Clint Eastwood

Clinton Eastwood, Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor, Academy Award winning film director, film producer and composer. Eastwood is famous for his "tough guy" roles, including Dirty Harry and the Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's Spaghetti Westerns. As a director, Eastwood has become known for high-quality dramas imbued with a pessimistic tone, such as Unforgiven, Mystic River, and Million Dollar Baby.

Early life

Born in San Francisco, California on May 31 1930 to Clinton Eastwood, Sr. and Margaret Ruth Runner; the family is of Scottish, Irish, Dutch, and English descent. Eastwood was shaped in childhood by the Great Depression, which in turn left its mark on his later films.

Clint Sr., a sometime steel worker in the San Francisco Bay Area, was forced in the 1930s to seek work over a wide area of coastal and inland California. According to film scholar David Kehr, the Eastwoods, with only child Clint Jr., spent much of the decade in motion, an experience that would inform such movies as 1982's Honkytonk Man, with its migrant, "Okie" families. From his working-class childhood and upbringing, Eastwood the artist drew upon a perspective that was often far more archetypically middle-American than those of other California-born actors and directors. When he needed a mid-American backdrop from the 1950s for his 1988 film Bird, Eastwood used the elm-lined streets of central Sacramento, a distinctly un-Hollywood setting which he remembered from living there briefly as a child. That leafy cityscape, with its early 20th century clapboard houses, seems worlds removed from the hilly vistas and intellectual pretentions of the Bay Area and also from the sun-drenched glitz of Los Angeles, where Clint Jr. would live as a young man.

During high school, one of his teachers assigned him a part in a play to try to get him to be less introverted. He did not enjoy the experience.

Eastwood was drafted into the Army, apparently in 1951, during the Korean War. He was sent to Ft. Ord in California for basic training. He was supposed to be sent to the war in Korea, but on a trip home to Seattle to visit his parents and girlfriend, Eastwood caught a ride aboard a Navy plane at Moffett Field. On the ride back aboard a Navy torpedo bomber, the plane developed engine trouble and was forced to make a water landing off San Francisco. He was forced to swim over a mile through the tide to shore. Because of this, instead of being sent to Korea, he was assigned a job as a swimming instructor and remained at Ft. Ord. He worked nights and weekends as a bouncer at the NCO club. It was while on duty at Ft. Ord that Eastwood met fellow soldiers and actors Martin Milner ("Route 66"), David Janssen ("The Fugitive"), and Richard Long ("The Big Valley").

After his discharge in 1953, Eastwood moved to Southern California and attended L.A. City College, studying drama and business administration under the G.I. Bill.

Film career

Eastwood began work as an actor, appearing in B-films such as Revenge of the Creature, Tarantula and Francis in the Navy. In 1959, he got his first break with the long-running Television series, Rawhide. As Rowdy Yates, he made the show his own and became a household name across the country. But Eastwood found bigger roles with Sergio Leone's A Fistful of Dollars (Per un pugno di dollari) in 1964, and soon followed it with For a Few Dollars More (Per qualche dollaro in più) (1965). In these and his third film with Leone, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (Il Buono, il brutto, il cattivo) (1966) he found one of his trademark roles, the mysterious "man with no name". All three films were hits, particularly the third, and Eastwood became an instant international star, redefining the traditional image of the American cowboy. (Ironically, Eastwood is allergic to horses.)

Stardom brought more roles, though still in the "tough guy" mold. In Where Eagles Dare (1968) he had second billing to Richard Burton but was paid $800,000. However, he also began to branch out. Paint Your Wagon (1969) was a Western, but a musical. Kelly's Heroes (1970) combined tough-guy action with offbeat humor. 1971 proved to be one of his best years in films. He directed and starred in the thriller Play Misty for Me (1971), and The Beguiled (1971). But it was his role that year as the hard-edged police inspector Harry Callahan in Dirty Harry that gave Eastwood one of his most memorable roles. The film has been credited with inventing the "loose-cannon cop genre" that remains imitated to this day. Many have said that Eastwood's portrayal of the tough, no-nonsense cop touched a nerve with many who were just plain fed up with crime in the streets.

Eastwood continued to take cop, Western and thriller roles, including sequels to Dirty Harry: Magnum Force (1973), The Enforcer (1976), Sudden Impact (1983), and The Dead Pool (1988). The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976) was an important contribution to the western genre , along with his own High Plains Drifter (1973). As the late '70s approached, he found more solid work in comedies such as Every Which Way But Loose (1978).

It was the fourth Dirty Harry film, Sudden Impact (1983), that made Eastwood a viable star for the '80s. President Reagan even used his famous "make my day" line in one of his speeches. His fifth and final Dirty Harry movie, The Dead Pool (1988), was a success overall, but it did not have the box office punch his previous films had achieved. After much less successful films such as Pink Cadillac (1989), and The Rookie (1990), Eastwood started taking on more personal projects such as directing Bird (1988), a biopic of Charlie "Bird" Parker, and starring in and directing White Hunter, Black Heart (1990), an uneven, loose biography of John Huston, which received some critical acclaim, although Katharine Hepburn contested the veracity of much of the material.

Eastwood rose to stardom yet again in the 1990s. He starred in and directed the gritty, cynical western, Unforgiven in 1992, taking on the role of an aging ex-gunfighter, long past his prime. The film was nominated for nine Oscars, including Best Actor for Eastwood, and won four, including Best Picture and Best Director for Eastwood. The following year, Eastwood gave a fine performance as a guilt-ridden Secret Service agent in the thriller In the Line of Fire. He expanded his repertoire again with the love story, The Bridges of Madison County (1995), and took on more work as director, much of it well received, including Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil (1997), Mystic River (2003), and Million Dollar Baby (2004), for which he won a second Best Director award, and at 74 the oldest director to do so.

Eastwood developed directing as a second career, and has, indeed, generally received greater critical acclaim for his directing than for his acting. He has chosen a wide variety of films to direct, some clearly commercial, others highly personal. Unlike many actors who also direct, Eastwood frequently directs films in which he does not appear. Eastwood has become a highly respected American director. Eastwood also produces many of his movies, and is well known in the industry for his efficient, low-cost approach to making films. Over the years, he has developed relationships with many other filmmakers, working over and over with the same crew, production designers, cinematographers, editors and other technical people. Similarly, he has a long-term relationship with Warner Brothers studio, which finances and releases most of his films (although, in a 2004 interview appearing in The New York Times, Eastwood noted that he still sometimes has difficulty convincing the studio to back his films). In more recent years, Eastwood also has begun writing music for some of his films.

Eastwood will next take the director's chair in the World War II film, Flags of our Fathers.

Eastwood received one of the 2000 Kennedy Center Honors.

Personal life

Eastwood, who has been married twice, has five daughters and four sons by five different women: Kimberly (born 1964), with actress Roxanne Tunis; and Kyle (born in 1968), and Alison (born on May 22, 1972, with his ex-wife, the former Maggie Johnson. His two children with airline hostess Jacelyn Reeves are Scott (born March 21 1986) and Kathryn (born February 2 1988). He has a daughter Francesca Ruth (born August 7 1993) with Frances Fisher, his co-star in Unforgiven, and Morgan (born December 12 1996) with his new wife Dina Ruiz. He also has an older son, Lesly (born February 13, 1959), to 18-year-old Rosina Mary Glen. Lesly was adopted after spending six months in a Salvation Army home for young unmarried mothers. Clint and his pregnant wife, Maggie, found and introduced themselves to him in the late summer of 1967 when he was eight. He was living in a small village in Fife, Scotland, called Kinghorn. Although they never made contact with him in any way again, Eastwood would regularly vacation at the secluded Kingswood Hotel on the road between Kinghorn and Burntisland. He was seen on many occasions, playing golf at Burntisland golf course. An autographed picture, which he donated personally, still hangs in the Penny Farthing Bar in Kirkcaldy, Scotland.

Eastwood remains a sex symbol for many women, and the years have not made him any less virile. He once said, "I like to joke that since my children weren't giving me any grandchildren, I had two of my own. It's a terrific feeling being a dad again at my age. I am very fortunate. I realize how unfair a thing it is that men can have children at a much older age than women." This may seem to ignore his grandchildren Clinton (born 1984) and Graylen (born 1994) by Kimber and Kyle, respectively.

The 'Stan Laurel' myth

One recurrent rumour has it that Eastwood is the son (legitimate or otherwise) of British comic actor Stan Laurel. This is untrue, although a passing facial resemblance to the comedian (plus the fact that Eastwood was born on the same day as one of Laurel's children) has ensured that the legend often resurfaces [1].

Political career

In addition to his career as an actor, Eastwood was elected mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California on April 8, 1986. Running as a Republican, he received 72% of the vote (voter turnout was also doubled over the previous mayoral election). He served a two-year term before declining to run for re-election.

Neither especially conservative nor liberal, Eastwood usually describes his political beliefs as "libertarian", although he has admitted to voting twice for Dwight D. Eisenhower and voting for independent Ross Perot in 1992, and most of the films that he has directed have clear libertarian themes in them. He has become one of the most prominent opponents of the Americans with Disabilities Act and the disability rights movement, after his restaurant in Carmel was hit with an ADA enforcement lawsuit. In May 2000, he testified before Congress in support of a bill that would have added procedural protections for small-business owners. A few disability rights activists have alleged that his decision to make Million Dollar Baby may have been motivated by this earlier experience.

In 2005 at National Board of Review awards dinner in New York City, Eastwood threatened to kill the liberal filmmaker Michael Moore if ever Moore showed up at his home with a camera, probably a reference to Moore's controversial interview with Eastwood's friend, the movie star and Second Amendment advocate Charlton Heston for the movie Bowling for Columbine. After the crowd laughed, Eastwood said, "I mean it." Moore's spokesman said "Michael laughed along with everyone else, and took Mr. Eastwood's comments in the lighthearted spirit in which they were given." Publicly, Eastwood has not commented further.Template:Inote

Filmography

Further information: List of Clint Eastwood films

Discography

• "Unknown Girl" (single, 1961)
• "Rowdy" (single)
• "For You, For Me, For Evermore" (single)
• "Rawhide's Clint Eastwood Sings Cowboy Favorites" (LP)
• "Paint Your Wagon" (soundtrack)
• "Kelly's Heroes" (soundtrack)
• "Cowboy in a Three Piece Suit" (single, 1981)
• "Make My Day" (single, 1984) with T.G. Sheppard

Quotations

Some of Eastwood's lines are among the best-known movie quotations of all time. (Remembering, of course, that Eastwood himself did not write any of these lines. Eastwood has never taken a writing credit on a film.)

From Dirty Harry: Harry Callahan: - "I know what you're thinking: 'Did he fire six shots or only five?' Well, to tell you the truth, in all this excitement, I've kinda lost track myself. But being this is a .44 Magnum, the most powerful handgun in the world, and would blow your head clean off, you've got to ask yourself one question: 'Do I feel lucky?' Well, do ya, punk?"

From Sudden Impact: Harry Callahan: - "Go ahead, make my day."

From Magnum Force: Harry Callahan: - "A man's got to know his limitations."

From Bronco Billy: Bronco Billy: - "Dyin's too good for ya."

From Million Dollar Baby: Frankie Dunn: - "Girlie, tough ain't enough."

From The Good, The Bad and The Ugly: The Man With No Name: - "It's not a joke, it's a rope, Tuco."

From The Outlaw Josey Wales: Josey Wales: - "Are you gonna pull those pistols, or whistle Dixie?"

From The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly: The Man with No Name: - "There are two kinds of people in this world my friend: Those with loaded guns, and those who dig. You dig."

From Unforgiven: Bill Munny: - "It's a hell of a thing killin' a man. You take away all he's got and all he's ever gonna have."

From Unforgiven: Bill Munny: - "'Deserves got nothing to do with it."

From High Plains Drifter: The Man with No Name (aka, Marshall Jim Duncan) : - "It's what people know about themselves inside that makes them afraid."

Other References

Clint Eastwood is the name used by the character Marty McFly in the movie Back to the Future III.

Also, some have noted a passing resemblance between Clint Eastwood's "tough guy" demeanor in many of his films and the character Auron from the RPG Final Fantasy X.

Stephen King has also publicly stated in interviews, as well as some forewards and afterwords for the respective books, that his inspiration for Roland Deschain, A.K.A Roland of Gilead, the Gunslinger in his popular The Dark Tower opus, comes from Clint Eastwood. He also says that Roland is meant to embody a gritty, melancholy version of Eastwood's "The Man With No Name" persona from The Good, The Bad and The Ugly.

'Clint Eastwood' is also the name of a song by virtual band Gorillaz.

In the Ramones song "It's not my place (in the 9 to 5 world)" from the albums Pleasant Dreams (1981) and Ramones Anthology Disc 2 (1999): "Uncle Floyd shows on the T.V./Jack Nicholson, Clint Eastwood, 10cc"

See also

• Malpaso Productions

External links

• Clint Eastwood at IMDb
• ClintEastwood.net
• The Religious Affiliation of Clint Eastwood
• Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database
• Classic Movies (1939 - 1969): Clint Eastwood

References

• Goad, Michael, 'Clint Eastwood', Stellar One (July 18 2003). Retrieved July 15 2005.
• Limbacher, Carl. 'Clint Eastwood: I'll Kill Michael Moore', NewsMax (January 13 2005). Retrieved July 3 2005.