Jabuka, Pančevo: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 44°56′35″N 20°35′35″E / 44.94306°N 20.59306°E / 44.94306; 20.59306
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<ref>Friedrich Scharinger (19 March 1903, Jabuka – 30 December 1971, [[Eisenstadt]]; military service in [[Royal Yugoslav Army|Royal Army]] ([[Prekmurje]], 1924), member of [[Ordnungspolizei|Banater Staatswache]] since May 1941 and [[7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen|SS Freiwilligen Gebirgsjäger Division]] „[[Prince Eugene of Savoy|Prinz Eugen]]” ([[Horses in World War II|horse keeper]] under supreme command of ''[[Military formation|Zugführer]]'' Johannes Swoboda; from April 1942 to January 1945 ([[desertion]]; voluntary captivity on 29 April 1945 in [[Gáborjánháza]]; [[NKWD]]-[[POW camp]] No. 428, [[Moscow oblast]]). [[Civil registration|Magistrat]] of the City of Eisenstadt. Theresia [[Surname|Richardt]] (Serbian: Rihart) (7 November 1909, Jabuka, [[Austria-Hungary]] – 27 July 1993, Vienna, [[Austria]]).</ref><ref>Barbara Scharinger (8 July 1937 – 3 April 2011).</ref><ref>Ana Rupić, 15 January 1927 – 1 July 2014.</ref>
<ref>Friedrich Scharinger (19 March 1903, Jabuka – 30 December 1971, [[Eisenstadt]]; military service in [[Royal Yugoslav Army|Royal Army]] ([[Prekmurje]], 1924), member of [[Ordnungspolizei|Banater Staatswache]] since May 1941 and [[7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen|SS Freiwilligen Gebirgsjäger Division]] „[[Prince Eugene of Savoy|Prinz Eugen]]” ([[Horses in World War II|horse keeper]] under supreme command of ''[[Military formation|Zugführer]]'' Johannes Swoboda; from April 1942 to January 1945 ([[desertion]]; voluntary captivity on 29 April 1945 in [[Gáborjánháza]]; [[NKWD]]-[[POW camp]] No. 428, [[Moscow oblast]]). [[Civil registration|Magistrat]] of the City of Eisenstadt. Theresia [[Surname|Richardt]] (Serbian: Rihart) (7 November 1909, Jabuka, [[Austria-Hungary]] – 27 July 1993, Vienna, [[Austria]]).</ref><ref>Barbara Scharinger (8 July 1937 – 3 April 2011).</ref><ref>Ana Rupić, 15 January 1927 – 1 July 2014.</ref>


In 1944, one part of German population left from the region, together with defeated German army. The remaining Germans of the village were sent to local [[Internment|imprisonments]] which existed until 1948. After prison camps were dissolved, many of German population left Yugoslavia because of economic families reasons.<ref>Stefan Metha, Zaus ontr Themesch (At Home Under Tamiš, 1100 gesammelte Wörter unserer [[Dialect|Mundart]], [[Printing|Chroma]], [[Römerberg]] 1990. [[Romanians of Serbia|Stefan Metha]] [[Old Man|senior]], Deputy of Deutsche Mannschaft ''[[Hermann Göring]]'', Einsatzstaffel Apfeldorf (operation echelon apple village).</ref>
In 1944, one part of German population left from the region, together with defeated German army. The remaining Germans of the village were sent to local [[Internment|imprisonments]] which existed until 1948. After prison camps were dissolved, many of German population left Yugoslavia because of economic families reasons.<ref>Stefan Metha, Zaus ontr Themesch (At Home Under Tamiš, 1100 gesammelte Wörter unserer [[Dialect|Mundart]], [[Printing|Chroma]], [[Römerberg]] 1990. Joseph Speidel, Mannschaftsführer of Einsatzstaffel Apfeldorf. [[Romanians of Serbia|Stefan Metha]], Deputy Einsatzstaffel Apfeldorf (operation echelon apple village). '''Both personalities made this official career jump under Tamiš in 1939'''.</ref>


In time period after World War II the village was settled with families that originated from all parts of Yugoslavia. Most of the settlers were from Macedonia, many of them originating from [[Kriva Palanka Municipality]]. In 1948, the majority of inhabitants were Macedonians (2,806 or 63.88%).<ref>Savezni zavod za statistiku, Konačni rezultati popisa stanovništva od 15 Marta 1948 godine, Knjiga IX, Belgrade 1954, p. 338.</ref>
In time period after World War II the village was settled with families that originated from all parts of Yugoslavia. Most of the settlers were from Macedonia, many of them originating from [[Kriva Palanka Municipality]]. In 1948, the majority of inhabitants were Macedonians (2,806 or 63.88%).<ref>Savezni zavod za statistiku, Konačni rezultati popisa stanovništva od 15 Marta 1948 godine, Knjiga IX, Belgrade 1954, p. 338.</ref>

Revision as of 13:36, 30 June 2019

For other uses, see Jabuka, Pančevo (disambiguation).

Jabuka
Јабука
Village
Coat of arms of Jabuka
Coat of arms
Jabuka is located in Serbia
Jabuka
Jabuka
Location of Jabuka within Serbia
Coordinates: 44°56′35″N 20°35′35″E / 44.94306°N 20.59306°E / 44.94306; 20.59306
CountrySerbia
ProvinceVojvodina
DistrictSouth Banat
Elevation
79 m (259 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Jabuka6,181
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
26201
Area code+381(0)13
Car platesPA

Jabuka (Macedonian: Јабука) is a village situated in the Pančevo municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province, Serbia. The village numbers 6,181 people (census 2011) and has the largest ethnic Macedonian population in Serbia by percentage.

Name

School Gotse Delchev, built 1912

Serbian and Macedonian place names mean apple, Hungarian name (official name Torontálalmás from 1898 to 1918) meant apple of Torontál, and German name (official name Apfeldorf from March 1943 to September 1944) meant apple village. A legend tells about Serbian fishermen who settled near an apple tree, and it was published in printed edition for first time in 1912 with no time specification. There is no deed or other written evidence of founding by first settlers.[1][2]

Geography

Jabuka is located on flat and fertile plain nearby Tamiš river at 44°56′35″N 20°35′35″E / 44.94306°N 20.59306°E / 44.94306; 20.59306, approximately 11 km NW of Pančevo and 27 km NE of Pančevo bridge to Belgrade.

History

In 1928, locals found fragments of Sarmatian ceramics (Migration period) on fields near the road to Glogonj during agricultural work. This was first reported in a Yugoslav publication in 1932.

End of 1970's, scientific staff of Archaeological Institute Belgrade carried out extensive excavations on communal area. The scientists found objects and tracks of temporary settlement of Neolithic (Vinča and Starčevo cultures), Chalcolithic (Baden culture) and Iron periods.[3]

The communal area was part of Temeşvar Eyalet in Ottoman Empire since 1552, after the Treaty of Požarevac part of Habsburg's Banat, since 1765 of military frontier (Austrian Empire) and then it belonged to Torontál county of Austria-Hungary. After World War I was that area part of provisional Torontalsko-tamiške županja (Treaty of Trianon), in 1922 of Belgrade oblast and since 1929 of Danubian Banovina in Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In time after World War II its belonged to Srez Pančevo of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The communal area of Jabuka was part of administrative region of Pančevo municipality from all these centuries to the present.

Demographic history

Municipal Office, built 1901; Postcard from 1902

In December 1764, military commission of Viennese Hofkriegsrat registered 88 Raitzen people (Austrian German: Serbs) who lived in 69 more or less habitable houses, and in following years Germans settled in entire region, organized by Habsburg administration.[4]

In 1858, parson Silvester Jablonsky wrote into history book of Catholic parish community: glorious appearance of sky was visible during most of summer time.[5][6]

Austrian-Hungarian census of 1880 was not based on nationalities or ethnicities, but on significant language of each inhabitant only; of the total 3005 inhabitants, 117 spoke Hungarian, 2335 German, 364 Slovakian, 36 Croatian or Serbian, 7 other domestic languages (egyéb hazai nyelvü), 7 in foreign language (külföldi nyelvü), and 139 did not pronounce any language priority during census questioning (beszélni nem tudó: not talking).[7]


In 1921, population of village numbered 3,265 inhabitants, including 2,819 Germans, 348 Romanians, 73 Hungarians, 20 Serbs or Croats, 2 Slovenes, 2 Russians and 1 Englishman.[8]

Katharina Richardt (1905–1940, Tuberculosis) was young domestic worker in household of honorable Jakov Avramović family from January 1921 to October 1925 in Belgrade.

On 27 October 1927, Stephan Scharinger (caretaker at school) was found hanged in his quarter (neighboring house of residential building Kostolany-Rupić). Some villagers spread arbitrary suspicion imputed to him sexual abuse of his daughter, and further on, these people (heads of German gang: Joseph Speidel and Müller brothers; Waterboarding with bucket in backyard) harassed and scorned Maria Scharinger (Serbian: марија Шарингер, 7 April 1906 – 1953, Požarevac) and threatened at least whole Aleksandr Janković family she lived with and protected her. Young lady was subconscious danger for specific German villagers and their families reputations in political matter, so on Janković family including her had to emigrate from village in 1938 because of increasing discrimination. Young woman had relationship to one guy of Müller dynasty, and once upon a time, she was deliberately made drunk, could not resist with all his strength and became pregnant in 1926 (Raped by Thomas Müller), her illegitimate child grew up as adopted child (born on 15 January 1927; Christian name: Anna; surname of adoptive parents: Kostolany; Ana Rupić) in the village. Nevertheless, her brother Friedrich became local captain of Banater Staatswache in May 1941. [9][10][11]

In 1944, one part of German population left from the region, together with defeated German army. The remaining Germans of the village were sent to local imprisonments which existed until 1948. After prison camps were dissolved, many of German population left Yugoslavia because of economic families reasons.[12]

In time period after World War II the village was settled with families that originated from all parts of Yugoslavia. Most of the settlers were from Macedonia, many of them originating from Kriva Palanka Municipality. In 1948, the majority of inhabitants were Macedonians (2,806 or 63.88%).[13]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
19484,392—    
19816,453+46.9%
20026,312−2.2%

Topographic history

National Archives of Austria, Map of the Josephinian Land Survey (1769–1772)

On 9 May 1768, Joseph II wrote an impression of the structural condition of the village during his inspection of the new part of southern military frontier into his diary: Jabuka is worst of all villages. At the instigation of Viennese Hofkriegsrat and after approval of the financing by Viennese Hofkammer the village was new created and built up until 1774. There is a historical plan of the new village which is kept at the Austrian National Archives. At the beginning of the 19th century, cotton was planted on a trial basis in the northern Jabuka area but it was stopped because of long-term profitability reasons. In 1808, Archduke Ludwig opened a fruit plant nursery which existed until 1873. There is an impression of the old village and the plant nursery (German Obstgarten Plantage) which is recorded on the map of the Franciscan land survey from the early 19th century at the National Archives of Austria. In 1905, cadastral maps of the village were recorded which are kept at the National Archives of Hungary. In 1910, the village consisted of 675 buildings, 478 made of stones or bricks, 147 made of air dried bricks or clay with stone or brick foundation and 50 made of timber or other materials. 627 buildings had roofs made of tiles, slate or sheet metal and 48 made of thatched reeds or straw.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]

Serbian-Orthodox Church Saint Elijah

From 1959 to 1960, the old Roman Catholic Church was demolished due to dilapidated and damp foundations. A part of the dry bricks was used for construction and renovation of new and old houses of the village. The Church was built from 1773 to 1774 in neoclassical stile and renovated gradually and partially from 1829 to 1833, and its deed, dated 14 November 1833, was sealed in a niche behind altar during consecration ceremony, and original deed of foundation stone laid, dated 1 July, was situated on the ground in front of altar. After demolition of last remains of foundation walls, both historical deeds were handed over by governmental authorities to Historical Archive Pančevo, deed of 1833 is located in Speyer. The church was dedicated to Saint Leopold and stood on the place on which the modern school extension including sports hall is now, opened in school year 1961/62.

In 1901, the small Orthodox church was built (consecration deed, dated 4 June). Before completion of the church, the Orthodox residents (369 Vlachs and 13 Serbs in 1890) had to go to the churches of the competent parish communities in Sefkerin or Pančevo. The Church is dedicated to Saint Demetrius.

In 2011, the construction of the big Orthodox Church started, which was mostly financed by donations, and its consecration was celebrated on 14 August 2014. The church is dedicated to Saint Elijah. The new sacral building of the village is opposite the primary school Gotse Delchev in the center of the village. In 2012, new oval-shaped cemetery hall (mortuary) was completed, supported by German donations (descendants from village; after their visit in 2006).[22][23][24][25]

Culture

Given that Jabuka was mostly populated with Macedonians, much of cultural life of the village reflects Macedonians cultural traditions. In 1961, cultural center Kočo Racin was founded in the village. Each year Ilinden is celebrated. Since 2008, festival Tavče Gravče has been also celebrated in the village.[26]

In 2001, local Romani people have formed the association Crni Biseri (Black Pearls).[27]

In 2007, some residents founded the cultural and artistic society KUD Vasil Hadžimanov.[28]

Economy

The main occupation of the people is in agriculture, as with many other Local Facilities.

Stratište Memorial

It was a place which lies behind a former dam that was built between 1928 and 1934 by French company Société de Construction des Batignolles. Stratište (Serbian Cyrillic Стратиште) means place of scaffold, and paraphrases selected area of floodplains for executions by shooting. Political prisoners of National Socialism and Communism have been killed on this location during World War II in Yugoslavia. Special commands of regional operation echelon Deutsche Mannschaft Hermann Göring (supreme commander Georg Jörgl Berger; father of Angela Merkel; born in 1944) and Banater Staatswache killed 277 Serbian Jews of Pantschowa from June to September 1941 and Wehrmacht about up to 2,800 Serbian Jews and Romani people (Zigeuner) from October to November 1941. In report from November 1941, signed by German officer (Frank-Walter Steinmeier's father), armed positions were mentioned strikingly against alleged danger by Serbian gangs (Partisans). However, it is fact that this region was no combat area at that time. These victims, who had to dig own graves first, did not fit into ideological view of German (race hygiene and eugenics).

Members of regional paramilitary formation Deutsche Mannschaft killed prisoners from Bor during overnight stay at Volksdeutsche tailoring in Pančevo, 53 during the stay under open sky in the night from 29 to 30 September 1944. 146 prisoners were brutally caught after panic-stricken and hopeless escape attempt on 30 September. Special force of Yugoslav Partisans killed 36 German prisoners (selection of 53 people, symbolic selected and decided by Angel Metaphor Rupić) from Jabuka and 72 Yugoslav prisoners in October and November 1944. 34 of 36 German prisoners were young Second-rate officials of the local national socialist organization of Danube Swabians and the First-rate officials were Franz Mayer (deputy of escaped Ortsgruppenführer Anton Fuchs) and Anton Müller (deputy and brother of escaped DJ-Ortsgruppenführer Franz). One of 34 Second-rate officials volunteered for the execution. She thus protected her best girl friend Christine Mergel (second DMB Führerin), who was to be shot as an alternate for Merg(k)el clan, Franziska Nedwetzky, third DMB Führerin, only one daughter of her same named mother. These people had to kneel down, bend their heads to the ground until they reached the earth, then the death sentence was executed with a shot in the neck (cervical spine). The responsible Yugoslav captain of Special command for 108 people (and 101; Glogonj and Opovo) was Svetozar Svetko Rupić (born 21 June 1926 in Čačak), and Aleksandr Saša Pavlović (grandfather of current mayor of the City of Pančevo) his corporal; one of several members of these Special Force was father of Zlatoje Martinov(ić), successfully escaped prisoner from Bor. In some books are higher total numbers mentioned, but in the case of the five, ten to twelve thousand victims stated, there are no cited documents published that they were Communist victims. First memorial was erected in 1948, white pedestal with white standing obelisk on it, red star on the front, which does no more exist, and there is memorial, drafted by Nebojša Delja, which has been built in 1980, 4 km away from the village.[29][30][31][32][33]

Literature

Literature containing honorable symbolic metaphors on village's history under consideration of political conditions; both editions are identical in content:

  • Simo Mladenovski, Banatskoto selo Jabuka, Skopje 1986.
  • Симо Младеновски, Банатско село Јабука, Скопје 1989.

Sports

There is soccer team named OFK Jugoslavija, and its club colors are blue and white.

Articles

References

  1. ^ Samu Borovszky (Samuel Borovszky), Magyarország vármegyéi és városai. Torontal vármegye, Budapest 1912, p. 124.
  2. ^ Akiko Shimizu, Die deutsche Okkupation des serbischen Banats 1941-1944 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der deutschen Volksgruppe in Jugoslawien. Regensburger Schriften aus Philosophie, Politik, Gesellschaft und Geschichte., LIT Munich, Dissertation at University of Regensburg.
  3. ^ Simo Mladenovski, Banatsko selo Jabuka, Skopje 1989, p. 19-24.
  4. ^ Erik Roth, Die planmäßig angelegten Siedlungen im Deutsch-Banater Militärgrenzbezirk 1765-1821, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-486-54741-0, p. 347.
  5. ^ Historia Domus (History Of Parish), Original at Archive in Zrenjanin.
  6. ^ Schematismus Cleri Dioecesis Csanádiensis, Temesvar 1858, p. 126 (Catholic Parish of Jabuka), Online edition by National Library of Austria.
  7. ^ Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882), page 306.
  8. ^ Opšta državna statistika, Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovništva od 31 januara 1921 godine, Sarajevo 1932, p.354-355.
  9. ^ Friedrich Scharinger (19 March 1903, Jabuka – 30 December 1971, Eisenstadt; military service in Royal Army (Prekmurje, 1924), member of Banater Staatswache since May 1941 and SS Freiwilligen Gebirgsjäger Division „Prinz Eugen” (horse keeper under supreme command of Zugführer Johannes Swoboda; from April 1942 to January 1945 (desertion; voluntary captivity on 29 April 1945 in Gáborjánháza; NKWD-POW camp No. 428, Moscow oblast). Magistrat of the City of Eisenstadt. Theresia Richardt (Serbian: Rihart) (7 November 1909, Jabuka, Austria-Hungary – 27 July 1993, Vienna, Austria).
  10. ^ Barbara Scharinger (8 July 1937 – 3 April 2011).
  11. ^ Ana Rupić, 15 January 1927 – 1 July 2014.
  12. ^ Stefan Metha, Zaus ontr Themesch (At Home Under Tamiš, 1100 gesammelte Wörter unserer Mundart, Chroma, Römerberg 1990. Joseph Speidel, Mannschaftsführer of Einsatzstaffel Apfeldorf. Stefan Metha, Deputy Einsatzstaffel Apfeldorf (operation echelon apple village). Both personalities made this official career jump under Tamiš in 1939.
  13. ^ Savezni zavod za statistiku, Konačni rezultati popisa stanovništva od 15 Marta 1948 godine, Knjiga IX, Belgrade 1954, p. 338.
  14. ^ Felix Milleker, Geschichte der Banater Militärgrenze 1764-1873, Wittigschlager Pančevo 1925, p. 49.
  15. ^ Map of Jabuka in 1774, Plan G I h 3 of the Maps and Plan Collection by National Archives of Austria and the Institute of Military History Budapest on the Website of Hungarian Cultural Heritage Portal, retrieved on 2018-02-20.
  16. ^ Vaterländische Blätter für den österreichischen Kaiserstaat, Volume 1, Vienna 1810, p. 191 on Google Books.
  17. ^ Carl Bernhard von Hietzinger, Statistik der Militärgrenze, Volume 2, Vienna 1820, page 92 on Google Books.
  18. ^ Franz Vaníček, Specialgeschichte der Militärgrenze, Volume 4, Vienna 1875, p. 280 on Google Books.
  19. ^ Historical Map of Franciscan Land Survey (1806-1869), Retrieved on 2018-01-03.
  20. ^ Cadastre maps Jabuka (Hungarian Almás), Retrieved on 2018-01-03.
  21. ^ Magyar Király Központi Statisztikai Hivatal, A magyar szent korona országainak 1910. évi népszámlálása, Budapest 1912, Volume 42, p. 369 on the Website of Hungarian Cultural Heritage Portal, retrieved on 2018-01-09.
  22. ^ Official Website of Osnovna škola Jabuka, retrieved on 2017-12-25.
  23. ^ Magyar Király Statisztikai Hivatal, A magyar korona országainak helységnévtára, Budapest 1892, p. 606 (369 Vlachs and 13 Serbs) on the Website of Hungarian Cultural Heritage Portal, retrieved on 2018-01-08.
  24. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie für 1877, Vienna 1877, p. 828 on Google Books.
  25. ^ Report on the consecration by RTV Pančevo on YouTube, retrieved on 2017-12-25.
  26. ^ Македонска куќа за македонците во Јабука - Панчево, Macedonian House for Macedonians in Jabuka article of Makedonska nacija.
  27. ^ Austrian newspaper Der Standard, In Memoriam Rihart Rupić (born 14 November 1978 – 2010), saved the life of his one year younger sister; illegitime child of Milan Todorović.
  28. ^ KUD Vasil Hadžimanov, Example.
  29. ^ Walter Manoschek, „Serbien ist judenfrei" - Militärische Besatzungspolitik und Judenvernichtung in Serbien 1941/42, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-486-55974-5, p. 91 and 99, including footnotes), 98-101.
  30. ^ Report on shootings in Pancevo of 4 November 1941 (German; Wayback Machine), accepted and reproduced online by Jürgen Langowski, living in (Wetter. Original document in Belgrade.
  31. ^ Tomislav Beker and Biljana Regoje, Pančevački i južnobanatski Jevreji u holokaustu, Šalom Tora, Pančevo 2012, ISBN 978-86-916511-0-7.
  32. ^ Kako su komunisti streljali 72 pilota, Blic (Wayback Machine), retrieved 2017-01-02.
  33. ^ Akiko Shimizu, Die deutsche Okkupation des serbischen Banats 1941-1944 unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der deutschen Volksgruppe in Jugoslawien. Regensburger Schriften aus Philosophie, Politik, Gesellschaft und Geschichte. Randolph L. Braham, The Politics of Genocide. The Holocaust in Hungary. Volume 1, Columbia University Press, New York City 1981, ISBN 0-231-05208-1, p. 335-359. Interview for his research with Josef Žsivaj (pseudonym of Iosif Clivaj; Guardian at Svilara), brother of the second husband Heinrich Čivaj of Theresia Richardt (7 November 1909, Jabuka, Serbia – 27 July 1993, Vienna, Austria). Daniel Blatman, Die Todesmärsche 1944/45: Das letzte Kapitel des nationalsozialistischen Massenmords, Rowohlt, Reinbek 2012, ISBN 978-3-644-01911-9, p. 110, based on interpretation by Randolph L. Braham. Serbien und Montenegro. Raum und Bevölkerung, Geschichte, Sprache und Literatur, Kultur, Politik, Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft, Recht, Vienna and Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9539-4, p. 276. Milan Todorović, Ladislav Feldeši: Stratište kod Pančeva: grobnica deset hiljada rodoljuba, Istorijski Arhiv, Pančevo 1985. Christine Mergel, Josef Jerger (several confused phone talks to Richard Saringer; partially confirmed but set both reports straight according to truth by Ana Rupić (Visit from 2002), Stefan Metha and Mathias Ulrich (visited twice by Richard Saringer), Heimatbuch der Ortsgemeinde Jabuka Torontalalmas Apfeldorf, Ludwigshafen 1990, p. 319 and 381. Christine Mergel, Josef Jerger, Stefan Metha and Mathias Ulrich, Bildband der Ortsgemeinde Jabuka Torontalalmas Apfeldorf, Ludwigshafen 1992, p. 314. Lajčo Klajn: The Past in Present Times. The Yugoslav Saga, University Press of America, Lanham 2007, ISBN 978-0-7618-3647-6, page 87. retrieved 2017-01-02. Simo Mladenovski, Banatskoto selo Jabuka, Skopje 1986, p. 60-66. Симо Младеновски, Банатско село Јабука, Скопје 1989. Ljubiša Ivanovski, Jabuka kroz vekove, Qubesoft, Pančevo 2011 ISBN 978-86-87881-04-4. Nebojša Tomašević, Treasures of Yugoslavia: An encyclopedic touring guide, Yugoslaviapublic, Belgrade 1982, p. 429. In Memoriam:Nebojša Delja. Thomas Müller (FC Bayern München) promotes German apples, REWE. Ortssippenbuch Jabuka – Apfeldorf (edited by E. and M. Adelhardt), Karlsruhe.

Weblinks

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