Lambda 4S: Difference between revisions
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The '''Lambda 4S''' or '''L-4S''' was an experimental [[Japan]]ese [[expendable launch system|expendable]] [[launch vehicle|carrier rocket]]. It was produced by [[Nissan]] and the [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science]] and launched five times between 1966 and 1970 with [[Ōsumi (satellite)|Ōsumi]] technology demonstration satellites. The first four launches failed, however the fifth, launched on 11 February 1970, successfully placed Ōsumi-5, the first Japanese satellite, into orbit.<ref name="JSR">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/lvdb/launch/Lambda|title=Lambda|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|work=Orbital and Suborbital Launch Database|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=2009-05-08}}</ref><ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/lambda.htm|title=Lambda|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|accessdate=2009-05-08}}</ref> |
The '''Lambda 4S''' or '''L-4S''' was an experimental [[Japan]]ese [[expendable launch system|expendable]] [[launch vehicle|carrier rocket]]. It was produced by [[Nissan]] and the [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science]] and launched five times between 1966 and 1970 with [[Ōsumi (satellite)|Ōsumi]] technology demonstration satellites. The first four launches failed, however the fifth, launched on 11 February 1970, successfully placed Ōsumi-5, the first Japanese satellite, into orbit.<ref name="JSR">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/lvdb/launch/Lambda|title=Lambda|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|work=Orbital and Suborbital Launch Database|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=2009-05-08}}</ref><ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/lambda.htm|title=Lambda|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|accessdate=2009-05-08}}</ref> |
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The Lambda 4S consisted of four stages, with two [[booster rockets]] augmenting the first stage. [[SB-310]] rockets were used as boosters, with an [[L753]] first stage. The second stage was a reduced length derivative of the L753, whilst an [[L500]] was used as the third stage.<ref name="Vehicles">{{cite web|url= |
The Lambda 4S consisted of four stages, with two [[booster rockets]] augmenting the first stage. [[SB-310]] rockets were used as boosters, with an [[L753]] first stage. The second stage was a reduced length derivative of the L753, whilst an [[L500]] was used as the third stage.<ref name="Vehicles">{{cite web|url=http://psas.pdx.edu/orbital_vehicle_comparison/ |title=Comparison of Orbital Vehicles |last= |first= |publisher= |accessdate=2015-10-16 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016221033/http://psas.pdx.edu/orbital_vehicle_comparison/ |archivedate=October 16, 2015 }}</ref> The fourth stage was an [[L480S]]. All of the stages burned [[solid-fuel rocket|solid fuel]].<ref name="EA"/> |
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The Lambda 4S could place {{convert|26|kg}} of payload into [[low Earth orbit]]. It was launched from the [[Uchinoura Space Center|Kagoshima Space Centre]]. Following its retirement in 1970, a [[sounding rocket]] derived from it, the [[Lambda 4SC]], flew three times. The [[Mu (rocket family)|Mu]] replaced Lambda for orbital launches. |
The Lambda 4S could place {{convert|26|kg}} of payload into [[low Earth orbit]]. It was launched from the [[Uchinoura Space Center|Kagoshima Space Centre]]. Following its retirement in 1970, a [[sounding rocket]] derived from it, the [[Lambda 4SC]], flew three times. The [[Mu (rocket family)|Mu]] replaced Lambda for orbital launches. |
Revision as of 14:23, 2 May 2016
![]() L-4S-5 | |
Function | Experimental carrier rocket |
---|---|
Manufacturer | ISAS Nissan |
Country of origin | Japan |
Size | |
Height | 16.5 metres (54 ft) |
Diameter | 0.74 metres (2 ft 5 in) |
Mass | 9,400 kilograms (20,700 lb) |
Stages | 4 |
Capacity | |
Payload to LEO | |
Mass | 26 kilograms (57 lb)[citation needed] |
Associated rockets | |
Family | Lambda |
Derivative work | Lambda 4SC |
Launch history | |
Status | Retired |
Launch sites | Kagoshima Pad L |
Total launches | 5 |
Success(es) | 1 |
Failure(s) | 4 |
First flight | 26 September 1966 |
Last flight | 11 February 1970 |
Type of passengers/cargo | Ōsumi |
The Lambda 4S or L-4S was an experimental Japanese expendable carrier rocket. It was produced by Nissan and the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science and launched five times between 1966 and 1970 with Ōsumi technology demonstration satellites. The first four launches failed, however the fifth, launched on 11 February 1970, successfully placed Ōsumi-5, the first Japanese satellite, into orbit.[1][2]
The Lambda 4S consisted of four stages, with two booster rockets augmenting the first stage. SB-310 rockets were used as boosters, with an L753 first stage. The second stage was a reduced length derivative of the L753, whilst an L500 was used as the third stage.[3] The fourth stage was an L480S. All of the stages burned solid fuel.[2]
The Lambda 4S could place 26 kilograms (57 lb) of payload into low Earth orbit. It was launched from the Kagoshima Space Centre. Following its retirement in 1970, a sounding rocket derived from it, the Lambda 4SC, flew three times. The Mu replaced Lambda for orbital launches.
See also
References
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Lambda". Orbital and Suborbital Launch Database. Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 2009-05-08.
- ^ a b Wade, Mark. "Lambda". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2009-05-08.
- ^ "Comparison of Orbital Vehicles". Archived from the original on October 16, 2015. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
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