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This article is about the mapping company. For the maps/navigation app, see HERE Maps (app).

Here Maps B.V.
FormerlyNavteq, Ovi Maps, Nokia Maps
IndustryMapping
Headquarters
Netherlands Edit this on Wikidata
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Sean Fernback, President
OwnerAudi, BMW, Daimler
Websitecompany.here.com
Here
Developer(s)HERE Global B.V.
Operating systemAndroid, iOS, Windows Phone, Firefox OS,[1] Fire OS, Sailfish OS, Ubuntu Touch, Tizen
PlatformCross-platform
Available inMultilingual
TypeWeb mapping
Websitewww.here.com

Here (styled as HERE) is a company co-owned by German automotive companies Audi, BMW, and Daimler. Here is a multi-faceted business in the provision of mapping data, technologies and services to the automotive, consumer and enterprise sectors. The technology of Here is based on a cloud-computing model, in which location data and services are stored on remote servers so that users have access to it regardless of which device they use.

Here's origins lie in Navteq (styled NAVTEQ), an American company founded in 1985 as Karlin & Collins, Inc., later known as Navigation Technologies Corporation and eventually as Navteq. The company was acquired by Finnish telecommunications firm Nokia in 2008 and became a subsidiary. Nokia ran Navteq's business along with their own Nokia Maps (later known as Ovi Maps, then again as Nokia Maps from 2011), which was based on technology from Gate5, a Berlin-based company that Nokia purchased in 2006. The two remained as separate entities of Nokia Corporation until Navteq was amalgamated into the core Nokia operations in 2011. The service was rebranded as Here in 2012, bringing together mapping, location businesses, satellite navigation and other services under one brand.[2][3][4] Nokia sold Here to a consortium of German companies, Audi, BMW and Daimler, in December 2015.

Here captures location content such as road networks, buildings, parks and traffic patterns. It then sells or licenses that mapping content, along with navigation services and location solutions to other businesses such as Alpine, Garmin, BMW, Oracle and Amazon.com. In addition, Here provides platform services to many mobile devices operating systems. It delivers location services through Here applications, provides solutions for GIS and government clients and powers major mapping providers, such as Bing, Facebook and (formerly) Yahoo! Maps.[5][6] Here has maps in nearly 200 countries, offers voice guided navigation in 94 countries, provides live traffic information in 33 countries and has indoor maps available for about 49,000 unique buildings in 45 countries.[7]

As of December 2015 the company has 6500 employees.[8]

History

For more than three decades, Navteq has built its mapping and location business by acquiring location technology and know-how. It all began in 2001 as Smart2Go, a generic 3D-map interface for access to tourist information on mobile terminals. It was developed by an EU consortium named TellMaris.[9] Nokia gained the rights to the software when it acquired Berlin-based route planning software company Gate 5 in August 2006, which has become the cornerstone for the company's mapping business.[10] It then made the Smart2Go application free to download.[11][12][13][14][15]

In October 2007, Nokia acquired the Chicago-based company Navteq, which was the largest maker of automotive grade map data used in car navigation equipment.[16][17][18][19] That acquisition brought Nokia 25 years of experience in creating automotive grade content and a deep footprint in the automotive industry.

In 2008, Nokia picked up geo social networking site Plazes and the following year it bought mobile applications developer Bit-Side, social location pioneer Plum, and social travel service Dopplr. In 2010, it acquired Metacarta a leading enterprise local search service used by security and military.

In April 2011, Nokia released a beta version of 3D maps that covered 20 cities in the world. By August 2011, the coverage has expanded to 23 cities, and in 2012, Nokia bought EarthMine, which specialises in street level 3D image capture.[20]

In May 2011, Ovi Maps was renamed to Nokia Maps when Nokia streamlined its services offering under the 'HERE' brand.[21]

In October 2011, Maps & Drive for Windows Phone 7 (Mango) was announced, which was available on Nokia Lumia phones (710, 800 and in 2012, the 900). However, major features such as off-line routing and text-to-speech navigation of street names, compared to the Symbian version, were absent.[22] These features were eventually brought over to the Windows Phone platform in 2012.

On 13 November 2012, Nokia announced that it would rebrand its location offering as Here to highlight its vision for the future of location based services and its belief in the importance of mapping.[23][24][25]

In June 2014, HERE announced that it had acquired Medio[26] a Seattle-based start-up that specialized in predictive analytics.

In 2014, Windows Phone's low market share, as well as the end of Nokia's partnership with Microsoft, led to the company prioritizing Android and iOS development.[27]

Here launched the Here beta app for Samsung Galaxy smartphones in August 2014.[28] Later in October the app became available on all Android devices running on 4.1 Jelly Bean or higher.[29]

The Here app was re-launched for iOS 8 platform on 11 March 2015[30]

On 3 August 2015, Here was sold to a consortium of German carmakers Audi, BMW, and Daimler. On 4 December 2015, the consortium completed the acquisition.[31]

Here provides platform services to smartphones running Android, iOS, Windows Phone, Firefox OS, Fire OS, Ubuntu Touch and Sailfish OS,[32][33] and previously for Nokia's platforms Asha and Symbian.

Automotive services

Here Auto

The 2016 Jaguar Cars XF and XJ models incorporate Here drive guidance in their in-car infotainment systems. All of the features of the Here suite are available to the driver, including maps, navigation, and social sharing using Glympse. This is all available on either eight, ten or 12.3-inch display screens within the car itself (screen size dependent on model). A hallmark feature of Here Auto is the ability to plan the journey right from the Android or iOS app before entering the car, and seamless guidance to the final destination after parking the car. What sets Here Auto apart from competitors such as Android Auto and CarPlay is its nature of being contextually aware, rather than just a screen mirroring solution. Country and region maps are also able to be downloaded directly to the flash-based storage of the Here Auto system itself, much like the ability to store offline maps on devices using the Android/iOS Here apps.[34][35]

Here MapCare

Here MapCare was first implemented with Volvo vehicles in 2009, and has since spread to at least 23 other manufacturers (such as Hyundai, Mazda and Mitsubishi) utilising Here maps data in their infotainment systems. Here map data is updated for around a period of three years from the date of purchase of the vehicle, and is performed at the time of service from the car dealer. There is also the option of updating maps data via USB memory stick or memory card.[36]

Here and other car manufacturers / mapping companies

Here maps data and technologies are also integrated in the technologies of other car and company companies. Some prominent examples are listed below:

With its recent models of Garmin GPS navigation units, Here has facilitated and used DAB to broadcast live traffic information free to users. This is done through the power cable of the GPS unit acting as an antenna, and provides enough data with low latency, allowing data to be updated in very fast intervals. This is in comparison to data charges stemming from using devices with a SIM card to provide this same level of detailed traffic information.[37]

MyFord Mobile from the Ford Motor Company has its location services powered by Here mapping data, allowing users to find their parked cars remotely from the relevant iOS or Android app. Routes for driving are also able to be planned on the phone itself and sent to the car ready to be enacted. Charging station locations for electric vehicles already inherent in the Here mapping database are also included in the calculation of routes to be driven.[38]

Here also has a presence at major motor trade shows around the globe. For example, at the Mondial de l’Automobile 2014 show in Paris, Here had its maps in 50 of the 62 cars on show. Here also attends other major trade shows such as CES in Las Vegas.[39]

New technologies

Here also conducts work on various new technologies to improve traffic, mapping and the experience of driving. Listed below are recent prominent examples of these:

In August 2015, Here introduced a new traffic-jam warning system called Traffic Safety Warning. The system works in alerting the driver with a suitable time period to react to the fact that there is a traffic jam up ahead. Data is updated every minute and is yet another way in which data collected is used to the benefit and safety of drivers.[40]

In June 2015, Here published an interface specification named the Sensor Ingestion Interface Specification. This standard defines how sensor data gathered by vehicles on the road can be sent to the cloud to update maps on the fly. The premise of the technology is to allow for the collection of data to alert other cars on the road to traffic obstacles or accidents in the vicinity.[41] Here has called for leading car manufacturers from across the world to promote its specification and call for a standardised data format, thereby leading to all consumers receiving the same traffic data reporting.[42]

Here also works in the field of automated vehicles, with the recent provision of its HD Map data for manufacturers in testing their vehicles. The highly accurate mapped data of private test tracks provides these cars with a highly accurate navigation system to complement data collected from on-board sensors. Much like existing map data is collected for consumer driving, the same LiDAR technology is used to map these private test tracks along with the roads that are used for public testing.[43] HD Map data is also highly accurate, with accuracy to a level of 10 to 20 centimetres, and the collection of lane geometry is also part of the data collection task. Here makes approximately 2.7 million changes to its global map database every day.[44]

Also part of the field of autonomous vehicles and automated driving is the Live Roads technology. Here is currently developing such a technology that will be able to alert drivers of conditions such as weather to alert other drivers of possible hazards, or to avoid a particular area whilst driving. An example is the aggregation of data from windshield wipers and slipping tyres to notify other drivers to avoid an ice-filled area. The company is also investigating Humanised Driving where data is collected on driving habits on roads, and provisioning this data to allow automated cars to follow how drivers behave (speed, traffic lights etc.) when driving on certain roads.[45]

Here has also worked with SWARCO Group Template:De icon in developing new technologies for intelligent speed guidance. Through the smart provision of traffic lights and management, traffic congestion and vehicle efficiency will be able to be improved.[46]

Consumer services

Here.com

The website here.com evolved out of the maps.ovi.com and then maps.nokia.com site and provides the web companion to the Here suite. It works on all major browsers. Users can organise their favourite places on collections and sync to mobile devices. Here.com also uses WebGL to offer 3D map views without a plug in. With 3D goggles users can get stereoscopic views of 25 cities. Here.com also provides detailed street level imaging for many cities.[47]

The Here.com website offers, routing support between many waypoints, city pages of over fifty popular cities showing local time and weather conditions, along with information from Lonely Planet and suggested places, 3D maps of 25 cities, with routing support.[48][49] Live traffic flow visualisation. public transport search, synchronisation of user's points of interest (Collections) between the website and mobile device. heatmaps visualising areas popular for food, nightlife, shopping and local sights in select cities, listing and managing businesses (Here PrimePlaces).

Here Maps mobile application

Main article: HERE Maps (app)

Here Maps is a mapping mobile application developed. Currently, Here Maps is available in 196 countries and its features include turn-by-turn walking navigation, offline availability, 3D landmarks and indoor venue maps for 90,000 unique buildings in 70+ countries. A favourite's list shows the top 25 most popular places in the vicinity looking at positive reviews, search queries and other user data. The application is also integrated with an augmented reality technology called LiveSight that lets users hold up their phone to reveal information about the buildings including contact information, hours and reviews in their line of sight from the phone camera display.[50]

Here Maps (Android)

In November 2012, Here announced the decision to open up its location platform to all operating systems so that anyone with any kind of device could access it. With an open platform Here broadens its reach and acquires more users, which in turn generates more data for its location cloud.[51][52] Here developed a Here Maps API for Android which is available to partners. Apps built with the Here Android API will be able to interact with extruded 3D buildings, search for specific buildings and preview their routes in detail.

In October 2014, the app became available on all Android devices running on 4.1 Jelly Bean or higher.

Here Maps (iOS)

In November 2012, Here created an HTML5-based web service for iOS. The free app provides iPhone users with maps in almost 200 countries as well as public transit, walking and driving directions. Voice guided navigation is available for walking directions. It also provides multiple map views including a satellite view, public transportation view and live traffic view. Here Maps on iOS received lukewarm praise mostly because it was a web application and not a native one.[citation needed] Here Maps for iOS got multiple bad reviews from the start stating it was "a mess", "a wreck", "unfinished", "buggy"[53] and "rushed out HTML5-powered turkey".[54] It was pulled from the App Store in December 2013, after having not been updated for 10 months.[55] The Here web site was offered as replacement, however as of December 2014, Here noted that they plan to "officially launch Here for iOS in early 2015."[56]

Here was re-launched as a true app designed for iOS application on 11 March 2015.[57]

Here (Windows)

Here makes it location based assets, such as offline maps, available for the Windows platform through a dedicated Windows SDK[58]

Because the suite runs on Windows, users can save their favourite destinations as live tiles to their start screen and the app will calculate routes based on current location. The suite is integrated so that users can access individual functions going from one app to the next without going back to the home screen. Favourites are saved to the cloud so that they can be accessed on all of the different applications.

In February 2013, Nokia announced that Here Maps, Here Drive and Here Transit would be available on all Windows devices at the Windows Store.[59]

Here Drive provides navigation designed for in car driving in 94 countries. Its features include visual and audio speed limit warnings, voice guided turn-by-turn navigation with spoken street names (optional) in more than 60 countries in 50 different languages and offline availability. The user interface is designed for drivers and map data includes 260 attributes such as turn restrictions, physical barriers and one-way streets. Here Drive and Here Drive+ have optional live traffic information where available, but both lack dynamic rerouting, which is restricted to everyday commuting in a few countries only and then does not come with voice guidance.

Here Transit has public transportation information for more than 700 cities in 50 countries. It combines bus, train, ferry, tram and walking information in one application.

Demonstrating Here City Lens on a Nokia Lumia 920 through a PureView camera

Here City Lens, is augmented reality (AR) software that gives dynamic information, through the phone’s camera display, about users' surroundings[60] such as shops, restaurants, and points of interest, shown as virtual signs overlaid on or above buildings. A commercial Beta version was released in 2013.[61]

It also has free of charge turn-by-turn voice guided navigation, Here Drive 3.0 (earlier Nokia Drive), which can also be used without internet connection using preloaded maps.[62] It is also possible to de-clutter the surroundings: version 1.5 has a "Sightline" feature where users can narrow their view to just what is in the direct line of sight, making it easier to spot interesting places.

Here City Lens is powered by Bing Maps, and Nokia introduced Here Prime Place for listing.[63] The newest release has 3D icons and the ability to disable places which are not within the camera's line of sight.[64]

Previous iterations

Symbian

Here was available on Symbian platform under the previous name Nokia Maps. The latest, and the last, version 3.09 included:

  • Driving and walking turn-by-turn with international voice guidance.
  • Live traffic rerouting in some countries.
  • Live traffic visualisation on the map in some countries.
  • Third-party content such as ViaMichelin and Lonely Planet.
  • Social networking service integration.
  • Support for preloading street maps for offline use.
  • Users can report errors in the maps (from version 3.03 except on Nokia E66 and E71 models)[65][66]
  • Local weather conditions by the hour and forecasts for the week.
  • Night View mode.
  • Satellite maps and terrain maps.
  • 3D buildings and 3D maps.
  • Public transport routing in some cities.
  • Saving of favourites.
  • City Lens (augmented reality) (Beta only).[67]

Nokia stated that the Nokia 808 from 2012, would be the last Symbian phone.[68] Symbian development has halted, therefore no new features for Nokia Maps are to be expected. Accenture is responsible for maintenance of Symbian and Nokia Maps until 2016.[67]

The supported phones are:

  • Version 3.09 (12 November 2012, also called Maps Suite 2.0): only for Symbian Belle phones (500, 603, 700, 701, N8-00, E7-00, C7-00, C6-01, X7-00, E6-00)
  • Version 3.08 (15 November 2011) and 3.07: supported on Symbian^3
  • Version 3.06 (2 December 2010): Symbian S60v5 (N97, N97 mini, X6, C6-00, 5800XM, 5235 & 5230, etc.)
  • Version 3.04 (20 May 2010): Symbian S60v3 FP2
Asha/S40

Maps for S40 were limited compared to other platforms. The maps were streamed online into the device or you can pre-download them with Nokia Suite. At some markets, the phones came with a SD card with preloaded local maps. They don't have turn-by-turn navigation and you can only plan pedestrian routes max. 10 km (6 miles) long with them. As none of Asha series phone had GPS, positioning is done by Cell ID of the cellular network or by using the Wi-Fi positioning system.

Other mobile application platforms

Here is the default map software on Ubuntu Touch,[69] Sailfish OS,[70] Fire OS and Tizen.[71] It is available on Firefox OS.

Here Map Creator

Here Map Creator is a service launched in November 2012 to allow users to map their neighborhood and the places which they know and are familiar of. The initial list of editable countries was only Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tanzania, Angola, Burundi, Sri Lanka, El Salvador, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Antigua and Barbuda and Grenada. It has grown now and the service is now available for more than 100 countries and in 38 languages. It can be accessed from their website mapcreator.here.com. Recently they have developed a mobile app called POICT (Point of Interest Collection Tool) by which we can edit the maps on the move using smartphones.

Users are able to add new roads (trails are included here), edit a road, add a new place, and edit a place. In addition, users can edit road details such as speed limits, number of lanes, 1 or 2 way, type "open road", "tunnel" or "bridge", pavement type, etc. and also add local shops and businesses into various categories such as a grocery store, clothing store, types of restaurants (including cuisine and name of food joint), sports equipment store among several other categories and sub categories. and give various details about them including photos, contact nos., addresses, hours and days of operations in a week, payment info in the shops(whether they accept cash, cards, discount coupon’s or not). Users can also report map changes. There is an option of changing house nos. in some countries. Tutorial videos and instructions to carrying out the editing operations are available on their website.

Future developments

Announced in July 2015, Here president Sean Fernback will be joining the MapCode Foundation, a charitable organisation that provides a short easy to use reference for any location in the world. It has been stated that support for MapCode references (basically an alphanumberic short representation of latitude and longitude) will be available on HERE.com and Here mobile applications at some point in the future.[72]

Open Mobile Ticketing Alliance is a group of payment vendors and transit partners that includes Here, and was joined by Here in July 2015. The premise of the alliance is to pay by mobile phone on public transit: only requiring registration once and then being able to travel anywhere. The use of NFC technology to move through turnstiles on a public transit trip is a prominent feature aimed for by the alliance.[73]

Enterprise services

Utilisation of Here services

Here provides mapping data and assistance to many customers in the enterprise sector. One of these services powered by Here mapping data and geocoding is the FC.frameLOGIC fuel control system by frameLOGIC, which uses fuel probes installed in the vehicle fuel tank to detect discrepancies and ultimately from three to ten percent on their fuel expenditures.[74] Another company making use of Here data is MapMechanics, whose Truckstops VRS solution engages Here real-time traffic and historical data patterns to plan ahead and factor in events such as transit strikes, to in turn re-route drivers.[75] Sygic is another truck company that uses Here map data for its Truck Navigation software, depending on its accuracy and reliability.[76] Other pertinent examples of companies using Here for their services are Aramex,[77] TimoCom,[78] we-do-IT,[79] Amadeus,[80] Maps4News[81] and Baidu.[82]

Here Traffic Analytics

In July 2015, Here launched Here Traffic Analytics, which helps companies to plan for the effects of traffic on projects such as road construction. With the giant silo of data available, Here has made current and retrospective data available for business customers to constructed, tailored and extracted to the customers' requirements. Giving such granular control over the data allows for customers to use this data for the purposes they require, and the amount of detail and control needed for projects.[83]

Here Mobile SDK and Here Data Lens

The Here Mobile SDK was launched in February 2014, and in the time since has expanded to add more functionality for developers. There are many customers using Here mapping data as the backbone for their mobile apps, and the SDK provides access to information such as average road speeds, traffic build-up, and maximum loads that can be transported on a particular road.[84] There have been even more features and access added in each iteration of the SDK, with the latest 3.0 version launching in mid-2015. In the Here Mobile SDK Starter Edition 3.0, there are native Android and iOS APIs for raster tile map display, online points of interest search, geocoding/reverse geocoding and online pedestrian/car route calculation. Here Mobile SDK Premium Edition 3.0 extends the functionality to include vector maps, turn-by-turn guidance, truck routing, 3D venue maps and augmented reality. Offline Enterprise Maps (for truck attributes and congestion zones) and LiveSight pedestrian guidance are also provided in this latest version of the SDK.[85] Here Data Lens is another service launched by Here whereby customers can visualise their usage of data on a map in a visual form. This pictorial representation provides for extended analysis of datasets and how they are being used.[86]

Content delivery

Coverage of street-level views in Here Maps. Partial coverage (blue) and "full or partial coverage planned" (orange).

Here draws on more than 80,000 data sources including a vehicle fleet, which collects data through panoramic cameras, position sensors and laser technology for 3D footprints. The cars have an array of cameras, which capture 360-degree street views and LIDAR sensors, which capture 1.3 billion data points every minute. Another bank of high-resolution cameras capture signs such as speed limits and street names.[87] In November 2012, Nokia acquired Berkeley based company Earthmine to further bolster its 3D street level imagery processing capabilities.[88] In addition, Here relies on local source data and input from map users to generate constant daily map updates, such as real time traffic, turn by turn directions, public transportation routes and information about local business and attractions.

As a result, four out of five cars with fully integrated in dash navigation systems use Here data. Here supplies map content for Alpine, BMW, Mercedes, Garmin, Hyundai, Pioneer, Volkswagen and Toyota among other car companies and enterprises.[89]

Here has also expanded beyond the automotive realm and provides mapping data for popular apps to find and order taxis. Some of these apps include Easy Taxi, MetroView and Grab Taxi.[90]

Platform partnerships

Here licenses its location platform to other major companies including Amazon, Bing, Yahoo!, Flickr, SAP and Oracle. Each partner uses the Here location platform, which is available to any business or screen, to optimise experiences for its own users depending on the particular context. Amazon, for example, uses the Here platform for maps and geocoding. The platform computes 11 billion traffic probes a month, receives 80 million geocoding requests daily, handles 24 million route requests a day and more than 1 billion search queries in a year.[91]

Nokia versus Lowdownapp

Nokia has threatened legal action against a small UK technology firm over its use of the word "Here". Lowdownapp, a digital personal assistant allows users to tell friends they have arrived at a location by pressing the "Here" button. In a letter seen by the BBC, Nokia gave London-based Lowdownapp a deadline of 10 February 2015, to rebrand the "Here" function of the apps. "Our client has invested heavily in building and promoting the Here brand since launch,". The firm said it had registered trademarks for the word when it related to computer software, such as apps. David Senior, chief executive of Lowdownapp, described the threat as a real-life David versus Goliath.[92]

See also

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  66. ^ Rafe Blandford (6 April 2010). "Custom 3.03 version for Nokia E71 and Nokia E66". Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  67. ^ a b "Nokia outsources Symbian support which will continue until 2016". 4 October 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  68. ^ "Nokia Confirms The PureView Was Officially The Last Symbian Phone". Techcrunch. 24 January 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  69. ^ Nokia HERE maps coming to Ubuntu 30 July 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  70. ^ "Watch: Here Maps for Sailfish OS". The Jolla Blog.
  71. ^ Asif S., Nokia announces HERE Maps for Tizen based smartphones and smartwatches Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  72. ^ "HERE boss lends support to Mapcode". HERE 360.
  73. ^ "HERE, industry leaders form worldwide mobile ticketing pact". HERE 360.
  74. ^ "How fleet managers can combat fuel loss". HERE 360.
  75. ^ "Transit strikes affect companies, not just commuters". HERE 360.
  76. ^ "Sygic chooses HERE for its Truck Navigation". HERE 360.
  77. ^ "How do you deliver packages without an address?". HERE 360.
  78. ^ "HERE helps fleets to keep on truckin' without empty runs - HERE 360". HERE 360.
  79. ^ "HERE offline maps help field workers get the job done". HERE 360.
  80. ^ "Flight attendant: how Amadeus aims to put an end to airline rage". HERE 360.
  81. ^ "Maps4News puts HERE maps on the front page of the newspapers". HERE 360.
  82. ^ "Baidu and HERE keep Chinese travellers on the map". HERE 360.
  83. ^ "Introducing Traffic Analytics for agencies and commerce". HERE 360.
  84. ^ "Building blocks for better business apps: HERE Mobile SDK matures". HERE 360.
  85. ^ "Try the new HERE Mobile SDK for free". HERE 360.
  86. ^ "A map is worth 1000 numbers with HERE Data Lens". HERE 360.
  87. ^ Goodwin, Antuan (15 November 2012). "Nokia, Navteq show us how a map is made". CNET. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  88. ^ Bonetti, Pino (13 November 2012). "Innovating modern map making with Earthmine". Microsoft Mobile. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  89. ^ Lomas, Natasha (31 January 2013). "Nokia Chalks Up In-Car Maps Win Against Google, Signs Toyota Motor Europe To Use HERE Local Search". Techcrunch. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  90. ^ "Easy Taxi, MetroView and Grab Taxi use HERE to find you a taxi". HERE 360.
  91. ^ Bonetti, Pino (7 November 2012). "Building a global mapping platform". Nokia. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  92. ^ Dave Lee (30 January 2015). "Nokia threatens London start-up over 'HERE'". BBC News. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
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