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In the [[Indian subcontinent]], especially [[Bengal]] and [[Bihar]], the '''Mirzas''' are also known locally as the variant of ''Mridha'' (from ''Mirdhjah'') usually due to the [[Bengali]] language not have a 'z' sounding alphabet<ref> While local Bengal historians called the [[Khan Mohammad Mridha Mosque|Lalbagh mosque]] as Khan ''Mo'hammad Mridha'' Mosque, the mughal scripts note him as Khan ''Muhammad Mirza'' as in https://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=4450</ref>.
In the [[Indian subcontinent]], especially [[Bengal]] and [[Bihar]], the '''Mirzas''' are also known locally as the variant of ''Mridha'' (from ''Mirdhjah'') usually due to the [[Bengali]] language not have a 'z' sounding alphabet<ref> While local Bengal historians called the [[Khan Mohammad Mridha Mosque|Lalbagh mosque]] as Khan ''Mo'hammad Mridha'' Mosque, the mughal scripts note him as Khan ''Muhammad Mirza'' as in https://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=4450</ref>.

Rulers of India included:

'''The [[Mughal Emperors|Imperial Family of Hindustan]]'''
*His Imperial Highness, The Emperor [[Babur|Mirza Zahiruddin]], First Emperor of India.
*His Imperial Highness, The Emperor [[Humayun|Mirza Nasiruddin]], Second Emperor of India.
*His Imperial Highness, The Emperor [[Jahangir|Mirza Nuruddin]], Third Emperor of India.
*His Highness Prince [[Kamran Mirza]] son of Emperor [[Babur]], brother of Emperor [[Humayun]].
*His Highness Prince [[Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat|Haydar Mirza]], cousin of Emperor Babur.
*His Royal Highness [[Akbar Shah II|Mirza Akbar]], second to last Emperor, father of Emperor [[Bahadur Shah Zafar|Zafar]]

'''The [[Nawabs of Bengal|Royal Family of Bengal]]'''
*His Highness [[Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan|Mirza Shuja ud-din Muhammad Khan]], Second Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Sarfaraz Khan|Mirza Asadullah]], Third Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Alivardi Khan|Mirza Muhammad Ali]], Fourth Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Siraj ud-Daulah|Mirza Mohammad Siraj]], Fifth Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Nawab Sayyid Hassan Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur|Mirza Hassan Ali Khan Bahadur]], 18th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Nawab Sayyid Wasif Ali Mirza Khan|Mirza Wasif Ali Khan]], 19th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
*His Highness [[Nawab Sayyid Waris Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur|Mirza Waris Ali Khan]], 20th Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.

'''The [[Nawab of Awadh|Royal Family of Awadh]]'''
*His Highness [[Safdarjung|Mirza Muhammad Muqim Ali Khan]], Second Nawab Subahdar of Awadh (Oudh)
*His Highness [[Asaf-Ud-Dowlah|Mirza Amani Asif-ud-Dawlah]], Fourth Nawab Subahdar of Awadh (Oudh)
*His Highness [[Wazir Ali Khan|Mirza Asif Jah Wazir Ali Khan]], Fifth Nawab Subahdar of Awadh (Oudh)
*His Highness [[Wajid Ali Shah|Mirza Wajid Ali Shah]], Eleventh Nawab Subahdar of Awadh (Oudh) (5th King of Awadh)


==Notable Mirzas==
==Notable Mirzas==

Revision as of 09:57, 27 March 2011

Indo-Persian Royal and noble ranks
Coronet of an earl
Emperor : Shah, Samraat
High King : Maharaja
King : Raja, Sultan
Noble Prince : Mirza, Sahibzada
Nobleman: Thakur, Sardar, Nawab
This box:

Mirza (Persian: میرزا Russian: мурза Circassian :мырзэ), (common variance in Tatar nobility as Morza) is of Persian origin, denoting the rank of a high nobleman or Prince[1]. It is usually translated into English as a royal or imperial Prince of the Blood. It signified male-line descent and relationship to the Imperial Families of India, Turkey and Persia and was the title borne by members of the highest aristocracies in Tatar states, such as Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Astrakhan and in the Russian Empire (Under Catherine the Great's rule the Murza’s gained equal rights with the Russian nobility)[2]. In fact, Prince Felix Yusupov, the nephew-in-law of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was descended from Abdul Mirza, the first Prince Yusopov[3].

The word Mīrzā is derived from the Persian term ‘Amīrzāde which literally means "child of the ‘Amīr" or "child of the ruler" in Persia. ‘Amīrzād in turn consists of the Arabic title ‘Amīr (engl. Emir), meaning "commander", and the Persian suffix -zād, meaning "birth" or "lineage". Due to vowel harmony in Turkic languages, the alternative pronunciation Morza (plural morzalar; derived from the Persian word)[4].

History

The titles themselves were given by the Kings, Sultans and Emperors (equivalent to the western Fount of honour) to their sons and grandsons, or even distant kins. Noblemen loyal to the kings also received this Title, although their usage differed. Aristocratic families (royal descent) from South Asia and individuals descended from the Persian nobility have the surname Mirza.[5]

The title itself came from the title emir. Emir, meaning "commander", -derived from the Semitic root Amr, "command". Originally simply meaning commander or leader, usually in reference to a group of people. It came to be used as a title of governors or rulers, usually in smaller states, and usually renders the English word "prince. Amir Sadri." The word entered English in 1595, from the French émir. [6]

Persian Kingdom

Prince Ali Mirza, a Prince of the Persian Kingdom

In Persia, Mirza is the only hereditary title. This species of nobility is traced very far, and is not creative. The title descends to all the sons of the family, without exception. In Persian Royal families, if Mirza comes before a name, the individual is of the nobility or of high rank, such as Mirza Taghi Khan Amir-Nezam and Mirza Abolghasem Ghaem Magham Farahani, the Prime Ministers of Persia, but if the title follows the name, the individual is of royal birth and of imperial rank, thus, Prince Abbas Mirza, crown prince of Persia and another Prince of Persia, the Prince Abdol Hossein Mirza[7]

Royal Princes of Persia (Shah-e-Mirzas) include:

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