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A1(M) motorway

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The four sections of the A1(M) highlighted against the other UK motorways
Looking northwards at Washington Services as the A1(M) approaches Junction 65

A1(M) is the designation given to a series of four separate motorway sections in England. Each section is an upgrade to a section of the A1, a major North-South road, which connects London, the capital of England, with Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The first section, the Doncaster Bypass, opened in 1961 and is one of the oldest sections of motorway in Britain.[1] Construction of a new section of A1(M) between Leeming and Barton was completed on 29 March 2018, a year later than the anticipated opening in 2017 due to extensive archaeological excavations. Its completion linked the Barton to Washington section with the Darrington to Leeming Bar section, forming the longest A1(M) section overall and reducing the number of sections from five to four.

There has been a proposal to renumber the section of A1(M) to M1 between Micklefield to Washington, making this section a northern extension of the M1.[2]

Overview

Most of the English section of the A1 is a series of alternating sections of primary route, dual carriageway and motorway. From Newcastle upon Tyne to Edinburgh it is a trunk road with alternating sections of dual and single carriageway. The table below summarises the road as motorway and non-motorway sections.[3] Most of the non-motorway sections do not have junction numbers, with the exception of the Newcastle Western Bypass which continues the junction numbering of the A1(M).

Road name Junctions Length Ceremonial counties Primary destinations
miles km
A1 16.58 26.68 London
Hertfordshire 		London
Edgware,
Barnet, Borehamwood
A1(M) 1–10 24.14 38.84 Hertfordshire Hertford
Stevenage
A1 26.25 42.24 Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire
Cambridgeshire 		Bedford,
Cambridge,
Huntingdon
A1(M) 13–17 12.84 20.66 Cambridgeshire Peterborough
A1 72.99 117.44 Cambridgeshire, Rutland
Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire 		Stamford, Grantham
Newark on Trent
A1(M) 34–38 15.13 24.34 South Yorkshire Worksop, Blyth, Doncaster,
Rotherham, Barnsley
A1 7.51 12.08 South Yorkshire
West Yorkshire 		Pontefract, Castleford,
Wakefield
A1(M) 40–65 93.27 150.10 West Yorkshire
North Yorkshire
County Durham
Tyne and Wear 		Selby, Leeds, York, Wetherby, Harrogate,
Thirsk, Ripon, Catterick, Richmond, Scotch Corner,
Darlington, Teesside, Bishop Auckland, Durham,
Chester-le-Street, Stanley, Beamish,
Birtley, Washington (Sunderland), Gateshead
A1 65-80
(Newcastle Western Bypass only) 		128.29 206.42 Tyne and Wear, Northumberland, Berwickshire
East Lothian, Edinburgh 		Gateshead, Blaydon, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Cramlington,
Morpeth, Alnwick, Belford, Lindisfarne, Berwick-upon-Tweed,
Eyemouth, Dunbar, Haddington,
Tranent, Prestonpans, Musselburgh, Edinburgh
397.00 638.78

From London to Sunderland, 123.33 miles of the route are non-motorway while the remaining 145.38 miles are to motorway standards.

The motorway sections are discussed below.

South Mimms to Stotfold

A1(M) shield
A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length24 mi (39 km)
Existed1962–present
HistoryConstructed 1962–1986
Major junctions
FromSouth Mimms
Major intersections
J1 → M25 motorway
ToStotfold
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Primary
destinations		Hatfield, Welwyn Garden City, Stevenage, Hitchin, Letchworth
Road network
The northern portal of the Hatfield Tunnel

This section opened in stages:

  • Junctions 1 to 2 opened in 1979
  • Junctions 2 to 4 opened in 1986
  • Junctions 4 to 6 opened in 1973
  • Junctions 6 to 8 opened in 1962
  • Junctions 8 to 10 opened in 1967

Junctions

A1(M) motorway junctions
km Southbound exits (B carriageway) Junction Northbound exits (A carriageway)
Road continues as A1 to Central London J1
Services 		Stansted Airport interchange, Dartford Crossing (M11, M20)
Heathrow, Gatwick Airport interchange (M1, M40, M4, M3, M23) M25
Barnet A1081
Non-motorway traffic
South Mimms services
Stansted Airport interchange, Dartford Crossing (M11, M20)
Heathrow, Gatwick Airport interchange (M1, M40, M4, M3, M23) M25
Barnet A1081
South Mimms services 		Start of motorway
No access (on-ramp only) J2 Hatfield A1001
St Albans A414
Potters Bar A1001 		J3 St Albans A414
Hatfield Tunnel Tunnel Hatfield Tunnel
Hertford A414, Welwyn Garden City A6129, Hatfield A1001 J4 Hertford A414, Welwyn Garden City A6129
No access J5 No access (on-ramp only)
Welwyn, Welwyn Garden City A1000 J6 Welwyn, Welwyn Garden City A1000
Stevenage, Ware A602 J7 Stevenage, Ware A602
Stevenage A602 J8 Hitchin, Stevenage A602
Letchworth, Baldock, Hitchin A505 J9 Letchworth, Baldock A505
Start of motorway J10
Services 		Stotfold, Henlow A507
Baldock services
Stotfold, Henlow A507
Non-motorway traffic
Baldock services 		Road continues as A1 to Sandy

Alconbury to Peterborough

A1(M) shield
A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length13 mi (21 km)
Existed1998–present
Major junctions
FromAlconbury
ToOrton Southgate
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Primary
destinations		Peterborough
Road network
A1(M) southbound at Sawtry.

This section which runs though the Cambridgeshire countryside between Alconbury and Peterborough first opened in 1998 and was officially opened by Lord Whitty on 31 October and is the most isolated of the motorway sections as it connects with no other motorway and is designed to a noticeably high standard, eight miles of it being four lanes from Junction 14 at Alconbury to Junction 16 at Norman Cross in each direction whilst the remainder has three lanes in each direction. It is managed by Road Management Services (Peterborough) Ltd under a DBFO contract with the Highways Agency.[4]

Junctions

A1(M) motorway junctions
km Southbound exits (B carriageway) Junction Northbound exits (A carriageway)
Road continues as A1 to Sandy J14 Alconbury B1043
Non-motorway traffic
Alconbury, Huntingdon, Cambridge, Felixstowe A14
London The City and East (M11) 		Start of motorway
Sawtry B1043 J15 Sawtry B1043
Yaxley, Stilton A15 J16 Yaxley, Stilton A15
Start of motorway J17
Services 		Peterborough A1139
Peterborough services
Peterborough A1139
Non-motorway traffic
Peterborough services 		Road continues as A1 to Newark

Doncaster By-Pass (Blyth to Skellow)

A1(M) shield
A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length15.2 mi (24.5 km)
Existed1961–present
Major junctions
FromBlyth
Major intersections
J35 → M18 motorway
ToRed House, near Skellow
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Primary
destinations		Doncaster, Wakefield, Rotherham, Barnsley
Road network

This fifteen mile section which runs from Skellow in South Yorkshire to Blyth in the far north of Nottinghamshire first opened in 1961 and was one of the very first sections of motorway to be built in Britain; it is entirely two lanes in each direction.

Junctions

Data from driver location signs are used to provide distance and carriageway identifier information.[5]

A1(M) motorway junctions
km Southbound exits (B carriageway) Junction Northbound exits (A carriageway)
0.0 Road continues as A1 to Newark J34
Services 		Bawtry A614
Blyth B6045
Non-motorway traffic
Blyth services
Bawtry A614
Blyth B6045
Blyth services 		Start of motorway
12.0 Sheffield, Rotherham, Hull, Scunthorpe, Robin Hood Airport interchange M18 J35 Sheffield, Rotherham, Hull, Scunthorpe, Robin Hood Airport interchange M18
14.9 Doncaster, Doncaster International Railport, Conisbrough A630 J36 Doncaster, Doncaster International Railport, Conisbrough A630
20.3 Barnsley, Thurnscoe A635 J37 Barnsley, Thurnscoe A635
24.4 Start of motorway J38 South Elmsall, Ackworth, Wakefield A638
South Elmsall, Ackworth, Wakefield A638
Non-motorway traffic 		Road continues as A1 to Darrington

Darrington to Washington

A1(M) shield
A1(M)
Route information
Part of E15
Length98.6 mi (158.7 km)
Existed1965–present
HistoryConstructed 1965–2018
Major junctions
FromDarrington
Major intersections
J41 → M62 motorway

J43 → M1 motorway

J57 → A66(M) motorway

J65 → A194(M) motorway
ToBirtley
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Primary
destinations		Wetherby, Knaresborough, Ripon, Catterick, Scotch Corner, Darlington, Newton Aycliffe, Durham, Houghton le Spring, Chester-le-Street, Washington Road network
Road network
Wetherby Services on the A1(M).

This section opened in sections:

  • Walshford to 49 opened in 1995
  • Junctions 43 to 44 opened in 1999
When this section opened it ended at a temporary terminus south of the M1. There was a final exit into Micklefield Village for non-motorway traffic onto what is now the access road. During the first week of June 2009, Junctions 44 and 45 were renumbered to 43 and 44. At the same time the existing A1/A659 Grange Moor junction became A1(M) Junction 45.[6] As a result many atlases show incorrect junction numbering for this stretch of motorway.
  • Junction 46 to temporary junction at Walshford opened in 2005[7]
  • Junction 40 to south of 43 opened in 2005 & 2006
The northern section of the upgrade, bypassing Fairburn village, opened to traffic in April 2005 with a temporary connection with the existing A1 between Fairburn and Brotherton. The southern section, with a free-flow interchange with the M62 motorway, opened to traffic on 13 January 2006.
  • Junctions 44 to 46 opened in 2009[8]
  • Junctions 49 to 51 opened in 2011 & 2012
Work began in March 2009 to upgrade the Dishforth to Leeming section to dual 3-lane motorway standard with existing connections being replaced by two new junctions. The Dishforth to Baldersby Section (J49 to J50) was completed in October 2011[9] and the Baldersby to Leeming section (J50 to J51) was opened to traffic on 31 March 2012.
  • Junctions 51 to 56 opened in 2017 & 2018 - there are no junctions 54 and 55
Work on upgrading the Leeming Bar to Barton section to three-lane motorway began in April 2014. Work was expected to be completed by summer 2017.[10] In early 2017, the Highways Agency announced that the full opening would be delayed until December 2017.[11] In the end, the motorway opened up on 29 March 2018, making the A1 continuous motorway standard from Darrington, West Yorkshire, to Washington, Tyne and Wear, though residual works were still to be completed.[12]
  • Junctions 56 to 59 opened in 1965
  • Junctions 59 to 63 opened in 1969
  • Junctions 63 to 65 opened in 1970

Junctions

Data from driver location signs are used to provide distance and carriageway identifier information.[5]

A1(M) motorway junctions
km Southbound exits (B carriageway) Junction Northbound exits (A carriageway)
36.5 Road continues as A1 to Doncaster J40 Knottingley A162
Non-motorway traffic
Ferrybridge services
No access (on-ramp only) Start of motorway
41.1 Hull, Goole, Manchester, Pontefract, Leeds M62
Ferrybridge services 		J41 Manchester, Pontefract, Leeds M62
46.7 Leeds, Selby A63 J42 Selby A63
The South, Leeds M1 J43 No access (on-ramp only)
55.3 Leeds, York A64 J44 Leeds, York A64
57.2 Wetherby, Boston Spa, Otley A659 J45 Tadcaster, Boston Spa, Otley A659
Kirk Deighton, Wetherby B1224
Wetherby services 		J46
Services 		Kirk Deighton, Wetherby B1224
Wetherby services
79.3 York, Harrogate, Knaresborough, Leeds Bradford International Airport interchange A59 J47 York, Harrogate, Knaresborough, Leeds Bradford International Airport interchange A59
86.3 Ripon, Boroughbridge A168 J48 Boroughbridge A168
Knaresborough A6055
95.2 Thirsk, Teesside A168 (A19) J49 Thirsk, Teesside A168 (A19)
102.8 Ripon, Thirsk, Harrogate A61 J50 Ripon, Thirsk A61
119.9 Northallerton, Leeming Bar, Bedale A6055 (A684) J51 Northallerton, Leeming Bar, Bedale A6055 (A684)
Catterick A6136 J52 Catterick A6136
Penrith, Brough A66 (W)
Richmond A6108
Scotch Corner services 		J53 Penrith, Brough A66 (W)
Richmond A6108
Scotch Corner services
Melsonby, Barton B6275 J56 Piercebridge, Barton B6275
No access (on-ramp only) J57 Darlington, Teesside & Airport interchange A66(M)
Darlington A68 J58 Darlington, Bishop Auckland, Corbridge A68
Newton Aycliffe, Darlington, Teesside Airport interchange A167 J59 Newton Aycliffe A167
Hartlepool, Bishop Auckland, Teesside A689 J60 Hartlepool, Bishop Auckland, Teesside A689
Bishop Auckland, Spennymoor A688
Durham services 		J61
Services 		Spennymoor A688
Durham A177
Durham services
Durham A690 J62 Durham, Sunderland A690
Chester-le-Street A167
Stanley A693 		J63 Chester-le-Street A167
Stanley A693
Washington A195 J64 Washington A195
Washington services Services Washington services
Start of motorway J65 South Shields, Tyne Tunnel A194(M)
Sunderland A1231
Non-motorway traffic 		Road continues as A1 to Edinburgh

References

  1. ^ "The Motorway Archive. Oldest, widest, longest, highest". ciht.org.uk. 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Renaming A1(m) to M1". The Northern Ech. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  3. ^ The table was drawn up by reading values from the AA Route Planner for the journey Bank of England, London to Waverley Station, Edinburgh via Wittering. Adjustments were made for sections of the route that were not part of the A1."Route planner". AA. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
  4. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ^ a b "Traffic England Live Traffic Condition Map". Locations extracted from Traffic Camera Popup identifier text. Highways Agency. p. 1. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ "A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby". Highways Authority. Archived from the original on 27 June 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "A1(M) Wetherby to Walshford". Highways Agency. Archived from the original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby". Highways Agency. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "A1 Dishforth to Leeming Improvement Scheme (A1 Dishforth to Barton) Progress to Date". Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "A1 Leeming to Barton Improvement". Highways Agency. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
  11. ^ Copeland, Alexa (14 April 2017). "Further six months of roadworks". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 2017–15. p. 13. ISSN 2040-3933.
  12. ^ "Hitting the open road". The Northern Echo. 30 March 2018. p. 1. ISSN 2043-0442.
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