List of birds of Sudan: Difference between revisions
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*[[Osprey]] ''Pandion haliaetus'' |
*[[Osprey]] ''Pandion haliaetus'' |
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==Hawks, kites(thebird) and eagles== |
==Hawks, kites(thebird) :) and eagles== |
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Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Accipitridae]] |
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Accipitridae]] |
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Revision as of 21:12, 24 February 2013
This is a list of the bird species recorded in Sudan. The avifauna of Sudan includes a total of 1013 species, of which 3 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 4 are rare or accidental. 10 species are globally threatened.
This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Sudan.
The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories, but not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.
- (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Sudan.
- (E) Endemic A species endemic to Sudan.
- (I) Introduced A species introduced to Sudan as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.
Ostriches
Order: Struthioniformes. Family: Struthionidae
The Ostrich is a flightless bird native to Africa. It is the largest living species of bird. It is distinctive in its appearance, with a long neck and legs and the ability to run at high speeds.
- Ostrich Struthio camelus
Grebes
Order: Podicipediformes. Family: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis
- Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
Storm-Petrels
Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Hydrobatidae
The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa
Tropicbirds
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus
Pelicans
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
- Pink-backed Pelican Pelecanus rufescens
Boobies and gannets
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
- Red-footed Booby Sula sula
- Brown Booby Sula leucogaster
Cormorants
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phalacrocoracidae
The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
- Socotra Cormorant Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
- Long-tailed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus
Darters
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Anhingidae
Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Darter Anhinga melanogaster
Bitterns, herons and egrets
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Sudan.
- Gray Heron Ardea cinerea
- Black-headed Heron Ardea melanocephala
- Goliath Heron Ardea goliath
- Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
- Great Egret Ardea alba
- Black Heron Egretta ardesiaca
- Intermediate Egret Egretta intermedia
- Western Reef-Heron Egretta gularis
- Little Egret Egretta garzetta
- Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides
- Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
- Striated Heron Butorides striata
- Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
- White-backed Night-Heron Gorsachius leuconotus
- Dwarf Bittern Ixobrychus sturmii
- Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris
Hammerkop
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Scopidae
The Hammerkop is a medium-sized bird with a long shaggy crest. The shape of its head with a curved bill and crest at the back is reminiscent of a hammer, hence its name. Its plumage is a drab brown all over.
- Hamerkop Scopus umbretta
Storks
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Sudan.
- Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis
- African Openbill Anastomus lamelligerus
- Black Stork Ciconia nigra
- Abdim's Stork Ciconia abdimii
- Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus
- White Stork Ciconia ciconia
- Saddle-billed Stork Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis
- Marabou Stork Leptoptilos crumeniferus
Shoebill
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Balaenicipididae
The Shoebill is a large bird related to the storks. It derives its name from its massive shoe-shaped bill.
- Shoebill Balaeniceps rex
Ibises and spoonbills
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Threskiornithidae
The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Sudan.
- Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus
- Waldrapp Geronticus eremita
- Hadada Ibis Bostrychia hagedash
- Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
- Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia
- African Spoonbill Platalea alba
Flamingos
Order: Phoenicopteriformes. Family: Phoenicopteridae
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus
- Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus minor
Ducks, geese and swans
Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 29 species which occur in Sudan.
- Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor
- White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata
- White-backed Duck Thalassornis leuconotus (A)
- Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
- Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiacus
- Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea
- Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna
- Spur-winged Goose Plectropterus gambensis
- Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos
- Hartlaub's Duck Pteronetta hartlaubii
- African Pygmy-goose Nettapus auritus
- African Black Duck Anas sparsa
- Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope
- Gadwall Anas strepera
- Eurasian Teal Anas crecca
- Cape Teal Anas capensis
- Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
- Yellow-billed Duck Anas undulata
- Northern Pintail Anas acuta
- Red-billed Duck Anas erythrorhyncha
- Hottentot Teal Anas hottentota
- Garganey Anas querquedula
- Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata
- Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina
- Southern Pochard Netta erythrophthalma
- Common Pochard Aythya ferina
- Ferruginous Pochard Aythya nyroca
- Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula
- Maccoa Duck Oxyura maccoa
Osprey
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Pandionidae
The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.
- Osprey Pandion haliaetus
Hawks, kites(thebird) :) and eagles
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 61 species which occur in Sudan. Sudan has the greatest diversity of raptors of any country on earth.
- African Cuckoo-Hawk Aviceda cuculoides
- European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus
- Bat Hawk Macheiramphus alcinus
- Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus
- Scissor-tailed Kite Chelictinia riocourii
- Red Kite Milvus milvus
- Black Kite Milvus migrans
- African Fish-Eagle Haliaeetus vocifer
- Palm-nut Vulture Gypohierax angolensis
- Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus
- Lammergeier Gypaetus barbatus
- Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus
- White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus
- Rueppell's Griffon Gyps rueppellii
- Eurasian Griffon Gyps fulvus
- Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus
- Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotus
- White-headed Vulture Trigonoceps occipitalis
- Beaudouin's Snake-Eagle Circaetus beaudouini
- Black-breasted Snake-Eagle Circaetus pectoralis
- Brown Snake-Eagle Circaetus cinereus
- Banded Snake-Eagle Circaetus cinerascens
- Bateleur Terathopius ecaudatus
- Congo Serpent-Eagle Dryotriorchis spectabilis
- Western Marsh-Harrier Circus aeruginosus
- African Marsh-Harrier Circus ranivorus
- Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus
- Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus
- Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus
- African Harrier-Hawk Polyboroides typus
- Lizard Buzzard Kaupifalco monogrammicus
- Dark Chanting-Goshawk Melierax metabates
- Gabar Goshawk Micronisus gabar
- Red-chested Goshawk Accipiter toussenelii
- African Goshawk Accipiter tachiro
- Shikra Accipiter badius
- Levant Sparrowhawk Accipiter brevipes
- Little Sparrowhawk Accipiter minullus
- Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
- Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk Accipiter rufiventris
- Black Goshawk Accipiter melanoleucus
- Long-tailed Hawk Urotriorchis macrourus
- Grasshopper Buzzard Butastur rufipennis
- Eurasian Buzzard Buteo buteo
- Mountain Buzzard Buteo oreophilus
- Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus
- Red-necked Buzzard Buteo auguralis
- Augur Buzzard Buteo augur
- Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina
- Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga
- Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax
- Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
- Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca
- Wahlberg's Eagle Aquila wahlbergi
- Verreaux's Eagle Aquila verreauxii
- African Hawk-Eagle Aquila spilogaster
- Booted Eagle Aquila pennatus
- Ayres's Hawk-Eagle Aquila ayresii
- Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus
- Long-crested Eagle Lophaetus occipitalis
- Crowned Hawk-Eagle Stephanoaetus coronatus
Secretary-bird
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Sagittariidae
The Secretary-bird is a bird of prey in the order Falconiformes but is easily distinguished from other raptors by it long crane-like legs.
- Secretary-bird Sagittarius serpentarius
Caracaras and falcons
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Sudan.
- Pygmy Falcon Polihierax semitorquatus
- Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni
- Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
- Fox Kestrel Falco alopex
- Gray Kestrel Falco ardosiaceus
- Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera
- Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus
- Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae
- Sooty Falcon Falco concolor
- Merlin Falco columbarius
- Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo
- African Hobby Falco cuvierii
- Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus
- Saker Falcon Falco cherrug
- Barbary Falcon Falco pelegrinoides
- Taita Falcon Falco fasciinucha
- Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
Pheasants and partridges
Order: Galliformes. Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Sudan.
- Sand Partridge Ammoperdix heyi
- Schlegel's Francolin Francolinus schlegelii
- Forest Francolin Francolinus lathami
- Crested Francolin Francolinus sephaena
- Ring-necked Francolin Francolinus streptophorus
- Red-winged Francolin Francolinus levaillantii
- Orange River Francolin Francolinus levaillantoides
- Scaly Francolin Francolinus squamatus
- Heuglin's Francolin Francolinus icterorhynchus
- Clapperton's Francolin Francolinus clappertoni
- Yellow-necked Francolin Francolinus leucoscepus
- Red-necked Francolin Francolinus afer
- Erckel's Francolin Francolinus erckelii
- Common Quail Coturnix coturnix
- Harlequin Quail Coturnix delegorguei
- Blue Quail Coturnix adansonii
- Stone Partridge Ptilopachus petrosus
Guineafowl
Order: Galliformes. Family: Numididae
Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris
- Crested Guineafowl Guttera pucherani
Buttonquails
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Turnicidae
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Small Buttonquail Turnix sylvatica
- Quail-plover Ortyxelos meiffrenii
Cranes
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Black Crowned-Crane Balearica pavonina
- Demoiselle Crane Anthropoides virgo
- Common Crane Grus grus
Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Sudan.
- White-spotted Flufftail Sarothrura pulchra
- Buff-spotted Flufftail Sarothrura elegans
- Striped Flufftail Sarothrura affinis
- African Rail Rallus caerulescens
- African Crake Crecopsis egregia
- Corn Crake Crex crex
- Black Crake Amaurornis flavirostris
- Little Crake Porzana parva
- Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla
- Spotted Crake Porzana porzana
- Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio
- Allen's Gallinule Porphyrio alleni
- Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
- Lesser Moorhen Gallinula angulata
- Eurasian Coot Fulica atra
Sungrebe and Finfoots
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Heliornithidae
The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- African Finfoot Podica senegalensis
Bustards
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Otididae
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Sudan.
- Arabian Bustard Ardeotis arabs
- Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori
- Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata
- Stanley Bustard Neotis denhami
- Nubian Bustard Neotis nuba
- White-bellied Bustard Eupodotis senegalensis
- Savile's Bustard Eupodotis savilei
- Buff-crested Bustard Eupodotis gindiana
- Black-bellied Bustard Lissotis melanogaster
- Hartlaub's Bustard Lissotis hartlaubii
Jacanas
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Jacanidae
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Lesser Jacana Microparra capensis
- African Jacana Actophilornis africanus
Painted snipe
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rostratulidae
Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis
Crab Plover
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Dromadidae
The Crab Plover is related to the waders. It resembles a plover but with very long grey legs and a strong heavy black bill similar to a tern. It has black and white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs.
- Crab Plover Dromas ardeola
Oystercatchers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus
Avocets and stilts
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
- Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta
Thick-knees
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus
- Senegal Thick-knee Burhinus senegalensis
- Spotted Thick-knee Burhinus capensis
Pratincoles and coursers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Sudan.
- Egyptian Plover Pluvianus aegyptius
- Cream-colored Courser Cursorius cursor
- Temminck's Courser Cursorius temminckii
- Bronze-winged Courser Rhinoptilus chalcopterus
- Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola
- Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni
- Rock Pratincole Glareola nuchalis
Plovers and lapwings
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Sudan. Sudan has the greatest diversity of this family of any country on earth.
- Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus
- Long-toed Lapwing Vanellus crassirostris
- Spur-winged Plover Vanellus spinosus
- Black-headed Lapwing Vanellus tectus
- White-headed Lapwing Vanellus albiceps
- Black-winged Lapwing Vanellus melanopterus
- Crowned Lapwing Vanellus coronatus
- Wattled Lapwing Vanellus senegallus
- Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius
- White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus
- Pacific Golden-Plover Pluvialis fulva
- Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola
- Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula
- Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius
- Kittlitz's Plover Charadrius pecuarius
- Three-banded Plover Charadrius tricollaris
- Forbes's Plover Charadrius forbesi
- White-fronted Plover Charadrius marginatus
- Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
- Lesser Sandplover Charadrius mongolus
- Greater Sandplover Charadrius leschenaultii
- Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus
- Eurasian Dotterel Charadrius morinellus
Sandpipers and allies
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 27 species which occur in Sudan.
- Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus
- African Snipe Gallinago nigripennis
- Great Snipe Gallinago media
- Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
- Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
- Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
- Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
- Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris
- Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata
- Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus
- Common Redshank Tringa totanus
- Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis
- Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia
- Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus
- Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
- Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
- Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
- Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
- Red Knot Calidris canutus
- Sanderling Calidris alba
- Little Stint Calidris minuta
- Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii
- Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
- Dunlin Calidris alpina
- Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus
- Ruff Philomachus pugnax
- Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
Skuas and jaegers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Stercorariidae
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus
- Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus
Gulls
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Sudan.
- White-eyed Gull Larus leucophthalmus
- Sooty Gull Larus hemprichii
- Herring Gull Larus argentatus
- Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus
- Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans
- Armenian Gull Larus armenicus
- Great Black-headed Gull Larus ichthyaetus
- Gray-headed Gull Larus cirrocephalus
- Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus
- Slender-billed Gull Larus genei
- Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus
- Little Gull Larus minutus
Terns
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Sternidae
Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Sudan.
- Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica
- Caspian Tern Sterna caspia
- Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis
- Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis
- Royal Tern Sterna maxima
- Great Crested Tern Sterna bergii
- Common Tern Sterna hirundo
- Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea
- Little Tern Sterna albifrons
- Saunders's Tern Sterna saundersi
- White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa
- Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus
- Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata
- Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus
- White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus
- Black Tern Chlidonias niger (A)
- Brown Noddy Anous stolidus
Skimmers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rynchopidae
Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- African Skimmer Rynchops flavirostris
Sandgrouse
Order: Pterocliformes. Family: Pteroclidae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus
- Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles senegallus
- Crowned Sandgrouse Pterocles coronatus
- Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse Pterocles lichtensteinii
- Four-banded Sandgrouse Pterocles quadricinctus
Pigeons and doves
Order: Columbiformes. Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Sudan.
- Rock Pigeon Columba livia
- Speckled Pigeon Columba guinea
- Afep Pigeon Columba unicincta
- Rameron Pigeon Columba arquatrix
- White-naped Pigeon Columba albinucha
- Delegorgue's Pigeon Columba delegorguei
- Western Bronze-naped Pigeon Columba iriditorques
- Lemon Dove Columba larvata
- Eurasian Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur
- Dusky Turtle Dove Streptopelia lugens
- African Collared Dove Streptopelia roseogrisea
- African Mourning Dove Streptopelia decipiens
- Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquata
- Ring-necked Dove Streptopelia capicola
- Vinaceous Dove Streptopelia vinacea
- Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
- Emerald-spotted Wood Dove Turtur chalcospilos
- Black-billed Wood Dove Turtur abyssinicus
- Blue-spotted Wood Dove Turtur afer
- Tambourine Dove Turtur tympanistria
- Namaqua Dove Oena capensis
- Bruce's Green Pigeon Treron waalia
- African Green Pigeon Treron calva
Parrots, macaws and allies
Order: Psittaciformes. Family: Psittacidae
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri
- Red-headed Lovebird Agapornis pullarius
- Gray Parrot Psittacus erithacus
- Meyer's Parrot Poicephalus meyeri
- Niam-Niam Parrot Poicephalus crassus
Turacos
Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Musophagidae
The turacos, plantain eaters and go-away birds make up the bird family Musophagidae. They are medium-sized arboreal birds. The turacos and plantain eaters are brightly coloured birds, usually blue, green or purple. The go-away birds are mostly grey and white. There are 23 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Sudan.
- Great Blue Turaco Corythaeola cristata
- Black-billed Turaco Tauraco schuettii
- White-crested Turaco Tauraco leucolophus
- White-cheeked Turaco Tauraco leucotis
- Ross's Turaco Musophaga rossae
- White-bellied Go-away-bird Corythaixoides leucogaster
- Eastern Plantain-eater Crinifer zonurus
Cuckoos and anis
Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Sudan.
- Pied Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus
- Levaillant's Cuckoo Clamator levaillantii
- Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius
- Thick-billed Cuckoo Pachycoccyx audeberti
- Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius
- Black Cuckoo Cuculus clamosus
- Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus
- African Cuckoo Cuculus gularis
- Yellow-throated Cuckoo Chrysococcyx flavigularis
- Klaas's Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas
- African Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx cupreus
- Dideric Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius
- Yellowbill Ceuthmochares aereus
- Black Coucal Centropus grillii
- Blue-headed Coucal Centropus monachus
- Senegal Coucal Centropus senegalensis
- White-browed Coucal Centropus superciliosus
Barn owls
Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Barn Owl Tyto alba
Typical owls
Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Sudan.
- African Scops-Owl Otus senegalensis
- European Scops-Owl Otus scops
- Northern White-faced Owl Ptilopsis leucotis
- Eurasian Eagle-Owl Bubo bubo
- Pharaoh Eagle-Owl Bubo ascalaphus
- Spotted Eagle-Owl Bubo africanus
- Grayish Eagle-Owl Bubo cinerascens
- Verreaux's Eagle-Owl Bubo lacteus
- Pel's Fishing-Owl Scotopelia peli
- African Wood-Owl Strix woodfordii
- Pearl-spotted Owlet Glaucidium perlatum
- Little Owl Athene noctua
- Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
- Marsh Owl Asio capensis
Nightjars
Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Sudan.
- Eurasian Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus
- Sombre Nightjar Caprimulgus fraenatus
- Rufous-cheeked Nightjar Caprimulgus rufigena
- Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus aegyptius
- Nubian Nightjar Caprimulgus nubicus
- Golden Nightjar Caprimulgus eximius
- Donaldson-Smith's Nightjar Caprimulgus donaldsoni
- Black-shouldered Nightjar Caprimulgus nigriscapularis
- Fiery-necked Nightjar Caprimulgus pectoralis
- Abyssinian Nightjar Caprimulgus poliocephalus
- Swamp Nightjar Caprimulgus natalensis
- Plain Nightjar Caprimulgus inornatus
- Star-spotted Nightjar Caprimulgus stellatus
- Freckled Nightjar Caprimulgus tristigma
- Long-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus climacurus
- Slender-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus clarus
- Pennant-winged Nightjar Macrodipteryx vexillarius
- Standard-winged Nightjar Macrodipteryx longipennis
Swifts
Order: Apodiformes. Family: Apodidae
Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Sudan.
- Scarce Swift Schoutedenapus myoptilus
- African Palm-Swift Cypsiurus parvus
- Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba
- Mottled Swift Tachymarptis aequatorialis
- Common Swift Apus apus
- Pallid Swift Apus pallidus
- Little Swift Apus affinis
- Horus Swift Apus horus
- White-rumped Swift Apus caffer
Mousebirds
Order: Coliiformes. Family: Coliidae
The mousebirds are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body feathers and very long thin tails. They are arboreal and scurry through the leaves like rodents in search of berries, fruit and buds. They are acrobatic, and can feed upside down. All species have strong claws and reversible outer toes. They also have crests and stubby bills. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Sudan.
- Speckled Mousebird Colius striatus
- Blue-naped Mousebird Urocolius macrourus
Trogons and Quetzals
Order: Trogoniformes. Family: Trogonidae
The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Narina Trogon Apaloderma narina
Kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Sudan.
- Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
- Half-collared Kingfisher Alcedo semitorquata
- Shining-blue Kingfisher Alcedo quadribrachys
- Malachite Kingfisher Alcedo cristata
- African Pygmy-Kingfisher Ispidina picta
- Dwarf Kingfisher Ispidina lecontei
- Chocolate-backed Kingfisher Halcyon badia
- Gray-headed Kingfisher Halcyon leucocephala
- Woodland Kingfisher Halcyon senegalensis
- Blue-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon malimbica
- Striped Kingfisher Halcyon chelicuti
- Collared Kingfisher Todirhamphus chloris
- Giant Kingfisher Megaceryle maximus
- Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
Bee-eaters
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Sudan.
- Red-throated Bee-eater Merops bulocki
- Little Bee-eater Merops pusillus
- Blue-breasted Bee-eater Merops variegatus
- Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater Merops oreobates
- Swallow-tailed Bee-eater Merops hirundineus
- Black-headed Bee-eater Merops breweri
- Somali Bee-eater Merops revoilii
- White-throated Bee-eater Merops albicollis
- Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis
- Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus
- Madagascar Bee-eater Merops superciliosus
- European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
- Northern Carmine Bee-eater Merops nubicus
Typical rollers
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- European Roller Coracias garrulus
- Abyssinian Roller Coracias abyssinica
- Rufous-crowned Roller Coracias naevia
- Blue-bellied Roller Coracias cyanogaster
- Broad-billed Roller Eurystomus glaucurus
Hoopoes
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Hoopoe Upupa epops
Woodhoopoes
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Phoeniculidae
The woodhoopoes are related to the kingfishers, rollers and hoopoe. They most resemble the last species with their long curved bills, used for probing for insects, and short rounded wings. However, they differ in that they have metallic plumage, often blue, green or purple, and lack an erectile crest. There are 8 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- Green Woodhoopoe Phoeniculus purpureus
- Black-billed Woodhoopoe Phoeniculus somaliensis
- White-headed Woodhoopoe Phoeniculus bollei
- Black Scimitar-bill Rhinopomastus aterrimus
- Abyssinian Scimitar-bill Rhinopomastus minor
Hornbills
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Bucerotidae
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Sudan.
- Black Dwarf Hornbill Tockus hartlaubi
- Red-billed Dwarf Hornbill Tockus camurus
- Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus
- Eastern Yellow-billed Hornbill Tockus flavirostris
- Jackson's Hornbill Tockus jacksoni
- Crowned Hornbill Tockus alboterminatus
- African Pied Hornbill Tockus fasciatus
- Hemprich's Hornbill Tockus hemprichii
- African Gray Hornbill Tockus nasutus
- Piping Hornbill Ceratogymna fistulator
- Silvery-cheeked Hornbill Ceratogymna brevis
- Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill Ceratogymna subcylindricus
- Brown-cheeked Hornbill Ceratogymna cylindricus
- White-thighed Hornbill Ceratogymna albotibialis
- Black-casqued Hornbill Ceratogymna atrata
- Abyssinian Ground-Hornbill Bucorvus abyssinicus
Barbets
Order: Piciformes. Family: Capitonidae
The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in Sudan.
- Gray-throated Barbet Gymnobucco bonapartei
- Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird Pogoniulus bilineatus
- Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus chrysoconus
- Red-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus pusillus
- Yellow-spotted Barbet Buccanodon duchaillui
- Hairy-breasted Barbet Tricholaema hirsuta
- Red-fronted Barbet Tricholaema diademata
- Spot-flanked Barbet Tricholaema lachrymosa
- Black-throated Barbet Tricholaema melanocephala
- Vieillot's Barbet Lybius vieilloti
- White-headed Barbet Lybius leucocephalus
- Black-billed Barbet Lybius guifsobalito
- Double-toothed Barbet Lybius bidentatus
- Bearded Barbet Lybius dubius
- Black-breasted Barbet Lybius rolleti
- Yellow-billed Barbet Trachyphonus purpuratus
- Yellow-breasted Barbet Trachyphonus margaritatus
- Red-and-yellow Barbet Trachyphonus erythrocephalus
- D'Arnaud's Barbet Trachyphonus darnaudii
Honeyguides
Order: Piciformes. Family: Indicatoridae
Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Sudan.
- Spotted Honeyguide Indicator maculatus
- Scaly-throated Honeyguide Indicator variegatus
- Greater Honeyguide Indicator indicator
- Lesser Honeyguide Indicator minor
- Willcock's Honeyguide Indicator willcocksi
- Least Honeyguide Indicator exilis
- Cassin's Honeyguide Prodotiscus insignis
- Wahlberg's Honeyguide Prodotiscus regulus
Woodpeckers and allies
Order: Piciformes. Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Sudan.
- Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla
- Rufous-necked Wryneck Jynx ruficollis
- Fine-spotted Woodpecker Campethera punctuligera
- Nubian Woodpecker Campethera nubica
- Golden-tailed Woodpecker Campethera abingoni
- Green-backed Woodpecker Campethera cailliautii
- Buff-spotted Woodpecker Campethera nivosa
- Brown-eared Woodpecker Campethera caroli
- Little Gray Woodpecker Dendropicos elachus
- Speckle-breasted Woodpecker Dendropicos poecilolaemus
- Cardinal Woodpecker Dendropicos fuscescens
- Bearded Woodpecker Dendropicos namaquus
- Golden-crowned Woodpecker Dendropicos xantholophus
- Gray Woodpecker Dendropicos goertae
- Gray-headed Woodpecker Dendropicos spodocephalus
- Brown-backed Woodpecker Dendropicos obsoletus
Larks
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in Sudan.
- Singing Bushlark Mirafra cantillans
- White-tailed Lark Mirafra albicauda
- Kordofan Lark Mirafra cordofanica
- Red-winged Lark Mirafra hypermetra
- Rufous-naped Lark Mirafra africana
- Flappet Lark Mirafra rufocinnamomea
- Rusty Lark Mirafra rufa
- Pink-breasted Lark Calendulauda poecilosterna
- Rufous-rumped Lark Pinarocorys erythropygia
- Chestnut-backed Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix leucotis
- Black-crowned Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix nigriceps
- Chestnut-headed Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix signata
- Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes cincturus
- Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti
- Greater Hoopoe-Lark Alaemon alaudipes
- Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata
- Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla
- Dunn's Lark Eremalauda dunni
- Crested Lark Galerida cristata
- Sun Lark Galerida modesta
Swallows and martins
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Sudan.
- Bank Swallow Riparia riparia
- Plain Martin Riparia paludicola
- Banded Martin Riparia cincta
- Gray-rumped Swallow Pseudhirundo griseopyga
- Eurasian Crag-Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris
- Rock Martin Ptyonoprogne fuligula
- Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
- Ethiopian Swallow Hirundo aethiopica
- Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii
- Lesser Striped-Swallow Cecropis abyssinica
- Rufous-chested Swallow Cecropis semirufa
- Mosque Swallow Cecropis senegalensis
- Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
- Red Sea Swallow Petrochelidon perdita
- Common House-Martin Delichon urbica
- White-headed Sawwing Psalidoprocne albiceps
- Blue Sawwing Psalidoprocne pristoptera
Wagtails and pipits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Motacillidae
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Sudan.
- White Wagtail Motacilla alba
- African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp
- Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava
- Gray Wagtail Motacilla cinerea
- Golden Pipit Tmetothylacus tenellus
- Yellow-throated Longclaw Macronyx croceus
- Plain-backed Pipit Anthus leucophrys
- African Pipit Anthus cinnamomeus
- Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris
- Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis
- Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis
- Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus
Cuckoo-shrikes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Campephagidae
The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- White-breasted Cuckoo-shrike Coracina pectoralis
- Gray Cuckoo-shrike Coracina caesia
- Black Cuckoo-shrike Campephaga flava
- Red-shouldered Cuckoo-shrike Campephaga phoenicea
- Purple-throated Cuckoo-shrike Campephaga quiscalina
Bulbuls
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests. There are 130 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in Sudan.
- Common Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus
- Little Greenbul Andropadus virens
- Plain Greenbul Andropadus curvirostris
- Slender-billed Greenbul Andropadus gracilirostris
- Yellow-whiskered Bulbul Andropadus latirostris
- Honeyguide Greenbul Baeopogon indicator
- Spotted Greenbul Ixonotus guttatus
- Simple Greenbul Chlorocichla simplex
- Yellow-throated Greenbul Chlorocichla flavicollis
- Joyful Greenbul Chlorocichla laetissima
- Leaf-love Phyllastrephus scandens
- Cabanis's Greenbul Phyllastrephus cabanisi
- Fischer's Greenbul Phyllastrephus fischeri
- Northern Brownbul Phyllastrephus strepitans
- Toro Olive-Greenbul Phyllastrephus hypochloris
- White-throated Greenbul Phyllastrephus albigularis
- Common Bristlebill Bleda syndactyla
- Green-tailed Bristlebill Bleda eximia
- Yellow-spotted Nicator Nicator chloris
- Red-tailed Greenbul Criniger calurus
Grey Hypocolius
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hypocoliidae
The Grey Hypocolius is a small Middle Eastern bird. They are mainly a uniform grey color, with males having a black triangular mask around the eyes, and with the shape and soft plumage of the waxwings.
- Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus
Thrushes and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Sudan.
- Rufous Flycatcher-Thrush Neocossyphus fraseri
- Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush Monticola saxatilis
- Little Rock-Thrush Monticola rufocinereus
- Blue Rock-Thrush Monticola solitarius
- Abyssinian Ground-Thrush Zoothera piaggiae
- Spotted Ground-Thrush Zoothera guttata
- Olive Thrush Turdus olivaceus
- African Thrush Turdus pelios
- Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus
- Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula
- Song Thrush Turdus philomelos
- Brown-chested Alethe Alethe poliocephala
- Fire-crested Alethe Alethe diademata
Cisticolas and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 36 species which occur in Sudan.
- Red-faced Cisticola Cisticola erythrops
- Singing Cisticola Cisticola cantans
- Whistling Cisticola Cisticola lateralis
- Rock-loving Cisticola Cisticola aberrans
- Boran Cisticola Cisticola bodessa
- Rattling Cisticola Cisticola chiniana
- Ashy Cisticola Cisticola cinereolus
- Red-pate Cisticola Cisticola ruficeps
- Winding Cisticola Cisticola galactotes
- Stout Cisticola Cisticola robustus
- Croaking Cisticola Cisticola natalensis
- Siffling Cisticola Cisticola brachypterus
- Foxy Cisticola Cisticola troglodytes
- Tiny Cisticola Cisticola nana
- Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis
- Desert Cisticola Cisticola aridulus
- Black-necked Cisticola Cisticola eximius
- Wing-snapping Cisticola Cisticola ayresii
- Graceful Prinia Prinia gracilis
- Tawny-flanked Prinia Prinia subflava
- Pale Prinia Prinia somalica
- White-chinned Prinia Prinia leucopogon
- Red-winged Prinia Prinia erythroptera
- Red-winged Gray Warbler Drymocichla incana
- Cricket Longtail Spiloptila clamans
- Black-collared Apalis Apalis pulchra
- Black-throated Apalis Apalis jacksoni
- Yellow-breasted Apalis Apalis flavida
- Buff-throated Apalis Apalis rufogularis
- Gray Apalis Apalis cinerea
- Red-fronted Warbler Urorhipis rufifrons
- Gray-capped Warbler Eminia lepida
- Green-backed Camaroptera Camaroptera brachyura
- Yellow-browed Camaroptera Camaroptera superciliaris
- Olive-green Camaroptera Camaroptera chloronota
- Gray Wren-Warbler Calamonastes simplex
Old World warblers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 56 species which occur in Sudan.
- African Bush-Warbler Bradypterus baboecala
- Bamboo Scrub-Warbler Bradypterus alfredi
- Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler Bradypterus cinnamomeus (E)
- Black-faced Rufous-Warbler Bathmocercus rufus
- Moustached Grass-Warbler Melocichla mentalis
- Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia
- Eurasian River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis
- Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides
- Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
- Eurasian Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus
- African Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus baeticatus
- Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris
- Great Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus
- Clamorous Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus
- Basra Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis
- Greater Swamp-Warbler Acrocephalus rufescens
- Lesser Swamp-Warbler Acrocephalus gracilirostris
- Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Hippolais pallida
- Upcher's Warbler Hippolais languida
- Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum
- Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina
- African Yellow Warbler Chloropeta natalensis
- Mountain Yellow Warbler Chloropeta similis
- Buff-bellied Warbler Phyllolais pulchella
- Yellow-bellied Eremomela Eremomela icteropygialis
- Senegal Eremomela Eremomela pusilla
- Green-backed Eremomela Eremomela canescens
- Rufous-crowned Eremomela Eremomela badiceps
- Green Crombec Sylvietta virens
- Northern Crombec Sylvietta brachyura
- Red-faced Crombec Sylvietta whytii
- Yellow Longbill Macrosphenus flavicans
- Green Hylia Hylia prasina
- Brown Woodland-Warbler Phylloscopus umbrovirens
- Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus
- Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita
- Mountain Chiffchaff Phylloscopus sindianus (A)
- Western Bonelli's Warbler Phylloscopus bonelli
- Eastern Bonelli's Warbler Phylloscopus orientalis
- Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix
- Yellow-bellied Hyliota Hyliota flavigaster
- Fan-tailed Grassbird Schoenicola brevirostris
- Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla
- Garden Warbler Sylvia borin
- Greater Whitethroat Sylvia communis
- Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca
- African Desert Warbler Sylvia deserti
- Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria
- Western Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis
- Red Sea Warbler Sylvia leucomelaena
- Rueppell's Warbler Sylvia rueppelli
- Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans
- Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala
- Cyprus Warbler Sylvia melanothorax
- Menetries's Warbler Sylvia mystacea
- Brown Warbler Parisoma lugens
Old World flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 62 species which occur in Sudan.
- Silverbird Empidornis semipartitus
- Pale Flycatcher Bradornis pallidus
- African Gray Flycatcher Bradornis microrhynchus
- White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher Melaenornis fischeri
- Northern Black-Flycatcher Melaenornis edolioides
- Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata
- Gambaga Flycatcher Muscicapa gambagae
- Sooty Flycatcher Muscicapa infuscata
- Swamp Flycatcher Muscicapa aquatica
- African Dusky Flycatcher Muscicapa adusta
- Dusky-blue Flycatcher Muscicapa comitata
- Ashy Flycatcher Muscicapa caerulescens
- Gray Tit-Flycatcher Myioparus plumbeus
- European Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca
- Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis
- Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata
- Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva
- White-starred Robin Pogonocichla stellata
- Forest Robin Stiphrornis erythrothorax
- Equatorial Akalat Sheppardia aequatorialis
- Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia
- Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos
- Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
- White-throated Robin Irania gutturalis
- Cape Robin-Chat Cossypha caffra
- Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat Cossypha cyanocampter
- Gray-winged Robin-Chat Cossypha polioptera
- Rueppell's Robin-Chat Cossypha semirufa
- White-browed Robin-Chat Cossypha heuglini
- Red-capped Robin-Chat Cossypha natalensis
- Snowy-crowned Robin-Chat Cossypha niveicapilla
- White-crowned Robin-Chat Cossypha albicapilla
- Spotted Morning-Thrush Cichladusa guttata
- Red-backed Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas leucophrys
- Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes
- Black Scrub Robin Cercotrichas podobe
- Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros
- Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus
- White-winged Redstart Phoenicurus erythrogaster
- Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maura
- Whinchat Saxicola rubetra
- European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola
- African Stonechat Saxicola torquata
- White-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga
- Hooded Wheatear Oenanthe monacha
- Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
- Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens
- Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka
- Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca
- Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica
- Red-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna
- Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti
- Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina
- Heuglin's Wheatear Oenanthe heuglini
- Familiar Chat Cercomela familiaris
- Brown-tailed Chat Cercomela scotocerca
- Blackstart Cercomela melanura
- Northern Anteater-Chat Myrmecocichla aethiops
- Sooty Chat Myrmecocichla nigra
- White-fronted Black-Chat Myrmecocichla albifrons
- Mocking Cliff-Chat Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris
Wattle-eyes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Platysteiridae
The wattle-eyes or puffback flycatchers are small stout passerine birds of the African tropics. They get their name from the brightly coloured fleshy eye decorations found in most species in this group. There are 31 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Sudan.
- African Shrike-flycatcher Megabyas flammulatus
- Black-and-white Shrike-flycatcher Bias musicus
- Brown-throated Wattle-eye Platysteira cyanea
- Chestnut Wattle-eye Platysteira castanea
- Jameson's Wattle-eye Platysteira jamesoni
- Chinspot Batis Batis molitor
- Gray-headed Batis Batis orientalis
- Black-headed Batis Batis minor
- Pygmy Batis Batis perkeo
Monarch flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Sudan.
- African Blue-Flycatcher Elminia longicauda
- Dusky Crested-Flycatcher Elminia nigromitrata
- Blue-headed Crested-Flycatcher Trochocercus nitens
- African Paradise-Flycatcher Terpsiphone viridis
Babblers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Timaliidae
The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Sudan.
- Scaly-breasted Illadopsis Illadopsis albipectus
- Puvel's Illadopsis Illadopsis puveli
- Pale-breasted Illadopsis Illadopsis rufipennis
- Brown Illadopsis Illadopsis fulvescens
- African Hill Babbler Illadopsis abyssinica
- Thrush Babbler Ptyrticus turdinus
- Fulvous Chatterer Turdoides fulvus
- Rufous Chatterer Turdoides rubiginosus
- Dusky Babbler Turdoides tenebrosus
- White-rumped Babbler Turdoides leucopygius
- Cretzschmar's Babbler Turdoides leucocephalus
- Brown Babbler Turdoides plebejus
Chickadees and titmice
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 4 species which occur in Sudan.
- White-shouldered Black-Tit Melaniparus guineensis
- White-bellied Tit Melaniparus albiventris
- White-backed Black-Tit Melaniparus leuconotus
- Dusky Tit Melaniparus funereus
Treecreepers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Spotted Creeper Salpornis spilonotus
Penduline tits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Remizidae
The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Sennar Penduline-Tit Anthoscopus punctifrons
- Mouse-colored Penduline-Tit Anthoscopus musculus
- Yellow Penduline-Tit Anthoscopus parvulus
Sunbirds and Spiderhunters
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Nectariniidae
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in Sudan.
- Western Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes longuemarei
- Kenya Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes orientalis
- Little Green Sunbird Anthreptes seimundi
- Green Sunbird Anthreptes rectirostris
- Collared Sunbird Hedydipna collaris
- Pygmy Sunbird Hedydipna platura
- Nile Valley Sunbird Hedydipna metallica
- Green-headed Sunbird Cyanomitra verticalis
- Eastern Olive-Sunbird Cyanomitra olivacea
- Green-throated Sunbird Chalcomitra rubescens
- Amethyst Sunbird Chalcomitra amethystina
- Scarlet-chested Sunbird Chalcomitra senegalensis
- Hunter's Sunbird Chalcomitra hunteri
- Tacazze Sunbird Nectarinia tacazze
- Malachite Sunbird Nectarinia famosa
- Olive-bellied Sunbird Cinnyris chloropygius
- Northern Double-collared Sunbird Cinnyris preussi
- Beautiful Sunbird Cinnyris pulchellus
- Mariqua Sunbird Cinnyris mariquensis
- Red-chested Sunbird Cinnyris erythrocerca
- Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris oseus
- Shining Sunbird Cinnyris habessinicus
- Splendid Sunbird Cinnyris coccinigaster
- Johanna's Sunbird Cinnyris johannae
- Variable Sunbird Cinnyris venustus
- Copper Sunbird Cinnyris cupreus
White-eyes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- African Yellow White-eye Zosterops senegalensis
- Broad-ringed White-eye Zosterops poliogastrus
- White-breasted White-eye Zosterops abyssinicus
Old World orioles
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Oriolidae
The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Sudan.
- Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus
- African Golden Oriole Oriolus auratus
- Western Black-headed Oriole Oriolus brachyrhynchus
- African Black-headed Oriole Oriolus larvatus
- Black-winged Oriole Oriolus nigripennis
Shrikes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Sudan.
- Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio
- Rufous-tailed Shrike Lanius isabellinus
- Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus (A)
- Emin's Shrike Lanius gubernator
- Southern Gray Shrike Lanius meridionalis
- Lesser Gray Shrike Lanius minor
- Gray-backed Fiscal Lanius excubitoroides
- Taita Fiscal Lanius dorsalis
- Somali Fiscal Lanius somalicus
- Common Fiscal Lanius collaris
- Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
- Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator
- Yellow-billed Shrike Corvinella corvina
- White-rumped Shrike Eurocephalus rueppelli
Bushshrikes and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Malaconotidae
Bushshrikes are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. Although similar in build to the shrikes, these tend to be either colourful species or largely black; some species are quite secretive. There are 46 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Sudan.
- Brubru Nilaus afer
- Northern Puffback Dryoscopus gambensis
- Pink-footed Puffback Dryoscopus angolensis
- Marsh Tchagra Tchagra minuta
- Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegala
- Brown-crowned Tchagra Tchagra australis
- Three-streaked Tchagra Tchagra jamesi
- Red-naped Bushshrike Laniarius ruficeps
- Luehder's Bushshrike Laniarius luehderi
- Tropical Boubou Laniarius aethiopicus
- Black-headed Gonolek Laniarius erythrogaster
- Slate-colored Boubou Laniarius funebris
- Sooty Boubou Laniarius leucorhynchus
- Rosy-patched Bushshrike Rhodophoneus cruentus
- Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike Telophorus sulfureopectus
- Gray-headed Bushshrike Malaconotus blanchoti
Helmetshrikes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Prionopidae
The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- White Helmetshrike Prionops plumatus
Drongos
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Sudan.
- Square-tailed Drongo Dicrurus ludwigii
- Fork-tailed Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis
- Velvet-mantled Drongo Dicrurus modestus
Crows, jays, ravens and magpies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Sudan.
- Piapiac Ptilostomus afer
- House Crow Corvus splendens
- Cape Crow Corvus capensis
- Pied Crow Corvus albus
- Brown-necked Raven Corvus ruficollis
- Somali Crow Corvus edithae
- Fan-tailed Raven Corvus rhipidurus
- White-necked Raven Corvus albicollis
- Thick-billed Raven Corvus crassirostris
Starlings
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Sudan.
- Wattled Starling Creatophora cinerea
- Greater Blue-eared Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis chalybaeus
- Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis chloropterus
- Bronze-tailed Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis chalcurus
- Splendid Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis splendidus
- Purple Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis purpureus
- Rueppell's Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis purpuropterus
- Long-tailed Glossy-Starling Lamprotornis caudatus
- Superb Starling Lamprotornis superbus
- Shelley's Starling Lamprotornis shelleyi
- Chestnut-bellied Starling Lamprotornis pulcher
- Violet-backed Starling Cinnyricinclus leucogaster
- Red-winged Starling Onychognathus morio
- Chestnut-winged Starling Onychognathus fulgidus
- Waller's Starling Onychognathus walleri
- Bristle-crowned Starling Onychognathus salvadorii
- White-billed Starling Onychognathus albirostris
- Neumann's Starling Onychognathus neumanni
- Stuhlmann's Starling Poeoptera stuhlmanni
- Sharpe's Starling Pholia sharpii
- Magpie Starling Speculipastor bicolor
- Red-billed Oxpecker Buphagus erythrorhynchus
- Yellow-billed Oxpecker Buphagus africanus
Weavers and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 46 species which occur in Sudan.
- White-billed Buffalo-Weaver Bubalornis albirostris
- Red-billed Buffalo-Weaver Bubalornis niger
- White-headed Buffalo-Weaver Dinemellia dinemelli
- Speckle-fronted Weaver Sporopipes frontalis
- White-browed Sparrow-Weaver Plocepasser mahali
- Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver Plocepasser superciliosus
- Gray-headed Social-Weaver Pseudonigrita arnaudi
- Baglafecht Weaver Ploceus baglafecht
- Slender-billed Weaver Ploceus pelzelni
- Little Weaver Ploceus luteolus
- Lesser Masked-Weaver Ploceus intermedius
- Spectacled Weaver Ploceus ocularis
- Black-necked Weaver Ploceus nigricollis
- Black-billed Weaver Ploceus melanogaster
- Rueppell's Weaver Ploceus galbula
- Heuglin's Masked-Weaver Ploceus heuglini
- Northern Masked-Weaver Ploceus taeniopterus
- Vitelline Masked-Weaver Ploceus vitellinus
- Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus
- Vieillot's Weaver Ploceus nigerrimus
- Black-headed Weaver Ploceus melanocephalus
- Golden-backed Weaver Ploceus jacksoni
- Cinnamon Weaver Ploceus badius (E)
- Chestnut Weaver Ploceus rubiginosus
- Yellow-mantled Weaver Ploceus tricolor
- Forest Weaver Ploceus bicolor
- Brown-capped Weaver Ploceus insignis
- Compact Weaver Pachyphantes superciliosus
- Red-bellied Malimbe Malimbus erythrogaster
- Gray's Malimbe Malimbus nitens
- Red-headed Malimbe Malimbus rubricollis
- Red-headed Weaver Anaplectes rubriceps
- Cardinal Quelea Quelea cardinalis
- Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops
- Red-billed Quelea Quelea quelea
- Yellow-crowned Bishop Euplectes afer
- Black Bishop Euplectes gierowii
- Black-winged Bishop Euplectes hordeaceus
- Orange Bishop Euplectes franciscanus
- Red Bishop Euplectes orix
- Yellow Bishop Euplectes capensis
- Fan-tailed Widowbird Euplectes axillaris
- Yellow-shouldered Widowbird Euplectes macrourus
- White-winged Widowbird Euplectes albonotatus
- Red-collared Widowbird Euplectes ardens
- Grosbeak Weaver Amblyospiza albifrons
Waxbills and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 35 species which occur in Sudan.
- Gray-headed Negrofinch Nigrita canicapilla
- Gray-headed Oliveback Nesocharis capistrata
- Orange-winged Pytilia Pytilia afra
- Red-winged Pytilia Pytilia phoenicoptera
- Green-winged Pytilia Pytilia melba
- Green-backed Twinspot Mandingoa nitidula
- Abyssinian Crimson-wing Cryptospiza salvadorii
- Black-bellied Seedcracker Pyrenestes ostrinus
- Red-headed Bluebill Spermophaga ruficapilla
- Brown Twinspot Clytospiza monteiri
- Dybowski's Twinspot Euschistospiza dybowskii
- Bar-breasted Firefinch Lagonosticta rufopicta
- Red-billed Firefinch Lagonosticta senegala
- Black-bellied Firefinch Lagonosticta rara
- African Firefinch Lagonosticta rubricata
- Jameson's Firefinch Lagonosticta rhodopareia
- Black-faced Firefinch Lagonosticta larvata
- Red-cheeked Cordonbleu Uraeginthus bengalus
- Blue-capped Cordonbleu Uraeginthus cyanocephalus
- Purple Grenadier Uraeginthus ianthinogaster
- Yellow-bellied Waxbill Estrilda quartinia
- Fawn-breasted Waxbill Estrilda paludicola
- Crimson-rumped Waxbill Estrilda rhodopyga
- Black-rumped Waxbill Estrilda troglodytes
- Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild
- Black-crowned Waxbill Estrilda nonnula
- Red-rumped Waxbill Estrilda charmosyna
- Zebra Waxbill Sporaeginthus subflavus
- Black-faced Quailfinch Ortygospiza atricollis
- African Silverbill Euodice cantans
- Gray-headed Silverbill Odontospiza griseicapilla
- Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullatus
- Black-and-white Mannikin Spermestes bicolor
- Magpie Mannikin Spermestes fringilloides
- Cut-throat Amadina fasciata
Indigobirds
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Viduidae
The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finch species. There are 20 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Sudan.
- Village Indigobird Vidua chalybeata
- Jambandu Indigobird Vidua raricola
- Baka Indigobird Vidua larvaticola
- Quailfinch Indigobird Vidua nigeriae
- Variable Indigobird Vidua funerea
- Pale-winged Indigobird Vidua wilsoni
- Cameroon Indigobird Vidua camerunensis
- Steel-blue Whydah Vidua hypocherina
- Straw-tailed Whydah Vidua fischeri
- Pin-tailed Whydah Vidua macroura
- Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah Vidua interjecta
- Eastern Paradise-Whydah Vidua paradisaea
- Northern Paradise-Whydah Vidua orientalis
Weavers and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Sudan.
- Parasitic Weaver Anomalospiza imberbis
Buntings, sparrows, seedeaters and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 10 species which occur in Sudan.
- Rock Bunting Emberiza cia
- Cinereous Bunting Emberiza cineracea
- Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana
- Cretzschmar's Bunting Emberiza caesia
- House Bunting Emberiza striolata
- Cinnamon-breasted Bunting Emberiza tahapisi
- Golden-breasted Bunting Emberiza flaviventris
- Somali Bunting Emberiza poliopleura
- Brown-rumped Bunting Emberiza affinis
- Cabanis's Bunting Emberiza cabanisi
Siskins, crossbills and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Sudan.
- Oriole Finch Linurgus olivaceus
- Eurasian Linnet Carduelis cannabina
- Cape Canary Serinus canicollis
- African Citril Serinus citrinelloides
- Southern Citril Serinus hyposticutus
- White-rumped Seedeater Serinus leucopygius
- Black-throated Canary Serinus atrogularis
- Reichenow's Seedeater Serinus reichenowi
- Yellow-fronted Canary Serinus mozambicus
- White-bellied Canary Serinus dorsostriatus
- Reichard's Seedeater Serinus reichardi
- Streaky-headed Seedeater Serinus gularis
- Streaky Seedeater Serinus striolatus
- Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githaginea
Sparrows
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Sudan. Sudan has the greatest diversity of sparrows of any country on earth.
- House Sparrow Passer domesticus (I)
- Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis
- Shelley's Rufous Sparrow Passer shelleyi
- Kordofan Rufous Sparrow Passer cordofanicus (E)
- Gray-headed Sparrow Passer griseus
- Swainson's Sparrow Passer swainsonii
- Parrot-billed Sparrow Passer gongonensis
- Desert Sparrow Passer simplex
- Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus
- Sudan Golden-Sparrow Passer luteus
- Chestnut Sparrow Passer eminibey
- Yellow-spotted Petronia Petronia pyrgita
- Bush Petronia Petronia dentata
- Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla
See also
References
- Lepage, Denis. "Checklist of birds of Sudan". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 27 April 2007.
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(help) - Clements, James F. (2000). Birds of the World: a Checklist. Cornell University Press. p. 880. ISBN 0-934797-16-1.
External links
- Birds of Sudan Birdlist, multi-lingual website by country with standardized codes for abundance and seasonal presence.