List of massacres in Kosovo: Difference between revisions
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After 1918 there was no "Serbian" army, and Montenegro ceased to exist as a political entity so definitely had no army of its own |
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| Serbian paramilitary |
| Serbian paramilitary |
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| KLA or Albanian civilians |
| KLA or Albanian civilians |
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| Following Gornje Obrinje,{{sfn|Henriksen|2013|p=132}} summary execution of men suspected of being KLA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,HRW,,SRB,,3ae6a837c,0.html|title=Refworld - A Week of Terror in Drenica: Humanitarian Law Violations in Kosovo|author=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|work=Refworld|accessdate=6 April 2015 |
| Following Gornje Obrinje,{{sfn|Henriksen|2013|p=132}} summary execution of men suspected of being KLA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,HRW,,SRB,,3ae6a837c,0.html |title=Refworld - A Week of Terror in Drenica: Humanitarian Law Violations in Kosovo |author=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees |work=Refworld |accessdate=6 April 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011150718/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country%2C%2CHRW%2C%2CSRB%2C%2C3ae6a837c%2C0.html |archivedate=11 October 2012 |df= }}</ref> |
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| [[Panda Bar massacre]] |
| [[Panda Bar massacre]] |
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Ottoman period
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1737 attacks | 1737 | Kačanik to Kosovska Mitrovica | Ottoman Albanians | Serbs | [1] | |
1830 attacks | 1830 | Ottoman Albanians | Serbs | Yashar Pasha of Pristina leads destruction of churches, stealing monastery land, murder of monks, and expulsion of over 70 Serb villages between Vučitrn and Gnjilane.[2] | ||
1866 attacks | 1866 | Peć nahiya | Ottoman Albanians | Serbs | Russian consul in Prizren, Timayev, in his official report dated late 1866 describes how Albanians of the Peć nahiya have destroyed tens of Serb villages, murdered male villagers, raped women, and desecrated graves.[3] | |
Pristina massacre | 1878 | Pristina | 3,410 | Albanians | Serbs | |
1895 attacks | 1895 | Albanians | Serbs | |||
1898 attacks | 1898 | Albanians | Serbs | [4] | ||
1898 attacks | 1899 | Albanians | Serbs | [4] | ||
1901 massacres of Serbs | 1901 | Pristina and Ibarski Kolašin | Albanians | Serbs | ||
Takeover of Gjakova | 1912 | Gjakova | Serbian and Montenegrin armies | Albanians | First Balkan War | |
Takeover of Pristina | 1912 | Pristina | 5,000 [5] | Serbian army | Albanians | First Balkan War |
Takeover of Ferizaj | 1912 | Ferizaj | 1,200 | Serbian army | Albanians | First Balkan War [6] |
Takeover of Prizren | 1912 | Prizren | 5,000 [7] | Serbian and Montenegrin armies | Albanians | First Balkan War |
Leshkobare massacre | 1912 | Lloshkobare | 8 | Serbian army | Albanians | First Balkan War [6] |
Interwar period
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rugova massacre | 16 February 1919 | Rugova | 432 | Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia | Albanian civilians [8][9][10] | |
June 1919 massacres of Serbs | June 1919 | Prizren district | 823 | Albanians | Serbs |
World War II
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 1941 massacres of Kosovo Serbs | June 1941 | Albanians | Serbs | [11] | ||
Ibarski Kolašin massacres | 30 September–10 October 1941 | Ibarski Kolašin | 150 | Vulnetari and gendarmerie | Serbs | 22 villages burnt down. [11] |
June 1942 Pristina killings | Late June 1942 | Pristina area | 100 | Albanians | Serbs | [11] |
Vareška Reka massacre | June 1943 | 15 | Vulnetari and gendarmerie | Serbs | [11] | |
Uroševac massacre | 11–12 September 1943 | Uroševac area | 60 | Albanians | Serbs | Commanded by Amdija Jašarević.[11] |
Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and Plešina murders | 12–13 September 1943 | Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and Plešina | Albanians | Serbs | [11] | |
Žerovnica killings | 10 October 1943 | Žerovnica | 6 | Albanians | Serbs | [11] |
Brestovik mass killing | 13 October 1943 | Brestovik | 19 | Albanian quislings | Serbs | 19 Serbs in the Serbian village of Brestovik near Peć were killed by Albanian quislings on 13 October 1943. Before the Italian capitulation (September 1943), 12 villagers had been killed.[11] |
Rakoš massacre | October 1943 | Rakoš | 63 | Albanians | Serbs | 63 Serbs from Crkoljez, Žakovo, Ukča, Krnjina, Belica, Klina, Drsnik, Tučep, Rakoš, were shot by Albanians in Rakoš, a village half-way between Kosovska Mitrovica and Peć.[11] |
Peć massacres | Late 1943 | Peć district | 230 | Albanians | Serbs | [11] |
Ibarski Kolašin massacres | 3–25 February 1944 | Ibarski Kolašin | 69 | Vulnetari | Serbs | Attack led by Shaban Polluzha. 15 Serb villages destroyed, 900 houses burnt down, 4 girls abducted, 69 old people, women and children killed. Also, six killed during resistance.[11] |
Tople Vode massacre | 1944 | Kačanik | 13 | Bulgarian forces | Serbs | 13 Serbs from the village of Vrbeštica shot by Bulgarian forces.[11] |
Štrpce massacre | 30 June 1944 | Štrpce | 50 | Bulgarian forces | Serbs | After the death of a Bulgarian soldier.[11] |
Insurgency in Kosovo
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attacks on Likošane and Ćirez | 28 February–1 March 1998 | Likošane and Ćirez, near Glogovac | 26 | Serbian special police | KLA, Albanian civilians | Operation against KLA (16 killed), including extra-judicial killings of the Ahmeti family in Likošane and Sejdiu family in Ćirez. |
Attack on Prekaz | 5–7 March 1998 | Prekaz, near Srbica | 58 | VJ, SAJ | KLA, Albanian civilians | Operation against KLA after attacks on nearby police, shelling of leader Adem Jashari's compound, including civilian victims.[12] |
Kosovo War
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ljubenić massacre | 25 May 1998 | Ljubenić | 9 | Serbian police | KLA, Albanian civilians | Operation against KLA, extra-judicial killings of men. |
Klečka killings | 17–22 July 1998 | Klečka | 22 | KLA | Serbian civilians | KLA used cremation chambers to burn bodies of killed Serbian civilians, covering up the crime. 22 bodies were identified from remains. [13] |
Lake Radonjić massacre | Before 9 September 1998 | Glođane | 34 | KLA | Serbs, Albanians | On 9 September 1998 the Serbian police announced the finding of a mass grave. By 16 September 34 bodies were gathered. Victims included some Albanians.[14][15] |
Gornje Obrinje massacre | 26 September 1998 | Gornje Obrinje | 21 | Serbian special police | KLA, Albanian civilians | Operation against KLA, in retaliation of at least 14 killed Serbian policemen, subsequent massacre with HRW claiming 21 civilians.[16] |
Golubovac executions | 26 September 1998 | Golubovac | 13 | Serbian paramilitary | KLA or Albanian civilians | Following Gornje Obrinje,[17] summary execution of men suspected of being KLA.[18] |
Panda Bar massacre | 14 December 1998 | Peć | 6 | KLA | Serbian civilians | 6 Serb civilians killed and 14 wounded in attack on café in Peć, allegedly by KLA. |
Račak massacre | 15 January 1999 | Račak | 36 | SAJ, JSO | KLA, Albanian civilians | Operation against KLA (9 killed), including killings of civilians.[19] Controversial topic. |
Velika Kruša massacre | 25 March 1999 | Velika Kruša | 90–105 | Serbian special police | Albanian civilians | |
Bela Crkva massacre | 25 March 1999 | Račak | 58 | Serbian special police and paramilitary | Albanian civilians | |
Suva Reka massacre | 26 March 1999 | Suva Reka | 48 | Serbian police | Albanian civilians | Members of the Berisha family were forced into their family-owned pizzeria, where two hand grenades were thrown. Serbian police officers shot those who displayed signs of life. The bodies were disposed into a mass grave near a police facility in Batajnica, Serbia.[20] |
Izbica massacre | 28 March 1999 | Kosovo | 93 | VJ, police and paramilitary | Albanians | After shelling of the village of Izbica, ca. 93, mostly male non-combatants, were executed. |
Ljubižda massacre | 31 March 1999 | near Prizren, Kosovo | 14 | Serbian forces | Albanian civilians | Security forces reportedly shot 14 men in the village of Ljubižda, northwest of Prizren.[21] |
Pusto Selo massacre | 31 March 1999 | Pusto Selo near Orahovac, Kosovo | 106 | Serbian forces | KLA or Albanian civilians | The men were allegedly KLA sympathizers.[22][23] |
Rezala massacre | 5 April 1999 | Rezala | 80 | Serbian forces | Albanian civilians | Serbian police allegedly entered the Albanian village of Rezala and gunned down at least 80 villagers suspected of harbouring KLA guerrillas.[24] |
Gjakova bombing | 14 April 1999 | Gjakova | 73 | NATO | Albanian refugees | NATO accidentally bomb Albanian refugees in Gjakova. |
Poklek massacre | 17 April 1999 | 47 | Serbian police | Albanians | KLA were active in the area, while a KLA checkpoint was set up in neighbouring Vasiljevo.[25] According to testimonies, 47 people forced into a room were shot by an unidentified single gunman.[26] | |
Ćikatovo massacre | 17 April 1999 | Staro Ćikatovo | 24 | Serbian forces | Albanians | 24 men of the Morina family were killed during a day-long raid by Serbian forces.[27] Although survivors claimed that none of the killed were involved with the KLA, several members of the family are admitted KLA members.[27] |
Meja massacre | 27 April 1999 | Meja near Gjakova | 300 (HRW est.) | Serbian forces | Albanian civilians | Serbian forces retaliate for the KLA killing of five Serbian policemen in Meja on 21 April, by mass killings on 27 April in that village.[28] The number of victims is unknown, but is believed by HRW to be 300 (based on missing persons list), although very few bodies have been found.[29] |
Lužane bus bombing | 1 May 1999 | Lužane | 23–60 | NATO | Serbian civilians | NATO missile attack on bridge. |
Vučitrn massacre | 2–3 May 1999 | Vučitrn, Kosovo | 120 | Serbian forces | Albanian civilians | Albanian refugees fleeing the fighting that was occurring between the Yugoslav Army and the KLA were cornered by the Serb Special Forces (who suspected that some KLA members were fleeing the fighting with the refugees). The Special Forces picked out about 120 men who they suspected of being KLA deserters and sprayed them with bullets and later hid their bodies in a mass-grave near Gornja Sudimlja. |
Koriša bombing | 14 May 1999 | Koriša | 87 | NATO | Albanian refugees | NATO bombed a column of Albanian refugees, killing at least 87 and wounding 60. |
Ćuška massacre | 14 May 1999 | Ćuška | 41 | Serbian security forces | Albanians | An estimated twelve men killed in round-up, 29 men gathered into three houses and gunned down.[30] Unclear motive.[31] |
Dubrava Prison massacre | 22–23 May 1999 | Dubrava | 79–82 | Serbian prison guards | Albanian inmates | Inmates were extrajudicially killed or summary executed on 22 and 23 May following NATO bombings on 19 May.[32] |
Tusus massacre | 26 May 1999 | Prizren | 27–34 | Serbian forces | Albanians | Serbian forces kill 27–34 people and burn over 100 homes.[33] Retaliation for at least two killed policemen on crossing street that morning by KLA.[33] |
Aftermath of Kosovo War
Event | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator | Victims | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gnjilane massacre | June–September 1999 | Peć | 80 | KLA | Serbian civilians | KLA's Gnjilane Group burned homes and murdered Serbs and other non-Albanian civilians. The remains of 80 Serbs were discovered in mass graves in 1999. |
Staro Gracko massacre | 23 July 1999 | Lipljan | 14 | KLA | Serbian civilians | Mass killing of 14 Serb farmers in the village of Staro Gracko in the municipality of Lipljan on 23 July 1999. The killings occurred after Yugoslav troops withdrew from the region in the aftermath of the Kosovo War.[34] |
Ugljare massacre | Before August 1999 | Ugljare | KLA | Serbs | KFOR reports on 25 August 1999 the finding of 15 bodies of killed Serbs.[35] Killed months prior, the bodies were concealed by the KFOR.[36] | |
Organ theft in Kosovo | 1999 | Kosovo and Albania | 500–800 | KLA | Serbian civilians | Allegations of abducted Serb civilians killed for organ harvesting. |
Podujevo bus bombing | 16 February 2001 | Podujevo | 12 | Albanian extremists | Serbian civilians | 12 dead and 40 wounded in bombing attack on bus convoy carrying Serbs traveling to Serb enclave Gračanica to visit family graves. |
Goraždevac murders | 13 August 2003 | Goraždevac | 2 | Albanian extremists | Serbian civilians | Shots fired from Albanian village on the Serb enclave kills two, an adult and a child, and wounding four. |
See also
References
- ^ Ivanov 2005, p. 33.
- ^ Ivanov 2005, pp. 34–35.
- ^ Ivanov 2005, pp. 35–36.
- ^ a b Mikić 1988.
- ^ "SERVIAN ARMY LEFT A TRAIL OF BLOOD; Thousands of Men, Women, and Children Massacred in March to Sea, Say Hungarian Reports". Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ^ a b "Archbishop Lazër Mjeda: Report on the Serb Invasion of Kosova and Macedonia". Robert Elsie: Texts and Documents of Albanian History. 24 January 1913.[better source needed]
- ^ Historical Dictionary of Kosovo. Robert Elsie. 2010.
- ^ Haxhihasani, Qemal; Xhagolli, Agron; Shqipërisë), Instituti i Kulturës Popullore (Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të. Folklor kosovar (in Albanian). Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Kulturës Popullore.
- ^ "Statistics of the Rugova Massacre". www.albanianhistory.net.
- ^ Prifti, Kristaq. The Truth on Kosova. Encyclopaedia Publishing House.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Antonijević 2009.
- ^ Krieger 2001, p. 96.
- ^ Human Rights Watch (2001). UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo. Samizdat B92.
- ^ Krieger 2001, p. 108.
- ^ HRW 2001, p. 13.
- ^ Dag Henriksen (15 November 2013). NATO's Gamble: Combining Diplomacy and Airpower in the Kosovo Crisis, 1998-1999. Naval Institute Press. pp. 132–. ISBN 978-1-61251-555-7.
- ^ Henriksen 2013, p. 132.
- ^ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld - A Week of Terror in Drenica: Humanitarian Law Violations in Kosovo". Refworld. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ Judah 2000, p. 193.
- ^ "Four Serb Policemen Jailed for Suva Reka Massacre". 25 April 2009. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
- ^ Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Kosovo): After tragedy, justice?
- ^ "UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo - 9. Orahovac Municipality". Retrieved 6 April 2015.
- ^ Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Kosovo): After tragedy, justice?
- ^ "UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo - 5. Drenica Region". Retrieved 6 April 2015.
- ^ HRW 2001, p. 167.
- ^ HRW 2001, pp. 168, 171.
- ^ a b HRW 2001, p. 173.
- ^ HRW 2001, p. 228.
- ^ HRW 2001, pp. 227–228.
- ^ HRW 2001, pp. 305–306.
- ^ HRW 2001, p. 307.
- ^ HRW 2001, pp. 244–259.
- ^ a b HRW 2001, p. 339.
- ^ United Nations (22 February 2002). Yearbook of the United Nations 1999. United Nations Publications. pp. 367–. ISBN 978-92-1-100856-2. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
- ^ Yugoslav Survey 40, p. 120.
- ^ Review of International Affairs. Federation of Yugoslav Journalists. 2000. p. 76.
Sources
- Antonijević, Nenad (2009). Mirković, Jovan (ed.). Албански злочини над Србима на Косову и Метохији у Другом светском рату, документа, друго измењено и допуњено издање (PDF). Belgrade: Музеј жртава геноцида.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Judah, Tim (2002) [2000]. Kosovo: War and Revenge. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09725-2.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Krieger, Heike (2001). The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974-1999. Cambridge University Press. p. 96. ISBN 0-521-80071-4.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - HRW (2001). Under Orders: War Crimes in Kosovo. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 978-1-56432-264-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Mikić, Đorđe (1988). Društvene i ekonomske prilike kosovskih srba u XIX i početkom XX veka. SANU.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Yugoslav Survey. Vol. 40. Jugoslavija Publishing House. 1999.
External links
- OSCE: Kosovo/Kosova - As Seen, As Told, 1999
- Under Orders: War Crimes in Kosovo (Human Right Watch)
- ICTY: Indictment of Milutinović et al., "Kosovo", September 5 2002
- Report of the UN Secretary-General, January 31, 1999
- Photographic Evidence of Kosovo Genocide and Conflict
- SERBIAN MASSACRES BEFORE NATO AIRSTRIKES
- Kosovo Genocide: Massacres
- The Kosovo Cover-Up
- Kosovo massacre trial
- Judgment in the Vlastimir Djorjevic case, February 23, 2011