06-28. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  7. ^ a b "RM20bil projects in Penang S-W district - Business News | The Star Online". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  8. ^ "When Penang became a Spice Island". Penang Monthly. 21 January 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  9. ^ Khoo, Su Nin (2007). Streets of George Town, Penang. Penang: Areca Books. ISBN 9789839886009.
  10. ^ Administrator. "History Of Balik Pulau". www.istaybalikpulau.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-20. Retrieved 2016-10-20.
  11. ^ a b II, Administrator. "The Back of the Island - Balik Pulau". www.visitpenang.gov.my. Archived from the original on 2017-04-20. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  12. ^ Administrator. "History Of Balik Pulau". www.istaybalikpulau.com. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  13. ^ "Court Directory - Penang Bar Committee". Penang Bar Committee. Retrieved 2018-02-03.
  14. ^ a b "TABURAN PENDUDUK MENGIKUT PBT & MUKIM 2010". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
  15. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/401.gif
  16. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/401e.gif
  17. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/403.gif
  18. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/404.gif
  19. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/501.gif
  20. ^ http://www.rapidpg.com.my/journey-planner/route-maps/details/502.gif
  21. ^ "Buletin Mutiara". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2018-04-01.
  22. ^ "SK BALIK PULAU - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  23. ^ "SK GENTING - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  24. ^ "SK KONGSI - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  25. ^ a b "Education ministry plans to relocate SK, SMK St George (M)". 2016-05-24. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  26. ^ "SK SUNGAI KOROK - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  27. ^ "SK SUNGAI PINANG - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  28. ^ "SK SUNGAI RUSA - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  29. ^ "DIARI USM". diari.usm.my. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  30. ^ "SK TITI TERAS - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  31. ^ "SJK(C) CHIN HWA (PANTAI ACHEH) - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  32. ^ "SJK(C) CHONG TEIK - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  33. ^ "SJK(C) PULAU BETONG - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  34. ^ a b "Where Students Return to be Teachers". Where Students Return to be Teachers. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  35. ^ "SJK(C) SIN MIN - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  36. ^ "SJK(C) TAR THONG - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  37. ^ "SJK(C) YEOK HUA - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  38. ^ "SJK(C) YU CHYE - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  39. ^ "SMK PONDOK UPEH - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  40. ^ "SMK SERI BALIK PULAU - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  41. ^ "MRSM Balik Pulau". bpulau.mrsm.edu.my. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  42. ^ "SMA MAAHAD AL MASHOOR AL ISLAMI - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  43. ^ "KOLEJ VOKASIONAL BALIK PULAU - PULAU PINANG - Carian Sekolah Malaysia". www.sekolahmy.com (in Malay). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  44. ^ "Prince of Wales Island International School - Penang, Malaysia". POWIIS. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
  45. ^ "Penang Library Corporation".
  46. ^ "Balik Pulau Hospital". Penang Trails. 2016-05-30. Archived from the original on 2018-06-22. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  47. ^ "A chance to experience Penang through smells and tastes | Malaysia | Malay Mail Online". www.themalaymailonline.com. Archived from the original on 2018-03-01. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Balik Pulau.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Balik Pulau.
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