Jump to content

Clinton Foundation

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 207.237.243.100 (talk) at 01:43, 31 March 2014 (Undid revision 602045194 by Ging287 (talk)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation
Founded2001
FounderBill Clinton, former President of the United States
PurposeHumanitarian
Location
  • New York City
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Revenue
$214 million in 2012[1]
Employees
350 in 2013[1]
Websitehttp://www.clintonfoundation.org/
Former U.S. President Bill Clinton

The Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation[2] (originally, the William J. Clinton Foundation) is a non-profit foundation established by former President of the United States Bill Clinton with the stated mission to "strengthen the capacity of people throughout the world to meet the challenges of global interdependence." The Foundation focuses on four critical areas: health security; economic empowerment; leadership development and citizen service; and racial, ethnic and religious reconciliation. The Foundation works principally through partnerships with like-minded individuals, organizations, corporations, and governments, often serving as an incubator for new policies and programs. They have offices located in New York City and Little Rock, Arkansas.

History

The William J. Clinton Foundation was founded in 2001 following the completion of the Presidency of Bill Clinton.[1] Longtime Clinton advisor Bruce Lindsey became the CEO in 2004.[3][4] Other Clinton hands who played an important early role included Doug Band[5] and Ira Magaziner.[3] Additional Clinton associates who have had senior positions at the foundation include John Podesta and Laura Graham.[1]

Most of the foundation's successes came from Bill Clinton's worldwide fame and his ability to forge together corporate executives, celebrities, and government officials.[1] Similarly, the foundation areas of involvement have often corresponded to whatever Bill Clinton suddenly felt an interest in.[1]

In September 2005, Frank Giustra flew Clinton to Kazakhstan as part of a three-country philanthropic tour. Clinton praised that nation's president Nursultan Nazarbayev for "this statement you have made about opening up the social and political life [of Kazakhstan]." Within two days of the meeting, Giustra's fledgling uranium company signed preliminary agreements giving it the right to buy into three uranium projects controlled by the state-owned uranium agency, Kazatomprom. In 2006, in the months after Clinton's visit, Giustra donated $31 million to the Clinton Foundation.[6] However, Giustra had developed deep financial links with Khazakstan business uranium interests long before he and Clinton went to Khazakstan together.[7][8]

Around 2007, the Clinton Foundation was criticized for a lack of transparency. Although U.S. law did not require nonprofit charities — including presidential foundations — to disclose the identities of their contributors, critics said that the names of donors should be disclosed because Hillary Rodham Clinton, was running to be the Democratic nominee for President of the United States. Commentator Matthew Yglesias wrote in a Los Angeles Times op-ed that the Clintons should make public the names of foundation donors to avoid any appearance of impropriety.[9]

Following the failure of her bid, the election of Barack Obama, and his nomination of her to become U.S. Secretary of State, Bill Clinton agreed to accept a number of conditions and restrictions regarding his ongoing activities and fundraising efforts for the Clinton Presidential Center and the Clinton Global Initiative.[10] Accordingly, a list of donors was released for the first time in December 2008.[11] The list was large and included politically sensitive donors from the Kingdom of Saudia Arabia to Blackwater Worldwide.[12] The foundation insisted that the disclosures would ensure that "not even the appearance of a conflict of interest" would exist once Hillary Clinton was Secretary of State.[12]

The Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) was spun off into a separate organization in 2010.[1]

By 2011, Chelsea Clinton was taking a dominant role in the foundation, and had a seat on its board.[1] She also drove the organization to get its first outside review.[3] Lindsey moved from being CEO to being chair, largely for health reasons.[3]

In 2013, following the completion of Hillary Rodham Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State, she joined the foundation, where she planned to work on issues regarding women and small children[13][14] as well as economic development.[3] Accordingly at that point, it was renamed the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation.[1] Extra attention was paid to the foundation due to the possibility of her work for it becoming part of a visibility platform for a possible campaign in the United States presidential election, 2016.[1][3]

In July 2013, Eric Braverman was named CEO of the foundation.[4] He is a friend and former colleague of Chelsea Clinton from McKinsey & Company.[1][3] At the same time, Chelsea Clinton was named vice chair of the foundation's board.[1][4] The foundation was also in the midst of a move to two floors of the Time-Life Building in Midtown Manhattan.[1]

The outside review, conducted by the firm of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, came to conclusions that achieve public view in mid-2013.[3] A main aspect was to resolve how the foundation could achieve a firm financial footing that was not dependent upon the former president's fundraising abilities, how it could operate more like a permanent entity rather than a start-up organization, and thus how it could survive and prosper beyond Bill Clinton's lifetime.[1][3] Dennis Cheng, a former Hillary Clinton campaign official and State Department deputy chief, was named to oversee a $250 million endowment drive.[1] The review also found the management and structure of the foundation needed to improve, including an increase in the size of its board of directors that would have a more direct involvement in planning and budget activities.[3] Additionally, the review said that all employees needed to understood the foundation's conflict of interest policies and that expense reports needed a more formal review process.[3]

In August 2013, The New York Times reported on the foundation's recent developments, including financial losses, staff conflicts and spending excesses.[1] In response, Bill Clinton published an open letter saying the deficits described by the paper were misleading and a consequence of the unique accounting and tax reporting requirements placed upon foundations.[15]

Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)

The Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) is a global health organization committed to strengthening integrated health systems in the developing world and expanding access to care and treatment for HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis.[16] Organizations such as the Clinton Foundation continue to supply anti-malarial drugs to Africa and other affected areas; according to director Inder Singh, in 2011 more than 12 million individuals will be supplied with subsidized anti-malarial drugs.[17] As of January 1, 2010, the Clinton HIV/AIDS Initiative, an initiative of the Clinton Foundation, became a separate nonprofit organization called the Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI).

CHAI strives to make treatment for HIV/AIDS more affordable and to implement large-scale integrated care, treatment, and prevention programs. Since its inception, CHAI has helped bring AIDS care and treatment to over 750,000 people living with HIV/AIDS around the world. Its activities have included AIDS care and treatment in Africa, including the brokering of drug distribution agreements. During President Clinton's 2006 trip to Africa, CHAI signed agreements with several new countries. Over the course of the past year, CHAI has expanded its partner countries and members of the Procurement Consortium to over 70 including 22 governments, who are now able to purchase AIDS medicines and diagnostic equipment at CHAI's reduced prices.

CHAI launched the Pediatric and Rural Initiatives in 2005 to focus on bringing AIDS care and treatment to those most often marginalized— children and those living in rural areas. CHAI also negotiated agreements that reduce the prices of second-line drugs and rapid diagnostic tests. In May 2007, CHAI and UNITAID announced agreements that help middle-income and low-income countries save money on second-line drugs. The partnership also reduced the price of a once-daily first-line treatment to less than $1 per day.[18]

In addition to drug access programs, CHAI also focuses on country operations, with programs that help governments with pediatric care and treatment, improving rural health care and human resources for health and the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT). In 2008, approximately 185,000 children benefited from increased access to infant diagnosis aided by the training of 8,500 health care workers who offered pediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART). 2008 also saw six PMTCT country programs launched which ensured that every HIV-positive pregnant woman in the program catchment area was provided with prevention, care and treatment services including counseling, testing and feeding recommendations.

In the Summer of 2008, CHAI's Executive Vice President, Inder Singh, announced the closing of cost-reduction agreements with several suppliers of malaria medication, which will be extended to CHAI partners as part of its care and treatment program.

The Clinton Foundation HIV/AIDS Initiative's work on the ground has been subject of some criticism. The American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank, wrote that governments and organizations in Africa and Asia that partnered with the Foundation expressed caution and alarm at the Foundation's focus on treating a large number of patients with less regard for the importance of adherence, follow-up and quality of care.[19]

CHAI was spun off into a separate organization in 2010; Ira Magaziner became its CEO (he had been a key figure in the Clinton health care plan of 1993).[1] Chelsea Clinton joined its board in 2011, as did Tachi Yamada, former President of the Global Health Program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.[1]

Clinton Global Initiative (CGI)

The Clinton Global Initiative (CGI) was founded in 2005 by President Bill Clinton. Doug Band, who was a key architect of Clinton's post-presidency, was heavily involved in the formation as well.[5] Clinton has credited Band with being the originator of CGI and has noted that "Doug had the idea to do this."[20] Band left his paid position at CGI in 2010,[1] preferring to emphasis his Teneo business and family pursuits, but remains on the CGI advisory board.[3] The overlap between CGI and Teneo, which Bill Clinton was a paid advisor with for a while, has drawn criticism at times.[1]

CGI is a non-partisan organization that convenes global leaders to devise and implement innovative solutions to the world’s most pressing problems. Each year, CGI hosts an Annual Meeting in September, scheduled to coincide with the U.N. General Assembly. Throughout the year, CGI helps its members – primarily corporations, NGOs, and government leaders – maximize their efforts to create positive change. CGI is not a grant-making organization. CGI Annual Meetings have brought together more than 150 heads of state, 20 Nobel Prize laureates, and hundreds of leading CEOs, heads of foundations and NGOs, major philanthropists, and members of the media. As of 2013, CGI members have made more than 2,300 commitments, which have improved the lives of over 400 million people in more than 180 countries. When fully funded and implemented, these commitments will be valued at $73.5 billion.[21]

President of Brazil Dilma Rousseff opens Clinton Global Initiative Latin America in 2013

CGI meetings also include CGI University, an annual conference for college students, and CGI America, an annual event focused on finding solutions that promote economic recovery in the United States. In December 2013, CGI hosted its first CGI Latin America meeting in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

One of its major donors is Norway's government—20 million Norwegian kroner per year as of 2013.[22]

Annual Meeting

The Annual Meeting is attended by heads of state, business leaders, nonprofit directors, prominent members of the media, Nobel Prize winners, and other notable global leaders. Attendees have included President Barack Obama, Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon, Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Lance Armstrong, Lloyd Blankfein, Warren Buffett, Bill Gates, former Vice President Al Gore, Ruchira Gupta, Paul Farmer, Wangari Maathai, Rupert Murdoch, Rex Tillerson, Jeff Gordon, and Muhammad Yunus. The 2009 Annual Meeting featured an opening address by President Obama and a closing address by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. The 2010 Annual Meeting took place September 21–23 in New York City.

At the Annual Meeting, CGI members discuss major global issues, share ideas and knowledge about effective solutions, and form partnerships that enable them to enhance their work.

Commitments to Action

Each CGI member develops a Commitment to Action – a plan to take specific action to make the world a better place. Commitments generally fit within one of CGI’s nine tracks: The Built Environment, Education & Workforce Development, Energy, Environmental Stewardship, Girls & Women, Global Health, Market-Based Approaches, Response & Resilience, and Technology.

Commitments must be new, specific, and measurable, but beyond those three criteria, members have wide latitude to determine which actions to take. CGI then monitors the progress and success of these commitments throughout the year. Funding pledged through commitments does not come through CGI, and is not donated to CGI. Rather, organizations commit to raise and distribute money on their own.

Since 2005, CGI members have made more than 2,300 Commitments to Action, which have improved the lives of over 400 million people in more than 180 countries. .


CGI University

In 2007, President Clinton launched CGI U, which expanded the successful model of CGI to students, universities, and national youth organizations. CGI U includes two days of plenary sessions and hands-on breakout sessions, followed by a day-long service project.

Since the first meeting in 2008, CGI U members have made more than 2,000 Commitments to Action in the areas of energy and climate change, global health, human rights and peace, and poverty alleviation.

At its inaugural meeting, CGI University was held in March 2008 at Tulane University in New Orleans. More than 600 attendees came together to inspire action on college campuses. In 2009, the meeting was held at the University of Texas at Austin, and in 2010 the CGI U meeting was held in April at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida. CGI U was held in April 2011 at the University of California, San Diego[23] More than 1,000 individuals attended the event.[23] In 2012, at The George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Panelists included Jon Stewart, Madeleine Albright, and Vandana Shiva.

Former U.S. President Bill Clinton with Alonzo Mourning during CGI University Day of Service in Miami, Florida.

Washington University in St. Louis plans on hosting CGI U in early April 2013. The event will feature Bill and Chelsea Clinton, Stephen Colbert, Jack Dorsey, Salman Khan, and many others.[24]

CGI America

On June 13 and 14 of 2013, President Clinton hosted the third meeting of CGI America in Chicago, an annual event focused on finding solutions that promote economic recovery in the United States.[25] This working meeting purportedly brought together leaders from the business, foundation, NGO, and government sectors to develop solutions to increase employment, advance access to education and skills development, strengthen energy security, and promote an environment for business growth and innovation.

CGI International

Responding to increasing interest among business and governments around the world, President Clinton launched CGI International to supplement the Annual Meeting in New York with additional meetings in various regions of the globe.

In December 2008, President Clinton convened the first CGI International meeting in Hong Kong to address local, regional, and global challenges. The focus of the CGI meeting in Asia was on three main areas: education, energy and climate change, and public health. The two-day meeting attracted over 3,000 accredited delegates, a record number for a nongovernmental organization gathering in Asia.

Prominent participants included: business leaders such as Ajay Banga, Ronnie Chan, Victor Fung, Christopher Graves and Stephen S. Roach; government leaders such as Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Lee Kuan Yew, Nambaryn Enkhbayar, and Donald Tsang Yum Kuen; NGO heads such as Elisea Gozun, David Ho, and Xiaoyi Liao; thought leaders such as Maris Martinsons, Sugata Mitra, and Hong Zhang; and Surin Pitsuwan and Ban Ki-moon, the Secretaries-General of ASEAN and the United Nations, respectively.

Clinton Global Citizen Awards

The Clinton Global Citizen Awards are a set of awards which have been given by the Clinton Global Initiative every year since 2007.[26] The awards are given to individuals who, in the opinion of the Clinton Foundation, are "outstanding individuals who exemplify global citizenship through their vision and leadership".[26] Past recipients of the award include Mexican business magnate and philanthropist Carlos Slim,[26] Moroccan entrepreneur Mohammad Abbad Andaloussi,[27] Rwandan President Paul Kagame,[28] and Dominican Republic President Leonel Fernández.[29]

Clinton Climate Initiative (CCI)

Building on his long term commitment to preserving the environment, President Clinton launched the Clinton Foundation's Climate Initiative (CCI) in August 2006, with the mission of applying the Foundation's business-oriented approach to fight against climate change in practical, measurable, and significant ways.

Recognizing the opportunity to fight climate change in the world's cities, CCI is working with 40 of the world's largest cities to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions through a variety of large-scale programs, a purchasing alliance, and measurement tools to track progress and share best practices.

On August 1, 2006, the Foundation entered into a partnership with the Large Cities Climate Leadership Group, agreeing to provide resources to allow the participating cities to enter into an energy-saving product purchasing consortium and to provide technical and communications support.[30]

In May 2007, CCI announced its first project which will help some large cities cut greenhouse gas emissions by facilitating retrofitting of existing buildings. Five large banks committed $1 billion each to help cities and building owners make energy-saving improvements aimed at lowering energy use and energy costs.[31]

At the 2007 Clinton Global Initiative, President Clinton announced the 1Sky campaign to accelerate bold federal policy on global warming.[32] The 1Sky campaign supports at least an 80% reduction in climate pollution levels by 2050.

On May 19, 2009, CCI announced the global Climate Positive Development Program where it will work with the U.S. Green Building Council to promote "climate positive" city growth.[33]

Clinton Development Initiative (CDI)

The Clinton Development Initiative, originally the Clinton Hunter Development Initiative, was formed in 2006 as a partnership between Scottish philanthropist Sir Tom Hunter's Hunter Foundation and former President Bill Clinton's Clinton Foundation to target the root causes of poverty in Africa and promote sustainable economic growth.[34]

The initiative will invest $100 million over the next 10 years in projects that will improve food security, clean water and sanitation, and quality health care. Right now, these programs are focused in Rwanda and Malawi, but can potentially be expanded to other countries in the future.

Together with the governments of these two countries, CDI has had such successes as helping farmers access fertilizer, disease-resistant seeds, irrigation systems, advanced planting techniques and micro-credit. This assistance has led to a record harvest in eastern Rwanda. CDI has also helped Partners in Health build new health care facilities in Neno, Malawi.

In 2007 and 2008, CHDI assisted in the training of thousands of farmers on advanced planting techniques, helped to strengthen the organization, operations and sales of Rwandan coffee manufacturers and Malawian cotton farmers and partnered with local governments in large-scale developments including irrigation, hospital and school projects.

The Alliance for a Healthier Generation

Following his quadruple bypass surgery in 2004, President Clinton became even more outspoken importance of a healthy lifestyle and to the prevalence of childhood obesity in America. The Alliance for a Healthier Generation is a partnership between the Clinton Foundation and the American Heart Association that is working to end the childhood obesity epidemic in the United States by 2010.

The Alliance for a Healthier Generation includes The Healthy Schools Program, The empowerME Movement for youth leadership to fight obesity, an industry team working to make deals with food and beverage organizations (which is why The Alliance does not accept money from food and beverage companies), and a healthcare initiative.[35]

The Healthy Schools Program supports schools' efforts to create healthier environments for students and staff. The Program provides hands-on and online support to schools, helping them to offer healthier food, more opportunities for exercise, and education on how to lead a healthier lifestyle. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, which provided an initial $8 million to start the Healthy Schools Program, recently awarded a $20 million grant to expand the program to over 8,000 schools in states with the highest obesity rates.[36]

The Alliance for a Healthier Generation's Kid's Movement known as The empowerME Movement empowers children to take charge of their own healthy lifestyles and be leaders in a movement for healthier living. empowerME focuses on engaging, educating and activating kids to eat better and exercise. The Kids' Movement has inspired more than 2.5 million kids to make a pledge to go healthy.

At the industry level, the Alliance for a Healthier Generation struck agreements with major food and beverage manufacturers to provide kids with nutritional options, and established nutrition guidelines for school vending machines, stores and cafeterias to promote healthy eating. Some of the companies involved in these efforts are Coca-Cola, Cadbury plc, Campbell Soup Company, Groupe Danone, Kraft Foods, Mars and PepsiCo.[37][38]

The fourth initiative involves working with insurance companies and healthcare providers to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment of childhood obesity.

Clinton Economic Opportunity Initiative

President Clinton established the Clinton Economic Opportunity Initiative to help individuals and families succeed and business grow. The Foundation's domestic efforts began in 2002 with the Harlem Small Business Initiative, which provided local business with pro bono consulting services. In 2007, CEO initiated the Financial Mainstream Program, which increases the access of unbanked populations to starter bank accounts and the Entrepreneur Mentoring Program, which pairs inner city entrepreneurs with successful business mentors. These new initiatives broadened CEO's focus by promoting financial stability and money management skills and helping to develop sound business knowledge. As part of the Harlem Small Business Initiative, in August 2009 the foundation released a Harlem guide with Zagat Survey highlighting hundreds of local businesses in an effort to promote them to a wider audience and to attract additional economic development.[39]

Clinton Giustra Sustainable Growth Initiative

Launched in 2007, CGSGI is working with local communities, the private sector, governments and other non-governmental organizations to develop new, practical models for businesses to spur sustainable social and economic development as an integral part of their operations in the developing world. CGSGI is focusing on market-driven development that creates jobs and increases incomes, and on enabling factors such as health and education.

CGSGI will focus on Latin America in its early phases, and anticipates expanding its work to additional countries to Latin America, Africa and beyond.

As part of CGSGI's commitment to corporate social responsibility, the initiative has engaged in long-term social and economic improvement including projects in health, education and business entrepreneurship and development. In 2008, CGSGI worked to deliver health care to over 60,000 people in rural areas and empowered youth through programs in child nutrition, vocational training and support for microenterprise development that will positively affect 4,000 vulnerable students and their families.

Clinton Health Matters Initiative (CHMI)

In November 2012, Bill Clinton announced the launch of the Clinton Health Matters Initiative (CHMI). CHMI is a national initiative, building on the Clinton Foundation's work on global health and childhood obesity, that works to improve the health and well-being of people across the United States by activating individuals, communities, and organizations to make meaningful contributions to the health of others. CHMI works to implement evidence-based systems, environmental and investment strategies, with the goals of ultimately reducing the prevalence of preventable diseases, reducing health care costs associated with preventable diseases, and improving the quality of life for people across America. CHMI works to activate individuals to lead healthier lives by providing a platform to access local, scalable solutions for healthy change agents; advance community health by closing gaps in health disparities and focusing efforts in underserved areas; and, engage the private sector through pledges to improve the health and well-being of the nation. These successes are showcased at the annual Health Matters conference, where national thought leaders convene to discuss ways in which individuals, communities, and corporations can contribute to the health of others. The Health Matters Conference is held every January in the Coachella Valley in partnership with the Humana Challenge golf tournament.

Disaster relief

The Foundation has funded extensive disaster relief programs following the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

Shortly after Hurricane Katrina hit, President George W. Bush asked former Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton to raise funds to help rebuild the Gulf Coast region. The two Presidents, having worked together to assist victims of the Indian Ocean tsunami, established the Bush-Clinton Katrina Fund to identify and meet the unmet needs in the region, foster economic opportunity, and to improve the quality of life of those affected.[40] In the first month after the hurricane, the Fund collected over 42,000 online donations alone; approximately $128.4 million has been received to date from all 50 states and $30.9 million from foreign countries.

The foundation was again involved following the 2010 Haiti earthquake.[1] Bill Clinton has spent considerable time in Haiti following that disaster.

Contributors

Below is a list of contributors[41]

Greater than $25,000,000

$10,000,001 to $25,000,000

$5,000,001 to $10,000,000

$1,000,001 to $5,000,000

$500,001 to $1,000,000

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Confessore, Nicholas; Chozick, Amy (August 14, 2013). "Unease at Clinton Foundation Over Finances and Ambitions". The New York Times. p. A1.
  2. ^ Haberman, Maggie (April 8, 2013). "Foundation renamed for all three Clintons". Politico. Retrieved June 13, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Haberman, Maggie (August 13, 2013). "Hillary Clinton's next act: The family foundation". Politico.
  4. ^ a b c "Eric Braverman Named Chief Executive Officer of the Clinton Foundation" (Press release). Clinton Foundation. July 2, 2013.
  5. ^ a b Alisson Clark. "The Gator Behind Bill Clinton", The Gainesville Sun, February 4, 2009.
  6. ^ These events were disclosed in a New York Times article.
  7. ^ Forbes Magazine, Robert Lenzner
  8. ^ Douglas Todd (January 21, 2009). "Hillary Clinton, Bill and Frank Giustra can rest easier". The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved April 14, 2009.
  9. ^ Yglesias, Matthew (October 4, 2007). "Who's Giving Money to Bill Clinton? – LA Times". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 24, 2008.
  10. ^ Baker, Peter (November 29, 2008). "Bill Clinton to Name Donors as Part of Obama Deal". The New York Times. Retrieved December 1, 2008.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Philip Rucker, Eclectic bunch of donors – near, far, left, even right – gave to Clinton group, The Washington Post, January 2, 2010
  12. ^ a b c d Baker, Peter; Savage, Charlie (December 19, 2008). "In Clinton List, a Veil Is Lifted on Foundation". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
  13. ^ Rutenberg, Jim (May 30, 2013). "Clinton Hires Ex-State Dept. Aide and Joins Husband's Foundation". The New York Times.
  14. ^ "Hillary Clinton initiative will focus on kids". CNN. June 14, 2013.
  15. ^ Reeve, Elspeth (August 16, 2013). "Bill Clinton Disputes Report of Turmoil at the Clinton Foundation". The Atlantic.
  16. ^ Smith, Pohla (August 20, 2008). "Expertise in economics and social issues at Clinton Foundation for resident Inder Singh". Post Gazette. Retrieved July 21, 2011. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ Harvard-MIT Health Sciences. "BEP grad Inder Singh orchestrates affordable malaria drug development". Retrieved August 16, 2011.
  18. ^ Dugger, Celia W. (September 19, 2006). "Five Nations To Tax Airfare To Raise Funds For AIDS Drugs". NY Times. Retrieved October 2, 2007. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  19. ^ "American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research". Retrieved January 17, 2009.
  20. ^ Jeremy Wallace. "Clinton Heaps Praise on Band Family", Sarasota Herald-Tribune, October 1, 2009.
  21. ^ "An Open Letter from Bill Clinton", Clinton Foundation.
  22. ^ Norge bruker 20 millioner på Clinton
  23. ^ a b "Clinton Global Initiative University to Bring Students, Nonprofit Leaders, Social Entrepreneurs, and Celebrities to Campus in April".This Week @ UCSD, November 22, 2010.
  24. ^ "CGIU 2013 Washington University in St. Louis". Retrieved April 1, 2013.
  25. ^ 2013 Agenda, CGI America.
  26. ^ a b c Clinton Global Initiative (2012). "2012 Clinton Global Citizen Awards". Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  27. ^ Clinton Global Initiative (2012). "2011 Clinton Global Citizen Awards". Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  28. ^ Nambi, Irene V (September 25, 2009). "Rwanda: Kagame Honoured With Global Citizen Award". The New Times. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
  29. ^ Clinton Global Initiative (2012). "2010 Clinton Global Citizen Awards". Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  30. ^ "Former President Clinton launches climate change initiative". Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  31. ^ "President Clinton Announces Landmark Program to Reduce Energy Use in Buildings Worldwide". Archived from the original on July 4, 2007. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  32. ^ Rockefeller Brothers Fund: News & Resources: Multimedia: President Clinton Recognizes 1Sky Campaign on Global Warming
  33. ^ "Press Release: Clinton Climate Initiative To Demonstrate Model For Sustainable Urban Growth With Projects In 10 Countries On Six Continents". Retrieved June 16, 2009. [dead link]
  34. ^ Cowell, Alan (December 10, 2005). "A Scotsman Wields a Not-So-Invisible Hand in Africa – NY Times". The New York Times. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  35. ^ "Clinton Foundation and American Heart Association – and Industry Leaders Set Healthy School Beverage Guidelines for U.S. Schools". Archived from the original on April 10, 2007. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  36. ^ "Healthy Schools Program". Retrieved October 2, 2007. [dead link]
  37. ^ Burros, Marian (October 7, 2006). "Producers Agree to Send Healthier Foods to Schools – NY Times". The New York Times. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  38. ^ "How Bill Put the Fizz in the Fight Against Fat – TIME Magazine". Time. May 7, 2006. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  39. ^ Squires, Kathleen (August 12, 2009). Shining a Spotlight on Harlem. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  40. ^ Strom, Stephanie (October 5, 2005). "Clinton Lends His Expertise and an Ear in Louisiana – NY Times". The New York Times. Retrieved October 2, 2007.
  41. ^ "Clinton Foundation Donor List – Fox News". December 18, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  42. ^ "100 Women in Hedge Funds New York Gala raises close to $2m for the William J. Clinton Foundation's U.S. Childhood Obesity Prevention program, Alliance for a Healthier Generation". November 17, 2011. Retrieved November 17, 2011.
  43. ^ http://www.antiaids.org
  44. ^ "Clinton Global Initiative, Commitment Database – Hult International Business School". Retrieved September 30, 2010.


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clinton_Foundation&oldid=602045993"