List of birds: Difference between revisions
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===[[Bucerotiformes]]=== |
===[[Bucerotiformes]]=== |
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Africa and Asia; 66 species. |
Africa and Asia; 66 species. |
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[[Hornbill]]s and |
[[Hornbill]]s and [[Hoopoe]]s |
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* [[Bucerotidae]]: [[hornbill]]s |
* [[Bucerotidae]]: [[hornbill]]s |
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* [[Upupidae]]: [[Hoopoe]] |
* [[Upupidae]]: [[Hoopoe]] |
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Revision as of 00:05, 5 June 2010
Bird taxonomy
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- This is a list relating to extant species of birds. For a list of birds in history and fiction, see List of historical and fictional birds. For extinct birds, please see Extinct birds, Prehistoric birds and Fossil birds.
This page lists living orders and families of birds. The links below should then lead to family accounts and hence to individual species.
Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for a very different classification.
Paleognathae
The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a keeled sternum and are collectively known as ratites. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the Paleognathae or "old jaws", one of the two evolutionary superorders.
Africa; 1 species. Ostriches
South America; 2 species. Rheas
Australia and New Guinea; 4 species. Cassowaries and Emus
New Zealand; 5 species. Kiwis
South America; 45 species. Tinamous
Neognathae
Nearly all living birds belong to the superorder of Neognathae or "new jaws". With their keels, unlike the ratites, they are known as carinatae. The passerines alone account for well over 5000 species.
Worldwide; 150 species. Waterfowl
Worldwide; 250 species. Game Birds
- Megapodidae: megapodes
- Cracidae: chachalacas, curassows and guans
- Odontophoridae: new world quail
- Numididae: guineafowl
- Phasianidae: grouse, pheasants and old world quail
Worldwide; 19 species; sometimes grouped with Phoenicopteriformes. Grebes
Worldwide; 6 species. Flamingos
Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species; sometimes grouped with Columbiformes. Sandgrouse
Worldwide; 300 species. Pigeons and Doves
- Columbidae: pigeons and doves
Worldwide; 90 species. Nightjars and Frogmouths
- Steatornithidae: Oilbird; possibly a distinct order.
- Podargidae: frogmouths; possibly a distinct order.
- Nyctibiidae: potoos
- Caprimulgidae: nighthawks and nightjars
- Eurostopodidae: eared-nightjars
Worldwide; 400 species. Swifts and Hummingbirds
Oceania; 10 species; sometimes grouped with Apodiformes. Owlet-Nightjars
Worldwide; 150 species. Cuckoos and Turacos
- Opisthocomidae: Hoatzin; probably a distinct order.
- Musophagidae: turacos
- Cuculidae: cuckoos
Worldwide; 200 species. Cranes and Relatives
- Mesitornithidae: mesites; probably a distinct order.
- Eurypygidae: Sunbittern; probably a distinct order.
- Rhynochetidae: Kagu; probably a distinct order.
- Otididae: bustards
- Turnicidae: buttonquails
- Grui: cranes and allies
- Ralli: rails and relatives
- Rallidae: rails and coots
- Heliornithidae: finfoots
- Cariamidae: seriemas; probably a distinct order.
North America, Eurasia; 5 species. Loons
Antarctic and southern waters; 17 species. Penguins
Pan-oceanic; 120 species. Albatrosses and Petrels
- Diomedeidae: albatrosses
- Procellariidae: petrels and shearwaters
- Pelecanoididae: diving petrels
- Hydrobatidae: storm petrels
Worldwide; 100 species. Storks and Herons
Worldwide; 68 species. Pelicans and Relatives
- Phaethontidae: tropicbirds; probably a distinct order.
- Balaenicipitidae: Shoebill
- Scopidae: Hammerkop
- Pelecanidae: pelicans
- Sulae: cormorants and relatives; sometimes Sulae or Phalacrocoracidae are considered a distinct order.
Worldwide; 350 species; sometimes considered part of the Ciconiiformes order under the Sibley-Ahlquist system. Waders, Gulls and Auks
- Formerly divided into three sub-orders: waders and shorebirds, gulls and skuas, and auks.
- Scolopacidae: sandpipers and snipes
- Thinocori: aberrant charadriforms
- Lari: gulls and relatives
- Chionidi: thick-knees and relatives
- Charadrii: plover-like waders
Worldwide; 260 species; sometimes all families except Falconidae, or all families except Falconidae and Cathartidae, are separated as Accipitriformes. Birds of Prey
- Falconidae: falcons and relatives
- Cathartidae: new world vultures
- Pandionidae: Osprey
- Accipitridae: hawks, kites, eagles and old world vultures
- Sagittaridae: Secretarybird
Worldwide; 130 species. Owls
Sub-Saharan Africa; 6 species. Mousebirds
Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species. Trogons
Worldwide; 134 species. Kingfishers and Relatives
- Leptosomatidae: Cuckoo-roller; probably a distinct order.
- Meropidae: bee-eaters
- Coraciidae: rollers
- Brachypteraciidae: ground rollers
- Todidae: todies
- Momotidae: motmots
- Alcedines: kingfishers
Africa and Asia; 66 species. Hornbills and Hoopoes
Worldwide except Australasia; 400 species. Woodpeckers and Toucans
Pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species. Parrots
Worldwide; 5000 species. Passerines
- Acanthisitti
- Tyranni: suboscines
- Eurylaimidae: broadbills
- Philepittidae: asities
- Pittidae: pittas
- Sapayoidae: Sapayoa
- Tyrannidae: tyrant flycatchers
- Tityridae: becards and tityras
- Furnariidae: ovenbirds
- Thamnophilidae: antbirds
- Formicariidae: ground antbirds
- Conopophagidae: gnateaters
- Rhinocryptidae: tapaculos
- Cotingidae: cotingas
- Pipridae: manakins
- Passeri: oscines
- Atrichornithidae: scrub-birds
- Menuridae: lyrebirds
- Turnagridae: piopios
- Alaudidae: larks
- Hirundinidae: swallows and martins
- Motacillidae: wagtails and pipits
- Campephagidae: cuckoo-shrikes
- Eupetidae: rail-babbler
- Pycnonotidae: bulbuls
- Regulidae: kinglets
- Chloropseidae: leafbirds
- Aegithinidae: ioras
- Ptilogonatidae: silky-flycatchers
- Bombycillidae: waxwings
- Hypocoliidae: hypocolius
- Dulidae: Palmchat
- Cinclidae: dippers
- Troglodytidae: wrens
- Mimidae: mockingbirds and thrashers
- Prunellidae: accentors
- Turdidae: thrushes
- Cisticolidae: cisticolas
- Sylviidae: Old World warblers
- Stenostiridae: stenostirid warblers
- Acrocephalidae: marsh warblers
- Megaluridae: grass-warblers
- Bernieriidae: malagasy warblers
- Cettiidae: bush-warblers
- Phylloscopidae: leaf-warblers
- unknown family: african warblers
- Polioptilidae: gnatcatchers
- Muscicapidae: chats and flycatchers
- Platysteiridae: wattle-eyes and batises
- Petroicidae: Australasian robins
- Pachycephalidae: whistlers and relatives
- Colluricinclidae: shrike-thrushes
- Picathartidae: bald crows
- Timaliidae: babblers and relatives
- Pomatostomidae: australasian babblers
- Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills
- Orthonychidae: logrunners
- Cinclosomatidae: whipbirds and quail-thrushes
- Aegithalidae: long-tailed tits
- Maluridae: australasian wrens
- Cnemophilidae: satinbirds
- Neosittidae: sitellas
- Climacteridae: Australasian treecreepers
- Paridae: chickadees and tits
- Sittidae: nuthatches
- Tichodromidae: Wallcreeper
- Certhiidae: treecreepers
- Rhabdornithidae: Philippine creepers
- Remizidae: penduline tits
- Nectariniidae: sunbirds
- Melanocharitidae: berrypeckers
- Paramythiidae: painted berrypeckers
- Dicaeidae: flowerpeckers
- Pardalotidae: pardalotes
- Acanthizidae: australasian warblers
- Zosteropidae: white-eyes
- Promeropidae: sugarbirds
- Meliphagidae: honeyeaters
- Oriolidae: orioles
- Irenidae: fairy-bluebirds
- Laniidae: shrikes
- Malaconotidae: bushshrikes
- Prionopidae: helmetshrikes
- Vangidae: vangas
- Dicruridae: drongos
- Callaeidae: wattled crows
- Corcoracidae: mudnesters
- Monarchidae: monarchs
- Rhipiduridae: fantails
- Artamidae: woodswallows and butcherbirds
- Pityriaseidae: bristlehead
- Dasyornithidae: bristlebirds
- Paradisaeidae: birds-of-paradise
- Ptilonorhynchidae: bowerbirds
- Corvidae: jays and crows
- Sturnidae: starlings
- Buphagidae: oxpeckers
- Passeridae: old world sparrows and snowfinches
- Ploceidae: weavers and relatives
- Estrildidae: estrildid finches
- Viduidae: whydahs
- Vireonidae: vireos and relatives
- Fringillidae: finches and relatives
- Drepanididae: Hawaiian honeycreepers
- Peucedramidae: Olive Warbler
- Parulidae: New World warblers
- Coerebidae: Bananaquit
- Thraupidae: tanagers and relatives
- Emberizidae: buntings and new world sparrows
- Cardinalidae: cardinals and grosbeaks
- Icteridae: blackbirds and relatives
See also
- Lists of animals
- List of African birds
- List of Asian birds
- List of birds of Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica
- List of Australian birds
- List of European birds
- List of North American birds
- Extinct birds
- Prehistoric birds
- Fossil birds
- List of chicken breeds
- List of birds by common name
For regions smaller than continents see:
References
- ^ A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History. Shannon J. Hackett, et al. Science 320, 1763 (2008).
