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==B-2 Spirit==
==B-2 Spirit==
The [[B-2 Spirit]] appeared in the film ''The Sum of All Fears''.<ref name="Seelye">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/10/us/when-hollywood-s-big-guns-come-right-from-the-source.html?fta=y|title=When Hollywood's Big Guns Come Right From the Source |last=Seelye |first=Katharine |date=June 10, 2002|publisher=NY Times|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref>
The [[B-2 Spirit]] appeared in the film ''The Sum of All Fears'' <ref name="Seelye">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/10/us/when-hollywood-s-big-guns-come-right-from-the-source.html?fta=y|title=When Hollywood's Big Guns Come Right From the Source |last=Seelye |first=Katharine |date=June 10, 2002|publisher=NY Times|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref>, and [[Independence_Day_(film)|Independence_Day]].


==B-17 Flying Fortress==
==B-17 Flying Fortress==

Revision as of 13:22, 21 January 2010

Template:Infobox aviation

Numerous real-world aircraft have appeared in fiction over the decades. These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different models for the general public. For fictional aircraft see List of fictional aircraft, and fictional military aircraft.

The years between World War I and World War II saw extensive use of the new technology, aircraft, in the new medium, film.[1] In the early 1920s Hollywood studios made dozens of now-obscure 'aerial Westerns' with leads such as Tom Mix and Hoot Gibson, where the role of the horse was taken by aircraft, or used aircraft as nothing more than vehicles for stunts to excite audiences.[2] In 1926 the first 'proper' aviation film was made; Wings is a story of two pilots who sign up to fly and fight in World War I.[3] Made with the co-operation of the then-Department of War (a relationship that continues to this day), it used front-line military aircraft of the day such as the Thomas-Morse MB-3 and Boeing PW-9, flown by military pilots.[4][5] Future United States Air Force generals Hap Arnold and Hoyt Vandenberg were among the military officers involved with the production, Arnold as a technical consultant and Vandenberg as one of the pilots.[6] Wings was a box-office hit when it achieved general release in 1929 and went on the win the award for Best Production at the first Academy Awards.[7][8]

In Fascist Italy in the 1930s, aviation-themed films were used as propaganda tools to complement the massed flights led by Italo Balbo in promoting the regime domestically and abroad.[9][10] One such film was the most successful Italian film of the pre-World War II era. Luciano Serra pilota (Luciano Serra, pilot) was inextricably linked to the Fascist government via Mussolini's son Vittorio, who was the driving force behind the film's production.[10] The film, set between the year 1921 and the Italo-Abyssinian War, was used to compare the allegedly-moribund state of aviation in pre-Fascist Italy with the purported power of the Regia Aeronautica and Italian aviation in general in the 1930s.[11] However, by the time that Luciano Serra pilota was shown at the 1938 Venice Film Festival, the link between aviation and Fascism had already been firmly established in the minds of the Italian people through widespread depictions of aircraft in a variety of media.[10] For example there was an entire branch of the Futurist Art movement devoted to aviation, known as Aeropittura (Aeropainting).[12] While many of the Aeropittura works were devoted to flight rather than aircraft per se, some did celebrate Italian aviation exploits, such as Alfredo Ambrosi's Il volo su Vienna (The Flight over Vienna) which depicted in Futurist style the World War I exploit of Gabriele d'Annunzio; although the city of Vienna is shown in abstract, the Ansaldo SVA aircraft are very carefully and accurately rendered.[13]

A-4 Skyhawk

The A-4 Skyhawk was featured as an aggressor aircraft in the film Top Gun.[14] Producers reimbursed the US Navy $8,600 an hour for flight time used in the movie.[15]

A-6 Intruder

The 1991 film Flight of the Intruder centered around two naval aviators during the Vietnam War that take their A-6 Intruder on an unauthorized bombing raid on Hanoi.[16]

A-10 Thunderbolt II

File:Wingblade-movie.jpg
The Transformers toy character of Wingblade as a robot and A-10 Thunderbolt II by Hasbro

The A-10 Thunderbolt II was the inspiration for the Rattler jets in the G.I. Joe series, which are A-10s with added VTOL capabilities and an additional gun turret.[17]

The evil Gobots character Bad Boy and the heroic Transformers character Powerglide both disguise themselves as A-10 Thunderbolt IIs.[18][19] Other Transformers who turned into A-10s include Energon Sky Shadow and Terradive, Timelines Skyfall and Cybertron Wing Saber.[20]

The popularity of the A-10s in the 2007 Transformers film lead to the toy company releasing a minor character named Wingblade and another called Powerglide, who turned into A-10s.[21][22]

A-10s were featured as the aircraft used by the human resistance to the machines of Skynet in the 2009 film Terminator Salvation.[23]

A6M Zero

The A6M Zero was featured in the movies The Final Countdown,[24] Pearl Harbor,[25][26] and Tora! Tora! Tora!.[27] The Zero was also depicted in the 1976 film Midway; however real Zeros were not used. Instead F4F Wilcats were painted as Japanese planes and used instead.[28]

The evil Gobot character Zero turns into an A6M Zero.[29]

AH-64 Apache

The AH-64 Apache had a major role in the movie Fire Birds (or Wings of the Apache). The AH-64 was also the subject of the Jane's Combat Simulators computer game Longbow. In Longbow, a player flies an Apache in a campaign against Soviet targets. The game received numerous awards for its ultra-realistic flight environment and accurate portrayals of every aspect of the Apache's electronics systems.[30]

The heroic Gobots character Wrong Way turns into an AH-64 Apache.[31] He appears as a supporting character in the animated series Challenge of the Gobots and in the associated toy line from the 1980s.[32]

Antonov An-225

For the fictional AN-500 aircraft seen in the film 2012 see List of fictional aircraft

The Decepticon character Jetstorm from the 2007 Transformers movie line is based on the Antonov An-225. This toy shares its body design with Cybertron Jetfire, Classics Fireflight and Universe Air Raid.[21]

Avro Lancaster

Len Deighton's novel Bomber describes the (fictional) WWII attack by RAF Avro Lancasters on Krefeld, Germany during which a series of unplanned incidents leads to the carpet bombing of a small town nearby.

Avro Vulcan

The Avro Vulcan figures in Anthony Gray's 1965 novel The Penetrators, in which an RAF officer attempts to demonstrate a weakness in the North American strategic defense system NORAD by launching a mock attack involving 9 Vulcans and some Vickers Valiant tankers for inflight refuelling.[33]

The Avro Vulcan is also used in the Bond film Thunderball.[34]

B-1 Lancer

The 1983 James Bond film Never Say Never Again features a cruise missile launch from a B-1 Lancer (although a sequence in which cruise missiles are loaded onto the B-1 was filmed with a Concorde SST substituting for the B-1's undercarriage).[35] In the 1985 film Real Genius, the laser weapon that is developed by Chris Knight is mounted in a B-1's bomb bay. In the 2009 film Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, a B-1B is shown dropping numerous 2000 pound JDAMs in the climatic battle scene in Egypt.

In the Generation 1 Transformers series the Micromasters Blackout and Spaceshot from 1990 combined to form a B-1 Lancer.[36] The B-1 Lancer was used again for the characters of Fireshot and Vanquish.[37]

The Gobots character Bullseye also turns into a B-1 Lancer.[38]

B-2 Spirit

The B-2 Spirit appeared in the film The Sum of All Fears [39], and Independence_Day.

B-17 Flying Fortress

The B-17 Flying Fortress was the subject of the movie Memphis Belle.[40]

B-17s also figured prominently in the Oscar-winning 1949 film Twelve O'Clock High starring Gregory Peck. The film focuses on aviation leadership and the human toll in the USAAF strategy of daylight precision bombing.[41]

B-25 Mitchell

The B-25 Mitchell was the focus of the second half of the 2001 film Pearl Harbor, although critics complained that the bomber and its role were being depicted inaccurately.[42]

B-29 Superfortress

The B-29 Superfortress has been played an important role in several Hollywood films, particularly the B-29 dubbed the Enola Gay, which dropped the world's first atomic bomb. The Enola Gay was depicted in Above and Beyond and The Beginning or the End.[43]

B-52 Stratofortress

A B-52 Stratofortress was a focal point of the film By Dawn's Early Light.[44]

The B-52 was also a key part of Stanley Kubrick's 1964 black comedy film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb.[45]

Bell X-1

The Bell X-1 was depicted early in the film The Right Stuff. The movie showed the historic flight of the X-1 becoming the first aircraft to break the sound barrier. This achievement helped usher in the US space program that was the subject of the rest of the film.[46]

Bell 47

The 'starring' aircraft of the 1950s American television series Whirlybirds were a pair of Bell 47 helicopters. The association with Whirlybirds continues to be used in order to promote helicopters and the Bell 47 in particular.[47] A Bell 47 was also one of the 'stars' of the Australian television series Skippy the Bush Kangaroo.[48]

The Bell 47, in its miltary configuration as a H-13 Sioux, was central to the television series M*A*S*H, as well as the movie of the same name.[49]

Bell 206

Chopper Squad was a 1970s Australian television series about a Bell 206 JetRanger used for rescue work in Sydney. The helicopter used was an actual rescue helicopter operated by the Westpac Life Saver Rescue Helicopter Service.[48]

Boeing 314

The Ken Follett novel Night Over Water is the story of a group of people who are travelling from England to the United States in a Boeing 314 at the beginning of World War II.[50]

Boeing 747

The Boeing 747 was featured in the film Executive Decision as the location of a terrorist hijacking.[51] It was also prominent in the film The Sum of All Fears as the National Airborne Operations Center during a nuclear showdown with Russia.[39]

A 747-146 was the title subject of the movie Air Force One, portraying the real 747-200 that transports the President of the United States.[52][53]

CH-46 Sea Knight

The Gobots character Twin Spin turns into a CH-46 Sea Knight.[54]

Concorde

The Concorde was a central feature in the disaster film The Concorde ... Airport '79, a French Concorde was leased for filming from the manufacturers.[55]

de Havilland Hornet Moth

The novel Hornet Flight by Ken Follett is a thriller of the Resistance against the Nazi occupation of Denmark in World War II. In the novel a de Havilland Hornet Moth is used by the protagonists to fly from Denmark to the United Kingdom with information about a German radar system. The author drew inspiration from an actual flight that took place during World War II.[56]

F-117 Nighthawk

The Nighthawk appeared in the 2007 movie Transformers.[57] A toy based on this aircraft named Mindwipe later appeared in the 2009 Transformers film toy line.[58]

F-4 Phantom II

The Gobots character Mach 3 turns into an F-4 Phantom II.[59]

Richard P Herman's novel Warbirds, featured the F-4Es and F-4Gs of the fictional 45th Fighter Wing.

F4F Wildcat

F4F Wildcats left over from World War 2 were used to film the critical aerial battle scenes in the movie Midway.[28]

F4U Corsair

The Chance Vought F4U Corsair was a regularly featured aircraft in the television series Baa Baa Black Sheep (later renamed Black Sheep Squadron).[60]

F-5 Tiger

The F-5 Tiger played the part of an enemy aircraft in Top Gun.[14] [61]

F-14 Tomcat

The Grumman F-14 Tomcat was the central to the movie Top Gun.[62][24][63] The aviation themed film was such a success in creating interest in naval aviation that the US Navy, who assisted with the film, set up recruitment desks outside some theaters.[64] Producers paid the US Navy $886,000 as reimbursement for flight time of aircraft in the film. An hour of flight tme for the F-14 was billed at $7,600.[15][61]

It also appeared in the film The Final Countdown and the television series JAG.[24] The Tomcat was a central part of the Stephen Coonts novel Final Flight.[24] Four F-14s were later shown in the movie Executive Decision.[51]

F-15 Eagle

File:F15s-transformers.jpg
The Transformers characters Thundercracker, Skywarp and Starscream as F-15 Eagle jets in a Marvel Comics story

The F-15 Eagle is one of the most recognized modern fighters, this has led to, or perhaps even been aided by, its common use in children's toys. The Transformers toy line and media has featured numerous characters who turn into F-15 Eagles, the most notable being the villain Starscream in 1984 and a group of similar Decepticons, the Seekers Thundercracker and Skywarp.[65] This design was later used for the character of Sunstorm. A similar design, with new heads and wings (making them look like modified F-15s) was used for the "Conehead" Seekers Dirge, Ramjet, and Thrust. A completely new design, but also based on the F-15 Eagle, was used for the Aerialbot Air Raid.[66]

The Gobots character Leader-1 turns into an F-15 Eagle. In fact his original name in Japan was "Eagle Robo", a reference to the F-15 Eagle name.[67]

The F-15 is featured in the film Air Force One.[53] The Eagle was also shown in advertisements of the film Thirteen Days. The ads were pulled when it came to the attention of New Line Cinema that the F-15, which first flew in 1972, was out of place for a movie set in 1962. This was problematic for New Line who had termed the film a "by-the-numbers recreation" and "close to perfect." "Every ship, plane, truck and craft that moves in the film is absolutely authentic to the time period," said Steve Elzer, a spokesman for New Line. Mr. Elzer said the advertisement was created by an outside agency.[68]

F-16 Fighting Falcon

The F-16 Fighting Falcon was featured in the film The Sum of All Fears.[39] The Falcon was also one of the stars of the movie Iron Eagle. The U.S. Air Force refused to assist with production of the film because they found the plot about a teenager flying the F-16 into a foreign country to be "a little off the wall".[15]

The Gobots character Heat Seeker disguises himself as an F-16 Fighting Falcon.[69]

F/A-18 Hornet

The F/A-18 Hornet appeared multiple times in the film Tears of the Sun, most notably in the final, climactic battle, helping to save the surviving SEAL team members.[70]

The Transformers Autobot Triple Changer Broadside turns from robot to F/A-18 Hornet to CVN-68 Nimitz class aircraft carrier, which it notable since the Hornet is among the types of aircraft that can be carried on a Nimitz class carrier. In fiction this oddity is explained away as his growing when he changes to carrier form.[71]

F-22 Raptor

The F-22 Raptor has been featured in numerous books, such as Tom Clancy's Debt of Honor (1994)[72] and Clive Cussler's Dark Watch (2005).[73]

The Raptor has appeared in movies as well. Despite appearing in the 2003 Hulk film, the F-22 made its major Hollywood debut in the 2007 film Transformers[74] as the form taken by the Decepticon character Starscream in addition to numerous USAF fighters that engaged during the initial and climactic battles. The movie crew was allowed to film actual Raptors in flight, unlike previous computer-generated appearances, because of the military's support of director Michael Bay. The Raptors were filmed at Edwards Air Force Base.[75] The real Raptor made its next big screen appearence in Iron Man.[76]

Toys released for Starscream were replica F-22 Raptors models. These models were reused for other characters in the line, like Thundercracker, Skywarp and Ramjet, who also turned into F-22 Raptors.[77]

Although the 2007 Transformers film made Starscream the most well known Transformer who turns into an F-22, there were other F-22 Transformers before him. For instance the 1997 Machine Wars versions of Megatron and Megaplex turned into F-22s.[78]

The F-22 Raptor was the main aircraft behind the game F-22 Lightning 3 created by Novalogic in 1999. The aircraft also played a major role in the previous 2 games released in 1996 and 1997.[79][80]

F-35 Lightning II

The first major film appearance of a representation of a F-35B was in Live Free or Die Hard (released as Die Hard 4 outside North America) in 2007. The film used a combination of a full-scale model and CGI[81] to significantly dramatize its hovering ability using the lift fan.

Harrier Jump Jet

The Harrier family's unique VTOL characteristics have led to them being featured in a number of films and flight simulator programs.

The Harrier Jump Jet appears in the James Bond movie The Living Daylights, in the science fiction film Battlefield Earth, and in the film True Lies,[51] in which Arnold Schwarzenegger flies an AV-8B. According to the Internet Movie Database, while making True Lies, the filmmakers paid the U.S. government $100,736 (or about $2,400 an hour) for the use of three US Marine Corps Harriers and their pilots.[82]

The 1983 Guardian Gobot character Royal-T turns into a Harrier jet, in fact his Japanese name for the character was "Harrier Robo".[83] In more recent years the Revenge of the Fallen Decepticon character Dirge also became a Harrier.[84]

Hawker Hurricane

The Hawker Hurricane was featured in the film Battle of Britain. Three airworthy Hurricanes were located and used for the filming.[85]

MC-130 Combat Talon

The Lockheed MC-130 Combat Talon was featured as the rescue aircraft in the film Air Force One, performing a daring mid-air rescue of the President and his family as Air Force One is failing and going into the Atlantic Ocean.[52]

Mikoyan MiG-29

The Mikoyan MiG-29 is the alternate form of the Transformers Dreadwing as well as his redecos Overcast and Fearswoop from the 2007 and 2009 Transformers movies toy lines.[86][87]

Nieuport 17

The Nieuport 17 was one of the main aircraft featured in the movie Flyboys.[88][89]

P-51 Mustang

The P-51 Mustang was featured in the film The Tuskegee Airmen.[90]

SH-2 Seasprite

The Gobots character Flip-Top turns into a SH-2 Seasprite.[91]

Sikorsky MH-53

The Sikorsky MH-53 is also featured in the 2007 Transformers film as the alternate mode of Blackout. Production designer Jeff Mann stated "the Pave Low looks butch... the size made it the logical choice."[92] Toys for Blackout were MH-53 replicas, which were reused for the characters of Evac, Spinister and Whirl.[93]

The heavier CH-53E Super Stallion is the alternate form for the Decepticon Grindor in the film Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen.[94]

The Super Stallion also appeared in the film The Sum of All Fears.[39]

Sopwith Camel

The First World War Sopwith Camel fighter features prominently in the Biggles stories of W E Johns such as the collections: The Camels Are Coming,[95] and Biggles of the Camel Squadron.[96]

SR-71 Blackbird

Although retired from service for over a decade, the SR-71 Blackbird appears in form of the character Jetfire, an over-the-hill Transformer near the end of his days, in the film Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen and its toy line, which are SR-71 models.[97]

The evil Gobots character Snoop turns into a SR-71 Blackbird.[98]

Supermarine Spitfire

The Supermarine Spitfire was a central part of the film Battle of Britain, a fictionalized account of the real Battle of Britain that one critic called "the definitive depiction of war in the air".[85] The movie led to an increase in the popularity of the aircraft among collectors. According to one property dealer the appearence "did for Spitfires what the James Bond films did for the Aston Martin."[99] Producers secured 35 airworthy Spitfires for use in the movie.[85]

The Spitfire was also the main aircraft used in the 1988 television series Piece of Cake. The series was based on a novel by the same name. Pilots in the novel flew the Hawker Hurricane, but the lack of airworthy Hurricanes forced the producers change planes, using five reconditioned Spitfires.[100]

The 1951 film Malta Story centered around Spitfires and their pilots defending Malta in 1942.[101]

Lockheed U-2

The U-2 made an important appearance in the movie Thirteen Days as the aircraft that initially detected Soviet missiles being deployed in Cuba.[102]

UH-1 Iroquois

The UH-1 Iroquois (commonly called the Huey) was a central part of the film We Were Soldiers. The helicopter was shown ferrying troops into the Ia Drang valley as part of the then new concept of air cavalry. The film particularly focused on the flights of Major Bruce Crandall, who was later awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for his actions while piloting his UH-1 during the battle depicted in the film.[103][104] Four of the UH-1s used were provided by the Georgia Army National Guard.[105]

The UH-1 was an important part of the movie The Green Berets. The production company paid $18,623.64 for the material, the eighty-five hours of flying time by UH-1 helicopters, and thirty-eight hundred man-days for military personnel taken away from their regular duties.[106]

UH-60 Black Hawk

The UH-60 Black Hawk was the title aircraft in the movie Black Hawk Down.[107] Filmmakers paid the US Department of Defense about $3 million to ship eight helicopters and about 100 crew members to the film location in Morocco.[39]

Blackhawks were also featured in the film "Air Force One", again having been rented from the US military.[53]

V-22 Osprey

Two CV-22 Ospreys (of only three in the USAF inventory at the time)[108] were filmed in flight at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, in May 2006 for the 2007 Transformers film.[109][110] This would inspire a host of Transformers toys and characters based on the Osprey including the Decepticons Incinerator and Ruination as well as the Autobots Springer and Blades.[111]

V-22s play prominent roles in several novels by Dale Brown, most particularly, Hammerheads which features an MV-22 on the cover.[112] A V-22 was featured in the 2009 film Terminator: Salvation, as one of a few types of aircraft operated by "the Resistance", all of which are primarily surface assault/support aircraft suitable for the Resistance's guerrilla-type operations.[113]

Fictional Lt. Colonel John Sheppard contrasts flying a V-22 Osprey "You had to use your hands and feet with that one." to piloting the Ancients' city of Atlantis in Stargate: Atlantis in the season three finale First Strike. He gives the impression that it will be easier to fly the city - "This one you just have to sit down and think... Fly."[114]

XB-70 Valkyrie

The Transformers character of Silverbolt was upgraded to an XB-70 Valkyrie for the Universe line as an Ultra class toy.[115] This toy was later the basis for the toys for Universe Darkwind, Universe Sky High and the character of Shattered Glass Thunderwing.[116]

See also

  • G-BDXJ a retired Boeing 747 used for film and television work.

References

Notes

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  2. ^ Wohl, p.113
  3. ^ Wohl, p.114
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  5. ^ Wohl, p.117
  6. ^ Turner Classic Movies (2010). "Wings (1927) - notes on the production". Retrieved 2010-01-17.
  7. ^ Wohl, p.115
  8. ^ filmsite.org (2009). "List of Academy Award winners for Best Picture". Retrieved 2010-01-16.
  9. ^ Wohl, p.93
  10. ^ a b c Wohl, p.109
  11. ^ Wohl, pp.109-112
  12. ^ Osborn, Bob (undated). "Tullio Crali: the Ultimate Futurist Aeropainter (simultaneita.net)". Retrieved 2010-01-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  13. ^ Wohl, p.56
  14. ^ a b Lamar, Jacob (November 24, 1986). "The Pentagon Goes Hollywood". Time. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
  15. ^ a b c Halloran, Richard (August 31, 1986). "Pentagon can shoot down movie details". New York Times. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
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  18. ^ TFU.info (2004). "Bad Boy". Retrieved 2010-01-03.
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  20. ^ Cilenti, Darren (undated). "Skyfall". Retrieved 2009-12-08. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  21. ^ a b Hasbro (2008). "Spring 2008 Toys R Us Exclusives". Retrieved 2009-12-08.
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  33. ^ Gray, Anthony; 1965; The Penetrators
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  37. ^ Cobra Island Toys (undated). "DECEPTICON BATTLE SQUAD DIRECT-HIT & POWER PUNCH FIRESHOT & VANQUISH MELTDOWN & HALF-TRACK (1990: Generation 1: Micromasters)". Retrieved 2009-12-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  38. ^ Counter-x (undated). "Bullseye - Guardian - Northrop B-1 Lancer Jet Bomber". Retrieved 2010-01-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  39. ^ a b c d e Seelye, Katharine (June 10, 2002). "When Hollywood's Big Guns Come Right From the Source". NY Times. Retrieved 17 January 2010. Cite error: The named reference "Seelye" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  40. ^ Kilday, Gregg (October 26, 1990). "Final Mission". Entertainment Weekly. pp. Issue #37. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  41. ^ aerovintage.com (2008). "Twelve O'Clock High (1949)". Retrieved 2010-01-11. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  42. ^ Snow, Richard (May 25, 2001). "Pearl Harbor: How Real Is It?". American Heritage. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
  43. ^ Lifton, Robert (July 30, 1995). "Hiroshima Films: Always a Political Fallout". New York Times. Retrieved 19 January 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  44. ^ Tucker, Ken (June 8, 1990). "By Dawn's Early Light". Entertainment Weekly. pp. Issue #17. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  45. ^ Southern, Terry (2009). "Checkup with dr Strangelove". Retrieved 2010-01-11.
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  48. ^ a b Storey, Don (2008). "Classic Australian TV - Chopper Squad". Retrieved 2010-01-17.
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  51. ^ a b c Kemper, Bob (September 8, 1996). "The Military And the Movies". Daily Press. p. 2. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  52. ^ a b Larson, Gary (November 1, 1997). "The Making of Air Force One". Air & Space/Smithsonian. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  53. ^ a b c Maslin, Janet (July 25, 1997). "Just a Little Turbulence, Mr. President". NY Times. Retrieved 16 January 2010.
  54. ^ Counter-x (undated). "Twin Spin Renegade Boeing CH-46 Sea Knight Helicopter". Retrieved 2009-12-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  55. ^ "Concorde Accident". Awww.concordesst.com. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  56. ^ Follett, Ken. "Hornet Flight - official website". Retrieved 2010-01-14.
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Bibliography

  • Gray, Anthony (1965). The Penetrators. London: Souvenir Press. ISBN 0-85177-819-4. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Wohl, Robert (2005). The Spectacle of Flight: Aviation and the Western Imagination, 1920-1950. Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press. ISBN 0-300-10692-0. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

Further reading

  • Call, Steve (2009). Selling Air Power: Military Aviation and American Popular Culture After World War II. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 160344100X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Van Riper, A. Bowdoin (2004). Imagining Flight: Aviation and Popular Culture. College Station, Texas, USA: Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 1-58544-300-x. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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