Jump to content

China General Nuclear Power Group

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by FacetsOfNonStickPans (talk | contribs) at 07:37, 3 July 2020 (→Nuclear espionage: linking National Intelligence Law). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Not to be confused with China National Nuclear Corporation, the other major Chinese nuclear power company
China General Nuclear Power Group
Native name
中国广核集团
Company typeState-owned enterprise
IndustryEnergy
PredecessorChina Guangdong Nuclear Power Group
FoundedSeptember 1994
HeadquartersShenzhen, Guangdong, China
Area served
Mainland China
Malaysia
Key people
He Yu (Chairman of the Board), Zhang Shanming (President) [1]
ServicesNuclear power, wind power, solar power, hydropower[2]
OwnerSASAC
Hengjian Holding (10%)
Website[1]

China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN) (Chinese: 中国广核集团), formerly China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group (Chinese: 中国广东核电集团), is a major state-owned energy corporation[3] under the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

In China, CGN operates nuclear plants at Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, Ling Ao Nuclear Power Plant, Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant and Ningde Nuclear Power Plant, with five new nuclear power stations under construction and another two planned.[3] CGN operates in other emerging energy industries like wind energy and solar energy, as well as more traditional industries like hydroelectricity. As of 2014 CGN operates power generation plant of the following capacities: nuclear 8.3 GW, wind 4.7 GW, hydro 4.0 GW and solar 600 MW.[3]

CGN has been sanctioned by the United States for attempting to acquire advanced U.S. nuclear technology to divert to military uses in China.[4][5] CGN's proposals to operate two nuclear plants in the UK have received criticism from MPs as a potential threat to national security[6][7] and as a result of China's human rights record.

History

China Guangdong Nuclear Power Holding Co., Ltd. (CGNPC) was established in September 1994 with a registered capital of RMB 10.2 billion with nuclear power as its core business. With CGNPC as its core enterprise, China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group (CGNPG) comprises more than twenty wholly owned or controlling subsidiaries.

In April 2009, a fund run by China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group signed a deal raising US$1.03 billion for nuclear and related energy projects. Guangdong Nuclear's fund, the first industrial fund set up by a state-owned enterprise with approval from the State Council signed the fund-raising agreement with Bank of China, China Development Bank and other institutions, which will become shareholders in the fund. The financing is the first of two phases for the fund, which plans to raise a total of 10 billion yuan.[8]

In May 2013, the organization changed its name to China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN) to signify that its operations extend beyond Guangdong province.[9]

In December 2014, CGN raised $3 billion by an initial public offering (IPO) in Hong Kong.[10][11]

In December 2014, the firm announced it was acquiring three wind farms in the UK with a combined capacity of 73 megawatts from British energy company EDF Energy for a fee estimated to be in the region of £100 million.[12]

In November 2015, the company and its subsidiaries agreed to acquire 1Malaysia Development Berhad's energy assets, worth around $2.3 billion.[13] The transaction was part of the wider 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal which resulted in billions of dollars being stolen from the Government of Malaysia and the arrest of Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak for corruption and fraud[14]

Nuclear espionage

In 2016, the US Justice Department charged CGN with stealing nuclear secrets from the United States.[15][16][17] The Guardian reported: "According to the US Department of Justice, the FBI has discovered evidence that China General Nuclear Power (CGN) has been engaged in a conspiracy to steal US nuclear secrets stretching back almost two decades. Both CGN and one of the corporation’s senior advisers, Szuhsiung Ho, have been charged with conspiring to help the Chinese government develop nuclear material in a manner that is in clear breach of US law."[18]

In August 2019, the U.S. Department of Commerce added CGN to its "entity list", barring U.S. companies from selling products to CGN. In its reasoning, the United States Department of Commerce explained that CGN attempted to acquire advanced U.S. nuclear technology to divert to military uses in China".[4][19] Under China's 2017 National Intelligence Law, Chinese citizens and organisations are require to cooperate with Chinese state intelligence organisations.[20] The Chinese state-owned China Daily claimed, without evidence, that "The real aim is to try to thwart the country’s 'Made in China 2025' and was part of the US-China trade war".[21]

Technology import and development

CGN's first nuclear station uses reactors designed and built by the French National Company, Framatome. Then it developed an improved PWR (pressurized water reactor) called CPR-1000[22] based on the French type. CPR-1000 is a fully Chinese designed and constructed reactor type which takes a large proportion in all the reactors being built in China. This has been developed into the Generation III Hualong One design.[23]

In February 2007, CGN signed a contract with Areva to build Taishan nuclear station with Areva's EPR, and the Xianning nuclear station will use Westinghouse Electric Company's AP1000. These two events makes this company among the first to build a nuclear station with generation III+ reactors.

Nuclear stations

Operating stations:

  1. Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant,
  2. Ling Ao Nuclear Power Plant,
  3. Ningde Nuclear Power Plant phase I,
  4. Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant phase I,
  5. Yangjiang Nuclear Power Station,
  6. Taishan Nuclear Power Plant,

Under construction: Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant phase II,[24] Ningde Nuclear Power Plant phase II,

Planned: Lufeng Nuclear Power Plant,[25] Xianning Nuclear Power Plant (entering early construction),[26] Wuhu Nuclear Power Plant[27] and Jiangsu's Second Nuclear Power Project[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Leaders CGN". China General Nuclear Power. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  2. ^ "About CGN". China General Nuclear Power. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2015.
  3. ^ a b c CGN (27 January 2014). "Development and Achievement of CGN". UK Trade & Industry (Market Briefing). pp. 27–62. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  4. ^ a b "Four China Nuclear Industry Companies Added to "Entity List"". Pillsbury Law.
  5. ^ Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (2020-06-24). "Defense Department produces list of Chinese military-linked companies, 20 years after mandate". Axios. Retrieved 2020-06-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ Cook, James (August 15, 2019). "Questions raised over China's involvement in Hinkley Point after US trade blacklist". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on April 28, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2020 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  7. ^ Wood, Vincent. "Spy warning on Chinese nuclear company". Archived from the original on 2019-05-25. Retrieved 2019-05-24 – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
  8. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-10-20. Retrieved 2009-08-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "China's largest nuclear power firm renamed". China Daily. Xinhua. 15 May 2013. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  10. ^ "Promethean perils - After a hiatus, nuclear power is set for a revival in China". The Economist. 6 December 2014. Archived from the original on 5 April 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  11. ^ Miguel Martin (15 December 2014). "CGN Power raises billion in IPO". IPPjournal. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  12. ^ "China's CGN to buy three small UK wind farms from EDF" (Press release). Reuters. 15 December 2014. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
  13. ^ "Malaysia's 1MDB sells power assets to China firm for $2.3 billion". Reuters. 23 November 2015. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
  14. ^ Sherwell, Philip. "1MDB: 'World's biggest financial scandal'". Archived from the original on 2019-12-21. Retrieved 2020-04-13 – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
  15. ^ "U.S. tightens controls on China imports of nuclear components". Reuters. 11 October 2018. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  16. ^ "Spy warning on Chinese nuclear company". The Week. 25 October 2018. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  17. ^ Schweizer, Peter (11 May 2019). "The troubling reason why Biden is so soft on China". New York Post. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  18. ^ "Hinkley Point C: case against Chinese firm has the feel of a modern spy thriller". The Guardian. 11 August 2016. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  19. ^ "US adds China's biggest nuclear company to 'entity list'". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 2020-04-13. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  20. ^ "China's pursuit of advanced dual-use technologies". IISS. Archived from the original on 2020-05-12. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  21. ^ Shao, Grace (16 August 2019). "Beijing says US blacklisting China's largest nuclear power firm is 'just an excuse'". CNBC News. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
  22. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-03-31. Retrieved 2010-05-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ^ "China's progress continues". Nuclear Engineering International. 11 August 2015. Archived from the original on 26 September 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
  24. ^ Hongyanhe 1 enters commercial operation Archived 2014-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. World Nuclear News (07 June 2013). Retrieved 19 May 2014
  25. ^ Agreement for building Lufeng AP1000s Archived 2014-06-13 at the Wayback Machine. World Nuclear News (30 September 2013). Retrieved 19 May 2014
  26. ^ Nuclear power plants mulled in Hubei Archived 2014-05-19 at the Wayback Machine. China Daily. (06 April 2009). Xinhua. Retrieved 19 May 2014
  27. ^ Wuhu Nuclear Power Company issued Wuhu NPP environmental impact report Nuclear Power News. (12 January 2010) Dynabond Powertech Serevice. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  28. ^ Nexans awarded 9 million Euro cable contract for China’s Tianwan nuclear power plant Archived 2014-05-19 at the Wayback Machine. Nexans (26 September 2013, Paris). Retrieved 19 May 2014
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_General_Nuclear_Power_Group&oldid=965759033"